CAMPUS JOURNALISM

By

Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 Journalism

is a form of writing that tells people

about things that really happened, but
that
they might not have known about
already.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 Scope of Journalism
1. Written
(newspaper, magazine)

2. Oral
(radio)

3. Visual
(television, movies and documentaries)

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 GOALS OF
JOURNALISM
1. INFORM
2. EDUCATE
3. ENTERTAIN
4. PERSUADE

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

Journalism comes in several different
forms:

I. News
A. Breaking news: Telling about an event as it
happens.
B. Feature stories: A detailed look at something interesting
that's not breaking news.
C. Enterprise or Investigative stories: Stories that uncover
information that few people knew.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

Journalism comes in several different
forms:

II. Opinion
A. Editorials: Unsigned articles that express a
publication's opinion.
B. Columns: Signed articles that express the
writer's reporting

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

Journalism comes in several different
forms:

II. Opinion
A. Editorials: Unsigned articles that express a
publication's opinion.
B. Columns: Signed articles that express the
writer's reporting

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

Journalism comes in several different
forms:

Online Journalism
●Blogs: Online diaries kept by individuals or small
groups.
●Discussion boards: Online question and answer
pages where anyone can participate.
●Wikis: Articles that any reader can add to or change.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 Reporting
1. Interviews: Talking with people who know something
about the story you are reporting.
2. Observation: Watching and listening where news is
taking place.
3. Documents: Reading stories, reports, public
records and other printed material.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 Writing
● Get the facts. All the facts you can.
● Tell your readers where you got every bit of information
you put in your story.
● Be honest about what you do not know.
● Don't try to write fancy. Keep it clear.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS WRITING

NEWS (DEFINITION)
- IS AN ORAL AND WRITTEN REPORT OF A PAST,
PRESENT, OR FUTURE EVENT.
- FACTUAL, TRUTHFUL, ACCURATE, UNBIASED AND
INTERESTING
- IS ACCURATE BECAUSE IT IS BASED ON FACTS
AND NOT FICTION.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS WRITING

TYPES OF NEWS
1. HARD NEWS –- Important to a large
number of people; timely; usually about
events in government, politics, foreign
affairs, education, labor, religion, courts,
etc.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

HARD NEWS:

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS WRITING

TYPES OF NEWS
2. SOFT NEWS – usually less important because it
entertains, although it may also inform; often less timely
than hard news; includes human interest and feature
stories which may relate to hard news; appeals more to
emotions than to the intellect or the desire to be
informed

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

SOFT NEWS:

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 QUALITIES OF NEWS

1. Accurate 11. Concise

2. Balanced 12. Short
3. Truthful
13. Brief
4. Recent
5. Exact 14. To the point
6. Perfect 15. Clear
7. Objective
8. Impartial
9. Unbiased
10. Disinclined

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

A. TIMELINESS/IMMEDIACY

- The news happened recently

- It’s new, otherwise, we’d call it “olds”
- Almost every story has some timeliness aspect
- the more recent the event, the more interesting it is to the reader

EXAMPLE:

President Benigno Aquino III joined the celebration of the 116 th

Independence day, in Naga City, Camarines Sur.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

B. CURRENCY
- It is related to something else in the news.

EXAMPLE:

A story on Dengue cases in Region XI statistics from 2013 to 2014.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

C. CONFLICT
- War, elections, sports
- involve physical or mental conflict – man vs. man, man vs.
animals, man vs. nature or an vs. himself.

EXAMPLE:

World number tennis player Rafael Nadal has won his ninth title at
Roland Garros with 3-6, 7-5, 6-2, 6-4 over Novak Dyokovic.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

D. CONSEQUENCE
- The subject of a story has an impact on how people live their
lives.

EXAMPLE:

Davao City Mayor Rodrigo Duterte has implemented the

midnight liquor ban to help parents discipline their children.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

E. PROMINENCE
- Elected, wealthy, famous
- For the same occurrence, people in the public eye have higher news
value than obscure people.

EXAMPLE:

1. If I choke on a pretzel, it’s not news. When the president does, it is

news.
2. Magic Johnson and actor Rock Hudson had AIDS, while an ordinary
citizen with AIDS would not have commanded the attention of the
national news media. 

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

F. PROXIMITY
- Closeness, either because of geographical proximity or
because of relationship

EXAMPLE:

1.If I choke on a pretzel, it’s not news. When the president does, it is
news.
2.Magic Johnson and actor Rock Hudson had AIDS, while an ordinary
citizen with AIDS would not have commanded the attention of the
national news media. 

