NAME:____________________________________________ PROFESSOR: ___________________________________

YEAR & SECTION: ___________________________________ DATE: ___________________

Quiz # 1 & 2

Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. This is the percentage of Madagascar’s plant species found nowhere else on Earth.
A. 60% B. 70% C. 80% D. 90%
2. To qualify as one of the world’s biodiversity hotspots, a region must contain at least 1,500 endemic species of
vascular plants and have lost at least 70 percent of its original habitat.
A. True B. False
3. The only primate species found in the Mediterranean Basin Biodiversity Hotspot is:
A. Barbary macaque (Macaca sylvanus) C. Drill (Mandrillus leucophaeus)
B. Preuss’s red colobus (Procolobus preussi) D. Pallid needle-clawed galago (Euoticus pallidus)
4. The Horn of Africa Hotspot’s highest levels of endemism—unique species found nowhere else—occur among what
type of vertebrates?
A. Birds B. Reptiles C. Mammals D. Amphibians
5. The ecosystem services provided to humans by the biodiversity hotspots (e.g., water, food and medicine) have
been valued at approximately ____ U.S. dollars per year.
A. 1.6 billion B. 16 billion C. 160 billion D 1.6 trillion
6. The Cerrado Hotspot—one of the largest and biologically richest tropical savanna regions in the world—is found
primarily in which country?
A. Mexico B. Costa Rica C. Brazil D. Venezuela
7. The saola (Pseudoryx nghetinhensis), a forest-dwelling, hoofed animal found in the Indo-Burma Hotspot, is notable
because it:
A. Was only first discovered in 1992. C. It is one of the rarest species on the planet.
B. Has no captive population. D. All of the above.
8. Approximately how many people live within the 36 biodiversity hotspots?
A. 65 million B. 880 million C. 2 billion D. 7 billion
9. Which of the following countries has only 2 percent of its original forest cover remaining?
A. Sierra Leone B. Haiti C. Laos D. Philippines
10. It is the most recently declared biodiversity hotspot.
A. North American Coastal Plain C. Caribbean Islands
B. Forests of East Australia D. Mountains of Central Asia
11. What is succession?
A: It is the process of the replacement of one kind of community by another at a single place over a period of time.
B: It is the over growth of trees in a community.
C: It is a community with abiotic and biotic factors.
D: All living organisms in a community.
12. Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are a problem because they
A: attack ozone molecules in the upper atmosphere
B: corrode aerosol cans and release iron oxide into the atmosphere.
C: were once thought to be a hazard, but this now causes unnecessary expense for industry
D: are released by air conditioners into the groundwater.
13. Topsoil and ground water are known as _________________ resources.
A: water B: hard water C: renewable D: nonrenewable
14. The greenhouse effect may increase on Earth because ___________
A: the Earth tilts toward the sun in the summer.
B: increasing carbon dioxide will trap more heat
C: too much oxygen is now given off by plants
D: decomposers essential to recycling matter are being destroyed.
15. What is the first step in solving an environmental problem?
A: assessment C: senators discover the problem
B: public meetings D: scientist devise a formula to solve problem
16. Many scientists think that the increased levels of _____________ in the atmosphere are causing global warming.
A: nitrogen B: carbon dioxide C: hydrogen D: oxygen
17. The greenhouse effect is known as the ability to trap carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide gases in the
________________.
A: ozone layer B: benthic layer C: atmosphere D: air
18. Pollutants called CFC's are converted into free chlorine that eventually destroys the protective _______________ .
A: ozone layer B: benthic layer C: atmosphere D: air
19. A great deal of water is found beneath the soil within porous rock reservoirs called ____________________.
A: ponds B: runoff C: ground water D: lakes
20. As a result of the discovery of the ozone hole, the production of most _________ was banned in the United States.
A: CFC's B: air pollution C: spray cans D: ozone layer
21. What is biodiversity?
A. It is the variety of species, their genetic make-up, and the natural communities in which they occur.
