Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

1. Two sinusoidal signals having equal amplitudes & equal frequencies having phase
difference of 180o applied to vertical and horizontal inputs of oscilloscope. The lissajious
figure, observed on the screen is __________

(a) circle rotating in clockwise direction

(b) diagonal straight line making 45o with negative x-axis
(c) diagonal straight line making 45o with positive x-axis
(d) Circle rotating in anti-clockwise direction

3
2. A 4 digital voltmeter is operated in selected voltage range of 40V. The resolution of
4
this DVM in this range is _________________

(a) 1 mV (b) 0.4 MV

(c) 4 mV (d) 0.1 mV

3. The screen of a CRO has 10 divisions on the horizontal scale. A voltage signal
 
10sin 200t  30 V is tested with a X-scale setting of 2 ms per div. The number of cycles of
o

signal displayed is _________.

1
4. A digital voltmeter has 3 digit display. In 20V range, it can read upto ________ V.
2

1
5. A 3 digit DMM has the error specification as 0.3% of reading plus 2 counts. A dc voltage
2
of 10 V is read on its 20 V range. The error that can be expressed in the reading is_______ %.

(a)  0.3% (b)  0.2%

(c)  0.1% (d)  0.5%

6. List-I is about various electronic instruments. List –II is about measurement characteristic.
Match List – I with List – II.

List I List II
(A) CRO (P) Parallel resonance
(B) Q-meter (Q) Time domain analysis
(C) Spectrum Analyzer (R) Average measurement
(D) Dual slope digital voltmeter (S) Frequency domain analysis
(T) Series resonance
(U) rms measurement

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

Codes

A B C D
(a) R T U P
(b) Q T S R
(c) S U P T
(d) T Q P S

1
7. The sensitivity of a digital voltmeter that has 4 digit display and lowest range of 2V is
2
____ mV.

8. In sweep mode of operation of CRO, the number of cycles of signal displayed on the
screen will be equal to ___________

(a) Ratio of sweep to signal frequencies

(b) Ratio of signal to sweep frequencies
(c) Product of signal and sweep frequencies
(d) None

9. Which one of the following statements correctly represents the post acceleration in a
Cathode Ray Tube?

(a) It provides deflection of the beam

(b) It increases the brightness of the trace if the signal frequency is higher than 10 MHz
(c) It increases the beam before deflection
(d) It increases the brightness of the trace of low frequency

10. A diagonal line making 135o with positive X-axis is displayed on the screen, when CRO is
operated in X-Y mode. What is the phase difference between Y and X input signals.

(d) 135o (b) 180o

(c) 0o (d) 90o

3
11. A 3 digital voltmeter can be operated in 0-4 V, 0-40V, 0-400 V voltage ranges what is
4
its sensitivity.

(a) 3 mV (b) 4 mV
(c) 2 mV (d) 1 mV

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

12. A 1000 Hz sinusoidal voltage is connected to both X and Y inputs of a CRO. Which of the
following waveforms is seen on CRO??
(a) Sine wave (b) Circle
(c) Ellipse (d) Straight line

13. Lissajous pattern on a oscilloscope, 7 vertical tangencies and 5 horizontal tangencies. If

vertical frequency is 400 Hz, ________ Hz is horizontal frequency.

14. When a sinusoidal signal of 220 V, 50 Hz on CRO produces a vertical deflection of 2 cm

at a particular setting of the vertical gain control, what would be the value of the voltage to
be applied to produce a deflection of 3 cm for the same vertical gain?

(a) 330 V (b) 110 V

(c) 220 V (d) 55 V

15. What is a reading of 0.8245 on 1 V range in four and a half digit voltmeter displayed as?
(a) 0.8245 (b) 00.824
(c) 000.82 (d) 0000.8

16. In a CRT, 3  1017 electrons are accelerated through a potential difference of 10,000 V
over a distance of 40 mm per minute ___________ W is the average power supplied to the
beam of electrons.

17. A CRO is used to measure the voltage as shown below in the diagram. CRO probe has
the impedance of 600 k with a capacitance in parallel of a value of 20 pF. The reading of
CRO will be ____________ V.

