EINDRA

Anatomy
Class Test Question Collection
1/2019 Batcch
 Anatomy 1

Class Test Question Collection

No Topic Page Number

1. General Anatomy 2

2. Thorax 5

3. Upper Limbs 7

4. Lower Limbs 8

5. Abdomen 9

6. Head & Neck 12

7. Neuroanatomy 13

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Class Test Question Collection

General Anatomy

UM-1

1. Define bone. Describe the classification of bone with examples.

2. Draw and describe the histological feature of thin skin.

3. Define fertilization. Discuss the process, phases and results of fertilization

including its clinical significance.

4. Describe the formation of somite and its derivatices.

5. Add note : Chromosomal analysis

6. Add note : Histological differences between artery and vein

UM-2

1. Define fascia and function of deep fascia.

2. Describe about the ovarian cycle and its applied anatomy.

3. Give brief account on formation of brachial plexus and its posterior cord with
applied.

4. Add note : histology of neurone.

UMM

1. A 22 years old male was admitted to emergency department after an

automobile crash. He complained of pain in his right knee and leg. Physical
examination revealed fractures of bones of the leg. After radiographic
examination, fractures on shaft of both tibia and fibula were confirmed and
also fracture of patella was identified.

a. Define a bone.

b. Give morphological classification of bones.

c. Give peculiarities of sesamoid bones.

d. Give examples of sesamoid bones.

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e. Name the arteries supplying young long bone.

f. Give medicolegal importance of bones.

g. Name different types of epiphysis giving one example of each.

h. What are the functions of bones?

2. An alcoholic pregnant woman at 29th week of gestation came to the Central

Women Hospital with chief complaint of bleeding per Vagina. After complete
examination, she was diagnosed as antenatal bleeding due to placenta previa
and emergency lower segment caesarean section was done. The placenta
and membrane were checked and the 2kg baby boy was transferred to the
neonatal unit.

a. What is the placenta previa?

b. Why were the placenta and membrane checked?

c. Describe about the gross anatomy of the placenta.

d. Describe about the formation of the placenta.

e. Enumerate the functions of placenta.

f. What is the placenta barrier?

g. Can alcohol affect the foetus? Why and how ?

h. What are the features of 29th week old foetus?

i. What is the viable child?

j. What is the normal birth weight ?

3. Describe the histology of thin skin.

4. What are the sex chromatin bodies? Describe how can be identified them and
application of the knowledge of sex chromatin bodies in clinical practices.

5. (a) What is the endocrine system? Name the endocrine organs and their
secretions.

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(b) Describe the different types of neurons according to their processes and
the functional significance of these neurons.

UMMG

1. Discuss the characteristic features of synovial joint and the factors

influencing its stability.

2. What are four primary tissues of the body? Draw and describe the histological
features of structural unit of nervous system.

3. Define gastrulation. Describe the formation of secondary mesoderm and its

derivatives.

4. A married couple comes to your clinic for consultation because the wife is
suffering from nausea and vomiting for two weeks. She has missed her
periods(amenorrhoea) for two times. They have married for a year and have
never practiced contraception. There is no relevant medical or surgical
history.

On examination, she is 5’ 2’’ tall, 135 lbs weigh, pulse rate 78/min and blood
pressure 110/70 mmHg. Cardiovascular and respiratory systems are normal.
On abdominal examination, abdomen is soft, no tenderness and no mass is
palpable. Her urine UCG test is positive.

a. What will be the possible diagnosis?

b. What are the points for your diagnosis?

c. Name the most relevant investigation to confirm your diagnosis?

d. Define fertilization. Discuss its phases with the aid of a diagram.

e. What are the main results of fertilization.

5. Add note on

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a. Teratogenesis OR Development of placenta

b. Turner’s $ OR X-linked dominant inheritance

UMTG

1. Describe briefly the fibrous joint.

2. With the help of diagram, classify the exocrine gland.

3. Define Ovulation.

a. What are the symptoms of ovulation?

b. Which compound can inhibit the ovulation?

c. Which compounds can artificially stimulated the ovulation?

d. What are the causes of infertility in woman?

