LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS

ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN

A Master’s Thesis
Presented to the faculty of the
College of Arts and Sciences
Graduate Studies
Catanduanes State University
Virac, Catanduanes

________________________________

In partial Fulfillment of the

Requirements for the Degree
Master of Public Administration

________________________________

EMAR C. VARGAS

March 2019
 Catanduanes State University
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Graduate Studies
Virac, Catanduanes
_____________________________________________________________________

RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE

This thesis hereto attached titled, LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF

BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-
ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN prepared and submitted by EMAR C. VARGAS in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION is hereby submitted to the Specialization Committee for
consideration.

BERNARDINO C. ABUNDO JR., Ph.D.

Thesis Adviser

_____________________
Date

SPECIALIZATION COMMITTEE

This thesis hereto attached titled, LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF

BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-
ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN prepared and submitted by EMAR C. VARGAS in
partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF PUBLIC
ADMINISTRATION is hereby recommended for Oral Examination.

AURORA E. ARAOJO, Ed.D.

Chairman

NOEL B. DE LEON, Ed.D. RAMON FELIPE A. SARMIENTO, Ed.D.

Member Member

ii
 Catanduanes State University
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Graduate Studies
Virac, Catanduanes
_____________________________________________________________________

RESULT OF ORAL EXAMINATION

Result of the Oral Examination for EMAR C. VARGAS, candidate for the
degree MASTER OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION:

Thesis Title : LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-

ILLEGAL DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON
ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN

Date : February 2019

Place : Graduate Studies Seminar Room

This is to certify that EMAR C. VARGAS passed the Oral Examination with the
final rating of _____________.

ORAL EXAMINATION COMMITTEE ACTION TAKEN

AURORA A. ARAOJO, Ed.D. ________________

Chairman

NOEL B. DE LEON, Ed.D. ________________

Member

JOCELYN T. SORREDA, Ed.D. ________________

Member

ROMEL R. REGALA Ph.D. ________________

Member

MORENO D. TABIOS JR. MA.Math.Ed. ________________

Dean/Member

iii
 Catanduanes State University
COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Graduate Studies
Virac, Catanduanes
_____________________________________________________________________

APPROVAL SHEET

Upon the recommendation of Oral Examination Committee, this Master’s Thesis

titled, LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS

ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN is hereby

approved in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree MASTER OF

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION.

MORENO D. TABIOS JR. MA.Math.Ed.

Dean/Member

MARIA S. TUGANO, Ed.D.

Vice President for Academic Affairs

MINERVA I. MORALES, Ed.D.

SUC President III

iv
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

The researcher wishes to extend his deepest gratitude to the following people

without whom this study would have not made possible:

Dr. Bernardino C. Abundo Jr., his research adviser, for his challenging and

constructive criticisms and for the untiring support, encouragements and guidance,

especially during doubtful moments;

Dr. Aurora A. Araojo, Chairman of the Oral Examination Committee for her

motivating suggestions and sharing her bright ideas and extending her precious time for

consultations;

To the members of the panel Dr. Noel B. De Leon, Dr. Jocelyn T. Sorreda, Dr.

Romel R. Regala, Prof. Moreno D. Tabios for their expertly advises and

recommendations for the improvement of the manuscript from the beginning of this study

until its completion;

PSSupt Felix N Servita Jr, PSupt James S Ronatay, PCInsp Christian Jesus S

Huelva, PCInsp Charles N De Leon, PCInsp Arthur C Tagtag Jr, PO2 Manny Macabeo

and his comrades in the service for their motivations and who had always been

accommodating for queries and giving valuable suggestions;

To PO3 Lyn Templonuevo and PO1 Melanie Taopo of Virac Municipal Police

Station; PO1 Roche Reyes of Catanduanes PPO – PCR Branch; Mr. Salvador Vargas Jr.,

Ms. Jessa Incarnacion and the staff of DILG Provincial Office; and personnel of

Municipal Planning Development Office, Virac; for their assistance extended in

providing access to information and pertinent documents;

v
 Ms. Kristine Anne T. Razal, his cousin and the rest of his family, who never

failed to give words of encouragement;

To the BADAC members and Barangays Officials of the municipality of Virac,

Catanduanes for their generous support and cooperation in sharing their views on the

research topic; and

To those whom the researcher might have unintentionally not mentioned, his

sincere gratitude for the assistance afforded in this study.

eM Ar

vi
 DEDICATION

“The sweat. The Time. The Dedication. It All Pays Off!”

To Tatay and Nanay, my sisters Mirasol, Mae, and Rochelle,

my nieces Khae, Yanna, Maria, and Shin….
you are forever my inspiration and strength.

To all those who have been instruments of peace…

may you continue to spread the peace in you.

Above all, to the ever merciful and loving Almighty God…

for the gift of life, for proving the needed wisdom and
for the guidance all through-out this wonderful journey called life,

I humbly dedicate this work.

eM Ar

vii
 ABSTRACT

VARGAS, EMAR C. (2019). Level of Performance of Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs

Abuse Council (BADAC) on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign. Unpublished
Master’s Thesis, Catanduanes State University, Virac, Catanduanes.

This study aims to determine the level of performance of BADAC on anti-illegal

drugs campaign. The researcher distributed questionnaires to the BADAC members from

the 12 selected barangays in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

To be able to determine the respondents’ level of performance on anti-illegal

drugs campaign, the following questions were answered: (1) What is the profile of the

respondents in terms of personal variables, job related experiences of BADAC members,

and exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign? (2) What is the level of performance of the

respondents in support to the anti-illegal drugs campaign along revitalization of the

BADAC, conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay, provide

assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), support the implementation of

barangay drug clearing operations, and encourage the community in reporting drug-

related information? (3) What are the problems observed by BADAC in the

implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign in Virac, Catanduanes? And, (4) What

plan of action can be recommended to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs campaign in the

municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

The study made use of a descriptive-quantitative approach. A total of 94

respondents were included in this study from the twelve barangays chosen through

Cluster and Lottery Sampling Technique. The questionnaires were formulated in English

and Bikol. Data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentage and weighted mean.

viii
The level of performance of BADAC was analyzed using a descriptive four-point scale,

namely: 4 – Very High, 3 – High, 2 – Low; and 1 – Very Low. The problems observed

were measured using a descriptive four-point scale, as: 4 – High Problem, 3 – Moderate

Problem, 2 – Less Problem; and 1 – Not a Problem. With the two (2) respondents from

the 94 total samples refused to answer the research instrument, the total of 92 samples

then represented the entire population of this study.

The study found that majority of the BADAC respondents’ ages from 41 – 50

years old, male, married, were able to finish college degree and working as self-

employed. Majority of the respondents are elected barangay officials who served the

Sangguniang Barangay for less than a year. Majority of the BADAC respondents has

been a BADAC member for less than a year. Majority of the BADAC respondents were

able to attend seminars, trainings or other related activities and have access to other

sources of information regarding anti-illegal drugs campaign such as television, radio,

newspaper/magazine, and internet. Based from the results with regard to the respondent’s

level of performance on the different functions areas of the BADAC, Revitalization of the

BADAC resulted to a 2.76 General Weighted Mean (GWM) or a Qualitative Rating

(QIR) of “High”. Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the

Barangay had an overall mean of 2.82 or “High” rating while Provide Assistance for

PWUDs garnered the lowest GWM of 2.63 or a QIR of “High” rating. The function area

on Support the Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operations had a 2.83 GWM

or a QIR of “High” rating. Lastly, Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-Related

Information gained the highest GWM of 2.86 or a QIR of “High” rating. Based on the

findings on the problems observed by BADAC on the different function areas with

ix
corresponding problem indicators according to chronological sequence of the result, it

was revealed that highest General Weighted Mean (GWM) of 2.53 or a Qualitative

Rating (QIR) of “Moderate Problem” was taken from the indicators along Providing

Assistance to Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), followed by Encourage the Community

in Reporting Drug-Related Information with a GWM of 2.43 or a QIR of “Less

Problem”. The problem indicators along Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy

Campaigns in the Barangay gained a GWM of 2.38 or a “Less Problem” rating while

problem indicators along the areas of Revitalization of BADAC and Support the

Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operation both had a GWM of 2.32 or a QIR

of “Less Problem”. Based on the results, the recommendatory Plan of Action would focus

more on the function indicator which have gained the least in General Weighted Mean

(GWM) rating for the variable “Level of Performance” and highest GWM rating along

the variable “Problems Encountered”. Hence, it is therefore recommended that the

function indicators along Providing Assistance for PWUDs be the priority area for the

formulation of a recommendatory plan of action.

With the forgoing findings of this study, it was concluded that: Majority of the

BADAC respondents’ ages from 41 – 50 years old, male, married, were able to finish

college degree and working as self-employed. Majority of the respondents are elected

barangay officials who served the Sangguniang Barangay for less than a year. Majority of

the BADAC respondents has been a BADAC member for less than a year. Majority of

the BADAC respondents were able to attend seminars, trainings or other related activities

and have access to other sources of information regarding anti-illegal drugs campaign

such as television, radio, newspaper/magazine, and internet. The BADAC in Virac,

x
Catanduanes generally carries-out their mandated functions pursuant to existing laws and

regulations to support the governments’ overall effort on anti-illegal drugs with “High”

level of performance. The BADAC of Virac, Catanduanes generally rated the problems

along the five (5) function indicators as “Less Problem”. The priority area to deal with in

the formulation of a recommendatory Plan of Action must be along the indicator

“Provide Assistance for PWUDs”.

Based on the foregoing findings cited and the conclusions made, the following

recommendations were forwarded for consideration: Sustained massive social media and

tri-media campaign on anti-illegal drug abuse prevention and control – television, radio

and print media. Sustained drug-abuse prevention programs in schools and barangays

such as awareness lectures and IEC distribution. Conduct of continuous orientation,

seminars and/or trainings for the barangay officials and members of the BADAC on anti-

illegal drugs campaign programs. These should be widespread and continuously

sustained to ensure participation and mobilization of the members. Monitoring system on

the functionality of the BADAC must be implemented to ensure that the policy directives

are being carried-out in the barangay level. Strengthened pro-active measures undertaken

by the PNP on drug-abuse prevention through the conduct of regular barangay visitation,

dialogue, awareness campaign and BADAC mobilization. On monitoring and reporting

of drug-related information, it is very important to conduct strict monitoring, adequate

and timely reporting of drug-related cases/information in all barangay and municipality.

Hence, active involvement of barangay constituents is encouraged. Strengthen

networking among line agencies, people’s organization, and non-government

organization involved to gain their active support and participation. Energetic

xi
coordination with the Catanduanes State University Extension Services Office and other

government agencies offering extension service should be enforced. The provision of

adequate funds for the implementation of Anti-Drug Campaign Programs in the

provincial, municipal and barangay levels must be given due priority by the concerned

agencies and government officials. The provision of funds, through the provincial

government of Catanduanes and with the aid of legislation from the house of

representative for the construction and administration of rehabilitation and treatment

facilities for PWUDs in the province must be prioritized. The priority areas to deal with

should focus on “Provide Assistance for PWUDs”. On the other hand, with the absence

of treatment and rehabilitation facilities in province, the Community-Based

Rehabilitation Programs (CBRP) must be strengthened; ensure monitoring of PWUDs

undertaking CBRP to guarantee their progress to avoid relapse on drug use; and

necessary assistance and support system during community reintegration such as family

counseling, educational assistance and livelihood trainings, and referral for employment

must be continuously implemented. This study strongly recommends the full

implementation and execution of the Plan of Action (pls. see Appendix C, pp 111-114)

developed in the light of the forgoing findings to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs

campaign. And, future researchers may pursue similar studies related to this one.

Replication of this study in other settings may be done. Other researchable topic may

include: (a) Status of implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign by barangay

officials as perceived by the Community, (b) Cross-sectoral perceptions on Anti-Illegal

Drugs Campaign; and (c) Assessment of Community-Based Rehabilitation Treatment

Programs in Catanduanes

xii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

TITLE PAGE…..……………………………………………………………….. i

RECOMMENDATION FOR ORAL DEFENSE…………………………….. ii

RESULT OF ORAL EXAMINATION…………….………………………….. iii

APPROVAL SHEET……………………..………….………………………..... iv

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS………………………………………………….…. v

DEDICATION……………….………………………………………….………. vii

ABSTRACT………….……………………………………………………….…. viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS…………………………………………………….…. xiii

LIST OF TABLES………..…………………………………………………….. xvi

LIST OF FIGURES…..…..…………………………………………………….. xviii

CHAPTER

1 THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study………………………………….…. 1

Statement of the Problem…………………………………..... 5

Scope and Delimitation…………………………………….... 6

Importance of the Study…………………………….……….. 7

Definition of terms……………………………………….….. 9

2 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

Related Literature……...……………………………….……. 12

Related Studies………...………………………………….…. 20

xiii
CHAPTER Page

Synthesis of the State of the Art.…………………………….. 27

Gaps Bridged by the Study………………………………….. 28

Theoretical Framework…….….…………………………….. 29

Conceptual Framework…..………………………………….. 32

3 RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

Research Design…..………………………………………….. 35

Sources of Data………...……………………………….......... 36

Sampling Procedure….…………………………………......... 37

Instrumentation and Validation………………………………. 40

Data Gathering Procedure…………………….…………….... 43

Statistical Tools Used…...…………………….…………….... 44

4 LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL

DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-ILLEGAL
DRUGS CAMPAIGN

Profile of the BADAC……...…………….………………...... 46

Level of Performance of BADAC on
Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign….............………………… 54
Problems Observed by BADAC in the implementation of
Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign……………………………. 69

Recommended Plan of Action to Strengthen the

Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign…………….…………….… 81

5 SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

Summary……………………………………...………….…... 82

Findings...………………………………………………….…. 83

Conclusions….…………………………………………….…. 88

xiv
CHAPTER Page

Recommendations………………………………….………… 89

REFERENCES………………………………………………………..………… 93

APPENDICES

A. Letter to Government Offices……………………………….…………. 100

B. Letter to the Barangay Captain……………………………….………... 104

C. Action Plan…………………………………………………..…………. 116

D. Research Instrument (English Version)…………………….………….. 115

E. Research Instrument (Bicol Version)………………………..…………. 122

ATTRIBUTION………...……………………………………………..………… 129

CURRICULUM VITAE….....…………………………………………..……… 153

xv
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE Page

1 Population and Sample Size by Cluster………………………….. 39

1A Profile of BADAC along Personal Variables..…………………... 49
1B Profile of BADAC along Job Related Experiences.……………... 51
1C Profile of BADAC along Exposures to Anti-Illegal Drugs
Campaign………………………………………………….. 54
2A Level of Performance of BADAC along
Revitalization of BADAC…………………………………. 56
2B Level of Performance of BADAC along
Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy
Campaign in the Barangay………………………………… 60
2C Level of Performance of BADAC along
Provide Assistance for Persons Who Use Drug
(PWDUs)…………………………………………………... 62
2D Level of Performance of BADAC along
Support to the Implementation of Barangay
Drug Clearing Operations…………………………………. 65
2E Level of Performance of BADAC along
Encourage the Community to Report Drug-Related
Information………..……….……………………………… 67
2F Summary Result on the Level of Performance of
BADAC on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign............................ 68
3A Problems Observed by BADAC along
Revitalization of BADAC……............................................. 70
3B Problems Observed by BADAC along Conduct of Drug Abuse
Prevention Advocacy Campaign in the
Barangay…………………………………………………... 72
3C Problems Observed by BADAC along Provide Assistance for
Persons Who Use Drugs (PWDUs)…....………………….. 75
3D Problems Observed by BADAC along Support to the
Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing
Operations………………………………………...……….. 77

xvi
TABLE Page
3E Problems Observed by BADAC along Encourage the
Community to Report Drug-Related Information…………. 78
3F Summary Result on the Problem Observed by BADAC
on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign…………………………... 80

xvii
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE Page

1 The Bridging Leadership Framework………………….…….…. 31

2 Conceptual Paradigm of the Study…...…………………..…….. 34

xviii
 Chapter 1

THE PROBLEM AND ITS SETTING

Background of the Study

The issue on drug abuse has long been a national concern in the Philippines.

Although much has already been done and carried out in the national campaign to

eradicate illegal drugs, yet the problem persists, and it continues to breed social ills. While

most of the efforts lie upon the shoulder of law enforcement which is more on reactive and

punitive approach, we sometimes overlooked the proactive role of our local officials in the

grassroot level, the barangay officials. Being the frontline implementor of government’s

policies and programs where they have direct access to each member of the community,

their participation in this national issue is imperative and indispensable. Long before the

passage of other legal orders, the Local Government Code of 1991 framed after the 1987

Philippine Constitution, recognized and gave mandates to the barangay officials’ authority

to act and take part of providing a drug-free community. Now, despite all this and looking

back to what is happening, what could go wrong?

The drug problem is not merely a security or health issue, but also encompasses

social, economic, psychological, and economic interests, requiring the unified involvement

of various government agencies (Office of the President Memorandum Circular No. 89,

2015). Drug related incidents have been constantly present in our country and resulted in

multiple crime incidents. Despite the efforts of the Philippine National Police and other

law enforcement agencies of the government, their lingering presence threatens the peace

and order in the communities’ nationwide (DILG MC No. 2015-63).

 2

As cited in the PNP CMC No. 16-2016 dated July 1, 2016, according to the

Dangerous Drugs Board’s (DDB) 2015 National Household Survey, there were around 1.8

million drug users in the country wherein 38.36% of which are unemployed. Further cited

that, as of February 2016 Philippine Drug Enforcement Agency (PDEA) reported that

26.91% or 11,321 out of the barangay is said to be “drug-affected”, mostly in urban areas.

A barangay is said to be drug-affected when there is a proven existence of drug user,

pusher, manufacturer, marijuana cultivator or other drug personalities regardless of number

in the area. On record, NCR has the highest rate of affectation with 92.96% of the region’s

barangays, followed by CALABARZON at 49.28%. Based on PDEA’s 2015 arrest data,

methamphetamine hydrochloride or shabu (90%) reportedly tops the list of most abused

illegal drugs, followed by marijuana and costly party drugs like cocaine and ecstasy.

In the province of Catanduanes, as of March 2016, a total of 373 drug personalities

were noted, broken down into 97 drug pushers, 94 drug users, and 182 drug pushers/users.

The highest number of personalities involved on illegal drug trade in the province is in the

municipality of Virac with 148 offenders, wherein it has the most populace and highest

number of barangays in the province (Catanduanes Police Provincial Office IMPLAN to

CMC No. 16-2016). As of July 30, 2018 Report on Barangay Drug Clearing Operation,

from the 315 barangays in the island province of Catanduanes, 237 is still “drug-affected”

barangays. In Virac, Catanduanes 48 from the 63 barangays were noted as “drug-affected”.

The Republic Act No. 9165, otherwise known as the Comprehensive Dangerous

Drugs Act of 2002, provides that: "the State needs to enhance further the efficacy of the

law against dangerous drugs, it being, one of today's more serious social ills. Towards this

end, the government shall pursue an intensive and, unrelenting campaign against the
 3

trafficking and use of dangerous drugs and other similar substances. The government shall

however aim to achieve a balance in the national drug control program so that people with

legitimate medical needs are not prevented from being treated with adequate amounts of

appropriate medications, which include the use of dangerous drugs".

Cognizant to this, the Local Government Code of 1991 recognizes the Barangay as

the basic political unit in the Philippines. Accordingly, it serves as the primary planning

and implementing unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in

the community. The most powerful government officials in the Barangay are the Punong

Barangay and the Sangguniang Barangay Members. Every barangay has a Punong

Barangay, Seven Sangguniang Barangay Members, Sangguniang Kabataan Chairperson,

Barangay Secretary and Barangay Treasurer. They are meant to exercise executive and

legislative powers. In accordance with, the chief executive of the Barangay is given with

executive power for efficient, effective and economical governance, the purpose of which

is the general welfare of the Barangay and its inhabitants. On the other hand, the

Sangguniang Barangay Members shall enact ordinances as may be necessary to discharge

the responsibilities conferred upon it by law or ordinance and to promote the general

welfare of the inhabitants therein.

Further, Chapter 4, Section 391 of the Local Government Code under Powers,

Duties, and Functions of the Sangguniang Barangay states that the Sangguniang Barangay,

as the legislative body of the Barangay, shall: (h) Adopt measures towards the prevention

and eradication of drug abuse, child abuse, and juvenile delinquency.

In support to the foregoing provisions, DILG MC No. 2015-063 referring to the

“Revitalization of the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC) and their role in
 4

Drug Clearing Operation”, gave emphasis to the local authorities, particularly the barangay

officials, their principal responsibilities in support of overall government efforts to address

peace and order, particularly to curb illegal drugs and other substances. Anent to this, the

DDB Regulation No. 3 Series of 2017 provided the guidelines on the implementation drug

clearing program highlighting the creation and functions of the BADAC. Accordingly,

barangay officials must be actively involved in anti-drug activities while the sangguniang

kabataan must actively help maintain the drug liberated status of the barangay.

