MICRO ECONOMICS REPORT

Airlift and Swvl overtaking bus networks in Karachi

Unsa Akber Ali

BBA 2 - 5860
 Table of Contents

Sl No Particulars Page
no

1 Introduction 3

2 Application of economic theories

3 Critical analysis

4 Solutions

5 Conclusions
Introduction
Due to the failure of federal and provincial governments to complete the bus transit system and
due to the deteriorating condition of bus networks in Pakistan, local and international players
have opted for a huge business opportunity in Karachi’s transport as two ride sharing services
have launched their van and bus services in Karachi. These two services are Airlift and SWVL.
These two services are now offering more than 800 such vans and coasters to Karachities and
their number is expected to rise within few months. These both services are fast and reliable
daily commutes which are being booked by its customers through their app for a safe commute.
Airlift and SWVL enables people to make premium quality commutes at reliable time, cost effect
price – Airlift ( Rs 50 per ride ) , SWVL ( Rs 20 per ride). These bus services are a productive
solution for those people who go to work, universities or outdoor daily. Both of these services
come under the domain of reliability, punctuality and affordability which can be seen as
overtaking the bus networks in Karachi through their premium services and affordable price.

Critical Analysis
1) Critical analysis on government and its transport policies:
The transport sector is one of the most important elements of an economy which can help an
economy grow and also reduce poverty. For almost 60 years, public transport policy makers have
formulated many different policies for public transport development in Pakistan. But these
policies make little sense. The federal government has never denied the importance of public
transport in Pakistani cities. However, the government shifted the responsibility for public
transport to provincial governments in the early 1960s. s. On the other hand, the federal
government shared the responsibility for road building with the provinces where the cost of the
project was beyond the capacity of the provincial and local governments. As the provincial and
local transport institutional capacity was obviously lacking in the Pakistani context, either the
federal government provided finance for building roads, or the federal government built roads
on their own account. In contrast, the federal government has neither provided finance for the
operation of adequate public transport in urban areas nor operated by themselves or improved
the capacity of the provincial transport authorities. However, the federal government helped
provincial governments transfer the operational responsibility for public transport to the private
sector. In the absence of human resources, coordination, research, and financial capacity of
public transport institutions ,public transport has now become fully the prerogative of the
private sector. The incomplete routes, high fares, fewer-than-needed buses, gender
discrimination, and even absence of buses in some places is common in Karachi. The
government has a significant role to play in defining policy, developing a national level
coordination and local level implementation, accessing adequate investment, and building
technical and professional capacity for public transport. This situation is not present in Karachi ;
therefore, all policies for deregulation and privatization failed over time.

2) Critical analysis on Airlift and SWVL.

Although both Airlift and SWVL both are safe and reliable commute with premium services
provided to its customers but both of these services operations are only found in Lahore and
Karachi , other cities don’t have access to these bus services and also in Karachi there are limited
routes I which these services are operational , many areas don’t have access to Airlift and Swvl
that is why they have to choose their pickup point far away from their actual pickup points , also
because there is limited competition , Airlift and Swvl should also launch its services in other
cities of Pakistan to take advantage of the monopoly market structure and easily dominate the
market of private bus transport.

The Citizen Foundation is a non-profit organization which was established in

August 1995 by Ahsan M. Saleem – TCF’s Founder Director, Ateed Riaz – TCF’s
Chairman & Founder Director and Mushtaq K. Chappra – TCF’s Founder Director.
TCF is one of the largest privately owned network of low cost schools in Pakistan
and one of the professionally managed charitable organization that builds and runs
schools providing free education to a number of girls and boys across Pakistan’s
rural and urban areas. TCF was formed in Pakistan to improve the education of
teenagers and children’s in Pakistan to solve the problem of population explosion,
poverty, unemployment and low literacy rate. The Foundation operates a network
of 1,567 school units, educating 252,000 students through 12,000 teachers and
principals, with over 17,400 employees. Approximately 94% of the Foundation's
expenditure is allocated to the Education program.The main focus of TCF is on
Education, Economic independence and Women empowerment.

1.Vision
TCF carries a vision of positive change by educating children of both
genders and treating them equally to remove the barriers of class and
privilege to make the citizens of Pakistan agents of positive change.It can be
seen implementing positive change by rebuilding life’s of those who wish to
chase their dreams and prosper in their professional life.

2.Mission
The main mission of TCF is providing education through the power of quality
education enabling moral, spiritual and intellectual enlightenment and to
brighten the future of the students by giving them the opportunity to build their
own career.Tcf can be seen achieving its mission by looking at the quality
education , purpose built schools and knowledge it provides to its students but it
should work on hiring of its teacher and also their training.