4. In case of X-linked inheritance :

a. In a marriage of affected father and unaffected mother, they gave birth

two sons and two daughters, which child will be affected and which
child will be affected and which child will be unaffected?

b. In a marriage of unaffected father and affected mother, they gave birth

two sons and two daughters, what will be the results?

c. Mention the characters of X-lined dominant inheritance.

d. Name two examples of sex-linked dominant disorders and sex-linked

recessive disorders.

5. Add notes :

a. Gross differences between artery and vein OR Cartilagenous joint

b. Derivitives of the mesoderm OR Yolk sac

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Thorax

UM-1

1. ( a ) What is mediastinum? List the contents in the superior mediastinum.

( b ) State the gross anatomy of one structure found in this superior

mediastinum.

2. Add note : the embryology of Vertebral Column.

3. Add note : Mechanism of respiration.

UM-2

1. 70 years old patient U Ba was a heavy smoker over 50 years. He was admitted
to hospital presenting symptom with severe chest pain and coughing up
blood ( haemoptysis ), loss of weight, loss of appetite, dyspnea,
fatigue one physical sign ( finger clubbing ) and two abnormal investigation
results ( thrombocytosis and abnormal spirometry ) were associated with
lung cancer.

On examination, Chest X-ray showed a mass shadow with central cavity area
in the middle region the right lung.

Computed tomography ( CT ) reveal the areas of lung tissue with cancer.

a. What is usually the first sign of lung cancer ?

b. Give one of the risk factor for lung cancer.

c. Give the clinical features of lung cancer in this case.

d. Describe the surface anatomy of apex and anterior margin of lungs.

e. Explain the bronchopulmonary segment.

f. Name the bronchopulmonary segments of right and left lung.

2. Give brief account on differences between sympathetic and parasympathetic

nervous system.

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3. Add note : Histology of respiratory part of lung.

4. Add note : Congenital anomalies of aortic arches.

UMM

1. An elderly patient presented with a pulsating swelling protruding from the

upper margin of the sternum. On examination, the sign of tracheal tug (
abnormal downward movement of trachea during systole that can indicate
dilatation of aortic arch ) was positive. Tlhe CT scan of chest and aortic
angiography showed localized dilatation of aortic arch.

Answer the following questions :

a. Name the clinical condition.

b. In which part of mediastinum is the arch of aorta located ?

c. Name the structures which are likely to be compressed by the dilated

aortic arch.

d. Give the developmental sources of the arch of aorta.

e. Describe the relations of the arch of aorta with the help of diagrams.

f. Name the connection between the arch of aorta and the left pulmonary
artery in the fetus and in the adult.

g. Name the clinical condition of constricted aortic arch and its types.

2. Describe how could histologically identify the components structures of lung

tissue and clinical importance of each components structures.

3. Name the germ cells origins of vertebral column development and describe
about the congenital anomalies with their developmental failure during the
sequences of development.

4. Add note : Blood supply of the heart.

5. Add note : Mechanics of respiration.

UMMG

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1. Describe briefly the blood supply of the heart and its significance.

2. Add note : Congenital anomalies of vertebral column.

UMTG

1. Add note : Changes in the vascular system after birth.

2. Describe briefly the difference between the sympathetic and parasympathetic

nervous system.

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Upper Limbs

UM-2

1. An athlete who experiences a dislocated shoulder usually following a fall on

the out-stretched arm will develop immediate pain and an inability to move the
arm. Typically, the player holds his arm at the side. There is usually a
deformity of the shoulder with fullness that can felt by the examining athletic
trainer or physician.

a. Describe the structure of the shoulder joint.

b. Relate the structure of the shoulder joint to its function.

c. Explain how dislocations may occur.

d. Explain how the rotator cuff prevent dislocations.