Corollary to the aforesaid regulation, the DDB issued Regulation No. 12, Series of

2004 which provide guidelines on clearing of drug-affected barangays empowering the

BADAC to implement government strategic policies on drug operations given the political

and police power of the barangay to administer the affairs of the community (cited in DDB

Regulation No. 2, Series of 2007).

Citing the above legal mandates and the present scenario on the issue of illegal

drugs in the province of Catanduanes, particularly in the municipality of Virac, this study

on the Level of Performace of Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) on

Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign came into the fore. It is in this context that a

recommendatory Action Plan (pls. see Appendix C, pp 111-114) was formulated along

with determining the BADAC’s extent of practice, level of performance, and problems

encountered to strengthen the campaign against illegal drugs.

 5

Statement of the Problem

This study aims to determine the level of performance of the Barangay Anti-Illegal

Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) on anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of

Virac, Catanduanes.

Specifically, it seeks answer to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Personal Variables

b. Job related experiences of BADAC member

c. Exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign

2. What is the level of performance of BADAC in support to the anti-illegal

drugs campaign along:

a. Revitalization of the BADAC

b. Conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay

c. Provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs)

d. Support the implementation of barangay drug clearing operations

e. Encourage the community in reporting drug-related information?

3. What are the problems observed by BADAC in the implementation of anti-

illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

4. What plan of action can be recommended to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs

campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

 6

Scope and Delimitation of the Study

This study assessed the BADAC’s level of performance on anti-illegal drugs

campaign. The variables included in this study are: (1) the profile of BADAC along

personal variables, job related experiences of BADAC member, and exposures to anti-

illegal drugs campaign, (2) the level of performance pursuant to their functions as BADAC

under existing laws and regulations, and (3) problems observed in the implementation of

anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

The locale of the study is the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes. Since the study

focused on the issue of illegal drugs, the scope of the study was delimited to the 48

identified “drug-affected” barangays (source: CATPPO – Updates on Barangay Drug

Clearing Operations as of July 30, 2018). The 48 barangays were then clustered based on

geographical areas as: coastal, upland, lowland and protected areas from which the 20%

desired sample size for clustered area were taken arriving at the 12 barangay – respondents

as the venue for the sources of data of the study.

This study involved the members of the BADAC from the 12 identified barangays

based on the submitted Barangay Executive Order(s) series of 2018 to Virac Municipal

Police Station and DILG, totalling to 94 respondents of this study. The BADAC –

respondents of this study were the following: Punong Barangay, Sangguniang Barangay

Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Peace and Order), Sangguniang Barangay

Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Women and Family), SK Chairman, School Principal

(Public) or Representative, Executive Officer/Chief Tanod, Representative of a Non-

Government Organization (NGO)/Civic Society, and Representative of a Faith-Based

Organization (i.e. Ugnayan ng Barangay at mga Simbahan or UBAS).

 7

Importance of the Study

The findings of this study gave valuable insights on the level of performance of

BADAC in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes along their powers and functions

pursuant to existing laws and regulations. Relatively, the results would benefit the

concerned agencies as it would disclose the end-users and arrived at decisions to initiate

measures to address and strengthen the barangays to become an active participant and self-

policing entity in the campaign against illegal drugs.

The Department of Interior and Local Government shall be made aware of the

BADAC’s level of performance and would make this study’s result as basis for developing

policies and extend necessary support in the form of trainings, seminars and develop

monitoring system to ensure the functionality of the BADAC.

The Philippine National Police and other Law Enforcement Agencies can gain

insights from the results of this study as baseline data for redirecting strategies to

strengthen and enhance the proactive measures in anti-illegal drugs campaign, such as

intensification of drug-demand reduction through information operations through the

conduct of barangay visitations, awareness lecture and BADAC mobilization; and

intensification of drug-supply reduction.

The data in this study could help the Barangay Officials and members of the

BADAC to be more aware of their duties and responsibilities being public officials

towards a “drug-free” community.

The outcome of this study would also provide better insights to the policy makers

and local government officials who can extend the needed support to the barangays in the

aid of legislation and funding assistance.

 8

The community in general can gain insights from the result of this study since they

will be aware of the how barangay officials/BADAC members take actions against the

proliferations of illegal drugs and making them aware of their responsibilities as citizens,

thus, making them supportive to all the efforts of the barangay officials and BADAC

members.

The academe is an important venue in disseminating information on illegal drugs.

Furthermore, this study would be very helpful to the Catanduanes State University, the

only state university in the province of Catanduanes, as the findings of this study would

serve as inputs for the university’s initiative to conduct extension services.

The local program implementation on anti-illegal drugs campaign must be

strengthened in the grass-root level to gain positive results. Likewise, the cooperation and

participation of all stakeholders is vital towards the realization of a “drug-free”

community. Towards the end, along with determining the BADAC’s level of performance

was a formulated Plan of Action to strengthen the BADAC towards becoming a pro-active

partner in the government’s over-all efforts against illegal drugs. The formulated Plan of

Action is the contribution of this study to the body of knowledge in Public

Administration.
 9

Definition of Terms

The following terms were operationally and/or conceptually defined to provide

clear understanding of the study:

Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign as used in this study was the strategies employed by

the BADAC to curb drugs issues in the barangay in respect to their mandated functions

pursuant to existing laws and regulations.

Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign as used in this study was the strategies employed by

the BADAC to curb drugs issues in the barangay in respect to their mandated functions

pursuant to existing laws and regulations.

Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC) is chaired by the Punong

Barangay, vice-chaired by the Sangguniang Barangay Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of

Peace and Order), Sangguniang Barangay Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Women and

Family); and with members: SK Chairman, School Principal (Public) or representative,

Executive Officer/Chief Tanod, representative of a Non-Government Organization

(NGO)/Civic Society, representative of a Faith-Based Organization (i.e. Ugnayan ng

Barangay at mga Simbahan or UBAS). Pursuant to existing laws and regulations, the

BADAC is vested with powers and functions in the eradication and clearing operations of

illegal drugs.

Barangay Drug-Clearing Operations is the clearing of drug-affected barangays

conducted in three (3) phases, namely: (a) Pre-operation Phase; (b) Operation Phase; and

(c) Post-operation Phase.

Drug-Affected Barangay refers to barangay that has reported presence of drug

user, pusher, manufacturer, marijuana cultivator, or other drug personality, drug den,
 10

marijuana plantation, clandestine drug laboratory and facilities related to production of

illegal drugs. As used in this study, refers to the 48 drug affected barangays in the

municipality of Virac, Catanduanes based on July 2018 Updates on Barangay Drug

Clearing Operations (source: Catanduanes Police Provincial Office).

Dangerous Drugs (Illegal Drugs) includes those listed in the Schedules annexed

to the 1961 UN Convention on Narcotics Drugs as amended by the 1972 Protocol, and in

the Schedules annexed to the 1971 UN Convention on Psychotropic Substances as

enumerated in the attached annex of, and an integral part of RA 9165 otherwise known as

the “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” (source: Revised PNP Manual on

Anti-Illegal Drugs Operations and Investigation).

Exposure to Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign refers to the attendance/non-

attendance to anti-drug seminars, trainings and other related activities of the respondents

including the frequency of their attendance (if attended), and other sources of information

regarding anti-illegal drugs campaign that may or may not influence their level of

performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign.

Level of Performance is the BADAC’s functionality in carrying-out their powers

and functions in support to anti-illegal drugs campaign pursuant existing laws and

regulations. The level of performance is measured in a four-point scale as: 4 – Very High,

3 – High, 2 – Low; and 1 – Very Low.

Personal Profile refers age, sex, civil status, highest educational attainment,

occupation, position held in the sangguniang barangay and length of service as barangay

officials/BADAC of the respondents that may or may not have an effect on their level of

performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign.

 11

Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) refers to individuals who have been using

illegal drugs and have subjected themselves for voluntary rehabilitation.

 Chapter 2

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE AND STUDIES

This Chapter presents the literature and studies reviewed related to the present

investigation. It also presents the theoretical and conceptual framework which served as

anchor of this study. Towards the end of the chapter, the synthesis of the state-of-the-art

and the gaps spanned by this study are also presented.

Review of Related Literature

Organizations are defined as social units of people that are structured and

managed to meet a need, or to pursue collective goals (Edwards, 2017). Commitment is a

whole of being and remaining a member of organization, having desire to strive for the

organization, and beliefs in organizational goals, and values. The main factor that makes

employees pleased to be a member of the organization and commit to the organization

emotionally is on account of the congruence of values and goals through individual and

organizational level. And thus, organizational commitment is the driving force behind the

organizational success (Zehir et.al. 2012).

It is commitment that gets the job done. This intense dedication is more powerful

than our best intentions, willpower, or circumstances. Without commitment, influence is

minimal; barriers are unbreachable; and passion, impact, and opportunities may be lost

(Maxwell, 1999 as cited by Starnes and Truhon). Mathieu and Zajac (1990) as cited by

Starnes and Truhon, have identified age, gender, education, perceived competence, and

protestant (or puritan) work ethic as personal characteristics which are important factors
 13

or prerequisites for the development of an individual’s level of organizational

commitment.

Leadership is an important element that often determines a team's success or

failure. The primary purpose of leadership is to ensure that the group fulfills all critical

functions necessary to its own maintenance and the accomplishment of its task. The

leader helps the team develop strategic direction, promotes effective teamwork, and

supports the coordination of collective actions. When team members are able to work

together effectively, the team can devote its resources to its tasks rather than to internal

team functioning. As a result, effective team leaders take on different role functions that

are required for team's performance and goal attainment. For example, by encouraging

team participation in decision making, leaders induce the feelings of empowerment. A

sense of ownership and responsibility for work outcomes facilitates goal commitment,

even when encountering setbacks (Cohen, et.al. 2018).

Potter (2004) as cited by Mazo (2017) identified the qualities of

transformational leadership as inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation,

individualized consideration, management by exception, and contingency reward. That

transformational leadership is centered on the capacity to move resources for greater

productivity. Bower (1997) as cited by Mazo (2017) said it requires adaptability and

flexibility. It is about leadership with values and meaning, and a purpose that transcends

short-term goals and focuses on higher order needs. In his study, the characteristics of a

transformational leader were observed in the decisions and actions taken by the local

chief executive in spearheading the creation of the community-based approach to

rehabilitate the drug “surrenderers”.

 14

Social cohesion — the ties that bind people together in communities and society

— can be an indicator of the health of communities, and drug abuse and criminality can

be a symptom of a “fractured” society — a society suffering from lack of cohesion

(International Narcotics Control Board, 2012). Drug use has long been considered an

important social problem. Proposals for dealing with drugs can be grouped into three

categories: increased or continued legal repression, better treatment of individual drug

users, and increased tolerance of drug use. Repression and improved treatment aim at

reducing the social problem drug use creates (Coleman & Cressey, 1984).

Indeed, the presence and proliferation of illegal drugs is a sign of a “fractured

society” which calls for a collaborative action with attention to lead the action by our

government officials. As the forefront implementer and trustee of the government’s basic

services, barangay officials’ responsiveness to the issue on illegal drugs attest their

leadership. Leadership is central to the concept of accountability. A leader is responsible

for all that his/her organization either does or fails to do. For a community policing

project to be successful, it must have full support of the leaders of that agency. Leaders

must not only voice their support, they must demonstrate it by their deeds and actions.

Leaders, at all organizational levels, need to “walk their talk”.

Article II, Section 5 of the Philippine Constitution states that the maintenance of

peace and order, the protection of life, liberty, and property, and promotion of the general

welfare are essential for the enjoyment by all the people of the blessings of democracy

(Garcia, 2015).

With the end aim of ensuring that the exercise of this state principles and policies

are felt down to the very core members of the community, the Local Government Code of
 15

1991 paved way to the creation and empowerment of Barangays and Barangays officials.

As the basic political unit, the Barangay serves as the primary planning and implementing

unit of government policies, plans, programs, projects, and activities in the community,

and as a forum wherein the collective views of the people may be expressed, crystallized

and considered, and where disputes may be amicably settled. Pursuant to Section 16 of

this Code, the Sangguniang Barangay shall exercise powers and perform duties for

efficient, effective and economical governance purposely to promote the general welfare

of the Barangay and its inhabitants.

Corollary to the above, several memorandum circulars and regulations with the

aim of capacitating the Barangays for the active participation in the anti-illegal drugs

campaign program of the government have been passed to accelerate the drive against

illegal drugs in our communities and to promote participation of local institutions in the

suppression of drug trafficking and abuse, Anti-Drug Abuse Councils were created in the

province, city, municipality and barangay.

In support to the foregoing, DDB Resolution No. 12, Series of 2004, was issued

empowering the BADAC to implement government strategic policies on drug prevention

and control given the political and police powers of the barangay to administer the affairs

of the community.

In 2015, DILG MC No. 2015-63 mandates the principal responsibilities; with

emphasize on the local authorities particularly the barangay officials, their principal

responsibilities in support of overall government efforts to address peace and order,

particularly to curb illegal drugs. Accordingly, the barangays, as the first line of defense,

should lead the fight against illegal drugs through the campaign, “Mamamayan, Sugpuin
 16

and Iligal na Droga” (MASID). As stipulated under the said DILG MC, the BADAC is

chaired by the Punong Barangay; vice chaired by Sangguniang Barangay

Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Peace and Order); with members Sangguniang Barangay

Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Women and Family), SK Chairman, School Principal

(Public) or Representative, Executive Officer/Chief Tanod, Representative of a Non-

Government Organization (NGO)/Civic Society, Representative of a Faith-Based

Organization (i.e. Ugnayan ng Barangay at mga Simbahan or UBAS); and the

City/Municipal Chief of Police or Representative as Adviser. In view of achieving an

integrated approach to the elimination of proliferation and use of illegal drugs, the

BADAC is vested with the following powers and functions in support to barangay drug

clearing operations:

a. Conduct regular meetings at least once a month and call for special
meetings whenever necessary;
b. Plan, strategize, implement and evaluate programs and projects on drug
abuse prevention in the barangay;
c. Organize the BADAC Auxiliary Team to compose an ideal number of
25 members per 2,000 population of the barangay representing streets,
puroks, subdivisions or sitios;
d. Orient the BADAC Auxiliary Teams of their role and functions and in
formulating plan of action to address the problem;
e. Equip Barangay Tanods Auxiliary Team on their roles and functions in
the campaign against street-level illegal drug trade through seminars or
trainings;
f. Coordinate and collaborate with other institutions implementing
programs and projects on drug abuse prevention at the barangay level;
g. Continuously gather and update data on all drug related incidents and
its effect on the peace and order situation in the barangay including
listing of suspected drug users and pushers;
h. Submit monthly report to the City/Municipal Anti-Drug Abuse Council
copy furnished the DILG City/Municipal Field Office;
i. Refer suspected drug users to the C/MADAC and other institutions for
corresponding counseling and/or rehabilitation;
 17

j. Conduct and Information, Education Campaign (IEC) on illegal drug

demand reduction;
k. Monitor disposition and progress of drug-related cases filed; and
l. Perform other related functions.

Further, DDB Regulations No. 3, series of 2017 among others, provides for

operational guidelines in the conduct of drug clearing operations at the barangay level, set

parameters for declaring “drug cleared” barangays and status of drug-affected barangays,

and establishment of oversight committees. In addition, the existing roles and

responsibilities of the BADAC and its committees created under DILG MC 2015-63 re:

Revitalization of the Barangay Drug Abuse Council and their Roles in Drug Clearing

Operations was strengthened by the said regulation.

On May 21, 2018, DILG and DDB issued Joint MC No. 2018-01 with subject

Implementing Guidelines on the Functionality and Effectiveness of Local Anti-Drug

Abuse Councils. The overall objectives of this Joint Memorandum Circular are the

following: (a) Set minimum standard functionality and effectiveness of local anti-drug

abuse councils that covers all provinces, cities municipalities, and barangays; (b)

Harmonize the inter-operability of all ADAC at all level; (c) Systematize an effective

ADAC monitoring and reporting mechanism; and (d) Set performance indicators of a

functional ADAC as measurement of effectiveness in support to the reduction of drug

affectation.

The government believes in addressing the problem of substances abuse in its

totality. This includes creating awareness, early identification, treatment and

rehabilitation and sustained follow-up care. Further, the government is of view that

substance abuse is a psycho social medical problem which can be best addressed through
 18

community-based interventions. Hence, special emphasis has been given for involving

and mobilizing the community (Saini & Puri, 2016).

At the community level, drug use can prevail when neighbors are inattentive,

barangay officials do not exercise supervision and control, and drug dealing is seen as an

alternative form of generating income. These individual, family, school, and community

factors contribute to the frequency, intensity and quality of drug dependency problems.

Thus, drug dependents vary on their level of needs with some individuals exhibiting

multiple problem areas. Thus, interventions must address specific factors, must be multi-

level, and have multiple components of supervision, support, and mentoring. Barangays

are in the best position to implement sustainable programs as they have contacts with

individuals, families, schools, and community. The barangays have also links with

external agencies whose resources, personnel, and expertise can be tapped, and thus

source the sharing of costs to run the program (Matic, 2017).

An essential component of effective local programming is collaboration among

various sectors of the community. Prevention, treatment, and law enforcement systems,

personnel, and resources are all part of the continuum of care vital to the success of anti-

drug strategies, and they can work together to respond to the costs of substance abuse.

Community leaders from schools, family groups, social services, police, probation, the

courts, and others are more effective working together than working alone. To combat

substance abuse and related crime, it is also important for communities to spend their

often-limited resources implementing programs that have shown promise. The growing

emphasis on “what works” requires that communities learn from each other and

implement program models with track records of success (Reno, et.al. 2000).
 19

Alongside the picture of drug problems as reinforcing community disintegration,

there is the reality of drug problems bringing about a mobilization of community actions

and effort, reflecting a broader movement of community involvement in tackling local

problems, and in turn influencing the motivation of government and institutions to

respond (Cullen, 2003).

As cited in one article of Ateneo School of Government: Policy Dialogue Report,

Davide 2016 reiterated the important role of leadership at the local level in addressing

illegal drugs under the leadership of Cebu Provincial Anti-Drug Abuse Council

(CPADAC). He recognized the CPADAC strong partnership with different agencies, the

private sector, civil society, and non-government and government organizations for

Cebu’s anti-drug abuse programs. Furthermore, the province of Cebu focuses and

addresses their problems in accordance with their capabilities and resources. They also

support the strengthening of local and barangay-based institutions, and they embraced the

participation of community and church-based organizations, as well as other

organizations. This allowed them to reach more communities more effectively, as

partnerships amplified the scale and scope of their efforts. Drug problem of the country

will not be solved through government polices alone. He emphasized the importance of

the shared responsibility of the government and the community, as well as coherent and

sustained policy approaches.

The fight against illegal drugs is not solely the responsibility of the police, it is the

responsibility of everybody. Recognizing the importance of information education

campaigns to capacitate parents, teachers, community leaders, etc., she also identified the

significance of communities building a safe environment for everyone. This underscores

 20

the need for child/youth/gender-sensitive drug policy framework, a supportive

bureaucracy, and budget and other resources to support the fight against illegal drugs

(Porio, 2016 cited in Ateneo School of Government: Policy Dialogue Report).

The National Anti-Drug Plan of Action for 2015 – 2020 published by DDB

depicted that despite the significant efforts and achievements in the fight against drug

abuse and illicit trafficking, numerous challenges and problems have been identified by

the drug prevention control community as well as the citizenry. In law enforcement, one

of the discerned challenges is the conduct of barangay drug clearing operations is not

prioritized by the Local Government Units. Likewise, in the fields of Civic Awareness

and Drug Demand Reduction, one of the identified problems which continue to persist is

the lack of interest or enthusiasm in the implementation of anti-drug abuse programs at

the elementary and high school and barangay levels (Dangerous Drugs Board).

The above cited readings were all related to the present study in the sense that as

public officials, barangay officials are viewed as leaders vested with powers and

functions to act on issues affecting the general welfare of the community, particularly on

the issue of illegal drugs. On the other hand, the related literatures presented were in

consensus on the context that the success of anti-illegal drugs campaign depends on the

participation of the community in general.

Related Studies

Manzano (2011) in his study Performance of the Philippine National Police in the

Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in the Municipality of San Gabriel

disclosed that among the identified problem encountered, weak prevention programs for
 21

illicit drug use and inactive Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) were

among the top problems encountered by the Philippine National Police in the

implementation of anti-illegal drug program in San Gabriel, Dagupan.

While the previous study deals with the performance of the PNP in the

implementation of anti-illegal drug Program, the present study addresses the findings of

the previous study focusing on the BADAC’s level of performance on anti-illegal drugs

campaign.

Gualberto (2015) in his study, exhibited the comparative responses of the PNP

and barangay officials on the extent of implementation of selected provisions from

Republic Act 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002) in Virac,

Catanduanes.

