LAILA GUL

10039(CB)
SE432
HUMAN COMPUTER
INTERACTION
SUBMITTED TO: SIR SHAMS
FAll 2019
ASSIGNMENT NO 1
Question no 1 :What is meant by chunking in HCI?. Explain with an example.How
does chunking affect GUI design?

ANSWER: Chunking is a concept that originates from the field of cognitive psychology. UX
professionals can break their text and multimedia content into smaller chunks to help users
process, understand, and remember it better.
EXAMPLE
Chunking is a term referring to the process of taking individual pieces of information (chunks)
and grouping them into larger units. ... Probably the most common example of chunking occurs
in phone numbers. For example, a phone number sequence of 4-7-1-1-3-2-4 would
be chunked into 471-1324.
CHUNKING AFFECT GUI DESIGN:
It involves individuals grouping or lumping things together into units. It enables related
things chunk best leading to menu layouts. This enables the menus to try and stick to the limits
of the short term memory capacity of chunks.

Question no 2 :What are the input/output channels in human to sense the stimulus from the
environment and give the response. What are the factors which affects the visual perception of
human.

ANSWER:
Input in the human occurs mainly through the senses and output through the motor control of the
effectors.
There are of course five major senses:
Sight, hearing, touch, taste and smell.
The first three are the most important to HCI. Taste and smell do not currently play a significant role in
HCI, and it is not clear whether they could be exploited at all in general computer systems, although they
could have a role to play in more specialized systems (smells to give warning of malfunction,
The factors which affects the visual perception of human.
The factor which affects the visual perception of human is sense of hearing is viewed as secondary to that
of sight, but we tend to underestimate the amount of information that we receive through our ears. Close
your eyes for a moment and listen.
What sounds can you hear?
Where are they coming from?
What is making them?
For Example
We under estimate amount of info received via ears
Lets hear a few sounds
• Sound 1 of a Vehicle coming Towards you
• Sound 2 of a Vehicle going away from you

Question no 3 :What is meant by haptic perception. How this haptic perception

works ? Explain briefly.

Haptic perception (Greek: haptόs "palpable", haptikόs "suitable for touch") means literally the
ability "to grasp something". Perception in this case is achieved through the active exploration of
surfaces and objects by a moving subject, as opposed to passive contact by a static subject during
tactile perception.
Work of Haptic Perception:
Perception is a general term for the body's recognition of external signals from the environment.
Haptic perception refers to the way a person can gain information about his or her environment
through touch.
It involves skin sensors and receptors in other parts of the body like muscles, which recognize
sensations such as pressure.
These work together to send signals to the brain which interprets them to form a representation
of the environment for the person to understand.

Question no 4 : Based on your knowledge what roles HCI plays in our daily life. List
some of the major goals of HCI that affects direct or indirect the human
life.

HCI (human-computer interaction) is the study of how people interact with computers and to
what extent computers are or are not developed for successful interaction with human beings.
As its name implies, HCI consists of three parts:
the user,
the computer itself,
and the ways they work together.
List some of the major goals of HCI that affects direct or indirect the human
life.
The goals of HCI are to produce usable and safe systems,as well as functionalsystems.
These goals can be summarized as
“to develop or improve the safety”
utility,
effectiveness,
efficiency
And usability of systems that include computers' (Interacting with computers), Usability goals
To recap, usability in generally regarded as ensuring that interactive products are easy to learn,
Effective to use, and enjoyable from user perspective. It involves optimizing the interactions
people have with interactive product to enable them to carry out their activities at work, school,
and in their everyday life. More specifically, usability is broken down into the following goals
Effective to use (effectiveness)
Efficient to use (efficiency)
Safe to use(safety)
Have good utility (utility)
Easy to learn (learnability)
Easy to remember how to use (memorability)

Question no 5 :Explain HCI relationships with other disciplines as given in figure.

Good luck

Answer:
Artificial Intelligence:
Artificial Intelligence (AI) is concerned with the design of intelligent computer programs which
simulate different aspects of intelligent human behavior. The relationship of AI to HCI is mainly
concerned with user’s needs when interacting with an intelligent interface. These include, for
example, the use of natural language and speech as a way of communicating with a system and
the need for system to explain and justify its advice.
Computer Science:
One of the main contributions of computer science to HCI is to provide knowledge about the
capabilities of technology and ideas about how this potential can be harnessed. In addition,
computer scientists have been concerned about developing various kinds of techniques to support
software design,
development and maintenance. In particular, there has been a strong interest in automating
design and development when feasible.
Engineering and design:
Engineering is an applied science, which relies heavily on model building and empirical testing.
Design contributes creative skills and knowledge to this process. In many respects the greatest
influence of engineering on HCI and subsequently on interface and system development is
through software engineering.
Social and Organizational psychology Social psychology is concerned with studying the nature
and causes of human behavior in a social context. Vaske and Grantham identify the four core
concerns of social psychology as:
The influence of one individual on another person’s attitudes and behavior.
The impact of a group on its members’ attitude and behavior.
The impact of a member on a group’s activities and structure