2. Add note : anastomosis around the scapula.

UMM

1. A 53-year old man while riding on motor cycle met with a head on collision
with the truck on a national highway. He was thrown off the motorcycle and
fell with an impact on his back some distance away from the site of accident.
On being rushed to the casualty, radiological examination revealed multiple
fractures of left scapula.

Answer the following questions.

a. Name the nerve that is intimate contact with the scapula

b. Describe the origin, course and distribution of the nerve.

c. Enumerate movements of scapula mentioning the muscles producing

them.

d. Which arteries are liable to injury in scapular fracture?

e. What are the arteries forming the scapular anastomosis?

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f. What is the importance of scapular anastomosis?

2. Describe about the nerves responsible for functional activities of the hand and
how the functional impairments of the hand would be presented in case of
these nerves lesion.

3. Describe how the arteries of the free upper limb are termed according to their
locations and whereabouts to identify their pulsations.

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Lower Limbs

UM-2

1. Describe about the femoral triangle and its clinical importance.

2. Name the structures under cover of gluteus maximus and describe brief
account on sciatic nerve and its applied anatomy.

UMM

1. A few days following the removal of plaster cast for fracture of the upper end
of left fibula, the patient complained of loss of sensation on the intermediate
area of the dorsum of foot including toes except the lateral side of little toe.
On examination, it was noticed that the patient was unable to dorsiflex and
evert the left foot.

a. Name the nerve that is injured ( by pressure of plaster cast ) in this

patient.

b. Where can this nerve be palpated?

c. Name the deformity in which the foot cannot be dorsiflexed.

d. Inability to dorsiflex the foot is due to loss of function of which portion

of nerve in leg?

e. Describe the course and distribution of that portion of nerve.

2. Describe briefly about the ankle joint with its applied anatomy.

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Abdomen

UM-1

1. A 45 years old man complains of discomfort in his right upper thigh over past
6 months. He works in garden department of a home improvement center. On
examination, there is tenderness at the right inguinal area. When the patient
performs a bearing to increase intra-abdominal pressure ( Valsalva maneuver
), a bulge appears superior to the inguinal crease near the pubic bone.

a. What is the most likely diagnosis?

b. What is the anatomical defect associated with this condition?

c. Describe the anatomy of this region with diagram.

d. Explain the normal closing way of this area.

e. Differentiate 2 types of this condition depend on age, sex, occupation,

predisposing causative factors & diagnostic points.

2. Describe the histological feature of general plan of gastrointestinal tract with

diagram.

3. Add note : the embryology of Adult Kidney.

4. Add note : support of uterus with clinical importance.

UM-2

1. Explain the Nine regions of abdomen and describe about appendix and its
clinical importance.

2. Draw the diagram and give brief account on histological appearance of liver.

3. Describe about the support of uterus and its clinical importance.

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4. Give brief account on development of pancreas and its congenital anomaly.

5. 26 year old female presented in emergency room complaining of a two week

history of right flank pain. She has history of renal stone for two years ago. In
physical examination, tenderness at right costophrenic angle. Intravenous
pyelography showed right hydronephrosis which had stone at pelvicalices
region.

a. Name the possible diagnosis of this case.

b. Give anterior relations of right kidney.

c. Explain blood supply of kidney.

d. Give surface anatomy of Bordel’s line.

e. Give any one complication of this case.

UMM

1. A middle aged man habituated to alcohol consumption was rushed to hospital

because he had severe bout of blood vomiting ( Haematemesis ). Physical
examination revealed caput medusa and splenomegaly. The history of chronic
alcoholism, symptoms and signs are indicative of obstruction to blood flow in
a major blood Bessel in the abdominal cavity.

a. Name the blood vessel that is involved.

b. Describe formation, course and termination of this blood vessel.

c. What are the peculiar features of this vessel.

d. Give the anatomical basis of haematemesis and caput medusa.

e. What are the sites of the porto-caval anastomosis ? Name also the
portal and systemic veins forming these anastomoses.

f. What is the importance of the porto-caval anastomosis?