B. The number of plants throughout the world.
C. The number of different animals existing.
D. The study of life.
22. What is HIPPO?
A. A list of major factors that contribute to the destruction of biodiversity on Earth.
B. An animal found in North Africa.
C. An organization that preserves biodiversity.
D. None of the above.
23. Which effects biodiversity loss the most?
A. Habitat Destruction B. Over-consumption C. Pollution D. Population Growth
24. Ecosystem services are __________?
A. the benefits of people obtain from ecosystems C. the benefits of plants obtain from the ecosystems
B. the benefits of animals obtain from ecosystems D. All of the above
25. At least ___ percent of the world’s economy and ___ percent of the needs of the poor are derived from biological
resources.
A. 40, 80 B. 0, 0 C. 20, 30 D. 50, 10
26. Forests ecosystems provide all of the following functions except____________.
A. Oxygen production C. Control erosion
B. Remove carbon from the atmosphere D. Lower the diversity of plants and animals
27. What percent of all medicines are developed from the earth’s natural resources?
A. Exactly 10% B. About 30% C. Around 5% D. Below 1%
8. Which of the following best describes "biodiversity"?
A. Endangered species. C. The variety of all life on earth.
B. Different planets in our solar system. D. Biographies about famous biologists.
29. Approximately how many species exist and how many are identified?
A. 100 million exist and 1.7 million identified
B. 50 million exist and 9 million identified
C. 500 thousand exist and 50 thousand identified
D. Less than 100 thousand exist and only 70 thousand identified
30. What minerals are found in the run-off from agricultural land and treated and untreated sewage effluents, which
are highly responsible for eutrophication of water bodies?
A. Phosphorous and carbon B. Nitrogen and phosphorus C. Potassium and arsenic D. Iron and manganese
31. Of all the life forms that have ever existed how many are now extinct?
A. 21.2% B. 74% C. 58.88% D. 99.9%
32. In which country would you find 99% of marsupials?
A. China B. Brasil C. India D. Australia
33. Which of the following countries is 'mega diversity'?
A. Australia B. England C. USA D. India
34. There is estimated to be 100 million species on the earth, how many have been identified?
A. 100 million B. 1.7 million C. 500,000 D. 30 million
35. Which branch of biodiversity provides 60% of all the worlds’ medicine?
A. Animals B. Bacteria C. Plants D. All of the above
36. Which of the following is causing the most extinction?
A. Pollution B. Loss of habitat C. Farts D. They are dying of old age
37. Which of the following environments would you expect to have the most biodiversity?
A. Sahara Desert B. Amazon Rainforest C. North Pole D. Mt Everest
38. Which of the following does biodiversity not contribute to?
A. Food B. Clothes C. Wireless Internet D. Petrol
39. How many new species are found every year?
A. 1 million B. 15, 000 C. 38 D. 200,000
40. What would be a good way to preserve biodiversity?
A. By not littering B. Reduce Reuse Recycle C. Not driving as often D. All of the above
41. How many species of plants, animals and insects are being lost every day?
A. 1 B. 388 C. 137 D. 12
42. The Cretaceus - Tertiary extinction event is referring to the extinction of which race?
A. Wooly Mamoths B. Saber Tooth Tigers C. Tasmainian Tiger D. Dinosaurs
43. Biodiversity found on the earth today is the result of how many years of evolution?
A. 3.5 billion B. 120, 000 C. 40 million D. 38
44. All life on the earth consisted of Archaea, Bacteria, Pronozoans, etc until how many years ago?
A. 50 B. 2 billion C. 600 million D. 40 billion
45. Which country supports almost 10% of biodiversity on the earth?
A. Austria B. Australia C. Zew Zealand D. Afghanistan
46. How many of our mammals, reptiles and plants are endemic (found only in Australia)?
A. 56% B. 80% C. 32% D. 12%
47. Which country has the worst rate of mammal extinction in the world?
A. Bahammas B. China C. Australia D. Scotland
48. Which is the most biodiverse country in the world?
A. Mexico B. Brasil C. Japan D. China
49. How many species are estimated to be extinct by the year 2050?
A. 99% B. 30% C. 12% D. 34%
50. Which sector is the single-largest consumer of fresh water in Philippines?
A. Industry B. Power C. Domestic D. Agriculture