18. A CRO with a rise time of 15 ns measures the rise time of an unknown signal as 20 ns.
The horizontal deflection sensitivity of a CRO is 0.02 mm/V. If an unknown voltage is applied
to the horizontal plates, the spot shits 4.0 mm horizontally. The actual rise time of the
unknown signal is ________ ns.

19. A CRO with a rise time of 15 ns measures the rise time of an unknown signal as 20 ns.
The horizontal deflection sensitivity of a CRO is 0.02 mm/V. If an unknown voltage is applied
to the horizontal plates, the spot shits 4.0 mm horizontally. __________ V is the value of the
unknown voltage.

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

20. The waveform shown in the figure given below is observed on the screen of an
oscilloscope. If the vertical attenuation is set to 0.5 V/div. If the time/div control is set to
2s/div when the waveform in the given figure above is displayed on the CRT screen,
____________ kHz is the frequency of the signal.

21. The horizontal deflection plates in a cathode ray tube are 30 mm long and 6 mm apart.
The centre of these plates is 30 cm from the screen, accelerating voltage is 3000V. The
deflection factor of cathode ray oscilloscope is ______________ V/mm.

1
22. In a digital multimeter, 4 digital display is used. The value 0.7235 V is display on 10V
2
range as ______________ V.

3
23. In digital meter, maximum range of 3 digits is ___________.
4

1
24. In a digital multimeter, 4 digital display is used. The value 14.32V is displayed on 10V
2
range of _________________ V.

25. The horizontal deflection plates in a cathode ray tube are 30 mm long and 6 mm apart.
The centre of these plates is 30 cm from the screen, accelerating voltage is 3000V. The
deflection of sensitivity is _____________ mm/V.

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

26. For waveform shown in the below figure, if vertical attenuation is 4mV/div, then the root
mean square value of the signal is _________________ mV.

(a)5.66 (b) 4.58

(c) 5.23 (d) 4.25

27. In frequency counter, if the input signal and gate time base signal are not synchronized,
then it leads to

(a) Gatting error (b) Time base error

(c) Gross error (d) Trigger level error

28. In a digital multimeter, rectifier is used for the measurement of

(a) DC voltage (b) Resistor

(c) AC voltage (d) Current

29. The minimum time/division sensitivity for an oscilloscope that is to be used to

investigate a 40MHz waveform is _______________ ns/div. Assume that one cycle occupying five
horizontal divisions.

30. A Pulse waveform with a rise time of 20 ns is applied to an oscilloscope that has an upper
cutoff frequency of 30MHz. The displayed rise time will be ____________ ns.

31. The maximum time t1 for the digital voltmeter (Ramp type), if the clock generator
 1 
frequency is 2.0MHz is ____________ ms.  It has 3 digit display 
 2 
1
32. A 3 digit digital voltmeter has voltage ranges: (0  200) V, (0 – 20) V, (0 – 2) V. The
2
sensitivity is ___________ (mV)

33. A digital voltmeter has a readout range from 0 to 1999 counts. The resolution of this
instrument for full scale reading of 199.9 V
(a) 0.01 V (b) 0.1 V
(c) 0.01 mV (d) 0.1 mV

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

1
34. A 10 V dc voltage is measured by a 3 digit multimeter that has an accuracy of (0.4%
2
of reading plus 2 digits). What is the percentage error in reading when DMM operated in
20V range.

(a)  0.45% (b)  0.2%

(c)  0.4% (d)  0.6%

ms
35. A CRO has screen dimensions of 10 div  8 div. Its horizontal dial is set as 5. When
div
operated in sweep mode, what should be minimum signal frequency for stable display?

(a) 50 Hz (b) 100 Hz

(c) 20 Hz (d) 1 kHz

1
36. A 4 digital voltmeter is operated in 0 – 200 V, range to measure a dc voltage of 5V.
2
This DVM has an error of  [0.2% of reading + 1 digit]. What is the amount of error
expressed as percentage of reading?