The previous study has direct bearing with the present study in the following

aspects; it exploited the barangay officials as one of the respondents, both studies was

anchored on R.A. 9165 and it utilized descriptive research design. However, while the

previous study focused on the implementation of R.A. 9165 as perceived by the PNP and

barangay officials, the present study focused on the determining the BADAC’s level of

performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign. Further, while the previous study covers

only the selected provisions of R.A. 9165, the present study exhausted the policy

directives based on BADAC’s powers and functions guidelines contained on various

DILG and DDB memorandum circulars and regulations, particularly, DILG MC 2012-94,

DILG MC 2015-063, DILG & DDB Joint MC 2018-01, and DDB Regulation 3, s 2017

supplemented by the provisions embodied in the PNP anti-illegal drugs campaign

 22

directives and Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs

Act of 2002”capacitating the barangay officials in the campaign against illegal drugs.

The descriptive-documentary analysis study conducted by Camano (2015) titled

Crime Situation in Virac, Catanduanes: Basis for Crime Mapping, pinpointed the

different index and non-index crimes committed covering the period of 2010 to 2014 in

the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes. Among others, the violation of specials laws,

particularly, RA 9165 – Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 ranked number

three with 47 reported cases covering the said period.

The previous study highlighted the violations to RA 9165 as one of the most

prevalent crimes committed in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes which supported

one of the anchorages of this study – that the issue of illegal drugs is alarming. While

both studies utilize the descriptive type of research, it differs as the previous study made

use of documentary analysis and the present study made use of descriptive-quantitative

approach to determine the BADAC’s level of performance on anti-illegal drugs

campaign.

As featured in the 2018 International Journal of Advanced Research, Rovero et.al.

(2018) assessed the functionality of BADAC members in the performance of their duties

and functions in the three (3) phases of Drug Clearing Operations in the barangay as

embodied in DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2015-66. It likewise included the profile

of the respondents and the significant difference of the perception on functionality

between the two groups of respondents - BADAC Members and resident-respondents.

From the results the study, the following recommendations were drawn: (a) there is a

need for further intervention program from the DILG, City Government of Tuguegarao
 23

and all other concerned government agencies in order to further capacitate the members

of the BADAC; (b) the members of the community must lend hand to the BADAC and

must also serve as its watchdog so that the members continue to strive in performing their

duties and that complacency on their part will never finds its place; and (c) all members

of the community and other stakeholders must be engaged and mobilized by the BADAC

members in the campaign against Illegal Drugs so that a Drug free community becomes

achievable.

The above cited study showed similarity to the present study as it analysed the

functionality of the BADAC as embodied in the DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2015-

66. It also looked into the profile of the respondents – age, gender, position, civil status,

and barangay as one of the main variables. On the other hand, the present study differs as

it assessed the BADAC’s level of performance with references to the different PNP,

DILG and DDB directives to come-up with a recommendatory action plan to strengthen

the anti-illegal drugs campaign. Further, aside from the profile variable, the present study

exploits the variable “exposure to PNP anti-illegal drugs campaign” as factors affecting

the respondent’s level of performance which the previous study did not cover.

In the published 2014 University of Cebu Journal of Research in Multi-

Disciplinary Studies, Tagsa Jr. et.al. (2014) conducted a study titled, Assessment of Anti-

Illegal Drug Reduction Strategy of Panglao PNP which assessed the effectiveness of

anti-illegal drugs reduction strategy of Panglao PNP in the context of drug demand

reduction and drug supply reduction. The study also dealt with the problems encountered

by the PNP. The study revealed that the anti-illegal drug reduction strategy enforced by

Panglao PNP is rated effective. One beneficial strategy, which can be implemented in
 24

Bohol, is the Drug Supply Reduction Strategy for police officers and Drug Demand

Reduction Strategy for the community. The study recommended that drug education

activities should be continuously conducted to raise community awareness and to orient

the people regarding their significant role in the campaign against illegal drugs. Likewise,

full activation of BADAC and BIN is highly encouraged to eradicate entirely or curb the

drug demand and supply in the community.

The previous study is also similar to the present study based on the variables used

– drug demand reduction and drug supply reduction strategies, as these were form part of

the BADAC’s core functions.

Westhoff (2013) underscored in her study Ronald Reagan’s War on Drugs: A

Policy Failure but a Political Success, that the media played an instrumental role at

gaining public support for the War especially during Reagan’s second term. The media

broadcasted anti-drug messages and news reports showing images of what drug use can

do for the individual as well as their community.

Duncan (2012) studied Racial Disparities Associated with the War on Drugs. She

concluded that the media play a significant role in determining what society deems as

important. The media, in what they portray and in what they choose not to portray,

reinforce moral boundaries in society. In viewing the media in terms of the war on drugs,

it is pertinent to explore the role of the media have played in shaping public opinion. On

television, in news magazines and in newspapers, the media have at times accepted and

amplified the government's claim that illegal drug use was approaching epidemic

proportions.
 25

Kapoor (2011) in his study titled Awareness of the Rural People about

Environment Protection through Mass Media exposed that television and radio were the

most preferred information tools in environmental awareness.

Garcia (2013) studied Climate Change Awareness of the Barangay Officials in the

Municipality of Saint Bernard, Southern Leyte. The findings of the study showed that, all

(100%) of the barangay officials have heard about climate change. Most 33% signified

that they learned about climate change through watching television, 19% from school,

13% from newspaper, 12% through conversation with family members, 9% from internet,

8% from a book and another 6% from word of mouth.

Higher media coverage on intervention related topics was important in raising

awareness on community and political level (Holder, 2000; Huckle, et al., 2005; Voas, et

al., 2002 as cited by Havere 2012). This higher awareness lead to behavioral changes,

especially when this media coverage was on enforcement. Furthermore, local media

served as a lightning rod for enthusiasm and provided local staff and project participants

with a sense of efficacy and the potential for change (Havere, 2012).

The above-cited studies relates to the present study as it highlights the variable

“media” affecting the behavior and awareness. With the inclusion of the variable

“exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign”, the present study determines which forms of

media – television, radio, internet, and newspaper/magazines were most reliant in

providing information on anti-illegal drugs campaign.

In the study Evaluation of Drug Abuse Prevention Programmes For Adolescents

in Secondary Schools, Bhengu (2014) aims to evaluate the drug abuse prevention

programmes for adolescents in secondary schools and the effect that they have on
 26

attitudes, knowledge and behavior. Results of the study concluded that behavioral change

and attitude change cannot be solely the responsibility of the school, but that this also

needs the involvement of other role players like parents and the community.

Chanila (2015), in his study Assessment of Strength and Limitations of Drug Use

Interventions: A Case of Kinondoni Municipality revealed that among the identified

factor/conditions that hinder effectiveness of the fight of drug abuse in Tanzania, limited

awareness of the community happened to be the leading of all factors mentioned. Thus,

the study recommended the need of the government to enhance community awareness

initiatives against drug use in the entire country and collaboration between actors and

intervention programmes should be enhanced to utilize the merger resources effectively.

Ronoh (2014) conducted a study titled Effectiveness of Drug and Substance Abuse

Prevention Programs in Selected Public and Private Universities in Kenya, findings

showed that Primary Prevention Level - targeting the general public or whole population

or group before the problem starts, was the predominant intervention activity with low

rate student awareness of prevention programs and activities. It also showed poor student

participation, inadequate resources, poor implementation methods and negative student

attitude being the major challenges to effective implementation.

The cross-sectional descriptive study of Reis and Oliveira (2015) titled Drugs and

Violence: Social Perception in a Community aimed at investigating social perception on

street drugs and violence in a community in northwestern Paraña revealed that the main

reason for drug use and distribution was related to the absence of policing. People

perceived that the presence of violence was mostly related to drug abuse as a result of the

absence of policing and drug traffic fighting in the community.

 27

Synthesis of the Related Literature and Studies

The extant related literature and studies supported some points in the study. They

explained that the anti-illegal drugs campaign requires a concerted effort from all

agencies of the government and civil society. It also postulated strengthening the

campaigns in the grassroots level, the barangay, due to weak policy implementations. The

BADAC then, plays a significant role as they are in the best position to act and lead in the

prevention, detection, reporting and response to any forms of drug abuse in the barangay.

In the study of Manzano (2011) on the Performance of the Philippine National

Police in the Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in the Municipality of San

Gabriel, it disclosed that among the identified problem encountered, weak prevention

programs for illicit drug use and inactive Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council

(BADAC) were among the top problems encountered by the Philippine National Police in

the Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drug Program in San Gabriel, Dagupan.

Rovero et.al., (2018) assessed the functionality of BADAC members in the

performance of their duties and functions in the three (3) phases of Drug Clearing

Operations in the barangay as embodied in DILG Memorandum Circular No. 2015-66.

From the results the study, the following recommendations were drawn: (a) there is a

need for further intervention program from the DILG, City Government of Tuguegarao

and all other concerned government agencies in order to further capacitate the members

of the BADAC; (b) the members of the community must lend hand to the BADAC and

must also serve as its watchdog so that the members continue to strive in performing their

duties and that complacency on their part will never finds its place; and (c) all members

of the community and other stakeholders must be engaged and mobilized by the BADAC
 28

members in the campaign against Illegal Drugs so that a Drug free community becomes

achievable.

Tagsa Jr. et.al. (2014) conducted a study titled, Assessment of Anti-Illegal Drug

Reduction Strategy of Panglao PNP which assessed the effectiveness of anti-illegal drugs

reduction strategy of Panglao PNP in the context of drug demand reduction and drug

supply reduction. Based on the findings, the study recommended that drug education

activities should be continuously conducted to raise community awareness and to orient

the people regarding their significant role in the campaign against illegal drugs. Likewise,

full activation of BADAC and BIN is highly encouraged to eradicate entirely or curb the

drug demand and supply in the community.

Gualberto (2015) in his study, exhibited the comparative responses of the PNP

and barangay officials on the extent of implementation of selected provisions from

Republic Act 9165 (Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002) in Virac,

Catanduanes.

Gap/s Bridged by the Present Study

The researcher’s review of Related Literature and Studies revealed that while

most of studies on anti-illegal drugs campaign focused on preventive measures conducted

by schools and different agencies, the performance of the PNP in the implementation of

anti-illegal drug program, and the implementation of selected provision of R.A. 9165 as

perceive by the PNP and barangay officials, there is no study yet conducted focusing on

BADAC’s level of performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign.

 29

On the other hand, while some previous study presented focused on the

functionality of BADAC, it excluded the profile variable “exposures to anti-illegal drugs

campaign”, and “problems observed” by the respondents which the present study

included.

Further, the present study aims to address the recommendations made by the

earlier researchers that the community itself thru its local leaders, the barangay officials,

can address the issue of illegal drug abuse in the barangay level. It also aims to contribute

to the scant local research material available on anti-illegal drugs campaign, particularly

focused on barangay drug prevention. At the same time, it also hopes to produce baseline

data by determining the BADAC’s level of performance on their function areas pursuant

to existing laws and regulations towards the formulation of an Action Plans in support to

anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

Theoretical Framework

This portion present the theories associated in the light of the study.

Organizational behavior is the study of beliefs, attitudes, and behaviors displayed

by people in the workplace. Behavioral scientists argue that managers who know why

workers behave the ways they do are better equipped to motivate employees to contribute

to the achievement of organizational goals. Gray & Starke (1988) explain that the process

for obtaining the knowledge involves understanding, prediction, and control.

Accordingly, understanding is aimed at identifying and measuring (as accurately as

possible) the major factors affecting a situation. If understanding is successful, patterns of

behavior may emerge, and one can make certain predictions about behavior in light of
 30

acquired knowledge. The ability to understand then predict makes it possible to control

behavior (cited in the Primer of Organizational Commitment by Starnes and Truhon).

The study is also supported by the idea of Bridging Leadership Theory. The

concept behind the theory is for attaining social objectives and outcomes. Key to the

leadership concept is the capacity of the individual to move from a personal

understanding and ownership of a social issue to a collective action to resolve the issue.

One segment of the process is focused on self-awareness and involves developing a sense

of personal Ownership of a societal problem and the response to it. The bridging leader

acknowledges the range of his assets (i.e. values, education, experiences, family

background, etc.) which when accumulated comprise his leadership capital. Knowing his

capital, the leader examines how these assets are put to use to benefit the wider society.

Another aspect of bridging is moving from self to forging relationships with those who

have stake on the problem. Building Co-Ownership involves getting stakeholders

together to deepen their understanding of the issue, to recognize how they are part of the

problem and the solution, and to acknowledge the need for collective response. This part

involves convening various parties to the issue (including those who are conflict with

others), facilitating constructive dialogue to arrive at a common understanding of the

issue, managing conflicts and coming up with a collaborative response. The third part of

bridging is Co-Creation, or the actual work of collaboration. Here, the commitment to

work collaboratively is translated into clear goals, outputs and targets that will lead to the

resolution of the problem. Innovative plans and programs are drawn by the collective,

guided by the principles of transparency, accountability, participation and resource

 31

sharing. In pursuing the programs, the group tries to attain their common vision through

concrete mechanism and strategies.

Figure 1. The Bridging Leadership Framework

In as much as the present study is concern, focus was centered on determining the

BADAC’s level of performance, as well as, determining the problems encountered along

with the implementation of anti-illegal drugs. Towards the end is a plan of action in

support to the over-all efforts in the campaign against illegal drugs. This study was

further supported by the concept of Juego (1998) that the success or failure of a certain

policy or program depends on the willingness and involvement of the people. The

willingness and involvement of the people are primarily determined by the extent of their

awareness, in terms of knowledge, attitudes, beliefs, and commitment. Awareness and

commitment on the other hand are influenced by interplay of factors, among others, the

socio-demographic characteristics of the people.

 32

Conceptual Framework

On the basis of the foregoing concepts, this study advanced the idea that the goal

of a drug-free barangay depend on the collaborative efforts of the members of the

community. More so, it lays upon the shoulders of the local officials through the BADAC

on how to mobilize the community in addressing the societal issue of illegal drug use.

Hence there is a need to determine the BADAC’s level of performance pursuant to their

functions. In the light of evaluating the level of performance, the study determined the

profile of the barangay officials and BADAC members along personal variables and

exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign. Likewise, it determined the level of

performance and problems encountered. Once all these variables are determined,

intervention could be identified and improved plan of action in support to barangay anti-

drug campaign could be laid out.

Figure 2 shows the conceptual paradigm of the study wherein the profiles of the

respondents were identified as one of the contributory factors in the transformation

process. The profile of the respondents were consisted of (a) personal variables which

includes of age, sex, civil status, highest educational attainment, and occupation; (b) job-

related experiences of BADAC members along position held in the sangguniang

barangay, length of service in the sangguniang barangay, and length of service as

BADAC; and (c) exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign with the following indicators:

frequency of attendance to anti-illegal drugs activities and other sources of information

on anti-illegal drugs campaign. It likewise looked into the level of performance of the

respondents to anti-illegal drugs campaign along: (a) revitalization of the BADAC, (b)

conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay, (c) provide
 33

assistance for PWUDs, (d) support required in the implementation of barangay drug

clearing operations, and (e) encourage the community in reporting drug-related

information. The problems observed were also identified as another contributory factor in

the transformation process designed for this study. After digging into the respondent’s

profile, level of performance, and their problems observed, a plan of action were drawn,

hence it served as the output of the study.

 34

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

Barangay Anti- Anti-Illegal

Determining the
Illegal Drugs Drugs
BADAC’s Level Drug-Free
Abuse Council Campaign
of Performance Barangays
(BADAC) Action Plan to
on Anti-Illegal
in Virac, be adopted
Drugs Campaign
Catanduanes

Figure 2. Conceptual Paradigm of the Study

 Chapter 3

RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODOLOGY

This Chapter presents the methodology of research with specific emphasis on the

design of the study, sources of data, population of the study, sampling technique,

instrumentation and validation, data gathering procedure and statistical tools used.

Research Design

The study made use of a descriptive-quantitative approach utilizing questionnaire

as the main instrument to gather the data on the BADAC’s level of performance on anti-

illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes. It is a descriptive-

quantitative type since this study determined and identified the respondent’s profile along

personal variables, job-related experiences of BADAC members and exposures to anti-

illegal campaigns, the level of performance, and the problems observed in the

implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign.

Descriptive research describes and interprets “what is”. It is concerned with

conditions or relationships that exist; practices that prevail; beliefs and processes that are

going on; effects that are being felt or trends that are developing (Catane, 2000 cited by

Araojo, et.al., 2005).

A researcher-made questionnaire was designed to determine the respondent’s

level of performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign based on BADAC’s powers and

functions contained on DILG and DDB memorandum circulars and regulations,

particularly, DILG MC 2012-94, DILG MC 2015-063, DILG & DDB Joint MC 2018-01,

and DDB Regulation 3, s 2017 supplemented by the provisions embodied in the PNP
 36

anti-illegal drugs campaign directives and Republic Act 9165 otherwise known as

“Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002”.

Sources of Data

The primary sources of data in this study were the BADAC – respondents

composed of: Punong Barangay, Sangguniang Barangay Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of

Peace and Order), Sangguniang Barangay Member/”Kagawad” (Chair of Women and

Family), SK Chairman, School Principal (Public) or Representative, Executive

Officer/Chief Tanod, Representative of a Non-Government Organization (NGO)/Civic

Society, and Representative of a Faith-Based Organization. This was also supplemented

by data obtained through documentary reviews and reading materials consisted of

memorandum circulars from DILG, DDB and PNP, website searching, books, journals,

theses, and other printed materials related to this study especially in the construction of

the research instrument.

The clustered barangays by geographical areas were determined by the Municipal

Planning and Development Office of Virac, Catanduanes. On the other hand, the list of

“drug-affected” barangays and the list of BADAC members (as per Barangay Executive

Order No. s 2018) for each barangays in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes were

taken from Catanduanes Police Provincial Office (CATPPO) and Virac Municipal Police

Station.
 37

Sampling Procedure

The population of this study was composed of BADAC members in the selected

12 drug affected barangays of Virac, Catanduanes of which were 12 Punong Barangays,

24 Sangguniang Barangay Members (Chairman on committees Peace and order; and

Women and Family), 12 Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Chairman, 11 School

Representatives/Principals, 12 Ex-O/Chief Tanod, Nine (9) NGO/CSO Representative;

and 12 Representatives form Religious Organization, in totality 92 respondents were

involved in this study.

The following steps were employed in determining the population of the study.

Step 1: Determination of Population

The list of drug-affected barangays and BADAC compositions in the municipality

of Virac, Catanduanes were taken from CATPPO and Virac Municipal Police Station,

respectively. The Municipal Planning and Development Office (MPDO) were then

consulted for the geographical classifications of barangays in the municipality of Virac,

Catanduanes.

Considering that the population and geographical area covered in this study is

large, the researcher utilized the cluster sampling or sometimes called area sampling.

According to Agresti and Finlay (2009), Cluster Sampling divides the population into a

large number of clusters. Select simple random of the clusters and use the subjects in

those clusters as sample. Further, they posited that a cluster sample uses only a sample of

the clusters, rather than all of them.

Since the municipality of Virac is composed of 63 barangays, the study delimits

its population to the 48 “drug-affected” barangays in Virac, Catanduanes. The 48

 38

barangays were then clustered according to geographical areas as: coastal, upland,

lowland, and protected. The sampled 20% (Calderon, et.al., 1993 cited by Araojo, et.al.,

2005) was used to determine the number of barangay-respondents from each

geographical clustering.

Step 2: Determination of the Sample Element

After determining the number of barangay-respondents, Lottery Sampling was

used to identify the actual barangay-respondents for each geographical clustering. Lottery

sampling was used for every area since it was deemed to be the most appropriate

sampling to use. Each individual area was chosen entirely by chance and each member of

the population had an equal opportunity of being included in the sample (Zorilla, et.al.

cited by Razal, 2018). The final respondents in the study were the BADAC members

from the selected barangay-respondents through the Lottery Sampling.

In determining the actual size of the population the researcher encoded the names

of the drug-affected barangays for each cluster of which there were 16 coastal barangays,

14 upland barangays, 12 lowland barangays and six (6) protected areas. The lists were

printed by geographical areas with the specific names of barangays cut into pieces with

same length and width, rolled using a ball pen and put into a small box with labels for

every cluster area. After having shaken the box, the researcher picked one rolled paper at

a time from the box until the desired numbers of barangay-respondents in every cluster

are was obtained.

From the total of 63 barangays of the Municipality of Virac, the sample sizes for

each geographical area were as follows: four coastal barangays (Francia, Gogon Centro,

Igang and Ibong Sapa), three upland barangays (Calatagan Proper, Danicop, and Palta
 39

Big), three lowland barangays (Sta. Elena, Marcelo Alberto, and Capilihan); and two

barangays classified as protected areas (Tubaon and Hicming). All the barangays from

the four geographical area classifications were represented and thus included in the study.

