Aims Tutorial

1. Find the centre and radius of the circle 2. Find the centre and radius of the circle
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟖𝒚 − 𝟗𝟔 = 𝟎. √𝟏 + 𝒎𝟐 (𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 ) − 𝟐𝒄𝒙 − 𝟐𝒎𝒄𝒚 = 𝟎.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 + 8𝑦 − 96 = 0. 𝑆𝑜𝑙: Given circle
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (−3, −4) √1 + 𝑚2 (𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 ) − 2𝑐𝑥 − 2𝑚𝑐𝑦 = 0. (÷ √1 + 𝑚2 )
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √32 + 42 + 96 ⇨ 𝑥2 + 𝑦 2 −
2𝑐𝑥
−
2𝑚𝑐𝑦
= 0.
√1+𝑚 2 √1+𝑚 2
=√9 + 16 + 96 = √121 = 11 𝑐 𝑚𝑐
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = ( , )
√1+𝑚 2 √1+𝑚 2

𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄
2 2
𝑐 𝑚𝑐 𝑐 2 +𝑚 2 𝑐 2 𝑐 2 (1+𝑚 2 )
=√( ) +( ) =√ =√
√1+𝑚 2 √1+𝑚 2 1+𝑚 2 1+𝑚 2

=√𝑐 2 = 𝑐

3. If 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎 represents a circle, then 4. If 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟒 represents a circle, then find the

find the parametric equations of the circle. parametric equations of the circle.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 12 = 0. Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 4
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (3, −2) 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (0, 0)
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √32 + 22 + 12 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = 𝟐
=√9 + 4 + 12 = √25 = 5 The parametric eq’’n are
The parametric eq’’n are 𝑥 = −𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑥 = −𝑔 + 𝑟𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 = 3 + 5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
𝑦 = −𝑓 + 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
𝑦 = −𝑓 + 𝑟 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = −2 + 5 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
5. If 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟐𝒈𝒙 + 𝟐𝒇𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎 a circle with centre 6. If 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝒂𝒙 + 𝒃𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎 a circle with centre (2, 3)
(2, 3) then find (g, f) and its radius. then find a, b and its radius.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 + 2𝑓𝑦 − 12 = 0. Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 + 2𝑓𝑦 − 12 = 0.
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (2, 3) ⇨ 𝑔 = −2, 𝑓 = −3 𝒂 𝒃
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 (− 𝟐 , − 𝟐) = (2, 3) ⇨ 𝑎 = −4, 𝑏 = −6
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √32 + 22 + 12
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄
=√9 + 4 + 12 = √25 = 5

= √32 + 22 + 12

=√9 + 4 + 12 = √25 = 5

7. Find a if 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝒂𝒚𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟏 = 𝟎 represents a 8. Find the value of a and b if

circle and also find its radius. 𝒂𝒙𝟐 + 𝒃𝒙𝒚 + 𝟑𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟐𝒚 − 𝟑 = 𝟎 represents a circle
Sol: Given eq’’n represents a circle then and also find its radius.
⇨ 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑥 2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑦 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑜𝑓 𝑥𝑦 = 0 Sol: Given eq’’n represents a circle then
⇨𝑎 = 2 ⇨ 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑥 2 = 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑦 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑐𝑜𝑒𝑓𝑓. 𝑜𝑓 𝑥𝑦 = 0
⇨2𝑥 2 + 2𝑦 2 − 3𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 1 = 0 (÷ 2) ⇨𝑎 = 3 b=0
3 1
⇨𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 + 1𝑦 + = 0. ⇨3𝑥 2 + 3𝑦 2 − 5𝑥 + 2𝑦 − 3 = 0 (÷ 3)
2 2 5 2 3
3 1 ⇨𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 𝑥 + 𝑦 − = 0.
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = ( , ) 3 3 3
4 2 5 1
3 2 1 2 1
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (6 , − 3)
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √( ) + ( ) +
4 2 2 5 2 1 2
9 4 8 21 √21
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √(6) + (3) + 1
=√16 + 16 + 16 = √16 = 4 25 1 1 25 4 36 √65
=√36 + 9 + 1 = √36 + 36 + 36 = 6

Aims Tutorial Student name:

