Building Technology

1 Short metal "T" beam used in suspended ceiling systems to bridge the spaces
Cross Tee
between the main beams
2 Roofing tile which has the shape of an “S” laid on its side Pantile
3 Clay roofing tile approximately semi cylindrical in shape laid in courses with units
Mission Tile
having their convex side alternately up and down
4 Groove cut into a board or panel intended to receive the edge of a connecting board Dado
5 Part of the building foundation which forms the permanent retaining wall
Foundation Wall
of the structure below grade
6 Part of a foundation system which supports the exterior walls of a superstructure and
Grade Beam
bears directly on the column footing
7 Black, tar like waterproofing material applied to the exterior of a foundation wall Dampproofing
8 System of framing a building in which the studs are continuous to
Balloon Framing
roof supporting second floor joints
9 System of framing a building on which floor joists of each storey rest on the top plates
Western Framing
of the storey below and the bearing walls and partitions rest on the subfloor of each storey
10 An exterior security lock installed on exterior entry doors that can be activated only
Dead Bolt
with a key or thumb-turn
11 Rough plaster finish obtained by flinging plaster on a wall with a hand operated machine Tryolean Finish
12 Principal member of the truss which extends from one end to the other
Chord
primarily to resist bending
13 Composition of two or more metals fused together usually to obtain a desired property Alloy
14 Horizontal distance from the face of a lock or latch to the center of the knob or lock cylinder Backset
15 Vertical members in a railing used between a top rail and bottom rail or the stair treads Baluster
16 An iron alloy usually including carbon and silicon which has high compressive strength
Cast Iron
but low tensile strength
17 Ferrous metal that offers great resistance to abrassion and finds important use in Nickel Steel
the cutting edges of heavy digging tools
18 Commercially pure iron of fibrous nature, valued for its corrosion resistance and ductility Wrought Iron
19 Window or door in which two panes of glass are used with a sealed air space between Double Glass
20 The wall of Intramuros Fortification
21 Concrete slab should have a minimum clearance 15mm
22 Special type of plate girder consisting of tees, angles and multiple web Hybrid Girder
23 Beam that projects beyond one or both its support Cantilever Beam
24 Wall (bearing or non-bearing) designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the wall Shear Wall
25 Modern method of installing wood parquet flooring on wooden boards sub-flooring Gluing/ Pasting
26 Standard height of window sills for office rooms in upper floors 0.90 m
27 Dimension of commercial acoustic boards for aluminum T-runners used for
24" x 48" x 1/2"
dropped-ceiling in offices
28 Horizontal exterior roof overhang Eaves
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29 Structural method used for longer span/ interval of columns Post-tensioning

30 Humidification and condensation in exterior walls are minimized by providing: Building paper sheathing
and space filled
31 Corrugated metal or concrete barrier walls installed around a basement window
Area Wells
to hold back the earth
32 Type of slab when the ratio of short span to the long span of a slab is less than 0.50 One-Way Slab
33 Tar paper. Installed under the roof shingles Felt
34 Longitudinal beams which rest on the top chord and preferably at the joints of the truss Purlins
35 The section of which the moment changes from positive to negative Inflection Point
36 Narrow strip of wood applied to cover a joint along the edges of two parallel boards
Batten
in the same plane
37 A wood or plywood piece used to fasten the ends of two members together at a
Fish Plate or Gusset Plate
38 butt joint with nails or bolts
39 The stressing of unbounded tendons after concrete has cured Post-tensioning
40 The boxing in of covering a joist, beam or girder to give the appearance of a larger beam Beam Blocking
41 Pressure exerted against the underground portion of a building created by
Atmospheric Pressure
the presence of water in the soil
42 Window which projects outside the main line of a building and the compartment
Bay Window
in which it is located extends to the floor
43 Joint employed to reduce restraint by accommodating movement of masonry walls Control Joints
44 Joint used for adjoining existing building to new building Expansion Joint
45 Joint formed when a concrete surface hardens before the next batch of concrete
Cold Joint
is placed against it
46 Joint used when vertical and horizontal surface is reinforced concrete
Construction Joint
where concreting was stopped and continued later
47 Joint that is a straight groove which is used on concrete floors to "control" where
Control Joint
the concrete should crack
48 Joint formed by overlapping the edges of metal sheet or plated and joining them
Lap Seam
by riveting, soldering or brazing
49 Interior paint that contains a high proportion of pigment and dries to a flat/ lusterless finish Flat Paint
50 Filipino term for horizontal stud Trabe-Anzo
51 Filipino term for floor joist Soleras
52 Filipino term for rabbet Vaciada
53 Filipino term for plastered course Kusturada
54 Filipino term for bottom chord Tirante
55 Filipino term for purlin Reostra
56 Filipino term for eave Alero
57 Filipino term for top chord Tahilan
58 Filipino term for temper (metal work) Poleva
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59 Filipino term for plumb line Hulog