(a) 0.4% (b) 0.15%

(c) 0.2% (d) 0.5%

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

Solutions
1. Ans: (b)
 
Solution: let y  A sin  t  and x=A sin t  1800  A sin  t 
Hence the lissajious figure is straight line y=-x

2. Ans: (a)
3
Solution: 4 digit voltmeter can measures value between 0 to 39999. Hence range =40000
4
40V 40V
Resolution r    1mV
4  10 4
40000

3. Ans: 2
sec
10 div  2m
width of screen div  2
Solution: n  
time period of wave form 10msec

4. Ans: 19.99
1
Solution: Maximum voltage by 3 DVM in 20 V range  19.99 V
2

5. Ans: (d)
Solution:
 Fullscale 
Total Error  % error due to reading x Reading value  No. of counts   
 Range of meter 
0.3  20 
Total error   10V  2  V   0.03 V  0.02 V  0.05 V
100  2000 
0.05V
% error in reading of 10V    100%   0.5%
10V

6. Ans: (b)

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

7. Ans: 0.1
1
Solution: 4 digit voltmeter can measures between 0 to 19999. Hence range =20000
2
2V
Sensitivity = best resolution   0.1 mV
2  10 4

8. Ans: (b)
Tsweep fsignal
Solution: n  
Tsignal fsweep

9. Ans: (b)
Solution: If signals of frequencies greater than 10 MHz are being displayed on, then post
deflection acceleration essentially increases the brightness of the trace.

10. Ans: (b)

11. Ans: (d)

3
Solution: 3 digit voltmeter can measures between 0 to 3999. Hence range =4000
4
4V
Sensitivity = best resolution   1mV
4  103

12. Ans: (d)

Solution: Since both inputs to CRO are the same, so pattern will be a straight line.

13. Ans: 560

fv Th 400 5
Solution:   
fh Tv fh 7
400  7
fh   560 Hz
5

14. Ans: (a)

Solution: 2 cm deflection  220 Volt

220
 1 cm deflection  Volt
2

220
So, 3 cm deflection   3  330 Volt
2

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

15. Ans: (a)

1
Solution: Resolution =  0.0001
10 4
Resolution on 1 V range = 1  0.0001  0.0001
Therefore on 1V range any reading can be displayed to 4th decimal place.
Hence, 0.8245 will be displayed as 0.8245 on 1V range.

16. Ans: 8
Solution: Total energy supplied by the source in one minute.
W  3  1017  1.6  1019  10000  480 Joule
480
 Average power supplied to beam   8W
60

17. Ans: 1.30 to 1.32

Solution: The diagram is shown below

1 1
Here XC     j 13.26 k
jC j  2  600  103  20  1012
Apply KCL at node A, we have
VA  20 VA V VA  1 1 1 1  1
  A   0  VA     
200 200 600  j 13.26  200 200 600 j13.26  10
1

VA 0.0763181.2o  
10
=>VA  1.31  81.2o

So, VA  1.31 V

18. Ans: 13.22 to 13.24

Solution: trs  202  152  13.23 ns

19. Ans: 200

Solution: Deflection sensitivity = 0.02 mm/V
D
SD 
Vd

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

Shifting of spot, D  4 mm
4
Voltage  Vd   200 V
0.02

20. Ans: 125

Solution: The period of the signal is calculate using the equation

 Time   no. of div 

T    2s  4  8s
 div   cycle 

1 1
Hence frequency is f= = =125kHz
T 8μs

21. Ans: 4
Solution: Id  30mm  0.03m, d  6mm  0.006m, L  30cm  0.3cm, Va  2500V
Deflection sensitivities
LI 0.30  0.03 m
S d   0.00025m / v  0.25mm / V
2dVa 2  0.006  3000 v

1 1
G   4V / mm
S 0.25mm / v

22. Ans: 0.7 to 0.8

1 1
Solution: Re solution, R=  4  0.0001
10 n
10
Resolution on 10V range = 10  0.0001=0.001V
So, it ca measure only upto 3 decimal places
 0.7235 will be display as 0.723V