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9. If the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝒂 = 𝟎 has radius 4 then 10. If the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟔𝒚 + 𝒄 = 𝟎 has radius 6, then
find a. find a.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 𝑎 = 0. Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 + 6𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0.
𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (2, −3) 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆(−𝒈, −𝒇) = (2, −3)
𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √22 + 32 − 𝑎 = 4 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔(𝒓) = √𝒈𝟐 + 𝒇𝟐 − 𝒄 = √22 + 32 − 𝑐 = 6
𝑺. 𝑶. 𝑩 𝑺. 𝑶. 𝑩
⇨4 + 9 − 𝑎 = 16⇨𝑎 = 13 − 16 ⇨4 + 9 − 𝑐 = 36⇨𝑐 = 13 − 36
∴𝑎 = −3
∴𝑐 = −23

11. Find the value of k if the length of the tangent from (5, 4) 12. Find the value of k if the length of the tangent from (2, 5)
𝟐 𝟐
to 𝒙 + 𝒚 + 𝟐𝒌𝒚 = 𝟎 𝒊𝒔 𝟏. to 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 + 𝒌 = 𝟎 𝒊𝒔 √𝟑𝟕.
2 2
Sol: The length of tangent from (5, 4)to the circle 𝑥 + 𝑦 + Sol: The length of tangent from (2, 5)to the circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 −
2𝑘𝑦 = 0 𝑖𝑠 √𝑆11 = 1 𝑺. 𝑶. 𝑩 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 𝑘 = 0 𝑖𝑠 √𝑆11 = √𝟑𝟕 𝑺. 𝑶. 𝑩
2 2
⇨𝑆11 = 1 ⇨ 5 + 4 + 2𝑘(4) = 1 ⇨𝑆11 = 37 ⇨ 22 + 52 − 5(2) + 4(5) + 𝑘 = 37
⇨25 + 16 + 8𝑘 = 1 ⇨ 8𝑘 = 1 − 41 ⇨4 + 25 − 10 + 20 + 𝑘 = 37 ⇨ 39 + 𝑘 = 37
⇨8𝑘 = −40 ⇨ 𝑘 = −5 ⇨𝑘 = 37 − 39 ⇨ 𝑘 = −2

13. Find the length of the tangent from (1, 3) to 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 14. Find the length of the chord formed by 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝒂𝟐 on
𝟐𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟏𝟏 = 𝟎. the line 𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜶 + 𝒚𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜶 = 𝒑.
2 2
Sol: The length of tangent from (1, 3)to the circle 𝑥 + 𝑦 − Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 = 𝑎2
2𝑥 + 4𝑦 − 11 = 0 𝑖𝑠 √𝑆11 𝑪𝒆𝒏𝒕𝒓𝒆 = (𝟎, 𝟎) , 𝑹𝒂𝒅𝒊𝒖𝒔 = 𝒓
= √12 + 32 − 2(1) + 4(3) − 11 =√1 + 4 − 2 + 12 − 11 Given line 𝒙𝒄𝒐𝒔𝜶 + 𝒚𝒔𝒊𝒏𝜶 − 𝒑 = 𝟎 … . . (𝟏)
⊥𝑙𝑎𝑟 𝑑𝑖𝑠𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑐𝑒 𝑓𝑟𝑜𝑚 (0, 0) 𝑡𝑜 (1)𝑖𝑠 𝑑 = 𝑝
= √4 = 2
length of the chord = 𝟐√𝒓𝟐 − 𝒅𝟐 = 𝟐√𝒓𝟐 − 𝒑𝟐