3.Values
TCF carries three main values:
Integrity, Ownership and continuous improvement
 Summer Camp
2 weeks internship:
CAMPUS:
TCF School Feroza Hasham Campus Liaqabad Landhi

SUPERVISORS:
 1. Sarah Imran
2. Ayesha Mansoor

Senior Volunteers:
1 .Alam Khan
2.Mehak Amin
3.Muhammad Saddiq Jan

Volunteers:
1. Zain ul Islam Siddiqui
2. Zainab Shujaat
3. Zehra Haider
4. Unsa Akbar
5. Mustafa Aftab
6. Arham Siddqui
7. Faiza Qayum
8. Rija Agha
9. Sunyah Javed
10. Aleena Chughtai
11. Fatima Mustafa
12. Areeba
13. Fatima Sattar
14. Muhammad Umair
15. Tehreem Asif
 16. Momna Nasir
17. Insharah Ayub
18. Saim Saudagar
19. Razi Ahmed
20. Shan Ali
21. Zainab Zahid
22. Uzair Shakeel
23. Ayeza Abbasi
24. Rija Akbar
25. Sana Ahmed
26. Varisha Malik
27. Yumna Niaz
28. Ifrah Salim
29. Muhammad Talha
30. Faiza Qayum
31. Mahnoor Rehan
32. Mahiba
33. Faraz Nasir
34. Kaif Ayaz
35. Alisha Fatima

Sports Group (Grade 4 and 5)

1. Unsa Akber
 2. Muhammad Umair Tasleem
3. Insharah Ayub
4. Zain ul Islam

Week 1:
DAY 1
The first day of internship started with introduction of supervisors, senior
volunteers and volunteers. It was the first briefing session in which our
supervisors firstly introduced themselves with a weird fact of them and asked us
to do the same. It was a quite interesting session as everyone’s weird fact was
different and hilarious too. Then, the supervisors divided overall volunteers into
groups according to the volunteers will for the particular modules. There were
four modules English, Sports (outdoor and indoor), Theatre and Arts and Craft.

I, along with 3 other members was allotted to the sports module of 4 and 5
grade which consisted of both indoor and outdoor sports activities. After that
our supervisors divided the time according to the volunteers guide book such
that there was enough time for the final day closing ceremony and its
preparations. On the first day there was no indoor sports activity due to shortage
of time instead there was only outdoor activity in which we played cricket with
both girls and boys to break the ice and know our children better. We played
cricket by dividing students into 2 teams and also guiding them how to hit the
ball and do bowling.
The first day ended with a debriefing session in which we all discussed how to
make our students enjoy the summer camp and also how to encourage students
more effectively.

DAY 2:
The day again started with a briefing session where our supervisors told us to
encourage our students to bring their siblings and other closed ones who are
registered through TCF to take part in the summer camp so that the strength of the
summer camp increased.
For outdoor activity I and my group decided to have football. We formed a circle
with our students and firstly played catch catch with them while at the same time
we also formed two teams for the game. Then the game started and we told our
students how to dodge the ball. Students were very passionate and enthusiastic for
football. After the outdoor activity we had indoor activity in which we agreed upon
not having any stem activity instead we played Ludo with students. Students came
in a group of 4 to 5 and showed keen interest in Ludo .Day 2 ended better than day
1 as our supervisors divided a bunch of students into different groups which were
easily to handle.

DAY 3
According to the guide book we had race on this day for outdoor so we divided the
overall students consisting of girls and boys into 2 different teams and had relay
race and guided them how they had to do the race with good speed. The team who
won the race was given a round of applause.

For indoor activity our supervisors told us to have a stem activity known as
‘‘catapult’’ in which students were asked to make a catapult with the help of
Popsicle sticks, rubber bands and bottle caps. Students from each group were
shown a sample of catapult which volunteers had made and students with the help
of volunteers made exciting catapult and made it attractive by writing their names.
These catapults were then to be exhibited in the closing ceremony.
In debriefing session supervisors told that they were glad everyone was doing well
and praised volunteers for their hard work.

Day 4:
On this day we decided to let students decide what they wanted to play and they
told us that boys wanted to play cricket whereas girls were interested in playing
KhoKho and baraf pani which was then approved by our supervisors.
For indoor activity students made planes. Everyone made planes with different
techniques while some of them were confused and needed our guidance. The
students who made a better looking plane with less time were selected for the
closing ceremony. After having students make planes we along with students flew
the plane. This activity took less time and as time was left so we made students
play hangman in which they had to guess the word. Hangman turned out to be a
very interesting game for students.

DAY 5
As it was Friday so our supervisors excluded outdoor activity due to shortage of
time and for indoor activity we had maze which was made by every student by
complex method but they ended up having marbles pass from start to end of plate.