60 Filipino term for projection Bolada
61 Filipino term for rafter Kilo
62 Filipino term for baseboard Rodapis
63 Filipino term for alignment Asintada
64 Filipino term for bath tub Baniera
65 Filipino term for brace Pie De Gallo
66 Filipino term for cast iron Pundido
67 Filipino term for contractor Kontratista (yeah!)
68 Filipino term for downspout Tubo de Banada
69 Filipino term for pattern Plantilya
70 Filipino term for mortar Paupo
71 A steel plate attached to both sides at each joint of a truss Gang Nail Plate
72 Climatic factor that is considered in the structural and architectural design of tall buildings Lightning
73 Dry walls are customarily finished Lath and Plaster
74 One method of leveling batterboards without the transit is the use of 1/4 Ø plastic hose filled w/ water
75 Manual method of squaring the corners of a building lines in building layout 3-4-5 multiples with the use
of steel tape measure
76 The direction, size, arrangement, appearance, or quality of the fibers in wood Grain
77 The most common materials used for roofing of urban residential houses G.I. Sheets
78 Block or panel type insulating material used in flat roof of commercial or industrial building Corkboard
79 Standard size overlap for corrugated G.I. roofing 1 1/2 corr
80 A continuous recess built into a wall to receive pipes, ducts, etc. Chase
81 Building stone of igneous origin and composed of quartz, hornblende and mica Serpentine
82 Form of brick bond which is composed of alternating courses of headers and stretchers English Bond
83 Form of brick bond which is composed entirely of stretchers Running Bond
84 Form of brick bond which is a variation of a running bond with a full course of headers Common Bond / American
at regular intervals Bond
85 Form of brick bond in which each course is alternately composed of entirely
Flemish Bond
86 of headers or of stretchers
87 A notch cut in the end of a rafter to permit it to fit flat on a wall and on the top,
Heel Cut
doubled, exterior wall plate
88 A geological or ground condition considered in determining the size and type of
Soil Bearing Pressure
foundation of the building
89 Materials excellent as vapor barrier in the roofing system of residential buildings Aluminum Foil Sheets
90 The chief structural materials, used for tall buildings Reinforced Concrete and
High Grade Steel
91 Material that holds less moisture, is very light, less water absorptive capacity
Asbestos-Cement Shingles
and is very good in sidings of dwelling units
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92 The finished frame surrounding a door Door Jamb

93 A door lock with a spring bolt controlled by one or both knobs and dead bolt
Knob Bolt
controlled by a key
94 Door consisting of two separate leaves, one above the other, this leaves may
Dutch Door
operate independently or together
95 A twisting force Torsion
95 The appearance concrete makes when rocks in the concrete are visible and where there
Honey Combs
are void areas in the foundation wall, especially around concrete foundation windows
97 A barrier or diaphragm formed to prevent the movement of soil to stabilize foundation Sheet Piling
98 Refers to the term stone-cut Wood Siding
99 Standard concrete mix for beams, girders, slabs, stairs and columns AA
100 Chord splice connectors for trusses Split-Ring
101 A specialized fastener used to pull on to hold mitered joints together Clamp Nail
102 Most waterproofed type of mortar joints for wall Weathered
103 Rafters laid diagonally from corner of a plate or girts to the ridge Hip Rafter
104 The horizontal boards nailed to corner post to assist in the accurate layout of
Batter Boards
foundation and excavation lines
105 Columns in which a concrete core is reinforced with a steel or cast-iron core
Composite Column
designed to support a part of load
106 Instrument or tool capable of vertical and horizontal line check Spirit Level
107 A three-dimensional structural system without bearing walls composed of
interconnected laterally supported so as to function as a complete self-contained unit with Space Frame
or without the aids of horizontal diaphragms or floor-bracing system
108 The metal latch plate in a door frame into which a doorknob plunger latches Keeper
109 The appropriate painting material type for wood surfaces Zinc Chromate
110 Coating of commercially made corrugated G.I. sheets, ga. 26, having standard corrugation Aluminum Coating
111 Wood flooring finishing material 7 & 6 Wood Planks
112 A common paint film defect where progressive powdering from the surface inward occurs Chalking
