Great Mathematicians

1}Pythagoras :Pythagoras of Samos was a

famous Greek mathematician and philosopher. He was born in 570
Bc. He is known best for the proof of the important Pythagorean
theorem, which is about right angle triangles. He started a group
of mathematicians, called the Pythagoreans, who
worshiped numbers and lived like monks. He had a great impact
on mathematics, theory of music and astronomy. His theories are
still used in mathematics today. He was one of the greatest
thinkers of his time.
Pythagoras was born in Samos, a little island off the western
coast of Asia Minor. There is not much information about his life.
He was said to have had a good childhood. Growing up with two
or three brothers, he was well educated. Some say he was the
first person to use the term philosophy.
Pythagoras is most famous for his theorem to do with right
triangles. He said that the length of the longest side of the right
angled triangle called the hypotenuse (C) squared would equal
the area of the other sides squared. A(c x c) was born. There are
many different proofs for this Pythagorean theorem. nd so (a x a)
+ (b x b) = (c x c) was born. There are many different proofs for
this Pythagorean theorem. And so (a x a) + (b x b) = (c x c) was
born. There are many different proofs for this Pythagorean
theorem.
2} R . Dedekind : Julius Wilhelm Richard Dedekind
was a German mathematician who made important
contributions to abstract algebra (particularly ring
theory), axiomatic foundation for the natural
numbers, algebraic number theory and the definition of
the real numbers. He was born on 6 October 1831 and
died on 12 February1916. Dedekind's father was Julius
Levin Ulrich Dedekind, an administrator of Collegium
Carolinum in Braunschweig. Dedekind had three older
siblings. As an adult, he never used the names Julius
Wilhelm. He was born, lived most of his life, and died in
Braunschweig.
While teaching calculus for the first time at
the Polytechnic school, Dedekind developed the notion
now known as a Dedekind cut (German: Schnitt), now a
standard definition of the real numbers. The idea of a cut
is that an irrational number divides the rational
numbers into two classes (sets), with all the numbers of
one class (greater) being strictly greater than all the
numbers of the other (lesser) class.
3} G . Cantor : Georg Ferdinand Ludwig Philipp
Cantor was a German mathematician. He was born on 3rd
March 1845 and died on January 6 1918. He created set
theory, which has become a fundamental theory in
mathematics. Cantor established the importance of one-
to-one correspondence between the members of two sets,
defined infinite and well-ordered sets, and proved that
the real numbers are more numerous than the natural
numbers.
In fact, Cantor's method of proof of this theorem implies
the existence of an "infinity of infinities". He defined
the cardinal and ordinal numbers and their arithmetic.
Cantor's work is of great philosophical interest, a fact he
was well aware of.
Cantor’s theory became a whole new subject of
research concerning the mathematics of the infinite (e.g.,
an endless series, as 1, 2, 3,…, and even more
complicated sets), and his theory was heavily dependent
on the device of the one-to-one correspondence. In thus
developing new ways of asking questions
concerning continuity and infinity, Cantor quickly became
controversial.
4} Archimedes : Archimedes of Syracuse was
a Greek mathematician, physicist, engineer, inventor,
and astronomer.[3] Although few details of his life are
known, he is regarded as one of the
leading scientists in classical antiquity. Generally
considered the greatest mathematician of antiquity and
one of the greatest of all time.
Archimedes anticipated
modern calculus and analysis by applying concepts
of infinitesimals and the method of exhaustion to derive
and rigorously prove a range of geometrical theorems,
including the area of a circle, the surface
area and volume of a sphere, and the area under
a parabola. He was the first to compute digits in the decimal
expansion of Pie .
5} Rene Descartes : René Descartes was a
French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist. A native
of the Kingdom of France, he spent about 20 years (1629–
1649) of his life in the Dutch Republic after serving for a
while in the Dutch States Army of Maurice of
Nassau, Prince of Orange and the Stadtholder of
the United Provinces. One of the most notable intellectual
figures of the Dutch Golden Age,[19] Descartes is also
widely regarded as one of the founders of modern
philosophy. He was born on 31st March 1596 and died on
11th February 1650.
A native of the Kingdom of France, he spent about 20
years (1629–1649) of his life in the Dutch Republic after
serving for a while in the Dutch States Army of Maurice of
Nassau, Prince of Orange and the Stadtholder of
the United Provinces. One of the most notable intellectual
figures of the Dutch Golden Age,[19] Descartes is also
widely regarded as one of the founders of modern
philosophy.
5} Euclid : Euclid sometimes called Euclid of
Alexandria[1] to distinguish him from Euclid of Megara,
was a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the
"founder of geometry"[1] or the "father of geometry". He
was active in Alexandria during the reign
of Ptolemy I (323–283 BC). His Elements is one of the
most influential works in the history of mathematics,
serving as the main textbook for
teaching mathematics (especially geometry) from the time
of its publication until the late 19th or early 20th century.
In the Elements, Euclid deduced the theorems of what
is now called Euclidean geometry from a small set
of axioms. Euclid also wrote works on perspective, conic
sections, spherical geometry, number theory,
and mathematical rigor. Very few original references to
Euclid survive, so little is known about his life. He was
likely born c. 325 BC
7} thales : Thales of Miletus was
a Greek mathematician, astronomer and pre-Socratic
philosopher from Miletus in ancient Greek Ionia. He was
one of the Seven Sages of Greece. Many, most
notably Aristotle, regarded him as the first philosopher in
the Greek tradition,[1][2] and he is otherwise historically
recognized as the first individual in Western
civilization known to have entertained and engaged
in scientific philosophy.
Thales is recognized for breaking from the use
of mythology to explain the world and the universe, and
instead explaining natural objects and phenomena
by theories and hypotheses, in a precursor to
modern science. Almost all the other pre-Socratic
philosophers followed him in explaining nature as deriving
from a unity of everything based on the existence of a
single ultimate substance, instead of using mythological
explanations.