GPS

1. Global positioning system (GPS) is a network of satellites and receiving devices used to
determine the location of something on Earth. Some GPS receivers are so accurate they
can build their location in 1 centimeter (0.4 inch). GPS receivers provide locations at
latitude, longitude, and altitude. They also provide accurate time.

Global positioning system (GPS) adalah jaringan satelit dan perangkat penerima yang
digunakan untuk menentukan lokasi sesuatu di Bumi. Beberapa penerima GPS sangat
akurat sehingga mereka dapat membangun lokasinya dalam 1 sentimeter (0,4 inci).
Penerima GPS menyediakan lokasi pada garis lintang, bujur, dan ketinggian. Mereka
juga menyediakan waktu yang akurat

2. GPS includes 24 satellites that orbit the earth in the right orbit. Each satellite makes a full
orbit of the Earth every 12 hours. This satellite continuously sends radio signals. GPS
receivers are programmed to receive information about where each satellite is at a
particular time. A GPS receiver determines its own location by measuring the time it takes
for a signal to arrive at the location of at least four satellites. Because radio waves are at
a constant speed, the receiver can use time measurements to calculate the distance from
each satellite.

GPS mencakup 24 satelit yang mengorbit bumi di orbit kanan. Setiap satelit membuat
orbit penuh Bumi setiap 12 jam. Satelit ini terus menerus mengirimkan sinyal radio.
Penerima GPS diprogram untuk menerima informasi tentang di mana setiap satelit
berada pada waktu tertentu. Penerima GPS menentukan lokasinya sendiri dengan
mengukur waktu yang diperlukan agar sinyal sampai di lokasi paling tidak empat satelit.
Karena gelombang radio berada pada kecepatan konstan, penerima dapat menggunakan
pengukuran waktu untuk menghitung jarak dari setiap satelit.

3. Using multiple satellites makes GPS data more accurate. If the GPS receiver calculates
the distance from one satellite, it could be the exact distance from the satellite in all
directions. Think of satellites as a flashlight. When you shine on the ground, you get
halos. With one satellite, a GPS receiver can be anywhere in halos. With two more
satellites, there are two more circles. All three circles intersect, or cross, in only one
place. That is the location of the GPS receiver. The method of determining the location is
called trilateration.

Menggunakan banyak satelit membuat data GPS lebih akurat. Jika penerima GPS
menghitung jarak dari satu satelit, itu bisa menjadi jarak yang tepat dari satelit ke semua
arah. Pikirkan satelit sebagai senter. Ketika Anda bersinar di tanah, Anda mendapatkan
lingkaran cahaya. Dengan satu satelit, penerima GPS dapat berada di mana saja dalam
lingkaran cahaya. Dengan dua satelit lagi, ada dua lingkaran lagi. Ketiga lingkaran
berpotongan, atau silang, hanya di satu tempat. Itu adalah lokasi penerima GPS. Metode
penentuan lokasi disebut trilateration.

4. Planes, ships, submarines, trains and spacecraft all use GPS for navigation. Many people
use a receiver when driving a car. The GPS receiver plots constantly change the location
of the car on an electronic map. The map gives directions to one's destination. Both
locations and vehicles are plotted using satellite data. Some pedestrians use GPS to help
them find their way, especially when they are not on the marked path.

Pesawat, kapal, kapal selam, kereta api dan pesawat ruang angkasa semuanya
menggunakan GPS untuk navigasi. Banyak orang menggunakan penerima saat
mengendarai mobil. Plot penerima GPS secara konstan mengubah lokasi mobil pada
peta elektronik. Peta memberi arah ke tujuan seseorang. Lokasi dan kendaraan diplot
menggunakan data satelit. Beberapa pejalan kaki menggunakan GPS untuk membantu
mereka menemukan jalan mereka, terutama ketika mereka tidak berada di jalur yang
ditandai.
5. Sometimes there are obstacles to getting a clear GPS signal. Gravity can pull the GPS
satellite slightly out of orbit. Parts of the Earth's atmosphere sometimes distort satellite
radio signals. Trees, buildings and other structures can also block radio waves. GPS
controls and monitoring stations around the world track satellites and constantly monitor
their signals. They then calculate the correction that is broadcast to the GPS receiver.
This correction makes GPS more accurate.

Terkadang ada hambatan untuk mendapatkan sinyal GPS yang jelas. Gravitasi dapat
menarik satelit GPS sedikit keluar dari orbit. Beberapa bagian atmosfer bumi kadang-
kadang mengubah sinyal radio satelit. Pohon, bangunan, dan struktur lainnya juga dapat
memblokir gelombang radio. Kontrol GPS dan stasiun pemantauan di seluruh dunia
melacak satelit dan terus-menerus memonitor sinyal mereka. Mereka kemudian
menghitung koreksi yang disiarkan ke penerima GPS. Koreksi ini membuat GPS lebih
akurat.

6. The original GPS system began as a US military project. The first experimental
satellite was launched in 1978. In 1994, full of 24 GPS satellites orbited the earth.
Initially, GPS was available for civilian, or non-military use, not very accurate. It
will only look for a GPS receiver in about 300 meters (1,000 feet). Today, accurate
signals are free and available to anyone with a GPS receiver.