113 Time required for the removal of a form works of a concrete footing 24 hours
114 Wall partition wooden framing Studs
115 The appropriate paint material for G.I. sheet roofing Acrylic Latex Paint
116 The paint finishing material of long-span pre-painted roofing sheet Acrylic Paint
117 Hardware used to fasten corrugated asbestos cement roofing sheet on a steel purlin L Hook Bolt
118 Hardware used to fasten an asphalt strip roof shingle on wooden sheets/planks Staple Wire
119 A type of concrete floor which has no beam Flat Slab
120 Tool used for guiding and testing the work to a vertical and horizontal position Level Tool
121 Tool for testing and for framing work Steel Square
121 Vertical surface on face of a stair step Riser
123 The complete records of test conduction (slump, compression test, etc.) shall be
2 years
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preserved and made available for inspection during the progress of construction and 2 years
after completion of the projects for a period of not less than
124 Nominal 1" - 2" thk members connecting opposite roof rafters to stiffen the roof structure Collar Beam
125 Thickness of a wood plank 2" to 5"
126 Distance from the first to the last riser of a stair flight Run
127 A high-speed rotary shaping hand power tool used to make smooth cutting
Portable Hand Router
and curving on solid wood
128 A mixture of sand and stone and a major component of concrete Aggregate
129 The major horizontal supporting member of the floor system Girder
130 A wall supporting no load other than its own weight Nonbearing Wall
131 A wall that support weight from above as well as their own dead weight Load Bearing Wall
132 A wall that holds back on earth embankment Retaining Wall
133 A wall which supports vertical loads in addition to its weight without the benefit of
Bearing Wall
a complete vertical load carrying space frame
134 A non-bearing wall built on a concrete floor Floating Wall
135 It is designed to resist lateral forces parallel to the plane of the wall Shear Wall
136 The occupancy load which either partially or fully in place or may not be present at all Live Load
137 Distance between inflection point in the column when it breaks Effective Length
138 The most important component to determine the strength of a concrete mix Cement
139 The total of all the tread widths in a stair Total Run
140 A pit in a basement floor made to collect water into which a pump is placed
Sump Pit
to pump the liquid to the sewer pipe
141 The pre-construction of components as a part of a whole Prefabrication
142 An opening in the roof for admitting light Skylight
143 Wood coming out from trees with needle leaves, rather than broad leaves Softwood
144 A kind of brick used for high temperature Firebrick
145 A nailer strip incorporated in rough concrete wall to be plastered to act as guide and
Plaster Ground
support for finish trim around openings and near the base of the wall
146 Distance between two structural supports Span
147 Scientific name for wood Xylem
148 A small member which divides the glass or openings of sash or doors Muntin
149 Roof that has four sloping sides Hip Roof
150 Stone placed on a slope to prevent erosion Rip-rap
151 A tough used for carrying off water Moat
152 The process of removing concrete forms from the cured concrete Stripping
153 A structural member spanning from truss-to-truss or supporting rafters Purlin
154 A threaded steel bent inserted of masonry construction for securing wood or
Anchor Bolt
metal plates to concrete construction
155 A horizontal piece of wood, stone, steel or concrete across the top of door or
Lintel
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Lintel
window opening to bear the weight of the walls above the opening
156 The placing of glass in windows or doors Glazing
157 Another word for handmill on a stair construction Banister
158 A joint produced by lapping two pieces of materials Lap Joint
159 The most common type of hinge where one leaf attaches to the door's edge,
Butt Hinge
the other to its jamb
160 Lumber that still contains moisture or sap Green Lumber
161 The internal angle formed by the two roof slopes of a roof Valley
162 A vertical board attached on the ends of the rafters Facia
163 A large heavy nail Spike
164 Underwater watertight chamber to allow construction work to be done Caisson
165 Lumber specification S4S Smooth on four sides
167 The term used to indicate top and lower principal member of a roof or bridge truss Chord
168 Strips of hardwood, usually 2x2” laid over a concrete slab floor Wood Saddle