DAY 6
It was the last day of week 1 so boys had their football session with Umair and
Zain in which they told important football techniques and how to dodge the ball
and prepared them for the final football match. Girls practiced simple race and 3
legged race and it was a chaotic day as everyone wanted to select partners on their
own which took a lot of time.
For indoor activity we had platform which turned out to be a disaster as it was
difficult to make and there were quarrels amongst group members as they did not
wanted to work with each other but we solved the issue and students made
platforms with the help of wooden sticks better than our sample platform which us
– the volunteers made.

Week 2:
DAY 1:
It was a very chaotic and disastrous day as new groups were formed and every
group came at the same time which was difficult for us to manage so other
volunteers also came to help us .Outdoor activity for boys was cricket where the
teams were made for the tournament and girls had their racing and preparation for
the final race.Indoor activity was tough because of managing a large number of
students at a time as it was our last stem activity according to guide book which
was to make “bridge” everyone worked together in team and made different kind
of bridges using wooden sticks. After completing bridge, students were asked to
paint their “maze” which was day 5 activity.

DAY 2:
It was the tournament day. Cricket match took place between 2 different teams
with Zain and Umair being the captain of the teams. Umair’s team won the match
and the best player was Kashif because of his outstanding bowling and batting in
the match on the other hand girls had their final flag race in which Kainat, Muskan
and Anzalna won the race. Their names were noted to give them gifts on the last
day of the camp.
For indoor activity students insisted on playing Hangman and also jumbled words.

DAY 3:
It was the final race day in which girls had their final 3 legged race and three
different teams won the race and their names were written for gifts.
For indoor activity students insisted on playing Hangman and also jumbled words.

DAY 4:
Boys had their final football match between the same teams of Umair and
Zain.Babar was named the best player; he showed some good skills and techniques
and he was quick among all with the ball even after being shortheighted among his
team and opponents. The losing team of cricket match it was the last sports session
we played Ludo with our students.

DAY 5:
As only one day was left for the closing ceremony so our supervisors made
students rehearse for closing ceremony and sports teachers were busy in making
goodie bags and making list of winners of specific tournament.

Day 6:
It was the last day of the camp so closing ceremony was held where different acts
and skits took place also the stem activities which students made were exhibited.
Some students also danced on cultural songs and sang songs. At the end of the day
students were given certificates and goodie bags and chocolates for winners
whereas volunteers were also provided with certificates. When we were about to
leave all students hugged me and told me to come again in the camp and also gave
cards.
Business Model:
Tcf’s model consists of 8 parts.
Firstly the model illustrates that their business is here to serve the needy through
quality education and knowledge. Secondly, to provide education to the needy they
have located their schools in urban slums to make it convenient for the people to
come at the school without spending money on transport. Thirdly, they have
purpose built schools all around the country which provides same facilities and
environment as other government schools. Fourthly, tcf believes in gender equality
therefore there are equal number of employees, principals and teachers working in
both the head office and its schools. Fifthly, their schools provide a high quality of
education throughout the country ensuring that students are not discriminated
based on the education standard when they apply for jobs or universities. Then
comes the student development and alumni support in which they prepare their
students for university entrance tests and also prepare their alumni’s to apply for
 further job. Most importantly their model includes uplifting the whole community
by ensuring that the illiteracy level in the country is absolutely minimized to make
the country a better place to live and to make the economy more strong by ensuring
brotherhood, cooperation and a sense of support. Lastly, it provides professional
management to its alumni by ensuring that they excel in whatever career they opt.

Organization Structure:

Board of Directors

President and CEO

Syed Asaad Ayub
Ahmed

VP Outcomes Chief Information VP Finance, CPO

Officer And Company
Riaz Ahmed
Kamlani Saif Shafi
Secretary
Khawaja Bakhtiar

Head of IT
Naveed Younus
 GM –Grants GM Finance
Sadaf Rehman Nadeem Maqbool

Ahmed

Head of HR
Financial
Saira Chaudhary a Controller
Abdul Rauf

Head of Education A
Manager Accounts
Unaiza Ayub
and financial
Analysts

Head of Quality Jamal Ahmed Khan

Assurance
oyuiyuiyi
Executive Advisor
Ambreen Zaheer
CDU and Grants
J
Amna Khalid
Head of
Volunteers and
Alumni
Head of Internal
Faiza Aziz
Head Office: Audit
Abdul Hareem
Day 1: Dawood

After the summer camp ended I did one week internship at tcf’s head office. It was
my first day at the head office and as I reached the office I was told to meet Mam
Sidra –Assistant Manager Volunteer program. When we reached there she allotted
everyone to different departments and I was allotted to her department i.e. the
Volunteer department under mam Sidra’s supervision. After half an hour she came
to her table where I was sitting and started using her cellphone. Being embarrassed
by the situation I asked her what will be my responsibilities, to that she started
asking me if she had missed out any intern present at that time from the list. I
checked the list and no one was missing. Then she told me that I will have to work
on the excel sheets and that she was currently working on Rahbar Programme and I
had to do the same. Then she continued her work and then I asked what I was
supposed to do today to that she replied that you should go home as there was no
laptop available and that you will have to bring your laptop from tomorrow and
you are free for today. As I waited for my car, luckily I got some internship letter
work from Moiz – an intern at volunteer department responsible for internship
Letter to be handed over to the volunteers.