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2. With the aid of diagram , describe about the histology of nephron.

3. Explain the development of midgut and its congenital anomalies.

4. Describe briefly about ischioanal fossa with its applied anatomy.

UMMG

1. A 17 year old boy was brought to the hospital with complaints of acute pain
around the umbilicus, fever and vomiting. On examination, the surgeon found
the area of maximum tenderness at the McBurney’s point. The Psoas test
was positive.

a. Name the clinical condition.

b. Give the surface marking of McBurney’s point. What is the importance

of this point?

c. Name the different positions of the affected organ mentioning the

most common position.

d. Describe the arterial supply of the affected organ ?

e. Which organ is called the Abdominal tonsil and why ?

f. What is the anatomical basis of psoas test ?

2. Describe the development of the kidneys and their anomalies.

3. Draw and describe the histology of pancreas.

4. Add note : Locations of porto systemic anastomosis and their clinical

significance.

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UMTG

1. With the help of diagram, outline the histology of general plan of GI tract. Give
the peculiar histological features of different part of GI tract.

2. Give a brief account on ischioanal fossa.

3. A 30 year old female presented to the emergency department complaining of

abdominal pain. The pain started 48 hour ago diffusely in the umbilical region
and subsequently migrated to the right iliac fossa. She had associated
nausea, vomiting and loss of appetite. There was no alteration in bowel
habits. The patient was otherwise healthy and has not undergone any
previous pelvic surgeries.

On physical examination , the patient was febrile ( 39 degree Celsius ) and

tachycardiac. Abdominal examination revealed localized tenderness as well
as rebound tenderness at the McBurney point in the right iliac fossa.
Laboratory findings showed urine pregnancy test was negative. A definite
diagnosis of acute appendicitis was made.

a. Where do you find McBurney point ?

b. Name the position of appendix. Which position is most common?

c. During the operation, how do you find the appendix ?

d. Describe the nine region of abdomen.

4. Add note : Anomalies of midgut.

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Head & Neck

UM-1

1. Give a brief account of the development of first pharyngeal arch, pouch and
cleft with congenital anomalies.

2. Describe briefly about the cavernous sinus with communications and clinical
importance.

3. Add note : extra-cranial course of facial nerve and lesions.

UMMG

1. A student yawned during afternoon anatomy lecture class. To his dismay he

could not close the mouth. His jaw was stuck.

a. Name the joint that is dislocated.

b. Give the type of this joint and the name of the bones taking part in it.

c. Draw the diagram and describe which bone is mobile in this

articulation?

d. Name the type of cartilage present in the articular disk. How does
articular disc divide the joint cavity. What is its significance?

e. Name the movements of the joint and the muscles responsible for
them.

f. What is the commonest type of dislocation of this joint and how would
you reduce it ?

2. Draw and describe the histological feature of pituitary gland.

3. Add note : pharyngeal pouches and abnormalities.

UMTG

1. Describe the gross anatomy of parotid gland.

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2. Explain the development of face and its congenital anomalies.

3. Add note : Nerve supply of tongue.

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Neuroanatomy

UM-1

1. Explain about cross section of spinal cord at thoracic level with contained
tracts.

2. Discuss the histological feature of cerebrum.

3. Add notes : visual reflexes.

UMMG

1. Give a brief account on the developmental process of spinal cord and its
anomalies.

2. Discuss the lateral corticospinal tract with illustrations. Differntiate upper

motor neuron lesion from lower motor neuron lesion.

3. Add note : pathway of cerebrospinal fluid circulation.

UMTG

1. Discuss the blood supply of the cerebrum and its clinical significance.

2. With the help of diagram, briefly describe the histological features of

cerebellum.

3. Add note : Brown-Sequard Syndrome .

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