Sistem GPS asli dimulai sebagai proyek militer AS. Satelit eksperimental pertama
diluncurkan pada tahun 1978. Pada tahun 1994, penuh dengan 24 satelit GPS
yang mengorbit bumi. Awalnya, GPS tersedia untuk penggunaan sipil, atau non-
militer, tidak terlalu akurat. Ini hanya akan mencari penerima GPS di sekitar 300
meter (1.000 kaki). Saat ini, sinyal akurat gratis dan tersedia untuk siapa saja
dengan penerima GPS.
 DECIDE THE SIZE AND TYPE OF EXCVATOR
BEFORE PURCASHING AN EXCAVATOR, YOU HAVE TO DECIDE 2 MOST
IMPORTANT THINGS. THEY RELATE TO THE SIZE AS WELL AS TYPE. THE
SIZE OF EXCAVATOR IS DIVIDED INTO 3. THEY ARE MINI, STANDARD, AND
LARGE EXCAVATORS, IN RELATION TO THE TYPE, THERE ARE ALSO MANY
OPTIONS THAT YOU CAN CHOOSE. TO FIND THE MOST APPROPRIATE ONE,
YOU ,UST KNOW ABOUT THE FUNCTION OF EACH TYPE.

TETAPKAN UKURAN DAN JENIS EXCVATOR

SEBELUM MEMBELI EXCAVATOR, ANDA HARUS MEMUTUSKAN 2 HAL PALING
PENTING. MEREKA TERKAIT DENGAN UKURAN SERTA JENIS. UKURAN
EXCAVATOR DIBAGI KE 3. MEREKA MINI, STANDAR, DAN EXCAVATOR
BESAR, DALAM HUBUNGAN DENGAN JENIS, ADA JUGA BANYAK PILIHAN
YANG BISA ANDA PILIH. UNTUK MENEMUKAN SATU YANG PALING TEPAT,
ANDA, UST TAHU TENTANG FUNGSI TIPE MASING-MASING.
 How GPS works
GPS satellites circle the Earth twice a day in a precise orbit. Each satellite
transmits a unique signal and orbital parameters that allow GPS devices to decode
and compute the precise location of the satellite. GPS receivers use this information
and trilateration to calculate a user's exact location. Essentially, the GPS receiver
measures the distance to each satellite by the amount of time it takes to receive a
transmitted signal. With distance measurements from a few more satellites, the
receiver can determine a user's position and display it electronically to measure your
running route, map a golf course, find a way home or adventure anywhere.
To calculate your 2-D position (latitude and longitude) and track movement, a
GPS receiver must be locked on to the signal of at least 3 satellites. With 4 or more
satellites in view, the receiver can determine your 3-D position (latitude, longitude
and altitude). Generally, a GPS receiver will track 8 or more satellites, but that
depends on the time of day and where you are on the earth. Some devices can do
all of that from your wrist.Once your position has been determined, the GPS unit can
calculate other information, such as:Speed Bearing, Track, Trip distance, Distance to
destination, Sunrise and sunset time
How accurate is GPS?
Today's GPS receivers are extremely accurate, thanks to their parallel multi-channel
design. Our receivers are quick to lock onto satellites when first turned on. They
maintain a tracking lock in dense tree-cover or in urban settings with tall buildings.
Certain atmospheric factors and other error sources can affect the accuracy of GPS
receivers. Garmin GPS receivers are typically accurate to within 10 meters.
Accuracy is even better on the water.

1. GPS stands for …

a. Geographic Positional System
b. Geography Positional System
c. Global Positioning System
d. GeographicPositioning System
2. You can use tracking systems for monitoring delivery vehicles and
finding stolen cars. The word monitoring could mean as follow,
EXCEPT …
a. Controlling
b. Observing
c. Detecting
d. noticing
3. A large delivery vehicle is needed to … heavy equipment
a. Bring
b. Move
c. Transport
 d. Transfer
4. An alarm is sounded to warn people from dangerous. to warn is not
synonymous to …
a. to tell
b. to notify
c. to alter
d. to inform
5. Every factory should make available its every product along with a way
of its use. The italic word is similar meaning to …
a. Application
b. Guidance
c. Function
d. direct

6. Materials always … a major role in the development of societies.

a. plays
b. playing
c. played
d. play
7. Wireless sensing systems can eliminate expensive and inconvenient
conduit. The word eliminate is closest meaning to …
a. reduce
b. increase
c. reject
d. castoff

8. An alarm is sounded to warn people from dangerous. Dangerous is

not synonymous to …
a. safety
b. clear
c. unsafe
d. secure
9. Helium (He) is a gas less dense than air. It means that …
a. Air is dense
b. Air as solid as helium
c. Helium is more solid than air
d. Air is more solid than helium
10. Pressure, temperature, and flow are standard product offerings from
the wireless sensor industry. The italic word is similar meaning to …
a. unusual
b. unordinary
c. usual
d. informal