The list of the total population is presented on Table 1. It presents the population

and sample size by cluster. As shown on the table, Column 1 presents the categories of

the barangay into coastal, upland, lowland and protected areas, while Column 2 indicates

the number of drug-affected barangays according to categories. Column 3 shows the

sample size of the population, Column 4 presents the number of respondents from the 12

selected barangays, Column 5 indicates the number of questionnaires distributed; and

Column 6 shows the number of questionnaires retrieved

Table 1
Population and Sample Size by Cluster

Drug
Sample Number of Number of
Barangay Affected Number of
Size Questionnaires Questionnaires
Clustering Barangays Respondents
(n = 20%) Distributed Retrieved
(N)
Coastal 16 4 31 31 31

Upland 14 3 24 24 23

Lowland 12 3 23 23 23

Protected 6 2 16 16 15

Total 48 12 94 94 92
 40

As shown on Table 1, the retrieval of the questionnaire was not 100%. Since all

BADAC respondents were already enumerated, the researcher personally administered

the distribution of the questionnaire. However, during the data gathering, two BADAC

respondents refused to answer the questionnaire due to lack of knowledge as being

BADAC member. Efforts were exerted to convince the subject respondents to participate

in the study but still remain futile. Observing the ethical principles of research under the

“right to self-determination”, the researcher respected the decision of the respondents not

to participate in the study. The BADAC members who refused to answer were the school

representative from Barangay Danicop and NGO/NSO representative from barangay

Hicming. On the other hand, substitution method for the two respondents were

immaterial and were not employed for the reason that BADAC members for every

barangays were already in place or specific as provided by existing laws and regulations.

With the two (2) respondents from the 94 total samples refused to answer the

research instrument, the total of 92 samples then represented the entire population of this

study.

Instrumentation and Validation

A researcher-made questionnaire was used in this study to gather the research

data. With the assistance of the research adviser, panel members, DILG Officers, and key

officers from the PNP, its face validity was determined. They are knowledgeable persons

since they have been engaged in the field of research, an experienced local government

operations officers and members of the Regional/Provincial Anti-Illegal Drugs Special

Operation Task Group (R/PAIDSOTG), respectively. Their suggestion and

 41

recommendations were incorporated in the final draft of the research instrument. Upon

the approval of the draft by the research adviser, distribution of the final approved

questionnaire was conducted to the 94 respondents in the 12 selected barangays of the

municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

The questionnaire is composed of three parts. The first part is composed of

questions regarding the profile of the BADAC members. The second part is composed of

close-ended questions regarding the respondent’s level of performance on anti-illegal

drugs campaign based on BADAC’s powers and functions pursuant to existing laws and

regulations, particularly guidelines contained on various DILG and DDB memorandum

circulars and regulations. The 4-point scale used for this section is as follows:

Quantitative Qualitative Qualitative Description

Rating Rating

4 Very High 76% - 100% of the function of

BADAC are carried-out

3 High 51% - 75% of the function of BADAC

are carried-out

2 Low 26% - 50% of the function of BADAC

are carried-out

1 Very Low 1% - 25% of the function of BADAC

are carried-out
 42

The third part of the questionnaire is composed of closed-ended statements on

problems observed by the BADAC. The 4-points scale used for this part is as follows:

Quantitative Qualitative
Qualitative Description
Rating Rating

4 High Problem 76% - 100% denotes a high significant

3 Moderate
Problem
2 Less Problem
1 Not a Problem
effect to the BADACs implementation
of anti-illegal drugs campaign
program
51% - 75% denotes a moderate
significant effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program
26% - 50% denotes a less significant
effect to the BADACs implementation
of anti-illegal drugs campaign
program
1% - 25% denotes a minor or
manageable effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program

The questionnaire was translated in Bicol following the recommendation of the

research adviser and panel members. All questionnaires were coded for easy reference.

In order to establish the reliability of the questionnaire, the researcher subjected

this to pre-test and post-test. The tests were administered to BADAC members of

barangay Cavinitan, Virac, Catanduanes. The pre-test was conducted on the second week

of November 2018. After two weeks, the researcher subjected the questionnaire to post-

testing with the same pre-test respondents.

Upon retrieval, the questionnaires were checked and subjected to a reliability test

using Pearson Product-Moment Coefficient of Correlation (r) wherein the computed

 43

value is 0.92. According to Blay (2013) and Narag (2010), an “r” between + 0.90 to +

1.00 suggests high correlation. Hence, the research instrument was highly reliable.

Data Gathering Procedure

In gathering the data, the following steps were utilized: (1) determining the actual

number of target barangays, (2) determining the BADAC – respondents; and (3)

distribution of questionnaires.

To start the study, a letter was sent to the office of the DILG LGOO, Virac,

Catanduanes requesting for permission to conduct the study. Upon approval from the

DILG office, coordination letter was sent addressed to the Barangay Captains of the 12

barangay respondents of study.

Data gathering proper was conducted from the last week of November 2018 until

the second week of January 2019. The researcher personally administered the distribution

of questionnaires to the BADAC members. Clarifications on the questionnaire were

sufficiently responded to by the researcher to the respective respondents before leaving to

ensure appropriateness of responses. In some instances, some respondents requested the

researcher to fill-up the data on their behalf during the one-on-one interview, and have

affixed their names and signatures on the questionnaire.

After all questionnaires were retrieved, gathered data were organized, tabulated,

and subjected to statistical treatment for better analysis and interpretation.

 44

Statistical Tools

The data was analyzed and interpreted using the following statistical tools to

answer the specific questions in this study:

Frequency count was used in tallying the respondent’s profile, the level of

performance, and the problems observed.

Percentage. This is the size of one figure in comparison to other such as personal

profile and exposure to anti-illegal drugs campaign. It is a proportion or share in relation

to a whole and can be obtained by dividing the magnitude of a part (frequency) by the

magnitude of the whole (total number) multiplied by one hundred. After determining the

frequency of responses, the percentage shall be computed to identify the relationship of

each indicator among each other. To compute for percentage, the researcher used the

formula:

F
P = N x 100

Where:
P = Percentage
F = Frequency
N = Number of Cases

Weighted mean is used to interpret the Likert Scale to determine the BADAC’s

level of performance, and problems observed on anti-illegal drugs campaign. The

formula used for this is:

∑ 𝑓𝑥
x= N

Where:
x = weighted mean
∑ = summation
fx = frequency product and individual
N = population
 Chapter 4

LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS ABUSE

COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN

This chapter presents, analyses, and interprets the result of the study on the

BADACs’ level of performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of

Virac, Catanduanes. The discussion of the topics followed the sequence of the problems

identified in this study. The topics include the following:

1. The profile of the respondents in terms of personal variables, job related

experiences of BADAC member, and exposure to anti-illegal drugs campaign.

2. The level of performance of the respondents in support to the anti-illegal

drugs campaign along revitalization of the BADAC, conduct of drug abuse prevention

advocacy campaigns in the barangay, provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs

(PWUDs), support the implementation of barangay drug clearing, and encourage the

community in reporting drug-related cases.

3. What are the problems observed by BADAC in the implementation of anti-

illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

4. What plan of action can be recommended to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs

campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

 46

Profile of BADAC along Personal Variables

Table 1A presents the profile of the respondents along personal variables in terms

of age, sex, civil status, highest educational attainment and occupation.

Age. As shown from Table 1A, majority of the respondents fall under age bracket

41 – 50 years old with the highest frequency of 35 or 38.04%. The youngest among the

respondents falls under the age bracket 19 years old and below with a frequency result of

two (2) or 2.17% while the oldest respondents ages above 70 years old with a frequency

of four (4) or 4.35%.

Section 39, Title II, Chapter II of the Local Government Code of 1991 requires

that a candidate for the Punong Barangay and Barangay Kagawad must at least be

eighteen (18) years old on Election Day. Although, age is also not included in the criteria

for choosing sectoral representatives of BADAC, Pastor (1999) inferred that older or

more mature persons tend to be more respected than younger ones. This is a quality that

is necessary in the task of settling members of the barangay. Respect and belief in the

persons handling the disputes presented to the lupon would lead to easier and faster

settlement. Meanwhile, Costudio (1995) found out that age had an impact on the

executives’ perceptions. In her study, age was identified as a biological variable that

might affect respondents’ career perceptions for the reason that the developmental stages

of individuals’ careers are dependent on age.

Gender. Majority of the BADAC members are male. This account for 62

BADAC members or 67.39% while 30 or 32.61% are females. The underlying reason

why male are more often chosen than female in constituting barangay affairs is that the

tradition of male dominated or patriarchal society is still prevalent. A study

 47

conceptualized by Custodio (2000) posits that men’s and women’s work-related

perceptions could be seen along two different dimensions. Accordingly, Women

perceived life as network of social relationships with the individual as its center; hence,

they value sense of identity in the workplace. Men on the other hand perceived life in

terms of independence, decisiveness and dominance; hence, they view the world in terms

of rights and principles that can be defended and used as a basis for decision making.

Civil Status. As reflected on the table, most of the respondents are married with a

frequency count of 55 or 59.78%, followed by 22 respondents or 23.91% who were

single, 10 or 10.87% were categorized as widows/widowers, four (4) or 4.35% claimed to

be in a live-in/common law civil status; and only one (1) respondent or 1.09% claimed to

be separated from their partner. The marital profile was included as variable in this study

based on the opposing conclusions made by Padmanbhan & Magesh (2016) that

unmarried employees can perform well than married employees since their commitment

towards their family and other circumstances are considerably less when compared to the

married employees; and Ueda (2013) that married persons demonstrated higher levels of

work values than unmarried persons did because of their obligations to fulfill to their

families.

Highest Educational Attainment. Based on the collected data, from among the

92 respondents, majority of 26 or 28.26% were college graduate, followed by 19 or

20.65% as college undergraduate, 11 or 11.96% claimed that they are either high school

graduate or have earned units in advance education, 10 or 10.87% were not able to

complete their high school education, seven (7) or 7.61% respondents claimed to be a

master’s degree holders, and six (6) or 6.52% are high school undergraduates. The least
 48

number of responses or a frequency of two (2) or 2.17% signified to be a graduate of

vocational courses and no one claimed that they were either an elementary undergraduate

or a Doctorate degree holder. These findings showed that the respondents were literate

enough to understand and perform their functions as BADAC members.

The Local Government Code of 1991 does not mention about the qualification of

barangay officials as to educational attainment. It is only required that a candidate is able

to read and write Filipino or any other local language or dialect. But, Turtuga (1997) as

cited in the study of Aranel (2018) recommended that there should be an amendment of

the Philippine Constitution to raise the education qualifications of those running for

public office. This was supported by Hubag (2001) as cited by Aranel (2018) that college

level barangay officials has high capability in performing their task as barangay officials.

Occupation. With regard to occupation, Table 1A showed that 51 or 55.43% of

the respondents are self-employed BADAC members working as tricycle drivers,

farmers, fisher folks and vendors. For government employees, 17 or 18.48% of the

respondents belongs to rank and file status while 10 or 10.87% where in the middle

management. For those employed in private sector, 13 or 14.13% were considered rank

and file employee and one (1) or 1.09% claimed to be in the top management.
 49

Table 1A
Profile of BADAC along Personal Variables

Personal Variables Frequency Percentage

Age
19 and below 2 2.17
20 – 30 10 10.87
31 – 40 10 1.87
41 – 50 35 38.04
51 – 60 24 26.09
61 – 70 7 7.61
71 and above 4 4.35
Total 92 100
Sex
Male 62 67.39
Female 30 32.61
Total 92 100
Civil Status
Single 22 23.91
Married 55 59.78
Widow/Widower 10 10.78
Separated 1 1.09
Live-in/Common Law 4 4.35
Total 92 100
Highest Educational Attainment
Elementary Graduate 6 6.52
High School Undergraduate 10 10.87
High School Graduate 11 11.96
Vocational/TVET 2 2.17
College Undergraduate 19 20.65
College Graduate 26 28.26
Master’s Units Earned 11 11.96
Master’s Graduate 7 7.68
Total 92 100
Occupation
Government Service:
Middle Management 10 10.87
Rank and File 17 18.48
Employment in the Private Sector:
Top Management 1 1.09
Rank and File 13 14.13
Sel-Employed 51 55.43
Total 92 100
 50

Profile of BADAC along Job Related Experiences of BADAC Members

Table 1B presents the job related experiences of BADAC members. This portion

exposed the respondents profile along position held in the sangguniang barangay, length

of service in the sangguniang barangay, and length of service as BADAC member.

Position Held in the Sangguniang Barangay. As presented on Table 1B, 48 or

52.17% of the total respondents involves the BADAC members who were part of the

barangay council comprising of 12 Punong Barangays, 24 Sangguniang Barangay

Members or “Barangay Kagawad” (chairperson of committees peace and order, and

women and family) and 12 Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) chairperson. On the other hand,

the 44 or 47.83% were the BADAC representatives which include 11 school principals

(public) or representative, 12 executive officer/Ex-O, nine NGO representatives, and 12

representatives from religious/faith-based organizations.

Length of Service in the Sangguniang Barangay. This portion accounts only for

the 48 BADAC members who were part of the barangay council, namely: Punong

Barangays, Sangguniang Barangay Members or “Barangay Kagawads”, and SK

chairperson. As revealed from the Table 1B, 27 or 56.25% of the respondents’ length of

service in the Sangguniang Barangay ranged from below 12 months which means

majority of the respondents were newly elected barangay officials from May 2018 Local

Elections, followed by eight (8) or 16.67% who served for above nine years, six (6) or

12.50% served the barangay for 4 – 6 years, while four (4) or 8.33% were in active

barangay service ranging from 7 – 9 years; and three (3) or 6.25% were in the service

from 1 – 3 years.
 51

Length of Service as BADAC Member. Table 1B presents that 66 or 71.74% of

the respondents has been a BADAC member for less than a year, 18 or 19.57% served as

BADAC for 3 – 4 years and eight (8) or 8.70% were in the service from 1 – 3 years.

Table 1B
Profile of BADAC along Job Related Experience of BADAC Members

Job Related Experience of BADAC Members Frequency Percentage

Position Held in the Sangguniang Barangay

Punong Barangay 12 13.04
Sangguniang Barangay Member
12 13.04
(Chairman on Peace and Order)
Sangguniang Barangay Member
12 13.04
(Chairman on Women and Family)
Sangguniang Kabataan 12 13.04
Sub-Total 48 52.17
School Principal (Public) or Representative 11 11.96
Exec. Officer/Chief Tanod 12 13.04
Representative, NGO/CSO Organization 9 9.78
Representative, Faith Organization 12 13.04
Sub-Total 44 47.83
Total 92 100
Length of Service in the Sangguniang
Barangay
Below 12 months 27 29.35
1 – 3 years 3 3.26
4 – 6 years 6 6.52
7 – 9 years 4 4.35
Above 9 years 8 8.70
Total 48 52.17
Length of Service as BADAC Member
Below 12 months 66 71.74
1 – 3 years 8 8.70
4 – 6 years 18 19.57
Total 92 100
 52

Job related experiences of BADAC members along position held and length of

service were influencing factors in the exercise of their duties and functions. According

to Kotur & Anbazhagan (2014) with the increase in work experience the workers tend to

exhibit relatively better performance. This was supported by conclusion made by Hunter

Jr (2017) that there is significant positive relationship between prior-related work

experience and job performance outcomes.

Profile of BADAC along Exposures to Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Table 1C presents the exposures of the respondents to anti-illegal drugs campaign

along number of training hours attended, frequency of attendance to anti-illegal drugs

campaign activities, and other sources of information regarding anti-illegal drugs

campaign.

Frequency of Attendance to Anti-Illegal Drugs Activities. As gleaned from

Table 1C, for those who were able to attend anti-illegal drug campaign seminars,

trainings or other related activities, 19 or 20.65% responded that they have attended

relevant seminars and trainings for three times, 16 or 17.39% of the BADAC members

were able to attend for four times, 14 or 15.22% attended for five times, 13 or 14.13%

attended anti-drug seminars, trainings or relevant activities thrice, and 8 or 8.70% said

they were able to attend once.

In the informal interview with the BADAC – respondents during the distribution

of questionnaires, it was stressed that the BADAC really need seminar/training on drug

abuse prevention. Pastor (1999) proved that there is significant relationship between

trainings attended and the rate of performance that is, those who have attended relevant
 53

trainings, seminars are faster performers than those who have not attended any relevant

trainings, seminars or conferences. As implementor of government strategic policies on

drug abuse prevention and control and given the complexity of drug issue, exposures to

trainings among the BADAC/barangay official must be sufficient enough to ensure

efficiency and responsiveness. Training must not confined alone on the reiteration of

policy directives but rather includes workshop and formulations anti-drug strategies

Other Sources of Information regarding Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign. For

the respondents’ sources of information on anti-illegal drugs campaign, 92 or 100%

responded that their source of information on anti-illegal drugs campaign is the

television, 44 or 47.83% responded that their source of information on anti-illegal drugs

campaign is the radio, 36 or 39.13% responded that their source of information is the

newspaper/magazine, 32 or 34.78% responded that their source of information on anti-

illegal drugs campaign is the internet, and three (3) or 3.26% responded that aside from

the sources of information mentioned, they have gained information on anti-illegal drugs

campaign through personal inquiry to reliable person or relayed information. It should be

noted that for this item, the respondents may indicate any or all sources of information on

anti-illegal drugs campaign listed in the questionnaire. Duncan (2012) concluded that the

media play a significant role in determining what society deems as important. Higher

media coverage on intervention related topics was important in raising awareness on

community and political level (Holder, 2000; Huckle, et al., 2005; Voas, et al., 2002 as

cited by Havere 2012).

 54

Table 1C
Profile of BADAC along Exposures to Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Exposures to Anti-illegal Drugs Campaign Frequency Percentage

Attended Anti-Illegal Drugs Seminar, Training
or other related activities
Yes 70 76.09
No 22 23.91
Total 92 100
Frequency of Attendance to Anti-Illegal Drugs
Seminars, Trainings and other related
activities
Fifth 14 15.22
Fourth 16 17.39
Thrice 19 20.65
Twice 13 14.13
Once 8 8.70
Total 70 76.09
Other Sources of Information regarding
Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign
Internet 32 34.78
News Paper/Magazines 36 39.13
Radio 44 47.83
Television 92 100.00
Others Sources 3 3.26

Level of Performance of BADAC on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

The BADACs’ level of performance on anti-illegal drugs campaign along the

function areas of revitalization of the BADAC, conduct of drug abuse prevention

advocacy campaigns in the barangay, provide assistance for PWUDs, support the

implementation of barangay drug clearing operations, and encourage the community in

reporting drug-related information are presented on Tables 2A – 2E. On their respective

tables, Column 1 indicates the BADAC functions with their respective sub-function

indicators. Column 2 presents the 4-point scale of rating frequencies for the level of
 55

performance. Column 3 contains the weighted mean and Column 4 and 5 indicate their

respective quantitative and qualitative responses.

Level of Performance of BADAC along Revitalization of the BADAC. As

reflected on Table 2A, the general weighted mean of 2.76 or a qualitative rating “high”

was rated for the level of performance of BADAC along their functions on the

Revitalization of the BADAC. Specifically, out of its six function indicators, Enacted

ordinances and enforces laws in support to anti-illegal drugs campaign obtained the

highest weighted mean of 2.97 or “High” qualitative rating. This means that the BADAC

implements policies and programs that would help in the eradication of illegal drugs in

the barangays. This was supported by the study of Razal (2018) that barangay officials

displayed high sense of competency in the maintenance of public order in the barangay

evident of the appointments of barangay police and enforcement of all laws and

ordinances as the most signified functions that they have accomplished.

The second highest weighted mean response along level of performance was

given to the function indicator Conduct of regular meetings (at least once a month or call

for special) with a weighted mean of 2.77 or a qualitative rating of “high”. This was

followed by the indicators Prepare BADAC Plan of Action (WM - 2.76), Capacity

building to BADAC members through attendance to trainings, seminar, etc. (WM – 2.75)

which were all viewed to be carried-out by the BADAC with “high” level of

performance. Masagca, J.T., Masagca M. T. & Chunxiang, M. (2009) supported the claim

of the respondents on capacity building. Their study concluded that since transparency

and participation are affected by the lack of knowledge and capabilities of the barangay

officials, regular activities of capacity building through trainings, workshops, courses

 56

with nominal durations, and degree or non-degree programs to be pursued in tandem with

the various academic and non-academic organizations involved in local governance must

be undertaken.