169 Miter square is a guiding and testing tool that has a permanent blade set 45
170 A beveled metal tongue operated by a spring-loaded knob or lever Latch
171 A wall that serves two (2) dwelling units, known also as party wall Common Wall
172 The hardware on a door to accommodate the knob and lockset keyhole Escutcheon
173 The material used for the process of making watertight the roof intersection and
Flashing
other exposed areas on the exterior of a building
174 A short wood bracket or cantilever that supports an overhang portion of a roof Lookout
175 The term to describe the putting up of the skeleton of the building Formworks
176 Wedge-shaped stone of an arch Keystone
177 Fireproof door with metal covering Kalomein Door
178 The triangular, decorative and supporting member that holds a mantel or horizontal shelf Corbel
179 Lumber that is not squared or finished Milled Lumber
180 A round steel bolt embedded in concrete or masonry use to hold down machinery,
Foundation Bolt
steel columns or beams, casting, shoes, beams plates and engine heads
181 Simplest type of fiber carpet weaving where pile forms as the wrap yarns loop over
Velvet
removable “wires” inserted consecutively across the loom
182 A pretreatment of poured concrete such as walls beams and columns where a thin layer
of lean cement grout mixed with flexible base additives is splattered by tampico brush or Scratch Coat
masonry spoon to the surface to give a “tooth” for excellent plaster adhesion
183 A special coating system with a high gloss shine while maintaining the natural wood
Polyurethane Floor Coating
qualities, maintenance free, used to finish and topcoat wood flooring
184 A type of wood end joint where both wood are cut at equal angles diagonally Scarf
185 A type of terazzo floor described by its physical appearance whereby the stone or pebble
Standard Terazzo
is intentionally exposed while the cement matrix is depressed
186 An extension of a rafter beyond the wall line Outrigger
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187 A type of window where the ventilating sash rotates 90 degrees to 180 degrees about
Pivoted Window
the header and sill or about the side jamb
188 Used to fill a joint with mastic or asphalt plastic cement to prevent leaks Caulking
189 Type of joint is used to install a glass into a lite of a French window Rabbet
190 Water-mixed productwith a ratio of 1:20 to stabilize lime activity in new masonry surface Masonry Neutralizer
191 A crosswise groove at the end of a board Notch
192 Shutter proof opaque glass used to construct a door with glass to allow natural light only Figured Wired Glass
193 The act of excavating or filling of earth or any sound material or combination thereof,
Grading
in preparation for a finishing surface such as paving
194 Adjustable metal column used to support a beam or bearing point Monopost
195 One of a series of parallel framing members used to support ceiling loads and supported
Ceiling Joist or Roof Joist
in turn by larger beams, girders or bearing walls
196 A floor finish commercially size 1” x 12” x 12” utilizing clay and fired in traditional manner
Vigan Tiles
making interesting and attractive rustic clay shade patterns
197 Steel element such as wire, cable, bar, rod or strand, or a bundle of such elements,
Tendon
used to impart prestress to concrete
198 The upper member of a column, pilaster, door cornice, molding, or fireplace Cap
199 A trim board that is installed beneath a window sill Apron
200 A unit of measure for lumber equal to 1 inch thick by 12 inches wide by 12 inches long Boardfoot
201 Frames of wood or metal enclosing part (or all) of a window sash Casement
202 The replacement of excavated earth into a trench around or against a basement
Backfill
or crawl space foundationwall
203 Frame lumber installed between the wall studs to give additional support for drywall or
Backing
an interior trim related item, such as handrail brackets, cabinets, and towel bars
204 Window with hinges on one of the vertical sides and swings open like a normal door Casement Window
205 Horizontal beam rafter that supports shorter rafters Barge
206 Window space projecting outward from the walls of a building Bay Window
207 Bonding together two or more layers of materials Laminating
208 Bottom horizontal member of an exterior wall frame which rests on top a foundation,
Mudsill
sometimes called sill plate
209 Small-diameter, pre-drilled hole that guides a nail or screw Pilot Hole
210 A joist that runs around the perimeter of the floor joists and home Rim Joist