Introduction to Linguistics Worksheet 1:

What is Linguistics?
Name: HILARIO SATRIA DE LIMA St. #: 151214062

1. When do I use language?

In verytime, when we need to communicate with people .

2. Languages are similar with but also different from one another. So are Indonesian and English. Here
are some similarities between the two languages:

a)Sounds: Both languages have passive & active voices - bahasa Indonesia uses "di-" prefix to
indicate the passive voice while English uses the "-ed" suffix.

b) Word structures: Both languages have transitive & intransitive structures.

c) Sentence patterns: Both languages use similar punctuation marks such as commas, periods,
parenthesis, question marks, quotation marks, hyphens, etc.

3. What are the differences between traditional grammar and linguistics?

linguistics deals with descriptive approach and grammar is prescriptive.

4. What are the scopes of linguistics? What is the focus of each scope?

Phonetics
Phonetics is the scientific study of speech sounds. It studies how speech sounds are articulated, transmitted,
and received.

Phonology
Phonology is the study of how speech sounds function in a language, it studies the ways speech sounds are
organized. It can be seen as the functional phonetics of a particular language.

Morphology
Morphology is the study of the formation of words. It is a branch of linguistics which breaks words itno
morphemes. It can be considered as the grammar of words as syntax is the grammar of sentences.

Syntax
Syntax deals with the combination of words into phrases, clauses and sentences. It is the grammar of sentence
construction.

Semantics
Semantics is a branch of linguistics which is concerned with the study of meaning in all its formal aspects.
Words have several types of meanign.
Pragmatics
Pragmatics can bedefined as the study oflanguage in use. It deals with how speakers use language in ways
which cannot be predicted from lingistic knowledge alone, and how hearers arrive at the intended meaningof
speakers. PRAGMATICS =MEANING-SEMANTICS.

5. Differentiate synchronic linguistics and diachronic linguistics?

Diachronic linguistics is the same thing as historical linguistics. Diachronic linguistics is the study of the
changes in language over time. Synchronic linguistics is the study of the linguistic elements and usage of
a language at a particular moment. Diachronic analysis can be the general evolution of all languages or
the evolution of a particular language or dialect.

6. Why do you need to study Linguistics?

Because linguistics is study of languange. We need languange to communicate with other because we are
social person.

Good luck