Table 2A
Level of Performance of BADAC along Revitalization of the
Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC)

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions Frequency
WM QnR QIR
1 2 3 4
a. Reorganized BADAC with
Committee on Advocacy and 1 36 39 7 2.63 3 High
Committee on Operations
b. Preparation of BADAC Plan of
1 26 29 12 2.76 3 High
Action
c. Organized BADAC Auxiliary
2 28 30 8 2.65 3 High
Team
d. Enacted ordinances and
enforces laws in support to 1 15 44 15 2.97 3 High
anti-illegal drugs campaign
e. Capacity building to BADAC
members (e.g. attendance to 3 27 28 15 2.75 3 High
trainings, seminar, etc.)
f. Conducted of regular meetings
(at least once a month or call 1 23 27 11 2.77 3 High
for a special meeting)
General
2.76 3 High
Weighted Mean
Legend: Level of Performance (1 – Very Low, 2 – Low, 3 – High, 4 – Very High);
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

The function indicator Organized BADAC Auxiliary Team had a weighted mean

of 2.65 or a qualitative rating of “High”. The least weighted mean of 2.63 was rated for

Reorganized BADAC with Committee on Advocacy and Committee on Operations. The

concept of community policing is to engage active participation of the community with a

 57

mission to organize the different community sectors and forge a united front in the fight

against crime, terrorism, insurgency, and other forms of lawlessness. The reorganization

of BADAC conforms to the concept of community policing in a form of community

organizing. Accordingly, community organizing is a problem-solving approach whereby

the community is empowered with the knowledge and skills to identify and prioritize its

needs and problems, harness its resources to deal with these problems and take action

collectively

Level of Performance of BADAC along Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention

Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay. The level of performance in the Conduct of

Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay is highlighted on Table 2B

with nine (9) function indicators included in this portion. The table shows that the

respondents carries-out the following function indicators with “High” level of

performance given the general weighted mean of 2.82 or a quantitative response of 3. It

can be noted that this portion covers function indicators on community awareness on the

present issue of illegal drug which entails community participation. One of the five

common goals of community policing is empowerment. Accordingly, empowerment

includes the delegation of the authority and responsibility necessary to resolve those

public safety related problems which are the targets of the community-policing program.

With this delegation of authority and responsibility comes access to those resources

necessary to effectively implement-problem solving solutions. When a community is

empowered, it possesses the capability and desire to address those public safety issues

which degrade the quality of life within the community.

 58

Looking at the individual weighted mean results, Sports Development Programs

(e.g. basketball tournament, etc) had the most signified sub-function with a weighted

mean of 3.33 or a qualitative rating of “High” level of performance. This means that

sports and development programs in the barangay were fully carried-out such as “liga”,

inter-color basketball tournament, sport fest activities and construction of sports facilities

in the barangay as means of anti-drug strategy. In the study of Razal (2018), it was

attested that on the area of accountability along the exercise of general supervision over

the activities of the Sangguniang Kabataan activities through Sports and Development

Council, such as conduct of basketball tournament is the most significant activity of the

Sangguniang Kabataan. The findings of the present study is further supported by Razal Jr

(2004) that the formulation of annual sports plan and the conduct of Annual Palaro ng

Bayan were the two projects highly implemented by SK Municipal Federation Presidents

of Catanduanes in their barangays. Accordingly the formulation of annual sports plan is

indispensable since this is being incorporated in their SK Budget. The indicators

Designation of “Drug-Free Zones”, Dialogue with the different organizations in the

barangay (e.g. PTCA, youth, senior citizens, TODA, etc.), conduct of Youth Camps

through school affairs such as Boy and Girl Scout Jamborees were all responded to have

carried-out with “High” level of performance in support to anti-drugs campaign in the

barangay. As shown also on the table, BADAC respondents regarded School Visitation

being one of the most rated as carried-out also by the BADAC with “High” level of

performance. This can be attributed to the inclusion of school representative as member

of the BADAC. According to Reno et.al., (2000) schools can play a powerful role in

prevention as teachers and administrators often are the first to detect warning signs of
 59

possible drug problems, such as poor school attendance or declining academic

performance. Effective school programs teach young people to resist drugs by developing

personal and social skills, such as decision making, stress management, communication,

social interaction, conflict resolution, and assertiveness. In addition, these programs can

enhance awareness and resistance skills. Students learn that most of their peers do not use

drugs, and they learn to recognize social and peer influences on drug use. With this new

awareness, youths are better able to resist the pressure to use drugs. Conduct of capability

enhancement to the residents (e.g. seminars, awareness lectures etc.) had the lowest

weighted mean of 2.57 among the sub-functions but still carried-out with “High” level of

performance. This meant that the BADAC recognizes the role of the community in the

anti-drug campaign. According to the concept of community policing, when the

community is empowered and as empowered stakeholders, they are no longer passive

recipients of the police services but active participants in the maintenance of peace and

order.

Porio (2016) recognizes the importance of information education campaigns to

capacitate parents, teachers, community leaders, etc., she also identified the significance

of communities building a safe environment for everyone. This underscores the need for

child/youth/gender-sensitive drug policy framework, a supportive bureaucracy, and

budget and other resources to support the fight against illegal drugs.
 60

Table 2B
Level of Performance of BADAC along Conduct of Drug Abuse
Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions Frequency
WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Allocation of budget for anti-
1 30 21 14 2.73 3 High
drug campaigns
b. Conduct of capability
enhancement to the residents 1 35 20 9 2.57 3 High
(e.g. seminar, lectures, etc.)
a. Information Education
Campaign (IEC) materials 0 15 17 7 2.79 3 High
distribution
b. Posting of anti-illegal drugs
campaign advisory e.g. 0 24 18 7 2.65 3 High
infographics, tarpaulin etc,
c. Sports Development Programs
(e.g. basketball tournament, 0 4 44 30 3.33 3 High
etc)
d. School Visitation 0 26 25 11 2.76 3 High
e. Youth Camps 0 16 16 8 2.80 3 High
f. Designation of “Drug-Free
0 15 17 10 2.88 3 High
Zones”
g. Dialogue with the different
organizations in the barangay
0 24 38 14 2.87 3 High
(e.g. PTCA, youth, senior
citizens, TODA, etc)
General
2.82 3 High
Weighted Mean
Legend: Level of Performance (1 – Very Low, 2 – Low, 3 – High, 4 – Very High);
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

Level of Performance of BADAC along Provide Assistance for Persons Who

Use Drugs (PWUDs). Table 2C shows five function indicators of BADAC along Provide

Assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) which garnered a general weighted

mean of 2.63 and all of the five function indicators along this area had a rating of “High”
 61

level of performance. The function indicator Monitoring System for those Undertaking

Community-Based Rehabilitation Programs obtained the highest weighted mean rating of

2.85 or a quantitative rating of 3. The respondents also gave credit on function indicator

Reintegration Programs (e.g. livelihood trainings etc.), as means of providing assistance

to PWUDs. Reno, et.al. (2000) stated that substance abuse treatment often encompasses

more than treating addiction; it also involves helping clients prevent relapse when

treatment ends. Vocational and educational training, and access to health care and other

social services, are provided by many treatment programs to help prepare their clients for

life in the community when the structure and supervision of treatment are no longer there

to support them. In addition to helping treatment participants re-enter society, some

programs serve another vital function in the community by reaching out to the

underserved (such as homeless addicts and those at high-risk for HIV) to engage them in

treatment.

Meanwhile, functions indicators aftercare programs such as counseling activities

to the PWUDs and conduct of counseling activities to the families of PWUD were rated

“High”, respectively, as among the supports provided by the BADAC to PWUDs. Based

on the forgoing result, counseling activities to the families of PWUDs cannot be

disregarded. Reno, et.al. (2000) mentioned that parents are powerful influences in the

lives of their children. Through words and actions they can provide key guidance on

alcohol, tobacco, and other drug use. Parents have a critical role to play in prevention—

not only within the family, but also in collaboration with schools and community groups.

Research shows that the more often parents talk with their children about the dangers of

alcohol and other drugs; the less likely it is that their children will experiment with them.
 62

Increasingly, prevention programs are being designed to enhance parent-child

communication and improve other family skills. Parental disapproval of delinquency and

drug use can counteract the peer pressure youngsters experience to engage in these

activities.

Table 2C
Level of Performance of BADAC along Provide Assistance for
Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs)

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions Frequency
WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Referral for Rehabilitation 1 25 16 5 2.53 3 High

b. Monitoring System for those

undertaking community-based 0 23 16 15 2.85 3 High
rehabilitation treatment

c. Reintegration Programs (e.g.

0 23 12 7 2.62 3 High
livelihood trainings, etc)
d. Conduct of counseling
activities to the families of 0 23 18 3 2.55 3 High
PWUDs
e. Aftercare program such as
counseling activities to the 0 23 17 5 2.60 3 High
PWUDs
General
2.63 3 High
Weighted Mean
Legend: Level of Performance (1 – Very Low, 2 – Low, 3 – High, 4 – Very High);
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

The least weighted mean rating of 2.53 falls under the function indicator Referral

for Rehabilitation but still carried-out with “High” level of performance by the BADAC.

To extend prompt support to those who want to avail the Community-Based

Rehabilitation Program, rehabilitation/referral desks were established in every barangay.

 63

According to LGA (2013) cited by Razal (2018), responsiveness to the public meant

extend prompt, courteous, and adequate service to the public. Unless otherwise provided

by law or when required by the public interest, one shall provide information on his

policies and procedures in clear and understandable language, ensures openness of

information, public consultations and hearings whenever appropriate.

Level of Performance of BADAC along Support in the Implementation of

Barangay Drug Clearing Operations. As revealed on Table 2D, the general weighted

mean of 2.83 or “High” was rated for level of performance of BADAC along their

function area on Support in the Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operations.

The Dangerous Drugs Board (DDB) Regulation No. 3, series of 2017 provided guidelines

on the implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Program. Section 6 of the same

regulation states that the clearing of drug affected barangay shall be conducted in three

(3) phases: (a) pre-operational phase; (b) operational phase; and (c) post-operation phase.

Further, Section 8 of the same regulation provided parameters for declaring “drug-

cleared” status of drug-affected barangays to be verified by the oversight committee

(Sections 9, 10 and 11), namely:

a. Non-availability of drug supply;

b. Absence of drug transit/transshipment activity;
c. Absence of clandestine drug laboratory;
d. Absence of clandestine drug warehouse;
e. Absence of clandestine chemical warehouse;
f. Absence of marijuana cultivation site;
g. Absence of drug den, dive, and resort;
h. Absence of drug pusher;
i. Absence of drug user/dependent;
j. Absence of drug protector/coddler and financier;
k. Active involvement of barangay officials to anti-drug activities;
l. Active involvement of SK to help maintain the drug-liberated status
of the barangay;
 64

m. Existence of drug awareness, preventive education and information,

and other related programs, and
n. Existence of voluntary and compulsory drug treatment and
rehabilitation processing desk.

Looking at the weighted mean result of each function indicators, Assist the PNP

and PDEA during legitimate anti-drug operations, such as, act as witness, testify in

court, etc., had the most signified function indicator with a weighted mean of 3.14 or a

qualitative rating of “High” level of performance. This proves that the barangay officials

strongly support the PNP and other law enforcement agencies to combat the proliferation

of illegal drugs in the community. Further, the result showed strong adherence to Section

1 of the Dangerous Drugs Board Resolution No. 3, series of 2017 with subject

strengthening the Implementation of Barangay Drugs Clearing Program that all

barangays in ever local government unit shall establish its Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse

Council (BADAC) within its territorial jurisdiction which shall render assistance to the

law enforcement agencies in the eradication and clearing operations of illegal drugs. The

study conducted by Gualberto (2015) supported this claim. His finding revealed that from

among the difficulties encountered as perceived by the PNP and barangay officials in the

implementation of RA 9165 or the Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002 “lack

of cooperation from barangay officials” was perceived to be a “moderate problem”.

 65

Table 2D
Level of Performance of BADAC along Support in the Implementation of
Barangay Drug Clearing Operations

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions Frequency
WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Organize house cluster with
1 29 29 15 2.78 3 High
cluster leaders
b. Establishment of
Rehabilitation and Referral 0 28 17 15 2.78 3 High
Desk
c. Designate a barangay
Rehabilitation and Referral 0 27 21 15 2.81 3 High
Desk Duty Officer
d. Identify and consolidate
records of drug affected places
0 30 30 8 2.68 3 High
in the barangay (e.g. purok,
streets, etc)
e. Identify and consolidate
records of suspected drug 1 25 29 10 2.74 3 High
users or pushers
f. Submit consolidated records of
places and personalities to
MADAC or Local PNP for 0 24 28 16 2.88 3 High
validation and formulation of
watch list
g. Submit documentary
requirements for drug clearing
1 18 34 13 2.89 3 High
needed by the oversight
agencies
h. Continuous drug abuse
prevention programs, e.g.
1 21 37 13 2.86 3 High
awareness lectures, sports
program, etc.
i. Mobilize auxiliary teams to
ensure sustainability as “Drug 2 24 27 12 2.75 3 High
Cleared” barangay
j. Assist the PNP and PDEA
during legitimate anti-drug
0 12 36 22 3.14 3 High
operations, such as, act as
witness, testify in court, etc
General
2.83 3 High
Weighted Mean
Legend: Level of Performance (1 – Very Low, 2 – Low, 3 – High, 4 – Very High);
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating
 66

Level of Performance of BADAC along Encourage the Community in

Reporting Drug-Related Information. Table 2E shows four functions indicators to

Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-Related Information. The data revealed

that a general weighted mean of 2.86 with a rating of “High”. This meant that the

indicated function indicators were employed by the barangay and seen to be an effective

strategy in encouraging the members of the community to report information relating to

drug use. Among the indicators, the use of Barangay Hotline got the majority weighted

mean of 3.31. The second highest weighted mean rating of 2.83 or a qualitative rating of

“high” falls under the indicator use of Suggestion/Drop Box. This was followed by the

indicator Issuance of Protection Orders for those who divulge information and/or

personalities involved in illegal drugs. Garnering the least weighted mean rating of 2.58

or “High” was rated for the indicator Award and Commendation System.

Encouraging community participation is an important aspect in the concept of

reciprocal responsibility and participation. The very core principle of participation is

about the active involvement of people in public planning and decision making. This is

anchored on the Right to Participate in Government or the “right of citizens to freely,

voluntarily, effectively and fully participate in government, and in processes constituting

the conduct of public affairs, without sanction or threat”. The doctrine of reciprocal

responsibility, on the other hand, requires shared commitment and participation of all

stakeholders, law enforcement, and the public in general to work together towards the

attainment of a healthy and peaceful environment. On the context of community-based

policing, this focuses on two elements which play a major role in the peace and order

effort, the police and the community. While the police focused on anti-crime activities –
 67

prevent, dissuade, and restrain, the public shares in the functions of: prevention policing

(I refuse to be a victim), persuasive policing (I refuse to be a criminal), and self-policing

(I refuse to be violent).

Table 2E
Level of Performance of BADAC along Encouraging the
Community in Reporting Drug-Related Information

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions Frequency
WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Award and Commendation
2 12 7 5 2.58 3 High
System

b. Barangay Hotline 2 8 28 34 3.31 3 High

c. Suggestion/Drop Box 3 9 14 9 2.83 3 High

d. Issuance of Protection Orders 2 14 9 9 2.74 3 High

General
2.86 3 High
Weighted Mean
Legend: Level of Performance (1 – Very Low, 2 – Low, 3 – High, 4 – Very High);
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

Summary Results on the Level of Performance of

BADAC on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Based on the findings on the level of performance on the different functions areas

of the BADAC according to the chronological sequence of results, it was revealed on

Table 2F that the highest General Weighted Mean (GWM) of 2.86 was taken by the

function area along Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-Related Information,

followed by Support the Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operations (2.83),

Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay (2.82),

 68

Revitalization of the BADAC (2.76); and with the least GWA of 2.63 was gathered by the

function area along Provide Assistance for PWUDs. As a general summary of the result

on the level of performance of BADAC on anti-illegal drugs campaign along

revitalization of the BADAC, conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in

the barangay, provide assistance for PWUDs, support the implementation of barangay

drug clearing operations, and encourage the community in reporting drug-related

information revealed that the BADAC of Virac, Catanduanes generally carries-out their

mandated functions to support the governments’ overall effort on anti-illegal drugs with

“High” level of performance.

Table 2F
Summary Results on the Level of Performance of
BADAC on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions
WM QnR QlR

1. Revitalization of the BADAC 2.76 3 High

2. Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention and

2.82 3 High
Advocacy Campaign in the Barangay
3. Provide Assistance for Persons Who Use
2.63 3 High
Drugs (PWUDs)
4. Support the Implementation of Barangay
2.83 3 High
Drug Clearing Operations

5. Encourage the Community in Reporting

2.86 3 High
Drug-Related Information

General Weighted Mean 2.78 3 High

Legend: WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating
 69

Based on the results on the level of performance of the BADAC on their functions

areas, it is deemed necessary that the least in general weighted average result be focused

on as the priority areas to deal with to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs campaign in the

barangay. Hence, it is therefore recommended that the function area on Providing

Assistance for PWUDs whose general weighted mean of 2.63 rated as “High” be the

priority areas to look into by the government authorities, DILG, PNP and other

government agencies to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of

Virac, Catanduanes. This study has developed a sample Plan of Action (pls. see

Appendix C, pp 111-114) as starting point or benchmark for agencies concerned to

enhance their individual programs in providing assistance for PWUDs.

Problems Observed by BADAC in the Implementation of

Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

The problems obseerved by BADAC in the implementation of anti-illegal drugs

campaign are presented on Table 3A – 3E. On their respective tables Column 1 indicates

the function areas with their respective problems indicators. Column 2 presents the 4-

point scale of rating frequencies. Column 3 contains the weighted mean and Column 4

and 5 indicate their respective quantitative and qualitative responses.

Problems Encountered by BADAC along Revitalization of the BADAC. As

reflected on Table 3A, the general weighted mean of 3.22 or “Less Problem” was rated

for all problem indicators along Revitalization of the BADAC. Specifically, out from its

six indicators, Lack of funds gained the highest weighted mean rating of 2.40, followed

by Non-functional BADAC Committee on Advocacy with a weighted mean of 2.38, Non-

functional BADAC Auxiliary Team with a weighted mean of 2.36, Non-functional

 70

BADAC Committee on Operations with a weighted mean of 2.34 and BADAC Plan of

Action not Implemented garnered 2.34 weighted mean rating. The problem indicators

Lack of understanding on the roles and responsibilities as BADAC, No BADAC Plan of

Action, Regular BADAC meeting are not held and Lack of Cooperation were all viewed

by the respondents as “Less Problem”.

Table 3A
Problems Observed by BADAC along Revitalization of the BADAC

Frequency
Problem Indicators WM QnR QlR
1 3 4 5
a. Lack of understanding on
the roles and 26 28 27 11 2.25 2 Less Problem
responsibilities as BADAC

b. No BADAC Plan of Action 30 18 32 12 2.28 2 Less Problem

c. BADAC Plan of Action not
27 20 32 13 2.34 2 Less Problem
implemented
d. Regular BADAC meeting
29 23 28 12 2.25 2 Less Problem
are not held
e. Lack of cooperation 30 24 22 16 2.26 2 Less Problem
f. Non-functional BADAC
27 23 22 20 2.38 2 Less Problem
Committee on Advocacy
g. Non-functional BADAC
31 20 20 21 2.34 2 Less Problem
Committee on Operations
h. Non-functional BADAC
27 25 20 20 2.36 2 Less Problem
Auxiliary Team
i. Lack of fund 23 23 32 14 2.40 2 Less Problem
General
2.32 2 Less Problem
Weighted Mean
Legend: 1 – Not a Problem; 2 – Less Problem; 3 – Moderate Problem; 4 – High Problem;
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating
 71

On the issue of fund support, the result is consistent with the findings stated in

2015-2020 National Anti-Drug Plan of Action (NADPA), that in spite of the significant

efforts and achievements in the fight against drug abuse, numerous challenges and

problems have been identified by the drug prevention control community as well as the

community. In general, all endeavor against drug problem experience and suffer from

lack of adequate budgetary allocation to fully support drug abuse prevention and control

programs and projects. On the other hand, pursuant to Section 51, Article VII of RA 9165

otherwise known as “Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002” and other existing

laws and regulations, states that the Local Government Units are enjoined to appropriate

funds for barangay drug-clearing operations. And, the local PNP Unit shall submit annual

budget proposal for barangay-drug clearing operations to the Local Chief Executive

(LCE) to form part of the executive budget of the LGUs for appropriation by the Local

Sanggunian.

Problems Observed by BADAC along Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention

Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay. As revealed on Table 3B there are five problem

indicators along Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the

Barangay. From the data presented on the table, all the indicators resulted to a general

weighted mean of 2.38 and qualitatively rated as “Less Problem”. Looking at the

individual weighted mean ratings, BADAC’s lack of training and orientation to facilitate

drug advocacy campaign programs had the most signified problem with a weighted mean

rating of 2.53 or a qualitative rating of “Moderate Problem”. This meant that supports in

a form of trainings and capacity building are needed to capacitate the BADAC,

particularly, in the facilitation of advocacy campaign programs. This was followed by

 72

indicators Inadequate IEC materials and other campaign facilities and Lack of awareness

by the residents to the anti-illegal drugs campaign with a weighted mean rating of 2.51

and 2.46, respectively. One of the strategies of drug demand reduction is civic awareness

and response strategy. The concept is to increase community awareness and social

responsibility on the ill effects of dangerous drugs, and advocate social response by the

promotion of the non-use of dangerous drugs through community information and

development activities; observance of specials events; production, publication and

distribution of IEC materials; implementation of public communication strategies through

press conferences, press releases, television and radio guesting, and community/family

participation.