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

G. Human Interest
- “Warm and fuzzy” feeling
-  are generally soft news.

For example:
- Olympic athlete bios, Dateline “Survivor Stories”
- a baby beauty
contest, 
- a person whose pet happens to be a nine-foot boa constrictor, 
- a man who makes a cart so that
his two-legged dog can move around again.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 ELEMENTS OF NEWS

H. ODDITY/UNUSUAL
- Whenever strange things happen, it will make the news.
- It can also occur with events that only happen once every great while

For example:
- if the aviator has only one leg, this is news;
- if the parachute fails to open and the pilot lands safely, this is news.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

Juanita de la Cruz, 18, a student of the Far

Eastern University, died in a car accident along
North Expressway yesterday.

An 18-year-old female student of Far Eastern

University died in a car accident along North
Expressway yesterday.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

INVERTED PYRAMID

CLIMAX

DETAILS

SECONDARY DETAILS

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

LEAD

- first paragraph of the news

story
- serves as the climax of the story
- serves as to attract the reader
to the story

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD
1. TRADITIONAL LEAD
- ANSWERS THE SIX BASIC QUESTIONS
5W’S AND H

WHO LEAD
Example:
US President Barack Obama yesterday said
he will visit the Philippines in November.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD
WHAT LEAD

Example:
The oil price hike will trigger higher food
prices, economists from the University of the
Philippines said in a symposium last Tuesday.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD

WHEN LEAD

Example:
Ten days to go before
Sangguniang Kabataan elections.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD

WHERE LEAD

Example:
Luneta Park was filled with g-string clad
men last Saturday in an effort to raise
awareness for cultural minorities.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD

WHY LEAD

Example:
A broken water pipe was the cause for the
flooding along Sikatuna Ave., Quezon City
yesterday.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

THE LEAD

HOW LEAD

Example:
Using his bare hands to kill the snake, the
soldier saved a six-year-old boy from
being bitten.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

ALTERNATIVE LEAD

Nut graph:
- summary of the story
- found in the second or third paragraph story

Joselito D. Cruz, 35, was beaten to death when he changed

the television channel against the wishes of the other patrons
at the Lopaluza Bar along Taft Ave. last night

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

ALTERNATIVE LEAD

A. PUNCH LEAD
-BRIEF, WITTY, AND SOMETIMES PARADOZAL
STATEMENT.

Example:
Watching Television can deadly.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

B. PICTURE OR DESCRIPTIVE LEAD

-vivid word picture of an event. usually used for sidebar
stories of big events such as story on congressional fashion
during SONA.

-Example: Dressed in shiny metallic blouses, the Silver

Jubilarians waved, smiled, and posed for the cameras, during
their homecoming festivities at the St. Cecilia’s Auditorium
last February 8.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

C. Direct Address Lead

-Violating news writing convention of writing in the
third person; using the second person “you” with
the aim of targeting the specific reader.

Example:
If your parents are alumni of this school, then your
family maybe eligible for the annual loyalty award.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

D. CONTRAST LEAD
-uses comparison of two conventional extremes, such as
black and white, young and old, rich and poor. usually used
for personality profiles but it can be used in crime stories.

Example:
Forty years ago, he was a fish vendor in Tondo. Today, he is
the ninth richest person in the country.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

E. QUESTION LEAD
-use a pertinent question, which at the same time serves as the key
idea of the story

EXAMPLE: Is a tuition fee increase really necessary?

F. QUOTATION LEAD
-uses succinct remark or a bold statement from a speech or an
interview.
-EXAMPLE:
-“We will win the championship,” coach Virgilio Santos confidently
declared yesterday

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 NEWS STRUCTURE

G. Literary Allusion Lead

-Used for features
-- makes use of famous lines from popular literature or
well-known proverbs.

-Example:
It is worth universally acknowledged that a single man in
possession of a good fortune, must be in want of an
investment banker.

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
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By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA
 Functions of school paper
(old)
A. AID TO STUDENTS
- PROVIDE OPPORTUNITY FOR INTERESTING WRITING
- SERVES AS AN OUTLET AND MOTIVATION OF JOURNALISTIC
WRITING
- DEVELOP QUALITIES OF COOPERATION, TACT ACCURACY,
TOLERANCE, RESPONSIBILITY AND LEADERSHIP
A. AID TO THE SCHOOL AND COMMUNITY
- INFORMS THE COMMUNITY ON THE WORK OF THE SCHOOL
- CREATES AND EXPRESSES SCHOOL OPINION

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

Functions of school paper (new)

1. INFORMATION FUNCTION
2. OPINION FUNCTION
3. EDUCATION FUNCTION
4. WATCHDOG FUNCTION
5. LABORATORY FUCTION
6. DOCUMENTATION FUNCTION
7. ENTERTAINMENT FUNCTION
8. DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

 Parts of Campus Paper

 FRONT PAGE
 EDITORIAL PAGE
 FEATURE PAGE
 LITERARY PAGE
 SPORTS PAGE

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA

FRONT PAGE

NAMEPLATE

BANNER

BY LINE

LEAD
BODY

By:Ms. DAISY T. BESING, MPA