Day 2:
Taking my personal laptop I reached the office sharp at 10:00 am and sat at my
chair for almost 2 hours waiting for Mam Sidra as I thought she might come late.
After wasting my precious 2 hours I went to another person working in the
volunteer department – Sir Hussam to ask at what time does MamSidra reach
office to that he replied that normally she reaches late but she won’t be coming
today and that you should go home as there is not any work to give you as you are
not under under my supervision. Hearing that I took mam Sidra’s number from
him and as I was waiting for my car luckily Moiz reached me again for internship
letter and I did that work and went home. Also when I messaged her and told her
about the situation she didn’t seem much bothered about it and told that she will be
handing over work to me the next day. So the second day also ended for me with
no work.
Day 3:
The next day also she took an off but thankfully messaged me that she will be
emailing me some work. As I reached office I waited for her mail but there was
none email I received from her. When I called her she said to answer the calls
related to the Rahbar but unfortunately none of the call came which I could pick up
then after sometime mam Sidra told me to get Wi-Fi voucher from Sir Sharukh-
manager IT so that I can get it connected to my laptop. Although I got the mail but
the Wi-Fi voucher took some time approximately I didn’t get any response from
Sir Shahrukh till 12 pm, again I reached him and contacted Mam Sidra to tell her to
provide me with Wi-Fi voucher. At 12 45 he gave me the Wi-Fi voucher but as I
entered it on my laptop it turned out to be an expired voucher and I was told to take
another voucher after lunch break. It took another half hour after lunch break to get
my Wi-Fi voucher and I started my work that mam Sidra had given me. I was
given two interns list and had to update one intern list and fill out all of the details
of the interns and had to reach out to them if any of their detail was missing. The
third day also ended up with some kind of work for me.

Day 4:
I entered the office hoping to get some bunch of work today. Luckily I was given
some serious work today. I was given the Coordinators sheet and mentor
assignment sheet of Rahbar program .I had to update the mentor assignment sheet
by looking at the coordinators sheet which was directly sent by the coordinators. In
the mentor assignment sheet I had to update whether the old and new mentors of
the coordinators had been dropped or confirmed in the Rahbar program and also
had to include their email address pickup point and phone numbers. There were a
lot of coordinators and their individual mentors, this work was time consuming.

Day 5:
As it was the last day of my internship at Tcf, I wanted it to end well. Today also I
was given the same coordinators sheet as there were many other changes done and
I was told to update the sheet again. I completed my work and then mam Sidra
asked me to make a list of the names of all of the interns who came that week with
me and to include their phone number email address and their duration of
internship for the offer letter. After my work ended I asked Mam Sidra questions
related to my report and got my supervisor form filled by her. The last ended as I
expected it to be and this was the end of the internship.

Volunteer Department Structure:

The Volunteer and Alumni department in which I worked was divided into 4 sub
departments:
1. Alumni and Fund
2. Volunteer
3. Alumni Data and Connectivity
4. Alumni development program
Volunteer Department Objectives:
The volunteer department has one main objective which is quality education and
alumni development through the help of volunteers. The volunteer department’s
objective varies according to their different volunteer programmes such as summer
camp, Rahbar programme, Alumni development etc. Their objectives are based on
from start of the programme till its implementation such as the objective of
providing volunteering program isto offer meaningful volunteer experience to
individuals who want to make a real difference in the lives of the less-privileged
children of Pakistan.

Strategic Plan:
The plan of volunteer department depends on its different objective such as
meeting the target of volunteers and interns required at the office and head office
and also ensure that orientation session and training is providedto the volunteers
and interns to enhance their skills to be shown in TCF’s head office and schools.

Internship Experience and Lessons Learned:

This 3 week internship was a useful but a tiring experience. I have gained
knowledge, skills by interacting with students of different cultures and different
viewpoints. I got to understand that getting education can be easy for us but the
real difficulty is faced by those who can’t afford it but still dream of getting one. I
also got insight into professional life although it was not not upto my expectation
as it was of short duration and I didn’t get much work to do but it has improved
my thinking and analytical skills and strengthened my ability to work in a
multicultural environment . It also helped me identify my strengths and weakness
and what I had to improve for the coming time. I also understood that time
management is the key to effective implementation of activities. This internship
also led me in building good relationship with other volunteers and interns as we
interacted daily and shared some opinions. The major lesson I learned is that I need
to control my anger in professional life and have to respect others opinions.