Table 3B
Problems Observed by BADAC along Conduct of Drug Abuse
Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay

Frequency
Problem Indicators WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. BADAC’s lack of training
and orientation to facilitate Moderate
17 27 30 18 2.53 3
drug advocacy campaign Problem
programs
b. Inadequate IEC materials
Moderate
and other campaign 19 23 34 16 2.51 3
Problem
facilities
c. Lack of support from the
Local Chief Executive and 43 19 16 14 2.01 2 Less Problem
other local officials
d. Lack of funds 23 24 30 15 2.40 2 Less Problem
e. Lack of awareness by the
residents to the anti-illegal 24 20 30 18 2.46 2 Less Problem
drugs campaign
General
2.38 2 Less Problem
Weighted Mean
Legend: 1 – Not a Problem; 2 – Less Problem; 3 – Moderate Problem; 4 – High Problem;
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating
 73

The remaining problem indicators rated “Less Problem” by the BADAC were

Lack of Funds and Lack of support from the Local Chief Executive and other Local

Officials. According to Section 18 of DDB Regulation No. 3, series of 2017, all City and

Municipal Mayors shall ensure the organization of BADAC in all Barangays with in its

territorial jurisdiction, allocation of substantial portion in the barangay budget and ensure

compliance with the duties and responsibilities of the BADAC in the anti-drug campaign.

Further, Section 19 of the same regulation imposes penalties for concerned local officials

for non-compliance or failure to appropriate a substantial portion of their respective

Annual Budgets to assist in or enhance the enforcement of RA 9165, as mandatory

required by Section 51 of RA 9165 in all budget preparations in addition to those already

mandatory required under Section 324 of the Local Government Code shall be a ground

for disapproval of the Annual Budget on review and shall be a ground for possible filling

of appropriate charges pursuant to Section 60 of the Local Government Code and Section

32 of RA 9165.

Furthermore, stated in the DILG MC No. 2015-063 that failure of the local

officials to take appropriate measures to enforce the pertinent provision of RA 9165 after

being made aware by the PDEA and/or PNP and other law enforcement agencies that

illegal drugs sale, delivery and use is rampant within their LGU; or shabu and other

illegal drug laboratories and marijuana plantation have been uncovered within the area of

their jurisdiction shall be considered as prima facie evidence for administrative charge(s)

for gross negligence or dereliction of duties, as may be warranted by evidence.

 74

Problems Observed by BADAC along Providing Assistance to Persons Who

Use Drugs (PWUDs). Table 3C shows seven problem indicators along Providing

Assistance to PWDUs which garnered a general weighted mean rating of 2.53 or a

qualitative rating of “Moderate Problem”. The problem indicators Accessibility of

Treatment and Rehabilitation Facilities with a weighted mean rating of 2.96, No

Treatment and Rehabilitation of Facilities in the Province with a weighted mean rating of

2.93, Relapse drug use among former drug “surrenderers” with a weighted mean rating

of 2.67, and Lack of participation of the families of the PWUDs with a weighted mean

rating of 2.54 were the problem indicators rated “Moderate Problems” by the BADAC

respondents.

In the field of civic awareness and drug demand reduction, lack of accessible

treatment and rehabilitation centers and the need to make existing facilities more

functional through appropriate funding and political support are among the problems

which continue to persist. According to Psychological Association of the Philippines

(PAP) the act of volunteering for the transformational rehabilitation program shows the

eagerness of the “surrenderees” to renew their lives. Section 2 of RA 9165 as cited in the

DDB Board Regulation No. 1, series of 2006 “Guidelines in the Implementation of

Aftercare Program for Recovering Drug Dependents” provides that the State shall adopt

as its policy to safeguard the integrity of its territory and the well-being of its citizenry

particularly the youth from the harmful effects of dangerous drugs on their physical and

mental well-being and to defend them against acts of commission detrimental to their

development and preservation. It shall likewise provide effective mechanisms or

 75

measures to re-integrate into society individuals who have fallen victims to drug abuse or

dangerous drug dependence through sustainable programs of treatment and rehabilitation.

Table 3C
Problems Observed by BADAC along Providing Assistance to
Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs)

Frequency
Problem Indicators WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. No treatment and
Moderate
rehabilitation facilities in 16 14 22 40 2.93 3
Problem
the province
b. Accessibility of treatment Moderate
13 19 19 41 2.96 3
and rehabilitation facilities Problem
c. Relapse drug use among Moderate
24 17 16 35 2.67 3
former drug “surrenderers” Problem
d. Lack of support from the
Local Chief Executive and 44 25 11 12 1.90 2 Less Problem
other local officials
e. Lack of participation of the Moderate
19 27 23 23 2.54 3
families of PWUDs Problem
f. Lack of funds 29 22 27 14 2.28 2 Less Problem
g. Negative impression of the
community to the “drug 22 25 30 15 2.41 2 Less Problem
surrenderers” or PWUDs
General Moderate
2.53 3.00
Weighted Mean Problem
Legend: 1 – Not a Problem; 2 – Less Problem; 3 – Moderate Problem; 4 – High Problem;
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating
 76

Problems Observed by BADAC along Support for the Implementation of

Barangay Drug Clearing Operations. Table 3D shows six problem indicators observed

by the BADAC in connection with the required support for the implementation of

barangay drug clearing operations earning a general weighted mean rating of 2.32 or a

qualitative rating of “Less Problem”. Among the identified problem indicators for this

portion, BADAC’s lack of adequate trainings in the collection and analysis of drug-

related information garnered the highest weighted mean response of 2.57 or a qualitative

rating of “Moderate Problem”. Being the “force multipliers” of law enforcement

agencies, the BADAC/barangay officials must also be trained with basic information

gathering, particularly on areas of identification of street-level illegal drug trade in the

barangay. On the other hand, Availability during anti-drug operations in the barangay

had the least weighted mean of 1.90 or a qualitative rating of “Less Problem”. The

outcome is consistent with the earlier result of this study on the variable level of

performance wherein the function indicator, “Assist the PNP and PDEA during legitimate

anti-drug operations, such as, act as witness, testify in court, etc.” had the most signified

response as carried-out or performed by the respondents in support to barangay drug

clearing operations. The availability during anti-illegal drugs operations is an innate

responsibility of any barangay officials mandated under Section 21 of R.A. 9165 being

one of the mandatory witnesses during seizure and confiscation, physical inventory and

photograph of items and suspects where the search was served.

 77

Table 3D
Problems Observed by BADAC along Support for the
Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operations

Frequency
Problem Indicators WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Lack of understanding
Moderate
about drug clearing 20 23 32 17 2.50 3
Problem
operations
b. BADAC’s lack of adequate
trainings in the collection Moderate
19 19 37 17 2.57 3
and analysis of drug-related Problem
information
c. Cluster leaders are non-
21 26 30 15 2.42 2 Less Problem
functional
d. Availability during anti-
drug operations in the 48 17 15 12 1.90 2 Less Problem
barangay
e. Personal security threats 32 30 14 16 2.15 2 Less Problem
f. Lack of funds 26 24 26 16 2.35 2 Less Problem
General
2.32 2 Less Problem
Weighted Mean
Legend: 1 – Not a Problem; 2 – Less Problem; 3 – Moderate Problem; 4 – High Problem;
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

Problems Observed by BADAC along Encourage Community in Reporting

Drug-Related Information. As revealed on Table 3E there are five problem indicators

along creating favorable environment to encourage community in reporting drug-related

information. From the data presented on the table, all problem indicators resulted to a

general weighted mean of 2.43 and qualitatively rated as “Less Problem”. Looking at the

individual weighted mean results, Lack of Community Participation was rated the most

signified problem with a weighted mean of 2.55 or a qualitative rating of “Moderate

Problem”, followed by the indicators Belief that the anti-illegal drugs campaign is solely

the concern of law enforcement agencies such as PNP and PDEA with a weighted mean
 78

rating of 2.54, Indifference of the residents to anti-illegal drugs campaign with 2.42

weighted mean rating, Lack of Fund with 2.38 weighted mean, and Personal Security

Threats with a weighted mean rating of 2.23 or qualitatively rated as “Less Problem”.

Table 3E
Problems Observed by BADAC along Encourage the Community in
Reporting Drug-Related Information

Frequency
Problem Indicators WM QnR QlR
1 2 3 4
a. Indifference of the residents
to anti-illegal drugs 24 22 29 17 2.42 2 Less Problem
campaign
b. Belief that the anti-illegal
drugs campaign is solely
Moderate
the concern of law 19 24 29 20 2.54 3
Problem
enforcement agencies such
as PNP and PDEA
c. Lack of community Moderate
17 24 34 17 2.55 3
participation Problem
d. Personal security threats 35 23 12 22 2.23 2 Less Problem
e. Lack of funds 27 19 30 16 2.38 2 Less Problem
General
2.43 2 Less Problem
Weighted Mean
Legend: 1 – Not a Problem; 2 – Less Problem; 3 – Moderate Problem; 4 – High Problem;
WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

Based on the result, it is implied that the implementation of anti-drug campaign

programs, particularly in encouraging community to report drug-related information is

hindered by indifference or lukewarm attitude of the members of the community. Hence,

there is a need to cultivate the essence of community participation through involvement

 79

of the members of community in the campaign. It is a must that they recognize their roles

to gain support. Effective two-way communication is essential to any community

initiative. The impressions and thoughts of the community members can help identify

important issues and provide possible solutions. More importantly, involving community

members and truly listens to their concerns make every participant feels like an integral

part of the process. Mobilizing and engaging the community may be difficult and

challenging task, but it ensures greater sustainability and enthusiasm for the problem-

solving process.

Summary Results of Problems Observed by BADAC in the

Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Based on the findings on the problems observed by BADAC on the different

function areas with corresponding problem indicators according to chronological

sequence of the result, it was revealed that highest General Weighted Mean (GWM) of

2.53 was taken from the indicators along Providing Assistance to Persons Who Use

Drugs (PWUDs), followed by Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-Related

Information (2.43), and Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the

Barangay (2.38). The least GWM of 2.32 or viewed by the respondent as “Less Problem”

where either from problem indicators along Revitalization of BADAC and Support the

Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operation.

 80

Table 3F
Summary Results on the Problems Observed by BADAC in the
Implementation of Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

BADAC Functions WM QnR QlR

1. Revitalization of the BADAC 2.32 2 Less Problem

2. Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention and

2.38 2 Less Problem
Advocacy Campaign in the Barangay

3. Provide Assistance for Persons Who Use Moderate

2.53 3
Drugs (PWUDs) Problem

4. Support the Implementation of Barangay

2.32 2 Less Problem
Drug Clearing Operations

5. Encourage the Community in Reporting

2.43 2 Less Problem
Drug-Related Information

General Weighted Mean 2.40 2 Less Problem

Legend: WM – Weighted Mean; QnR – Quantitative Rating; QIR – Qualitative Rating

As a general summary of the results on the problems observed along

Revitalization of the BADAC, Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention Advocacy Campaigns

in the Barangay, Provide Assistance for PWUDs, Support the Implementation of

Barangay Drug Clearing Operations, and Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-

Related Information revealed that the BADAC of Virac, Catanduanes generally rated the

problem indicators as “Less Problem”. Assessing further the results, it is deemed

necessary that the highest in general weighted mean rating be focused as the priority

problems to deal with. It is then recommended that the problem indicators corresponded

to Providing Assistance to Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs) whose general weighted
 81

mean of 2.53 rated as “Moderate Problem” the priority areas to look into by the different

agencies – the DILG, PNP, LGU, and other agencies concerned. On the other hand, with

the complexity of the problems on illegal drugs the other problem indicators identified

must not be taken for granted. The findings in this portion of the study were incorporated

in the developed sample Plan of Action (pls. see Appendix C, pp 111-114) as the

contribution of this study to the body of knowledge in Public Administration.

Recommended Plan of Action to Strengthen the Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

Based on the results, the recommendatory Plan of Action would focus more on

the function indicator which have gained the least in General Weighted Mean (GWM)

rating for the variable “Level of Performance” and highest GWM rating along the

variable “Problems Encountered”. Hence, it is therefore recommended that the function

indicators along Providing Assistance for PWUDs be the priority area for the formulation

of a recommendatory plan of action. The function indicator Providing Assistance for

PWUDs gained the least GWM of 2.63 along BADAC’s level of performance and the

highest signified problems encountered with GWM of 2.53 or a Qualitative Rating (QIR)

of “Moderate Problem” by BADAC in the implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign.

 Chapter 5

SUMMARY, CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the summary and findings of the study, the conclusions

drawn, and the recommendations offered.

Summary

This study was conducted to determine the level of performance of BADAC on

anti-illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

Specifically, it sought answers to the following questions:

1. What is the profile of the respondents in terms of:

a. Personal Variables

b. Job related experiences of BADAC member

c. Exposures to anti-illegal drugs campaign

2. What is the level of performance of BADAC in support to the anti-illegal

drugs campaign along:

a. Revitalization of the BADAC

b. Conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay

c. Provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs)

d. Support the implementation of barangay drug clearing operations

e. Encourage the community in reporting drug-related information?

3. What are the problems observed by BADAC in the implementation of anti-

illegal drugs campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

 83

4. What plan of action can be recommended to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs

campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes?

The researcher distributed questionnaires to the BADAC members from the 12

selected barangays in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes. The study made use of a

descriptive-quantitative approach. A total of 94 respondents were included in this study

from the twelve barangays chosen through the Cluster and Lottery Sampling Technique.

The data were analyzed using frequency counts, percentage and weighted mean. The

level of performance of BADAC was analyzed using a descriptive four-point scale,

namely: 4 – Very High, 3 – High, 2 – Low; and 1 – Very Low. On the other hand,

problems observed were measured using a descriptive four-point scale, as: 4 – Serious

Problem, 3 – Moderate Problem, 2 – Less Problem; and 1 – Not a Problem. With the two

(2) respondents from the 94 total samples refused to answer the research instrument, the

total of 92 samples then represented the entire population of this study.

Findings

The salient findings of this study on the BADAC’s level of performance on anti-

illegal drugs campaign in Virac, Catanduanes were the followings:

1. Profile of BADAC

a. Personal Variables

a.1 Age. Out of the 92 respondents, majority falls under the age bracket of

41 – 50 years (35 or 38.04%), the youngest falls under ages 19 years old
 84

and below (2 or 2.17%), while the oldest respondents ages 70 years old

and above (4 or 4.35%).

a.2 Gender. Majority of the BADAC are male (62 or 67.39%) while 30 or

32.61% are females.

a.3 Civil Status. Most of the BADAC are married (55 or 59.78%), and 22

or 23.91% are single, 10 or 10.87% were widows/widowers, 4 or 4.35% in

a live-in/common law civil status; and 1 or 1.09% claimed to be separated

from their partner.

a.4 Highest Educational Attainment. Majority of the BADAC are College

Graduate (26 or 28.26%) and 19 or 20.65% are College Undergraduate, 11

or 11.96% are either High School Graduate or have earned units in

Advance Education, 10 or 10.87% High School Graduates, 7 or 7.61%

Master’s Degree holders, 6 or 6.52% are High School Undergraduates and

2 or 2.17% were graduate of Vocational Courses. No respondents were

either Elementary Undergraduate or a Doctorate Degree Holder.

a.5 Occupation. With regard to occupation, Table 1A showed that 51 or

55.43% of the respondents are self-employed BADAC members working

as tricycle drivers, farmers, fisher folks and vendors. For government

employees, 17 or 18.48% of the respondents belongs to rank and file status

while 10 or 10.87% where in the middle management. For those employed

in private sector, 13 or 14.13% were considered rank and file employee

and one (1) or 1.09% claimed to be in the top management.

 85

b. Job Related Experiences of BADAC Members

b.1 Position Held in the Sangguniang Barangay. 48 or 52.17% of the

BADAC members were part of the Sangguniang Barangay, namely:

Punong Barangays, Sangguniang Barangay Members , and SK Chairman;

and 44 or 47.83% were BADAC representatives which include school

principals (public) or representative, executive officer/Ex-O, NGO/CSO

representatives, and representatives from religious/faith-based

organizations.

b.2 Length of Service in the Sangguniang Barangay. This portion accounts

only for the BADAC respondents who were members of the Barangay

Council. Majority of the BADAC members (barangay officials) served for

less than a year (27 or 56.25%), 8 or 16.67% served for nine years and

above, 6 or 12.50% served for 4 – 6 years, while 4 or 8.33% service

ranging for 7 – 9 years; and 3 or 6.25% served the barangay for 1 – 3

years.

b.3 Length of Service as BADAC Member. Most of the respondents serve

as BADAC member for less than a year (66 or 71.74%), 18 or 19.57% has

been a member for 3 – 4 years, and 8 or 8.70% were in the service from 1

– 3 years.

c. Exposures to Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign

c.1 Frequency of Attendance to Anti-Illegal Drugs Activities. From the

results, 19 or 20.65% responded that they have attended relevant seminars

and trainings for three times, 16 or 17.39% of the BADAC members were
 86

able to attend for four times, 14 or 15.22% attended for five times, 13 or

14.13% attended anti-drug seminars, trainings or relevant activities thrice,

and 8 or 8.70% said they were able to attend once.

c.2 Other Sources of Information regarding Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign.

All (92 or 100%) signified that they learned about anti-illegal drugs

campaign through watching television, 44 or 47.83% from radio, 36 or

39.13% from newspaper/magazines, 32 or 34.78% 9% from internet, (3) or

3.26% from personal inquiry or relayed information.

2. Level of Performance of BADAC on Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign.

Based from the results with regard to the respondent’s level of

performance on the different functions areas of the BADAC, Revitalization of

the BADAC resulted to a 2.76 General Weighted Mean (GWM) or a

Qualitative Rating (QIR) of “High”. Conduct of Drug Abuse Prevention

Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay had an overall mean of 2.82 or “High”

rating while Provide Assistance for PWUDs garnered the lowest GWM of

2.63 or a QIR of “High” rating. The function area on Support the

Implementation of Barangay Drug Clearing Operations had a 2.83 GWM or a

QIR of “High” rating. Lastly, Encourage the Community in Reporting Drug-

Related Information gained the highest GWM of 2.86 or a QIR of “High”

rating.

3. Problems Observed by BADAC in the Implementation of Anti-Illegal

Drugs Campaign.

Based on the findings on the problems observed by BADAC on the

different function areas with corresponding problem indicators according to

 87

chronological sequence of the result, it was revealed that highest General

Weighted Mean (GWM) of 2.53 or a Qualitative Rating (QIR) of “Moderate

Problem” was taken from the indicators along Providing Assistance to

Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), followed by Encourage the Community

in Reporting Drug-Related Information with a GWM of 2.43 or a QIR of

“Less Problem”. The problem indicators along Conduct of Drug Abuse

Prevention Advocacy Campaigns in the Barangay gained a GWM of 2.38 or a

“Less Problem” rating while problem indicators along the areas of

Revitalization of BADAC and Support the Implementation of Barangay Drug

Clearing Operation both had a GWM of 2.32 or a QIR of “Less Problem”.

4. Recommended Plan of Action to strengthen the Anti-Illegal Drugs

Campaign in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes.

Based on the results, the recommendatory Plan of Action would focus

more on the function indicator which have gained the least in General

Weighted Mean (GWM) rating for the variable “Level of Performance” and

highest GWM rating along the variable “Problems Observed”. Hence, it is

therefore recommended that the function indicators along Providing

Assistance for PWUDs be the priority area for the formulation of a

recommendatory plan of action. The function indicator Providing Assistance

for PWUDs gained the least GWM of 2.63 along BADAC’s level of

performance and the highest signified problems encountered with GWM of

2.53 or a Qualitative Rating (QIR) of “Moderate Problem” by BADAC in the

implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign.

 88

Conclusions

With the foregoing findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn:

1. Majority of the BADAC respondents’ ages from 41 – 50 years old, male,

married, were able to finish college degree and working as self-employed. Majority of the

respondents are elected barangay officials who served the Sangguniang Barangay for less

than a year. Majority of the BADAC respondents has been a BADAC member for less

than a year. Majority of the BADAC respondents were able to attend seminars, trainings

or other related activities and have access to other sources of information regarding anti-

illegal drugs campaign such as television, radio, newspaper/magazine, and internet.

2. The BADAC in Virac, Catanduanes generally carries-out their mandated

functions pursuant to existing laws and regulations to support the governments’ overall

effort on anti-illegal drugs with “High” level of performance. They recognize the role of

community participation to the issue of illegal drugs that is why they continue to

encourage the community to report drug-related information given that this item received

the highest average weighted response or “high” level of performance compared with the

other functions indicators. Meanwhile, BADAC respondents signified “high” sense of

performance in providing assistance for Person Who Uses Drugs (PWUDs); however this

item received the lowest weighted mean response compared with other function indicator.