15. Find the value of k if the points (4, 2), (k, -3) are conjugate 16. Find the value of k if the points (4, k), (2,3) are conjugate
w.r.to to the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟓𝒙 + 𝟖𝒚 + 𝟔 = 𝟎. w.r.to to the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟏𝟕.
Sol: If the points (4, 2), (k, -3) are conjugate w.r.to circle S=0 Sol: If the points (4, 2), (k, -3) are conjugate w.r.to circle S=0
then 𝑆12 = 0 then 𝑆12 = 0
⇨𝑥1 𝑥2 + 𝑦1 𝑦2 + 𝑔(𝑥1 + 𝑥2 ) + 𝑓(𝑦1 + 𝑦2 ) + 𝑐 = 0 ⇨𝑥1 𝑥2 + 𝑦1 𝑦2 = 𝑟 2
5
⇨4(𝑘) + 2(−3) − 2 (4 + 𝑘)+4(2-3)+6=0 ⇨(4)(2) + (𝑘)(3) = 17
5𝑘 ⇨3𝑘 = 17 − 8
⇨ 4𝑘 − 6 − 10 − −4+6= 0
2 ⇨3𝑘 = 9
⇨ 8𝑘 − 20 − 5𝑘 − 8 = 0 ∴𝑘 = 3
28
⇨ 3𝑘 = 28 ⇨ 𝑘 = 3
17. S.T points (4, 2), (3, -5) are conjugate w.r.to circle 𝒙𝟐 + 18. S.T points (4, -2), (3, -6) are conjugate w.r.to circle 𝒙𝟐 +
𝒚𝟐 − 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟓𝒚 + 𝟏 = 𝟎. 𝒚𝟐 = 𝟐𝟒.

19. Find the equation of the circle passing through the point
(2, 3) and concentric with 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎.
Sol: The given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 15 = 0.
The eq’’n of the required concentric circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 𝑘 = 0. It passes through (2, 3)
⇨ 22 + 32 + 8(2) + 12(3) + 𝑘 = 0
⇨ 4 + 9 + 16 + 36 + 𝑘 = 0
⇨ 65 + 𝑘 = 0 ⇨ 𝒌 = −𝟔𝟓
∴ The eq’’n of the required concentric circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 − 65 = 0
20. Find the equation of the circle passing through the point
(-2, 14) and concentric with 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟔𝒙 − 𝟒𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎
Sol: The given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 12 = 0.
The eq’’n of the required concentric circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑦 − 4𝑦 + 𝑘 = 0. It passes through (2, 3)
⇨ (−2)2 + 142 − 6(−2) − 4(14) + 𝑘 = 0
⇨ 4 + 196 + 12 − 56 + 𝑘 = 0
⇨ 156 + 𝑘 = 0 ⇨ 𝒌 = −𝟏𝟓𝟔
∴ The eq’’n of the required concentric circle is
𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 6𝑥 − 4𝑦 − 156 = 0

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21. Find the equation of normal at (3, -4) on the circle 𝒙𝟐 + 22. S.T the line 𝒍𝒙 + 𝒎𝒚 + 𝒏 = 𝟎 is a normal to the circle S=0
𝒚𝟐 + 𝒙 + 𝒚 − 𝟐𝟒 = 𝟎. if and only if 𝒍𝒈 + 𝒎𝒇 = 𝒏.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 24 = 0. Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 2𝑔𝑥 + 2𝑓𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0.
𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒(−𝑔, −𝑓) = (− 2 ,
1 −1 1
) ⇨ 𝑔 = ,𝑓 =
1 𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒(−𝑔, −𝑓)
2 2 2
𝑖𝑓 𝑙𝑥 + 𝑚𝑦 + 𝑛 = 0 𝑖𝑠 𝑎 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑡𝑜 𝑆 = 0 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛
𝐺𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡 (𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (3, −4)
𝐶𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑟𝑒(−𝑔, −𝑓) lies on the line 𝑙𝑥 + 𝑚𝑦 + 𝑛 = 0
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛 𝑜𝑓 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑛𝑜𝑟𝑚𝑎𝑙 𝑎𝑡 𝑃(𝑥1 , 𝑦1) on 𝑆1 = 0 𝑖𝑠
⇨ 𝑙(−𝑔) + 𝑚(−𝑓) + 𝑛 = 0
(𝒙 − 𝒙𝟏 )(𝒚𝟏 + 𝒇) − (𝒚 − 𝒚𝟏 )(𝒙𝟏 + 𝒈) = 𝟎
1 1
∴ 𝑙𝑔 + 𝑚𝑓 = 𝑛
⇨(𝑥 − 3) (−4 + 2) − (𝑦 + 4) (3 + 2) = 0
7 7
⇨(𝑥 − 3) (− ) − (𝑦 + 4) ( ) = 0
2 2
⇨−𝑥 + 3 − 𝑦 − 4 = 0
∴𝑥 + 𝑦 + 1 = 0

