CCNA Cybersecurity Operations

Open University - Skills Assessment

Gathering Basic Information

1. Log into Security Onion VM (saved in the same location as this document) with username analyst and
password cyberops.
2. Open a terminal window. Enter the sudo service nsm status command to verify that all the services and
sensors are ready.
3. When the nsm service is ready, log into SGUIL with the username analyst and password cyberops.
Click Select All to monitor all the networks. Click Start SQUIL to continue.
4. In the SGUIL window, identify the group of events that are associated with exploit(s). This group of events
are related to a single multi-part exploit. How many events were generated by the entire exploit?

5. According to SGUIL, when did the exploit begin? When did it end? Approximately how long did it take?
Start at 2017-09-07 15:31:12
End at 2017-09-07 15:31:34
Approximately 22 seconds
6. What is the IP address of the internal computer involved in the events?
192.168.0.12
7. What is the MAC address of the internal computer involved in the events? How did you find it?
00:1b:21:ca:fe:d7, can be found by right clicking on Alert ID and opening Wireshark
8. What are some of the Source IDs of the rules that fire when the exploit occurs? Where are the Source IDs
from?
2014726, 2018442, 2019224, 2019488, 2020356, 2018954, 2021120, 2020491, 2018316,
2019645 - Select an event, and in the bottom right window select Show Rule
9. Do the events look suspicious to you? Does it seem like the internal computer was infected or
compromised? Briefly explain.
Yes, it seems to be with some trojan activity.
10. What is the operating system running on the internal computer in question?
Windows XP/2000, can be found by right clicking on Alert ID and select Transcript or Bro

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Skills Assessment CCNA Cybersecurity Operations

Learn About the Exploit

11. According to Snort, what is the exploit kit (EK) in use?
Angler EK Flash Exploit URI Struct
12. What is an exploit kit?
EK is a server-based framework that uses exploits to take advantage of vulnerabilities in
browser-related software applications to infect a client.
13. Do a quick Google search on ‘Angler EK’ to learn a little about the fundamentals the exploit kit.
Summarize your findings and record them here.
The Angler EK is used to distribute different types of malware like CryptoXXX ransomware,
EITest trojans like Zeus, Andromeda or Tinba. Bedep is a technique that avoid detection of the
infection by executing the Angler EK payload from memory instead of storing it to disk. Bedep
also downloads click-fraud malware that generates web traffic invisible to the end user.
14. How does this exploit fit the definition on an exploit kit? Give examples from the events you see in SGUIL.
It used an outdated flash version to redirect the client to a compromised server
15. What are the major stages in exploit kits?
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Skills Assessment CCNA Cybersecurity Operations

Determining the Source of the Malware

16. In the context of the events displayed by SGUIL for this exploit, record below the IP addresses involved.
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17. The first new event displayed by SGUIL contains the message “ET Policy Outdated Flash Version M1”.
The event refers to which host? What does that event imply?
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18. According to SGUIL, what is the IP address of the host that appears to have delivered the exploit?
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19. Pivoting from SGUIL, open the transcript of the transaction. What is the domain name associated with the
IP address of the host that appears to have delivered the exploit?
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20. This exploit kit typically targets vulnerabilities in which three software applications?
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21. Based on the SGUIL events, what vulnerability seems to have been used by the exploit kit?
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22. What is the most common file type that is related to that vulnerable software?
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23. Use ELSA to gather more evidence to support the hypothesis that the host you identified above delivered
the malware. Launch ELSA and list all hosts that downloaded the type of file listed above. Remember to
adjust the time frame accordingly.
Were you able to find more evidence? If so, record your findings here.
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24. At this point you should know, with quite some level of certainty, whether the site listed discovered earlier
delivered the malware. Record your conclusions below.
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Skills Assessment CCNA Cybersecurity Operations

Analyze Details of the Exploit

25. Exploit kits often rely on a landing page used to scan the victim’s system for vulnerabilities and exfiltrate a
list of them. Use ELSA to determine if the exploit kit in question used a landing page. If so, what is the
URL and IP address of it? What is the evidence?

Hint: The first two SGUIL events contain many clues.

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26. What is the domain name that delivered the exploit kit and malware payload?
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27. What is the IP address that delivered the exploit kit and malware payload?
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28. Pivoting from events in SGUIL, launch Wireshark and export the files from the captured packets as was
done in a previous lab. What files or programs are you able to successfully export?
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