3. The BADAC of Virac, Catanduanes generally rated the problems along the

five (5) function indicators as “Less Problem”. However, problems along provide

assistance to PWUDs were viewed as “Moderate Problem” compared with the other

function indicators, wherein four (4) among its seven (7) problem indicators – the

accessibility of treatment facilities, no treatment and rehabilitation facilities in the

 89

province, relapse drug use among former drug “surrenderers”, lack of participation of the

families of PWUDs were rated “Moderate Problem”.

4. The priority area to deal with in the formulation of a recommendatory Plan of

Action must be along the indicator “Provide Assistance for PWUDs” as this indicator

was signified the least performed among the five (5) function indicators identified when

level of performance is concern, and, gained the highest response as the most signified

problem along its indicators compared with other function indicators.

Recommendations

Based on the foregoing findings cited and the conclusions made, the following

recommendations are forwarded.

1. Sustained massive social media and tri-media campaign on anti-illegal drug

abuse prevention and control – television, radio and print media. Sustained drug-abuse

prevention programs in schools and barangays such as awareness lectures and

Information Education Campaign (IEC) materials distribution.

2. Conduct of continuous orientation, seminars and/or trainings for the barangay

officials and members of the BADAC on anti-illegal drugs campaign programs. These

should be widespread and continuously sustained to ensure participation and mobilization

of the members.

3. Monitoring system on the functionality of the BADAC must be implemented

to ensure that the policy directives are being carried-out in the barangay level.
 90

4. Strengthened pro-active measures undertaken by the PNP on drug-abuse

prevention through the conduct of regular barangay visitation, dialogue, awareness

campaign and BADAC mobilization.

5. On monitoring and reporting of drug-related information. It is very important

to conduct strict monitoring, adequate and timely reporting of drug-related

cases/information in all barangay and municipality. Hence, active involvement of

barangay constituents is encouraged.

6. Strengthen networking among line agencies, people’s organization, and non-

government organization involved to gain their active support and participation.

7. Energetic coordination with the Catanduanes State University Extension

Services Office and other government agencies offering extension service should be

enforced.

8. The provision of adequate funds for the implementation of Anti-Drug

Campaign Programs in the provincial, municipal and barangay levels must be given due

importance by the concerned agencies and government officials.

9. The provision of funds, through the provincial government of Catanduanes

and with the aid of legislation from the house of representative for the construction and

administration of rehabilitation and treatment facilities for PWUDs in the province must

be prioritized.

10. The priority areas to deal with should focus on “Provide Assistance for

PWUDs”. On the other hand, with the absence of treatment and rehabilitation facilities in

province, the Community-Based Rehabilitation Programs (CBRP) must be strengthened;

ensure monitoring of PWUDs undertaking CBRP to guarantee their progress to avoid

 91

relapse on drug use; and necessary assistance and support system during community

reintegration such as family counseling, educational assistance and livelihood trainings,

and referral for employment must be continuously implemented.

11. This study strongly recommends the full implementation and execution of the

recommendatory Action Plan (pls. see Appendix C, pp 111-114) developed in the light of

the forgoing findings to strengthen the anti-illegal drugs campaign.

12. Future researchers may pursue similar studies related to this one. Replication

of this study in other settings may be done. Other researchable topic may include: (a)

Status of implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign by barangay officials as

perceived by the Community, (b) Cross-sectoral perceptions on Anti-Illegal Drugs

Campaign; and (c) Assessment of Community-Based Rehabilitation Treatment Programs

in Catanduanes.
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 93

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APPENDIXES
 100

APPENDIX A

LETTER REQUEST TO THE GOVERNMENT OFFICES

(Office of the Provincial Director, Catanduanes Police Provincial Office)
 101

APPENDIX A

LETTER REQUEST TO THE GOVERNMENT OFFICES

(Office of the MLGOO, DILG, Virac, Catanduanes)
 102

APPENDIX A

LETTER REQUEST TO THE GOVERNMENT OFFICES

(Office of the Municipal Mayor, LGU – Virac, Catanduanes)
 103

APPENDIX A

LETTER REQUEST TO THE GOVERNMENT OFFICES

(Office of the OIC Provincial Director, DILG, Catanduanes)
 104

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Calatagan Proper)
 105

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Capilihan)
 106

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Danicop)
 107

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Francia)
 108

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Gogon Centro)
 109

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Hicming)
 110

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Ibong Sapa)
 111

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Igang)
 112

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Marcelo Alberto)
 113

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Palta Big)
 114

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Sta. Elena)
 115

APPENDIX B

LETTER REQUEST TO THE PUNONG BARANGAY

(Barangay Tubaon)
 116

APPENDIX C

A PLAN OF ACTION FOR STRENGTHENING

ASSISTANCE FOR PERSONS WHO USE DRUGS (PWUDS)

Chapter 4 Section 391 of the Local Government Code states that “the
Sangguniang Barangay, as the legislative body of the Barangay, shall adopt measures
towards the prevention and eradication of drug abuse”.
To accelerate the drive against illegal drugs in barangay and to promote
participation of local community in support of overall governments efforts to address
peace and order, particularly in the suppression of drug trafficking and abuse,
Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Councils (BADAC) were created.
The Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) are mandated by
the Department of Interior and Local Government (DILG) to carry out the program
related to drug-abuse prevention in the barangay. With the end aim of determining the
functionality of the BADAC, a study on the extent of practice and level of
performance of BADAC pursuant to their mandated functions on anti-illegal drugs
campaign was conducted in the municipality of Virac, Catanduanes. Results of the
study revealed that he priority areas to deal with should focus on “Provide Assistance
for PWUDs” being the least practiced and performed among the function indicators
identified, and likewise, gained the highest response along its problem indicators as
the most pressing problem encountered by the BADAC – respondents.
With these findings, this Plan of Action in providing assistance for Persons
Use Who Drugs (PWUDs) Action Plan as shown in Appendix “C” was the
contribution of the study to the body of knowledge in Public Administration.

VISION:
“A Drug-Free Catanduanes”

MISSION:
To provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), through its
implementing arm and concerned agencies by providing appropriate and sustainable
programs to help the PWUDs become a renewed member of the community.
 117

OBJECTIVES:

To achieve a drug-free Catanduanes, this Plan of Action aims to:

a. Provide appropriate and sustainable programs for PWUDs to ensure
progress and prevent relapse on drug use.
b. Empower the families of PWUDs as to their roles in the recovery process.
c. Promote public awareness as to their roles in the recovery process of the
PWUDs.
d. Provide drug surrenderers, recovering drug dependents and convicted drug
offenders have access to appropriate interventions and livelihood assistance.
e. Forge and foster cooperation with the different agencies and counterpart to
gain additional support on anti-drug abuse campaigns.

This recommendatory action plan shall serve as guidelines in the

implementation of programs for Person Who Use Drugs (PWUDs). The Action Plan
also aims to provide an efficient and orderly organization to provide necessary
assistance to PWUDs in support to anti-drugs campaign.

The action plan consists of 4 columns that include the strategies employed,
activities to be conducted, time frame, and responsible agencies. The strategies
include the indicators used along providing assistance to PWUDs such as referral for
rehabilitation, monitoring system for PWUDs undertaking Community-Based
Rehabilitation Program (CBRP), barangay reintegration programs, counseling
activities to the families of PWUDs, and aftercare programs.
 118

I. Operational Procedures/Tasking:

1. LGU, DILG:
a. Initiate the formulation of prevention and rehabilitation programs in
their respective local government units;
b. Monitor proper implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign
programs, community-based rehabilitation programs in the
municipalities;
c. Assist in the conduct of training programs for BADAC/MADAC;
d. Oversee the functionality of BADAC/MADAC;
e. Oversee the implementation of this action plan;
f. Provide necessary fund and logistical support;
g. Consolidate reports to be submitted higher office.

2. Sangguniang Barangay/BADAC:
a. Coordinate all anti-drug abuse prevention campaign activities in the
local government units;
b. Liaison with different government agencies, NGO, and other
stakeholders for support;
c. Provide needed support to barangays;
d. Facilitate processing of drug surrenderers for referral for risk level
evaluation;
e. Conduct of continuous drug abuse prevention campaign in the
barangay;
f. Consolidate reports for submission to higher office.

3. DOH, DWSD, PNP and other agencies:

a. Provide needed support/interventions to the PWUDs;
b. Provide needed support to barangays;
c. Conduct of continuous drug abuse prevention campaign;
d. Provide focal person/speakers for the conduct of awareness lectures.

II. Coordinating Instructions:

1. Respect for Human Rights shall be strictly observed; and

2. Safety and convenience of the stakeholders are of paramount importance
in the implementation of this action plan.
 109

RESPONSIBLE
STRATEGIES ACTIVITIES TIME FRAME
AGENCIES
1. Referral for   Establishment of Barangay Referral and
Rehabilitation Year Round BADAC
Rehabilitation Desk and Duty Officer

 Conduct of seminar/orientation and
BADAC, DOH,
mobilization of BHW for the identification Year Round
MSWD, DILG
and screening of risk levels of PWUDs

 Assist and coordinate with oversight BADAC, DOH,
agencies for the endorsement of PWUDs Year Round MSWD, PNP,
who will be undergo rehabilitation DILG

2. Monitoring 
System for  Maintenance of database information of BADAC, MSWD,
Year Round
PWUDs PWUDs undertaking CBRP. PNP
undertaking 
Community-
Based  Monitor attendance and completion of BADAC, MSWD,
Rehabilitation Year Round
PWUDs to CBRP activities DOH, DILG
Program
(CBRP)
3. Barangay   Formulation of policy to support inclusion
Reintegration of recovering drug dependent in the
Programs Year Round MSWD, DILG
coverage of conditional cash transfer
program
 MSWD, DILG,
 Identify and implement sustainable
other government
livelihood projects to former drugs ushers Year Round
Agencies such as
and addicts
TESDA
 110

 MSWD, DILG,
 Referrals for livelihood trainings/Skills other government
Year Round
Training/Educational Assistance Agencies such as
TESDA, DepEd
  Continuous monitoring and counseling to
BADAC, MSWD,
prevent the recurrence of drug abuse or Year Round
DOH, DILG, PNP
relapse
1. Counseling 
Activities to the  Family counseling through the help of BADAC, MSWD,
Year Round
Families of faith-based organization in the barangay DOH, DILG
PWUDs   Conduct sessions of parenting skills
enhancement program for the parents BADAC, MSWD,
Year Round
and/or guardian of the recovering drug DOH, DILG, PNP
dependents
2. Aftercare   Counseling through group sessions at least
Programs once a week led by professional facilitators
to confront behavior problems, deal with BADAC, MSWD,
Year Round
social integration issues such as drug DOH, DILG, PNP
cravings, social pressure to use, and family
issues
  Continuous monitoring/follow-up to
BADAC, MSWD,
prevent the recurrence of drug abuse or Year Round
DOH, DILG, PNP
relapse

Prepared by:

EMAR C. VARGAS
Graduate Student
 109

APPENDIX D

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
(English Version)

Catanduanes State University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Graduate Studies
Virac, Catanduanes
________________________________________________________________________

Dear Respondents:

Thank you for your participation in this study titled “Level of Performance of
Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) on Anti-Illegal Drugs
Campaign”. Your responses to the questions contained in this form are very important,
hence please answer each item truthfully and concisely. There is no right, or wrong
answer and rest assured that your responses provided will be treated confidentially.

EMAR C. VARGAS
Researcher
Noted:

BERNARDINO C. ABUNDO JR., Ph.D.

Thesis Adviser
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

QUESTIONNAIRE

Barangay Code ________

Respondents’ Code ________

PART I. PROFILE OF BADAC

Direction: Please fill the blanks with your appropriate answer and check the blank which
corresponds to your specific answer.

A. Personal Profile:

a. Age : _____
b. Sex : _____ Male _____ Female
 110

c. Civil Status:
_____ Single _____ Separated
_____ Married _____ Live-in/Common Law
_____ Widow/Widower

d. Highest Educational Attainment:

_____ Elementary Undergraduate _____ College Graduate
_____ Elementary Graduate _____ Master’s Unit
_____ High School Undergraduate _____ Master’s Graduate
_____ High School Graduate _____ Doctorate Degree
_____ College Undergraduate _____ Vocational/TVET
_____ Others,
(please specify) ______________________________

e. Previous Position Held before becoming a member of the Sangguniang

Barangay or Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC)
_____ Government Employee as,
(position held please specify) ___________________
_____ Private Employee as,
(position held please specify) ___________________
_____ Others,
(please specify) ______________________________

B. Job Related Experiences of BADAC Members:

a. Position in the Sangguniang Barangay:

_____ Punong Barangay
_____ Sangguniang Barangay Member _____ Barangay Treasurer
_____ Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman

b. Length of service in the Sangguniang Barangay:

_____Years _____Months

c. Position in the Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (as per Barangay
Executive No., s. 2018 pursuant to DILG MC No. 2015-063 dated June 16,
2015):
_____ Chairperson (Punong Barangay)
_____ Vice-Chairperson (SB Member, Chair of Peace and Order)
_____ Member as:
_____ SB Member, Chair of Women and Family
_____ SK Chair
 111

_____ School Principal (Public) or Representative

_____ Executive Officer/Chief Tanod
_____ Representative of Non-Government Organization
_____ Representative of Faith-Based Organization

d. Length of Service as member of the BADAC:

_____Years _____Months

C. Exposures to Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign:

a. Were you able to attend previous trainings/seminars/forum regarding the Anti-

Illegal Drugs Campaign or any other drug abuse prevention programs?
_____ Yes _____ No

b. How many times were you able to attend trainings/seminars/forum regarding

the Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign or any other drug abuse prevention programs
_____ More than 10 times
(Please specify) ________
_____ Between six (6) to 10 times
(Please specify) ________
_____ Less than five (5) times
(Please specify) ________

c. What are your other sources of information regarding Anti-Illegal Drugs

Campaign?
_____ Internet
_____ Newspaper/Magazine
_____ Radio
_____ Television
_____ Others, please specify ______________________
 112

PART II. LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL

DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC) ON ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS
CAMPAIGN

Direction: Below are functions indicators of BADAC in support to the anti-illegal drugs
campaign. Please rate your level of performance by encircling the number
opposite each indicator using the scale below:

Quantitative Rating Qualitative Rating Qualitative Description

4 Very High
3 High
2 Low
1 Very Low
76% - 100% of the function of
BADAC are carried-out
51% - 75% of the function of
BADAC are carried-out
26% - 50% of the function of
BADAC are carried-out
1% - 25% of the function of
BADAC are carried-out

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions
4 3 2 1
1. Revitalization of the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC):
a. Reorganized BADAC with Committee on
4 3 2 1
Advocacy and Committee on Operations
b. Prepared of BADAC Plan of Action 4 3 2 1
c. Organized BADAC Auxiliary Team 4 3 2 1
d. Enacted ordinances and enforces laws in support to
4 3 2 1
anti-illegal drugs campaign
e. Capacity building to BADAC members
4 3 2 1
(e.g. attendance to trainings, seminar, etc.)
f. Conducted of regular meetings (at least once a
4 3 2 1
month or call for a special meeting)
g. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
2. Conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay:
a. Allocation of budget for anti-drug campaigns 4 3 2 1
b. Conduct of capability enhancement to the residents
4 3 2 1
(e.g. seminar, lectures, etc.)
c. Information Education Campaign (IEC) materials
4 3 2 1
distribution
 113

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions
4 3 2 1
d. Posting of anti-illegal drugs campaign advisory e.g.
4 3 2 1
infographics, tarpaulin etc,
e. Sports Development Programs
4 3 2 1
(e.g. basketball tournament, etc)
f. School Visitation 4 3 2 1
g. Youth Camps 4 3 2 1
h. Designation of “Drug-Free Zones” 4 3 2 1
i. Dialogue with the different organizations in the
barangay (e.g. PTCA, youth, senior citizens, 4 3 2 1
TODA, etc)
j. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
3. Provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), such as:
a. Referral for Rehabilitation 4 3 2 1
b. Monitoring System for those undertaking
4 3 2 1
community-based rehabilitation treatment
c. Reintegration Programs
4 3 2 1
(e.g. livelihood trainings, etc)
d. Conduct of counseling activities to the families of
4 3 2 1
PWUDs
e. Aftercare program such as counseling activities to
4 3 2 1
the PWUDs
f. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
4. Support the implementation of barangay drug clearing operations, through:
a. Organize house cluster with cluster leaders 4 3 2 1
b. Establishment of Rehabilitation and Referral Desk 4 3 2 1
c. Designate a barangay Rehabilitation and Referral
4 3 2 1
Desk Duty Officer
d. Identify and consolidate records of drug affected
4 3 2 1
places in the barangay (e.g. purok, streets, etc)
e. Identify and consolidate records of suspected drug
4 3 2 1
users or pushers
f. Submit consolidated records of places and
personalities to MADAC or Local PNP for 4 3 2 1
validation and formulation of watch list
g. Submit documentary requirements for drug clearing
4 3 2 1
needed by the oversight agencies
h. Continuous drug abuse prevention programs, e.g.
4 3 2 1
awareness lectures, sports program, etc.
 114

Level of Performance
BADAC Functions
4 3 2 1
i. Mobilize auxiliary teams to ensure sustainability as
4 3 2 1
“Drug Cleared” barangay
j. Assist the PNP and PDEA during legitimate anti-
drug operations, such as, act as witness, testify in 4 3 2 1
court, etc
k. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
5. Encourage the community in reporting drug-related information, through:
a. Award and Commendation System 4 3 2 1
b. Barangay Hotline 4 3 2 1
c. Suggestion/Drop Box 4 3 2 1
d. Issuance of Protection Orders 4 3 2 1
e. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1

PART III. PROBLEMS OBSERVED BY BADAC IN THE IMPLEMENTATION

OF ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS CAMPAIGN

Direction: Below are problems that might be observed by BADAC in the

implementation of anti-illegal drugs campaign along the five function areas.
Please rate the degree of the problem by encircling the number opposite each
statement using the scale below:

Quantitative Rating Qualitative Rating Qualitative Description

4 High Problem
3 Moderate Problem
2 Less Problem
1 Not a Problem
76% - 100% denotes a high
significant effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program
51% - 75% denotes a moderate
significant effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program
26% - 50% denotes a less
significant effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program
1% - 25% denotes a minor or
manageable effect to the BADACs
implementation of anti-illegal drugs
campaign program
 115

Scale
Problem Indicators
4 3 2 1
1. Revitalization of the Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC):
a. Lack of understanding on the roles and
4 3 2 1
responsibilities as BADAC
b. No BADAC Plan of Action 4 3 2 1
c. BADAC Plan of Action not implemented 4 3 2 1
d. Regular BADAC meeting are not held 4 3 2 1
e. Lack of cooperation 4 3 2 1
f. Non-functional BADAC Committee on Advocacy 4 3 2 1
g. Non-functional BADAC Committee on Operations 4 3 2 1
h. Non-functional BADAC Auxiliary Team 4 3 2 1
i. Lack of fund 4 3 2 1
j. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
2. Conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay:
a. BADAC’s lack of training and orientation to
4 3 2 1
facilitate drug advocacy campaign programs
b. Inadequate IEC materials and other campaign
4 3 2 1
facilities
c. Lack of support from the Local Chief Executive
4 3 2 1
and other local officials
d. Lack of funds 4 3 2 1
e. Lack of awareness by the residents to the anti-
4 3 2 1
illegal drugs campaign
f. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
3. Provide assistance to Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs):
a. No treatment and rehabilitation facilities in the
4 3 2 1
province
b. Accessibility of treatment and rehabilitation
4 3 2 1
facilities
c. Relapse drug use among former drug
4 3 2 1
“surrenderers”
d. Lack of support from the Local Chief Executive
4 3 2 1
and other local officials
e. Lack of participation of the families of PWUDs 4 3 2 1
f. Lack of funds 4 3 2 1
g. Negative impression of the community to the “drug
4 3 2 1
surrenderers” or PWUDs
h. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
 116

Scale
Problem Indicators
4 3 2 1
4. Support the implementation of barangay drug clearing operations:
a. Lack of understanding about drug clearing
4 3 2 1
operations
b. BADAC’s lack of adequate trainings in the
4 3 2 1
collection and analysis of drug-related information
c. Cluster leaders are non-functional 4 3 2 1
d. Availability during anti-drug operations in the
4 3 2 1
barangay
e. Personal security threats 4 3 2 1
f. Lack of funds 4 3 2 1
g. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1
5. Encourage the community in reporting drug-related information:
a. Indifference of the residents to anti-illegal drugs
4 3 2 1
campaign
b. Belief that the anti-illegal drugs campaign is solely
the concern of law enforcement agencies such as 4 3 2 1
PNP and PDEA
c. Lack of community participation 4 3 2 1
d. Personal security threats 4 3 2 1
e. Lack of funds 4 3 2 1
f. Others, please specify:_____________________ 4 3 2 1

THANK YOU FOR YOUR COOPERATION!

