IDENTIFYING SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY BULLYING - an unwanted, aggressive
RESOURCES IN CASE OF behavior. The behavior is repeated, or can
INJURY OR EMERGENCY be repeated, over time. Both kids who are bullied and who bully others may have INJURY serious, lasting problems. Unintentional or intentional damage to the body resulting from acute EXTORTION - the act of using force or exposure to thermal, mechanical, threats to force people to hand over their electrical, or chemical energy or money or properties, on favors. Victims are from the absence of such essentials forced to give up their allowances, in as heat or oxygen. Injuries can be exchange for the promise that they will not further classified based on the be beaten up. events and behaviors that precede them as well as the intent of the STALKING - is a pattern of behavior that persons involved. At the broadest makes you feel afraid, nervous, harassed, level, injuries are classified as or in danger. It is when someone repeatedly either violence or unintentional contacts you, follows you, sends you injuries. things, and talks to you, even when you don’t want them to. It is very threatening INTENTIONAL INJURY are injuries resulting to the person being stalked, because the from violence. behaviors and actions of the stalker often invade his/her privacy. SELF INFLICTED when a person harms himself/herself on purpose. COMMITED BY OTHER GROUPS GANG AND YOUTH VIOLENCE - a gang is defined SUICIDE as a relatively tough, mostly street-based The intentional taking of one’s own group of young people who regard themselves life. Many of those who attempt and may be seen by others as a group that suicide do not receive mental and engages in a range of criminal activity and emotional counselling because their violence. Gang members are responsible for families try to hide the problem a majority of serious crimes, like because they are ashamed of it. extortion, theft and robbery. They are also Because of this, the problem is not likely to be involved in selling drugs and solved and the attempt to commit are more likely to bring weapons to school suicide can be repeated. for fear of attack from rival gangs. ILLEGAL FRATERNITY-RELATED VIOLENCE - a PARASUICIDE fraternity is a group of people with A suicide attempt in which a person similar backgrounds, occupations, does not intend to die. It is often interests, or tastes. And since most a cry for help, meaning, the person fraternities are based in colleges and wants others to know what she/he is universities, some would join fraternities feeling. Despite this parasuicide for academic support. Most youths would should be taken seriously because it also join fraternities because of the sense may also lead to death. of belongingness that these fraternities would provide. ASSAULT when person/persons harm another on purpose. To maintain their exclusiveness, COMMITTED WITHIN THE FAMILY fraternity members would require an applicant to undergo a series of initiation DOMESTIC VIOLENCE - an act that includes rites to become part of the “brotherhood”. physical assault, sexual abuse and verbal One of these is hazing, or activities that abuse. There are some children who involve harassment, abuse, or humiliation. experience domestic violence in their Hazing can be very dangerous to applicants, homes. Their parents may think that their as they will be subjected to physical and children do not know about the violence, psychological suffering like being beaten but most of the time, the children are with wooden paddles and may cause them a aware of it. They can feel helpless, scared lot of injuries. Some even die in the and upset. Some of them blame themselves as process. they feel like the violence is their fault. SCHOOL EQUIPMENT TO AVOID THESE Schools have a responsibility to COMMITTED BY PEERS prevent injuries from occurring on school property and at school- sponsored events. In addition, schools can teach students the skills while in closed fracture the skin above is needed to promote safety and prevent intact. unintentional injuries, violence, and suicide while at home, at work, DISLOCATION a partial or complete at play, in the community, and displacement of the bones. throughout their lives. SPRAIN an injury to the ligaments of a bone However, educational interventions alone due to accidental tearing or cannot produce major reductions in injury overstretching. or injury risks. Effective school- based injury-prevention efforts address policies STRAIN an injury to the muscles which is a and procedures, staff development, the result of improper use of muscle. physical environment of the school, and the curriculum in a coordinated manner. School HEAT EXHAUSTION caused by loss of salt and efforts to promote safety can be part of a water due to excessively high temperature. coordinated school health program, which is "an integrated set of planned, sequential, FOOD POISONING caused by consuming food or and school-affiliated strategies, drink that is contaminated with bacteria or activities, and services designed to viruses. promote the optimal physical, emotional, social, and educational development of HEART ATTACK caused by a sudden obstruction students. of blood supply to the part of heart muscles. A coordinated school health program involves and is supportive of families and CHOKING results when a foreign object is determined by the local community based blocks the throat. on community needs, resources, standards, and requirements. It is coordinated by a SAFETY AND INJURY PREVENTION multidisciplinary team and accountable to - Use a reporting system to record the community for program quality and injuries that happen at school. This effectiveness“. information can be used to identify causes and plan preventive Just as individual strategies cannot be strategies for the school. implemented in isolation from each other, - Provide appropriate adult schools cannot effectively address supervision for all sports, unintentional injury, violence, and recreation, and play activities. suicide problems in isolation. School - Teach children how to use playground personnel, students, families, community equipment properly. organizations and agencies, and businesses - Establish safety rules and use the can collaborate to develop, implement, and proper safety gear for sporting evaluate injury-prevention efforts. activities. Ideally, coordinated school health - Ensure regular equipment checks and programs should include multiple maintenance. components - comprehensive health education; FIRST AID MUST HAVE - physical education; - Plasters: Use plasters for small cuts - school health services [school and grazes. counselling, and psychological and - Sterile pad: For more cushioning you social services]; can use a sterile pad and hold it in - school nutrition services; place with sticky tape. You could also use any clean, non-fluffy - healthy and safe school environment; material, like a cloth scarf - school-site health promotion for - Sterile wound dressing: A sterile staff members; wound dressing is a sterile pad - staff development; attached to a bandage. These are for - and family and community involvement larger wounds to apply pressure to help stop bleeding and are quick and UNINTENTIONAL INJURY injuries which are not easy to put on in an emergency. expected; also known as accidents. BANDAGES: - Roller bandages: Roller bandages are FRACTURE a break or crack in a bone. An long thin bandages rolled up. Use a open fracture pierces the skin surface roller bandage to support joint injuries, hold dressings in place, put pressure on wounds to stop bleeding, and to reduce swelling. - Triangular bandages: Triangular bandages are large triangular shaped pieces of cloth. You can fold a triangular bandage to use as either a bandage or sling, or, if sterile, as a dressing for large wounds and burns. PROTECTIVE ITEMS: - Disposable gloves: Using disposable gloves reduces the risk of infection between you and someone you’re helping. If they’re available, always wear gloves whenever you dress wounds or deal with any body fluids or waste.