500

su = 395
400 MPa
s, Stress, MPa

300

200 ef = 0.366
AISI 1020 HR Steel
sf = 266.8
100
MPa
fracture
0
0.00000 0.08000 0.16000 0.24000 0.32000 0.40000
e, Strain
 400.0
so = 264
300.0 MPa
s, Stress, MPa

f(x) 1; 267.6
f(x) == 201170.787063021x
201170.787063021x
200.0
AISI 1020 HR Steel
100.0 0.00
2
0.0 2; 0.0
0.00000 0.00300 0.00600 0.00900 0.01200
e, Strain
ep ee
 900

AISI 1020 HR Steel

fractur
e
600
s, Stress, MPa

s vs. enginering
300 e true
fractur corrected
e
true

0
0.00000 0.20000 0.40000 0.60000 0.80000 1.00000 1.20000

e, Strain
1000.0
raw values
corrected
Power f(x) = 625.6650949825 x^0.1954615205
(corrected)

AISI 1020 HR Steel

100.0
0.00100 0.01000 0.10000 1.00000 10.00000
54615205
(a) Test Data (b) Calculated Values
Raw True Corrected
Force Engr. Strain Diam. Engr. Stress True Strain
Stress True Stress
~
ε ~ ~
σ B , MPa
P, kN e d, mm s, MPa σ , MPa
0 0 9.11 0 0 0 0
6.67 0.00050 --- 102.3 0.00050 102.3 102.3
13.34 0.00102 --- 204.7 0.00102 204.7 204.7
19.13 0.00146 --- 293.5 0.00146 293.5 293.5
17.79 0.00230 --- 272.9 0.00230 272.9 272.9
17.21 0.00310 --- 264.0 0.00310 264.0 264.0
17.53 0.00500 --- 268.9 0.00500 268.9 268.9
17.44 0.00700 --- 267.6 0.00698 269.4 269.4
17.21 0.01000 --- 264.0 0.00995 266.7 266.7
20.77 0.0490 8.89 318.6 0.0478 334.3 334.3
24.25 0.1250 --- 372.0 0.1178 418.5 418.5
25.71 0.2180 8.26 394.4 0.1972 480.4 465.3
25.75 0.2340 --- 395.0 0.2103 487.5 469.8
25.04 0.3060 7.62 384.2 0.3572 549.1 505.0
23.49 0.3300 6.99 360.4 0.5298 612.1 540.9
21.35 0.3480 6.35 327.5 0.7218 674.2 576.2
18.90 0.3600 5.72 290.0 0.9308 735.5 611.5
17.39 0.3660 5.28 266.8 1.0909 794.2 649.1
(Final point is fracture)
True Plastic
Strain
~ε
p
0
0
0
0
0
0.00179
0.00366
0.00564
0.00862
0.0462
0.1157
0.1949
0.2079
0.3547
0.5271
0.7190
0.9278
1.0877
EXAMPLES 4.1, 4.2, and 4.3 Tension Test, AISI 1020 HR steel (Final point is fracture)

Strain gage length, mm = 50.8 25.4 Original Diameter, mm = 9.11 E, MPa =

Final length, mm = 70.9 38.6 Final Diameter, mm = 5.28 H, MPa =
% elongation = 39.6 52.0 % RA = 66.4 n=
Data
Engr Raw True Bridgman Corrected
Force Engr Strain Diam
Stress
True Strain
Stress log { ~ε ¿ Correction True Stress

P, kN e d, mm s, MPa
~
ε ~
σ , MPa B ~
σ B , MPa
0 0.00000 9.11 0 0 0 --- 1.000 0
6.67 0.00050 102.3 0.00050 102.3 -3.301 1.000 102.3
13.34 0.00102 204.7 0.00102 204.7 -2.991 1.000 204.7
19.13 0.00146 293.5 0.00146 293.5 -2.836 1.000 293.5
17.79 0.00230 272.9 0.00230 272.9 -2.638 1.000 272.9
17.21 0.00310 264.0 0.00310 264.0 -2.509 1.000 264.0
17.53 0.00500 268.9 0.00500 268.9 -2.301 1.000 268.9
17.44 0.00700 267.6 0.00698 269.4 -2.156 1.000 269.4
17.21 0.01000 264.0 0.00995 266.7 -2.002 1.000 266.7
20.77 0.04900 8.89 318.6 0.04784 334.3 -1.320 1.000 334.3
24.25 0.12500 372.0 0.11778 418.5 -0.929 1.000 418.5
25.71 0.21800 8.26 394.4 0.19721 480.4 -0.705 0.968 465.3
25.75 0.23400 395.0 0.21026 487.5 -0.677 0.964 469.8
25.04 0.30600 7.62 384.2 0.35719 549.1 -0.447 0.920 505.0
23.49 0.33000 6.99 360.4 0.52978 612.1 -0.276 0.884 540.9
21.35 0.34800 6.35 327.5 0.72184 674.2 -0.142 0.855 576.2
18.90 0.36000 5.72 290.0 0.93081 735.5 -0.031 0.831 611.5
17.39 0.36600 5.28 266.8 1.09089 794.2 0.038 0.817 649.1
Plastic strain offset for yield strength
0.00200 0
0.00364 330.0 Points on fit
Unloading question 185.7
0.007000 267.6 total 716.5
0.005670 0 plastic
0.001330 elastic
point is fracture)

201,200
625.7
0.1955
Calculated from fit
True Plastic
True Strain
Strain
~ε ~
ε ~
σ , MPa
p
0
0
0.00000
0.00000
0.00094
0.00179
0.00366
0.00564
0.00862
0.04618 0.04214 334
0.1157 0.12995 419
0.1949 0.22207 465
0.2079 0.23325 470
0.3547 0.33670 505
0.5271 0.47741 541
0.7190 0.65909 576
0.9278 0.89232 612
1.0877 1.09026 636

0.002
2.000