 117

APPENDIX E

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
(Bicol Version)

Catanduanes State University

COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES
Graduate Studies
Virac, Catanduanes
________________________________________________________________________

Sa mga Respondents:

Salamat sa saindong partisipasyon sa sakuyang piga istudyaran na may titulong

“Level of Performance of Barangay Anti-Illegal Drugs Abuse Council (BADAC) on
Anti-Illegal Drugs Campaign”. Ang saindong mga simbag sa mga hapot sa
“questionnaire” ay importanteng maray, kaya paki simbagan man tabi ning kung anu ang
totoo sa saindong pagkasabot asin na eksperyensyahan. Asahan nyo po na ang saindong
mga simbag ay magiging “confidential”.

EMAR C. VARGAS
Researcher
Noted:

BERNARDINO C. ABUNDO JR., Ph.D.

Thesis Adviser
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

QUESTIONNAIRE

Barangay Code _______

Respondents’ Code _______

PART I. PROFILE KANG BADAC

Direksyon: Isurat sa blangko ang tamang simbag. Tsekan ( ) ang linya na pinakaangat
an simbag

A. Personal Profile:

a. Edad : _____
b. Kasarian :
_____ Lalake _____ Babae
 118

c. Estatus Sibil:
_____ Dalaga/Soltero _____ Bulag sa agom
_____ Kasal _____ Live-in/Common Law
_____ Balo

d. Pinakahalangkaw na Inadalan:
_____ Elementary Undergraduate _____ College Graduate
_____ Elementary Graduate _____ Master’s Unit
_____ High School Undergraduate _____ Master’s Graduate
_____ High School Graduate _____ Doctorate Degree
_____ College Undergraduate _____ Vocational/TVET
_____ Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang ___________________

e. Trabaho bago naging myembro kang Sangguniang Barangay o BADAC

_____ Empleyado kan Gobyerno:
(posisyon) ______________________
_____ Empleyado kan Pribadong Kompanya,
(posisyon) ______________________
_____ Kung igwang iba, pakikahang _____________________

B. “Job Related Experience” Kan BADAC:

a. Posisyon sa Sangguniang Barangay:

_____ Barangay Kapitan _____ Barangay
_____ Barangay Kagawad _____
_____ Sangguniang Kabataan Chairman

b. Bilang ning taon o bulan nin pag serbisyo sa Sangguniang Barangay:

_____Taon _____Bulan

c. Posisyon sa BADAC (Barangay Executive No., s. 2018 pursuant to DILG MC

No. 2015-063 dated June 16, 2015):
_____ Chairperson (Barangay Kapitan)
_____ Vice-Chairperson (Barangay Kagawad, Chairman, Peace and Order)
_____ Myembro, bilang
_____ Barangay Kagawad, Chairman, Women and Family
_____ Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Chairman
_____ School Principal (Public) or Representative
_____ Executive Officer/Chief Tanod
_____ Representative of Non-Government Organization
_____ Representative of Faith-Based Organization
 119

d. Taon o bulan bilang myembro ning Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council

(BADAC):
_____Taon _____Bulan

C. “Exposure” o mga paagi kung pa-inanu nagkaigwang kaaraman sa Anti-

Illegal Drugs Campaign:

a. Pag atender sa mga seminar/trainings/forum o iba pang mga programa

manungod sa kampanya kontra sa illegal na droga.
_____ Iyo Na _____ Dai Pa

b. Mga pilang beses na tabi ika naka-attender sa mga trainings/seminars/forum

manungod sa kampanya kontra sa illegal na droga?
_____ Lagpas na sampulong beses,
(paki detalye) ________
_____ Mga nasa anum o sampulong beses,
(paki detalye) ________
_____ Mga limang beses pababa,
(paki detayle) ________

c. Sain nyo pa tabi nakua ang kaaraman manungod sa kampanya kontra sa

illegal na droga?
_____ Internet
_____ Dyaryo/Magasin
_____ Radyo
_____ Telebisyon
_____ Kung igwa pang iba pakikahang _________________________
 120

PART II. LEBEL KAN PERPORMANS “LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE” KAN

BARANGAY ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUGS ABUSE COUNCIL (BADAC)
SA KAMPANYA KONTRA ILEGAL NA DROGA

Direction: Paki sukol ang Lebel kan Perpormans sa mga minasunod na aytem na piga-
asahan sa sarong myembro kang BADAC sa paagi kan pag bilog sa tamang
numero sa kaibong na kolum. Paki hiling ang “scale” sa baba.

Quantitative Rating Qualitative Rating Qualitative Description

4 Sobrang Halangkaw 76% -100% na trabaho nin
BADAC ay nagigibo
3 Halangkaw 51% - 75% na trabaho nin BADAC
ay nagigibo
2 Hababa 26% - 50% na trabaho nin BADAC
ay nagigibo
1 Sobrang Hababa 1% - 25% na trabaho nin BADAC
ay nagigibo

Lebel Kan Perpormans

Trabaho kan BADAC
4 3 2 1
1. Pag-pakusog ning “Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC)”:
a. Pag-reorganisa ning BADAC na igwang komitiba
4 3 2 1
sa “Advocacy” asin “Operations”
b. Pag-gibo ning BADAC “Plan of Action” 4 3 2 1
c. Pag-organisa ning BADAC “Auxiliary Team” 4 3 2 1
d. Pag-gibo ning mga ordinansa asin pagpatupad ning
mga laye na minasuporta sa kampanya kontra 4 3 2 1
illegal na droga
e. Pag-pakusog ning kakayahan ning BADAC sa
paagi ning pag atender sa mga 4 3 2 1
seminar/training/forum, asin iba pa
f. Pag-kundoktar ning regolar na BADAC miting o
4 3 2 1
espesyal na miting kada bulan
g. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang:_____________ 4 3 2 1
2. Pag-kundoktar ning “Drug Abuse Prevention Campaign” sa barangay:
a. Pag-alokar ning budget para sa kampanya kontra
4 3 2 1
droga
b. Pag-kundoktar ning “capability enhancement” sa
mga residente, arog kan seminar, lektyur, asin iba 4 3 2 1
pa
 121

Lebel Kan Perpormans

Trabaho kan BADAC
4 3 2 1
c. Pag-distribwer ning “Information Education
4 3 2 1
Campaign (IEC) materials”
d. Pag-kahang ning mga paisi kontra illegal na droga
4 3 2 1
arog kan “infrographics”, “tarpaulin”.
e. “Sports Development Program” arog kan
4 3 2 1
“basketball tournament” asin iba pa
f. Pag-bisita sa eskwelahan 4 3 2 1
g. Youth Camps 4 3 2 1
h. Pag-kahang ning “Drug-Free Zones” 4 3 2 1
i. Paki pag-diyalogo sa iba-ibang organisasyon sa
barangay arog kang PTCA, youth, senior citizens, 4 3 2 1
TODA, asin iba pa
j. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang:_____________ 4 3 2 1
Pag-tao ning asistensya sa mga Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs),
3.
arog kan:
a. “Referral” para sa rehabilitasyon 4 3 2 1
b. Pag-monitor sa mga PWUDs habang sinda gaagi
4 3 2 1
ning community-based rehabilitation treatment
c. “Reintegration Program” halimbawa “livelihood
4 3 2 1
trainings”, asin iba pa
d. Pag-konduktar ning “counseling” para sa pamilya
4 3 2 1
ning PWUDs
e. “After care program” arog kan “counseling” para sa
4 3 2 1
mga PWUDs
f. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1
Suporta sa pag implementar ning “barangay drug clearing operations”,
4.
sa paagi kan:
a. Pag-organisa ning “house cluster” asin “cluster
4 3 2 1
leaders”
b. Pag-mukna ning “Rehabilitation and Referral
4 3 2 1
Desk”
c. Pag-kahang ning barangay “Rehabilitation and
4 3 2 1
Referral Desk Duty Officer”
d. Pag-aydentipikar asin pagtipon ning rekords kan
apektadong lugar ning droga sa barangay arog kang 4 3 2 1
purok, kalye, asin iba pa
e. Pag-aydentipikar asin pagtipon ning rekords kan
4 3 2 1
mga suspetsadong gagamit o gapabakal ning droga
 122

Lebel Kan Perpormans

Trabaho kan BADAC
4 3 2 1
f. Pag-sumiter ning rekords kan lugar asin personas sa
MADAC o lokal na PNP para sa balidasyon asin 4 3 2 1
pag-gibo ning “watch list”
g. Pag-sumiter ning “documentary requirements for
4 3 2 1
drug clearing” na kaipo kan “oversight agencies”
h. Padagos na “drug abuse prevention program” arog
kan “awareness lectures”, programang isports, asin 4 3 2 1
iba pa
i. Pag-mobilisar o “mobilize” kan BADAC “auxiliary
teams” para masigurong sustenable ang pagiging 4 3 2 1
“Drug Cleared” ning barangay
j. Pag-asistensya sa PNP asin PDEA sa mga
lehitimong “anti-drug operation” arog kan, 4 3 2 1
pagiging “witness”, pag-tesitigo sa korte asin iba pa
k. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang:_____________ 4 3 2 1
Pag-engganyo sa komunidad na mag report ning “drug-related information”, sa
5.
paagi kan:
a. Award and Commendation System 4 3 2 1
b. Barangay Hotline 4 3 2 1
c. Suggestion/Drop Box 4 3 2 1
d. Pag-isyo ning “Protection Orders” 4 3 2 1
e. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang:_____________ 4 3 2 1
 123

PART III. MGA PROBLEMANG NA-OBSERBAHAN KAN BADAC SA PAG

IMPLEMENTAR NING MGA PROGRAMA KONTRA SA ILEGAL
NA DROGA

Direksyon: Ang mga minasunod ay mga problemang pwedeng maka-apekto sa BADAC

sa pag implementar ning mga programa kontra sa ilegal na droga. Kung ang
minasunod na problema ay saindong na-obserbahan, paki sukol ang
kaseryusohan kan problema sa paagi kan pag bilog sa numero. Paki hiling
ang “scale” sa baba.

Quantitative Rating Qualitative Rating Qualitative Description

4 Halangkaw na
Problema
3 Medyo Problema
2 Bako Masyadong
Problema
76% - 100% igwang dakulang
epekto sa pag implementar kan
BADAC ning mga programa kontra
sa illegal na droga
51% - 75% igwang medyo dakulang
epekto sa pag implementar kan
BADAC ning mga programa kontra
sa illegal na droga
26% - 50% igwang epekto sa pag
implementar kan BADAC ning mga
programa kontra sa illegal na droga

1 Bakong Problema 1% - 25% igwang diit na epekto

pero kayang tawan solusyon sa pag
implementar kan BADAC ning mga
programa kontra sa illegal na droga

Scale
Mga Problema
4 3 2 1
1. Pag-pakusog ning “Barangay Anti-Drug Abuse Council (BADAC)”
a. Kulang na pakasabot sa trabaho bilang BADAC 4 3 2 1
b. Dai ning “BADAC Plan of Action” 4 3 2 1
c. Dai pag-implementar kan BADAC Plan of Action 4 3 2 1

d. Dai pag-kundosir ning regolar na “BADAC meeting” 4 3 2 1

e. Kulang ang kooperasyon 4 3 2 1

f. Dai nag-tatrabaho ang mga tinalaga sa BADAC
4 3 2 1
Committee on Advocacy
g. Dai nag-tatrabaho ang mga tinalaga sa BADAC
4 3 2 1
Committee on Operation
 124

Scale
Mga Problema
4 3 2 1
h. Dai nag-tatrabaho ang BADAC Auxiliary Team 4 3 2 1
i. Kulang sa pondo 4 3 2 1
j. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1
2. Pag kundoktar ning mga programa kontra illegal na droga sa barangay
a. Kulang ang “training” asin “orientation” para sa
pagkundosir ning mga “drug advocacy campaign 4 3 2 1
programs”
b. Kulang ang IEC materials o iba pang “campaign
4 3 2 1
facilities”
c. Kulang ang soporta hali sa “Local Chief Executives”
4 3 2 1
asin sa iba pang lokal na opisyal
d. Kulang sa pondo 4 3 2 1
e. Kulang sa naaraman o “awareness” ang mga
4 3 2 1
residente manungod sa “anti-illegal drugs campaign”
f. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1
3. Pag-tao ning asistensya sa mga “Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs)”
a. Dai nin “treatment and rehabilitation facilities” sa
4 3 2 1
probinsya
b. Aksesibilidad kan “treatment and rehabilitation
4 3 2 1
facilities”
c. Pagbalik ning mga dating nagsuko o “drug
4 3 2 1
surrenderers” sa pag gamit ning droga.
d. Kulang ang soporta hali sa “Local Chief Executives”
4 3 2 1
asin sa iba pang lokal na opisyal
e. Kulang ang partisipasyon kan pamilya nin mga
4 3 2 1
PWUDs
f. Kulang sa pondo 4 3 2 1
g. Negatibong impresyon ning komunidad sa mga
4 3 2 1
“drug surrenderers” o PWUDs
h. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1
4. Suporta sa pag implementar ning “barangay drug clearing operations”
a. Kulang na pakasabot manungod sa “drug clearing
4 3 2 1
operations”
b. Daing sapat na training sa pag-kolekta asin pag-
analisar ning mga “drug-related information” ang 4 3 2 1
BADAC
c. Dai nagtatrabaho ang mga tinalaga bilang “Cluster
4 3 2 1
leaders”
 125

Scale
Mga Problema
4 3 2 1
d. “Availability” pag-igwa nin “anti-drug operations”
4 3 2 1
sa barangay
e. Banta sa personal na seguridad 4 3 2 1
f. Kulang sa pondo 4 3 2 1
g. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1
5. Pag-engganyo sa komunidad na mag “report” ning “drug-related information”
a. Dai naki-alam ang mga residente sa “anti-illegal
4 3 2 1
drugs campaign”
b. Pagtubod na ang “anti-illegal drugs campaign” ay
4 3 2 1
trabaho sana ning PNP o PDEA
c. Kulang ang partisipasyon kan komunidad 4 3 2 1
d. Banta sa personal na seguridad 4 3 2 1
e. Kulang sa pondo 4 3 2 1
f. Kung igwa pang iba, pakikahang: _____________ 4 3 2 1

SALAMAT SA SAINDONG KOOPERASYON!

ATTRIBUTION
 130

ATTRIBUTION TABLE

Concepts/Parts of Questionnaire Sources

I. PROFILE OF THE RESPONDENTS

II. LEVEL OF PERFORMANCE OF BADAC
1. Revitalization of the BADAC:
a. Reorganized BADAC with Committee on
Advocacy and Committee on Operations  DILG Memorandum
b. Prepared of BADAC Plan of Action Circular No. 2015-063
 DILG & DDB Joint
c. Organized BADAC Auxiliary Team Memorandum Circular
d. Enacted ordinances and enforces laws in support to No. 2018-01
anti-illegal drugs campaign  DDB Board Regulation
e. Capacity building to BADAC members (e.g. No. 3, s 2017
attendance to trainings, seminar, etc.)  PNP Manual for Anti-
Illegal Drug Operations
f. Conducted of regular meetings (at least once a
month or call for a special meeting)
2. Conduct of drug abuse prevention advocacy campaigns in the barangay:
a. Allocation of budget for anti-drug campaigns
 DILG Memorandum
b. Conduct of capability enhancement to the residents Circular No. 2015-063
(e.g. seminar, lectures, etc.)  DILG & DDB Joint
c. Information Education Campaign (IEC) materials Memorandum Circular
distribution No. 2018-01
 DDB Board Regulation
d. Posting of anti-illegal drugs campaign advisory e.g. No. 3, s 2017
infographics, tarpaulin etc,  DDP – NADPA
e. Sports Development Programs  PNP Manual for Anti-
f. (e.g. basketball tournament, etc) Illegal Drug Operations
g. School Visitation
h. Youth Camps
i. Designation of “Drug-Free Zones”
j. Dialogue with the different organizations in the
barangay (e.g. PTCA, youth, senior citizens,
TODA, etc)
3. Provide assistance for Persons Who Use Drugs (PWUDs), such as:
a. Referral for Rehabilitation
 131

Concepts/Parts of Questionnaire Sources

b. Monitoring System for those undertaking
community-based rehabilitation treatment  DILG Memorandum
c. Reintegration Programs (e.g. livelihood trainings, Circular No. 2015-063
etc) DDB Board Regulation
d. Conduct of counseling activities to the families of No. 1, s 2006
PWUDs  DDB Board Regulation
e. Aftercare program such as counseling activities to No. 1, series of 2006
the PWUDs
4. Support the implementation of barangay drug clearing operations, through:
a. Organize house cluster with cluster leaders
 DILG Memorandum
b. Establishment of Rehabilitation and Referral Desk Circular No. 2015-063
c. Designate a barangay Rehabilitation and Referral  DILG & DDB Joint
Desk Duty Officer Memorandum Circular
d. Identify and consolidate records of drug affected No. 2018-01
places in the barangay (e.g. purok, streets, etc)  DDB Board Regulation
e. Identify and consolidate records of suspected drug No. 3, s 2017
users or pushers  DDP – NADPA
f. Submit consolidated records of places and  PNP Manual for Anti-
personalities to MADAC or Local PNP for Illegal Drug Operations
validation and formulation of watch list
g. Submit documentary requirements for drug clearing
needed by the oversight agencies
h. Continuous drug abuse prevention programs, e.g.
awareness lectures, sports program, etc.
i. Mobilize auxiliary teams to ensure sustainability as
“Drug Cleared” barangay
j. Assist the PNP and PDEA during legitimate anti-
drug operations, such as, act as witness, testify in
court, etc
5. Encourage the community in reporting drug-related information, through:
a. Award and Commendation System
 DILG Memorandum
b. Barangay Hotline Circular No. 2015-063
 Researcher-made
c. Suggestion/Drop Box questions
 Suggestions from
d. Issuance of Protection Orders
reliable source
III. PROBLEMS OBSERVED BY BADAC
CURRICULUM VITAE
 134

CURRICULUM VITAE

PERSONAL INFORMATION
PERSONNAL INFORMATION

Name : EMAR CANALES VARGAS

Date of Birth : JUNE 1, 1988
Place of Birth : BALANGKAYAN, EASTERN SAMAR
Permanent Address : CALATAGAN PROPER, VIRAC, CATANDUANES
Civil Status : SINGLE
Citizenship : FILIPINO
Religion : ROMAN CATHOLIC
Father : ELMER TABLIZO VARGAS
Mother : MARINA CANALES VARGAS

EDUCATIONAL
EDUCATIONAL BACKGROUND
BACKGROUND

Post Graduate Study : Catanduanes State University

MASTER OF PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
(2008 – 2019)

College Education : Catanduanes State Colleges

BACHELOR OF SCIENCE IN INDUS. TECHNOLOGY
(2004 – 2008)

Secondary Education : Catanduanes National High School - Annex

(2000 – 2004)

Elementary Education : Calatagan Elementary School

(1994 – 2000)

ELIGIBILITIES:
ELIGIBILITIES

 CIVIL SERVICE : PD 907 – Honor Graduate

Career Service Professional

 NAPOLCOM : Police Officer (PO) Eligibility

Senior Police Officer (SPO) Eligibility
 135

EMPLOYMENT
EMPLOYMENTHISTORY:
HISTORY

 Philippine National Police

Catanduanes Police Provincial Office
CATANDUANES 1ST PROVINCIAL MOBILE FORCE COMPANY
Police Strategy Management Unit PNCO
May 2015 - present

 Philippine National Police

Police Regional Office 5
REGIONAL TRAINING CENTER & REGIONAL SPECIAL TRAINING UNIT
December 11, 2013 – May 2015

 Department of Public Works Highways

CATANDUANES DISTRICT ENGINEERING OFFICE
April 2008 – June 2013

IN-SERVICE
IN-SERVICETRAININGS/ SEMINARS ATTENDED:
TRAININGS/SEMINARS ATTENDED

 United States Department of Justice, International Criminal Investigative Training

Assistance Program (US-DOJ ICITAP) sponsored courses:
 COMMUNITY POLICING COURSE (January 14 – 18, 2019)
 ETHICS COURSE (January 22 – 26, 2018)
 HUMAN RIGHTS COURSE (January 15 – 19, 2018)
 TECHNICAL WRITING & PUBLIC SPEAKING (November 20 – 24, 2017)
 INSTRUCTOR DEVELOPMENT COURSE (November 6 – 17, 2017)

 SPECIAL COUNTER INSURGENCY OPERATION UNIT TRAINING

PRO5, Regional Special Training Unit 5
January 8, 2015 to March 30, 2015

 PUBLIC SAFETY FIELD TRAINING PROGRAM (PSFTP)

PRO5, Regional Training Center 5
December 11, 2013 to December 2014