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Engine Speed/Timing Sensor -


Calibrate... 3406E, C12, C15 and C18
Marine Engines #i01853499 Caterpillar

Diagnostic Motor Vehicle - Truck


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System Operation Description:

The Electronic Control Module (ECM) has the ability to calibrate


the mechanical differences between the Top Center (TC) of the
flywheel and the TC of the timing gear on the camshaft. A
magnetic transducer signals the TC of the flywheel to the ECM
when a notch on a counterweight passes by the transducer.
The engine speed/timing sensor signals the TC of the timing
gear to the ECM. Any offset between the TC of the flywheel and
the TC of the timing gear is stored into the memory of the ECM.

Note: A timing calibration will not increase the available engine


power.

Table 1 lists the special tools that are required in order to


perform this procedure.

Show/hide table
Required Special Tools

Part Number Description

7X-1171
Transducer Adapter

6V-2197
Transducer

7X-1695
Cable As

170-3519 (1)
Harness

Table 1

Show/hide table
( 1 ) This item is not required if the engine harness has a connector
for timing calibration.
Test Step 1. Install the Transducer Adapter

A. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF position.

B. Use the appropriate engine turning tool to put either the


No. 1 piston or the No. 6 piston at top center. Refer to
Systems Operation/Testing and Adjusting, "Finding the
Top Center Position for the No. 1 Piston".

C. Refer to Table 2. After the top center position has been


located, rotate the crankshaft for the number of degrees
that is applicable to your engine model. Be sure to rotate
the crankshaft in the direction of rotation that is specified
in the Table.

Show/hide table
Crankshaft Rotation

Engine Number of Direction of


Model Degrees Rotation

Opposite Normal
3406E 60
Rotation

Opposite Normal
C12 60
Rotation

Opposite Normal
C15 60
Rotation

Opposite Normal
C18 30
Rotation

Table 2

Show/hide table

Illustration 1 g01154177
C12 right side view (typical example)

(1) Plug

Show/hide table

Illustration 2 g01154178
3406E, C15, and C18 left side view (typical example)

(1) Plug

D. Refer to Table 3. Locate the engine's timing calibration


port.

Show/hide table
Location of the Timing Calibration Port

Engine Crankshaft Engine


Model Counterweight Location

3406E 2 Left Side

C12 8 Right Side

C15 2 Left Side

C18 2 Left Side

Table 3

E. Remove plug (1) from the timing calibration port.

F. Thread the transducer adapter into the port.

Results:

Continue to the next test step.

Test Step 2. Install the Transducer

Show/hide table

NOTICE
If the crankshaft is not in the correct position when the transducer is installed,
the transducer will be damaged when the engine is started.

A. Apply clean engine oil to a 2D-6392


O-Ring Seal. Install the O-ring seal on the end of
the 6V-2197
Transducer .

B. Push the transducer through the transducer adapter until


the transducer contacts the crankshaft counterweight.

C. Withdraw the transducer 1.0 mm (0.04 inch) and hand


tighten the nut on the adapter sleeve in order to secure
the transducer. Move the O-ring seal against the adapter.

Results:

Continue to the next test step.

Test Step 3. Connect the 7X-1695


Cable As

A. If the engine harness is equipped with a connector for


timing calibration, connect the 7X-1695
Cable As to the connector for timing calibration
and to the transducer.

B. If the engine harness is not equipped with a connector


for timing calibration, perform the following procedure:

a. Disconnect the P2 connector from the ECM.

b. Remove the sealing plugs from P2-26 and P2-36.


Do not discard the sealing plugs. The sealing
plugs may be reinstalled when the timing
calibration is complete.
Note: Ensure that each wire is installed into the
correct location. The timing calibration will not be
successful if the wires are installed incorrectly.

c. Install the white wire of the 170-3519


Harness into P2-26.

d. Install the yellow wire of the 170-3519


Harness into P2-36.

e. Connect the J2/P2 connectors. Tighten the allen


head screw on the P2 connector to the
appropriate torque. Refer to Troubleshooting,
"Electrical Connectors - Inspect" for the correct
torque value.

f. Connect the 7X-1695


Cable As to the connector for timing
calibration and to the transducer.

Results:

Continue to the next test step.

Test Step 4. Start the Engine and Check for Diagnostic


Codes

A. Connect Caterpillar Electronic Technician (ET) to the


service tool connector. Refer to Troubleshooting,
"Electronic Service Tools".

B. Start the engine and run the engine until the engine is at
the normal operating temperature.

C. Check for active diagnostic codes.


The engine must not have any active diagnostic codes
during the timing calibration except for a 261-13
Engine Timing Calibration required.

Expected Result:

There are no active diagnostic codes or there is only an active


261-13
diagnostic code.

Results:

OK - There are no active diagnostic codes or there is


only an active 261-13
diagnostic code. Proceed to Test Step 5.

Not OK - There is at least one active code that is not


261-13
.
Repair: Troubleshoot and repair any active diagnostic
codes before you continue with this procedure.

STOP

Test Step 5. Calibrate the Engine Speed/Timing Sensor

A. Set the engine speed to 1100 ± 50 rpm. The engine


speed must be steady within this rpm range in order for
the calibration to be successful.

B. After the engine has warmed up, access the "Timing


Calibration" screen on the Cat ET. Access the following
display screens in order:

Service

Calibrations

Timing Calibration

C. To calibrate the timing, select "Continue" on Cat ET. Wait


until Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated.

Expected Result:

Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated.

Results:

OK - Cat ET indicates that the timing is calibrated.


Repair: Perform the following procedure:

1. Set the engine speed to low idle.


Note: Disconnect the 7X-1695
Cable As before you exit the "Timing
Calibration" screen. Otherwise, diagnostic codes
may be activated.

2. Disconnect the 7X-1695


Cable As .

3. Exit the "Timing Calibration" screen on Cat ET.

4. Turn the keyswitch to the OFF position.

5. Remove the transducer and remove the adapter.

6. Install the plug into the timing calibration port.

7. If you installed a 170-3519


Harness, you may remove the harness or
you may permanently install the harness for future
use. If you remove the harness, install the sealing
plugs into the unused cavities of the P2
connector. Otherwise, moisture and debris will
enter the connector.
If you choose to permanently install the harness,
fasten the harness to the existing engine wiring
harness with cable ties. Also, install a 3E-3364
Receptacle and two 8T-8737
Seal Plugs on the P400 timing calibration
probe connector in order to prevent moisture and
debris from entering the connector.

8. Return the engine to service.


STOP

Not OK - The timing calibration was unsuccessful.


Repair: The following conditions can cause the timing
calibration to fail:

If the crankshaft and camshaft gears have been


reassembled incorrectly, the timing will not
calibrate.

Verify that the timing calibration probe is installed


correctly.

Verify that the engine speed is correct and that the


engine speed is stable. If the engine speed is
unstable, refer to Troubleshooting, "Engine
Misfires, Runs Rough or Is Unstable".

There may be a problem with the transducer or


with the cables. Obtain a new transducer and/or a
new cable and repeat the timing calibration.

STOP

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