Chemistry

UNIT - 1
Chemical Reactions
(Types of reactions and bonding)
 Key Concept
Change

Related Concept
Conditions and interactions

Global Context
Scientific and technical innovations
 Statement of Inquiry

Changes and Interactions are dependent upon

conditions leading to discovery of innovative
products.
 Scientific Concepts
Bonding & Types of Bonding
Structure of covalent and Ionic compound
Chemical Formulas
Chemical reactions
Chemical equations
Balancing equations
Types of chemical reactions
Factors affecting rate of reactions
Acid , base & their properties
Ph and universal indicators
Detection of acid base
Acid and base solutions
 Bonding
Covalent bonding :- covalent bonds form when electrons are shared between two nonmetals.There
are three covalent bondings ,Single covalent bonding,Double covalent bonding and triple covalent bonding.Covalent
bonds have weak bonds as compared to ionic bond.There melting and boiling point are less as compared to ionic

bond. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LkAykOv1foc

Ionic bonding :- Ionic bonds form when a nonmetal and a metal exchange electrons or transfer
electrons.Metal always donates electron and form a cation and nonmetal always gain electron it will form anion.Ionic
compounds has very high melting and boiling point.They have strong force of attraction due to opposite charge.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DEdRcfyYnSQ
Activity based on ionic and covalent
compounds

Objective:To examine the molecular bonding of atoms in the different compounds with the
help of atomic model and valence cards .

Names of some covalent compounds

Names of some ionic compounds

Structure of covalent and Ionic compounds

Article on structure of ionic and covalent compound

Eg for covalent Structure of diamond and graphite

(allotropes)

Structure of NaCl
 Activity on Chemical Equations and
Chemical Reactions

Understanding of chemical reaction , how the

reactants combine to form a product and learning what
is chemical reaction and how it happens .

Video :- https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7UUnRtwQPlc&feature=youtu.be
 Balancing chemical equation

Law of conservation of mass ,balancing

equations

Every chemical equation adheres to the law of

conservation of mass, which states that matter
cannot be created or destroyed. Therefore,
there must be the same number of atoms of
each element on each side of a chemical
equation.
Types of chemical reactions
1.Combination reaction:-where two or more elements or compounds (reactants) combine to form a single compound
(product).
A+B =AB

2.Decomposition Reactions :-A decomposition reaction is a type of chemical reaction in which a single compound breaks
down into two or more elements or new compounds.
AB=A+B ( AB compound decomposes to give two different compounds

3.Single Displacement Reaction :-A single-displacement reaction, also known as a single-replacement reaction, is a type
of chemical reaction where an element reacts with a compound and takes the place of another element in that compound.

A+BC=AC+B (A has replaced B because A is more reactive as compared to B)

4.Double Displacement Reaction :-A double displacement reaction, also known as a double
replacement reaction or metathesis, is a type of chemical reaction where two compounds react, and
the positive ions (cation) and the negative ions (anion) of the two reactants switch places, forming two
new compounds or products.

AB+CD=AC+BD
Simulations on different types of chemical
reactions

http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=3&sim=81&cnt=1

http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=3&sim=79&cnt=4

http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=3&sim=80&cnt=4

http://amrita.olabs.edu.in/?sub=73&brch=3&sim=82&cnt=1
ACID
Acid :-An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+)

Properties of acids:-

It has a sour taste.

It turns blue litmus to red.

Acids are electrolyte.

Acids are corrosive

Strong acids destroy fabric.

Strong acids cause burn on skin.

BASE

Base:- A base is a substance that can accept a hydrogen ion (H+) from another substance.

Properties of Base:-

They have a bitter taste.

They have slippery touch.
They conduct electrically.
It turns red litmus to blue.
It turns colorless phenolphthalein to pink.
Video on acid & base :-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRBcKEkBj_8
Presentation on acid & base solution

Understanding of acid ,base and solution

Link :-https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WRBcKEkBj_8
 Rate of reaction & Factors affecting rate of reaction

Rate of reaction :-The reaction rate (rate of reaction) or speed of reaction for a reactant or product in a particular reaction
is intuitively defined as how quickly or slowly a reaction takes place.

Factors affecting rate of reactions:-

1.Temperature

2.Concentration

3.Surface Area

4.Catalyst
Factors affecting rate of reactions

Video on Interpreting different factors which may affect

the rate of reactions
:-https://www.youtubecom./watch?v=nrws3CtZDc
s

Video on understanding how temperature,concentration

,surface area and catalyst affects rate of
reaction:-https://youtu.be/1jLoUaCaVQk
ACTIVITY ON IDENTIFYING PROPERTY OF ACID &
BASE
LINK :-

https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1WE-27565xan3w7lkpDbJ
H0_ZwHGFtviEyRlcI-62GaI/edit#slide=id.g1efe58e74f_0_0