23. Find the equation of the circle passing through (3, 4) and
having centre at (-3, 4).
Sol: Given centre C(-3, 4)=(a, b), point P(3, 4)
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠(𝑟) = 𝑐𝑝 = √(3 + 3)2 + (4 − 4)2 = 6
Required eq’’n (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 = (𝑟)2
⇨(𝑥 + 3)2 + (𝑦 − 4)2 = 62
⇨(𝑥 2 + 9 + 6𝑥) + (𝑦 2 + 16 − 8𝑦) = 36
∴ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 6𝑥 − 8𝑦 − 11 = 0.
24. Find the equation of the circle passing through origin and
having centre at (-4, -3).
Sol: Given centre C(-4, -3)=(a, b), point P(0, 0)
𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑖𝑢𝑠(𝑟) = 𝑐𝑝 = √(0 + 4)2 + (0 + 3)2 = √25 = 5
Required eq’’n (𝑥 − 𝑎)2 + (𝑦 − 𝑏)2 = (𝑟)2
⇨(𝑥 + 4)2 + (𝑦 + 3)2 = 52
⇨(𝑥 2 + 16 + 8𝑥) + (𝑦 2 + 9 + 6𝑦) = 25
∴ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 6𝑦 = 0.

25. Find the power of the point (5, -6) with respect to the
circle 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 + 𝟖𝒙 + 𝟏𝟐𝒚 + 𝟏𝟓 = 𝟎.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 8𝑥 + 12𝑦 + 15 = 0.
𝑝(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (5, −6)
𝑝𝑜𝑤𝑒𝑟 𝑜𝑓 𝑝(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) 𝑖𝑠 𝑆11
𝑆11 = 52 + (−6)2 + 8(5) + 12(−6) + 15
= 25 + 36 + 40 − 72 + 15 = 44
26. Locate the position of the point (3, 4) w.r.to the circle
𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟔𝒚 − 𝟏𝟐 = 𝟎.
Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 4𝑥 − 6𝑦 − 12 = 0.
𝑝(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (3, 4)
𝑛𝑜𝑤
𝑆11 = 32 + (4)2 − 4(3) − 6(4) − 12
= 9 + 16 − 12 − 24 − 12 = −23 < 0
∴ 𝑃(3, 4)𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑢𝑡 𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒.

27. Find the equation of the circle with(-4, 3), (3,-4) as ends 28. Show that A(3, -1) lies on the circle
of a diameter. 𝒙𝟐 + 𝒚𝟐 − 𝟐𝒙 + 𝟒𝒚 = 𝟎. Also find the other end of the
Sol: The equation of the circle with A(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) & 𝐵(𝑥2 , 𝑦2) diameter through A.
𝑖𝑠 (𝑥 − 𝑥1 )(𝑥 − 𝑥2 ) + (𝑦 − 𝑦1 )(𝑦 − 𝑦2 ) = 0 Sol: Given circle 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 − 2𝑥 + 4𝑦 = 0. centre(1, -2)
𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑝𝑜𝑖𝑛𝑡𝑠 𝐴(−4, 3), 𝐵(3, −4) 𝑝(𝑥1 , 𝑦1 ) = (3, −1)
⇨ (𝑥 + 4)(𝑥 − 3) + (𝑦 − 3)(𝑦 + 4) = 0 𝑛𝑜𝑤
⇨ 𝑥 2 − 3𝑥 + 4𝑥 − 12 + 𝑦 2 + 4𝑦 − 3𝑦 − 12 = 0 𝑆11 = 32 + (−1)2 − 2(3) + 4(−1)
∴ 𝑥 2 + 𝑦 2 + 𝑥 + 𝑦 − 24 = 0 = 9+1−6−4= 0
∴ 𝑃(3, 4)𝑙𝑖𝑒𝑠 𝑜𝑛 𝑡ℎ𝑒 𝑐𝑖𝑟𝑐𝑙𝑒.
Let B(𝑥2 , 𝑦2) be the other point
Midpoint of AB=C
𝑥1 +𝑥2 𝑦1 +𝑦2 3+𝑥2 −1+𝑦2
[ , ]=[ , ] = (1, −2)
2 2 2 2
⇨ 3 + 𝑥2 = 2 − 1 + 𝑦2 = −4
⇨ 𝑥2 = 2 − 3 𝑦2 = −4 + 1
B(𝑥2 , 𝑦2)= (−1, −3).

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