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

23. Ans: 4000

Solution:
Maximum
Digits counts
1
3 2000
2
3
3 4000
4
1
4 20000
2
3
4 40000
4
4
4 50000
5

24. Ans: 14.3 to 14.4

1 1
Solution: Re solution, R   4  0.0001
10 n
10
In terms of voltage  10 x 0.0001  0.001V
So,it can display upto 3 decimal places
 14.32V would be displayed as 14.320V

25. Ans: 0.025

Solution: Id  30mm  0.03m,d  6mm  0.006mL  30m, Va  2500V
Deflection sensitivity
LId 0.30  0.03 m
S=   0.00025 m / v  0.25mm / V
2dVa 2  0.006  3000 v

26. Ans: (a)

Solution: Vp p  4  4 mv/div =16mV
Vp p 16
 Rms value =   5.66mV
2 2 2 2

27. Ans: (a)

28. Ans: (c)

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

29. Ans: 5
1 1
Solution: T    25ns
f 40MHz
T 25
 minimum time/div =   5ns / div
5 5
30. Ans: 23 to 24

0.35 0.35
Solution: tro    11.67 ns
fH 30MHz

t   t  20  11.67
2 2 2 2
trd  ri ro
  23.15ns

31. Ans: 0.8 to 1.2

N 1999
Solution: Maximum pulse counted N=1999; t1    999.5s  1ms
f 2.0MHz

32. Ans: 1
2V
Solution: S   1mV
2  103

33. Ans: (b)

Full Scale Deflection 199.9
Solution: Resolution    0.1 V
Range 2000

34. Ans: (d)

 Full Scale Reading 
Solution: Error   %error  Reading  No. of digits  
 Range 
 0.4 20V 
Error     10V  2     0.04 V  0.02 V   0.06 V
 100 2  103 
0.06V
% Error in reading of 10V =  100%  0.6%
10V

35. Ans: (c)

5 ms
Solution: Tsweep  10 div   50 ms
div

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

1
fsweep   20 Hz
50 ms
fsignal(min)  fsweep  20 Hz

36. Ans: (a)

Full Scale Reading

Solution: Error  %error  Reading  No. of digits 
Range

0.2 200
Error   5  1  0.02 V
100 20000

0.02
%Error   100  0.4%
5

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

We recommend you to take the Chapter Test first and then check
the Solutions.

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

Chapter Test Solutions

1. Ans: (a)
Solution: A 2.5 cycles of square wave displayed
time
10 div 
width of screen div
2.5  
time period of wave form 20msec
Time sec
 5m
div div
volt Vpp 8V Volt
  2
div number of division P-P 4div div
Volt
 Vertical deflection sensitivity  2
div

2. Ans: (a)

3. Ans: (b)
100
Solution: T1  100  tclk => T1  ...............(1)
fclk
To remove 60 Hz
n
T1  n  Ts => T1  ................(2)
60 Hz
Eq(1)  Eq(2)
100 n

fclk 60 Hz
60 Hz  100
fclk 
n
6 kHz
fclk max   6 kHz
1

4. Ans: (c)
Voutput 10V
Solution: Q    100
Vinput 100mV
1 1
L =  48.2 mH
2f  C  Cd  2  50kHz  200pF  10pF
2 2

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

5. Ans: 0.24 to 0.25

 R 
Qm  Qm  1  sh 
Q  QT  R  R sh
Solution: % error  m  100%  
QT  R  R sh  R
Qm  1  sh 
 R 
0.05
% error   100%  0.249%  0.25%
20  0.05

6. Ans: (c)

7. Ans: (a)
1
Solution: For 0-2V range, 3 digit digital voltmeter can measures maximum 1.999V.
2

8. Ans: (c)
Solution: For anti-clock wise orientation
 Y1 
 
Phase difference = 3600   where   sin 
1

 Y2 
2
  sin1    300
4
Phase difference=3300

9. Ans: (d)

10. Ans: (a)

1
Solution: Resolution over 1 V range   1V  0.0001 V/division
10 4
So, it can display upto 4 decimal places.
1
So, 4 digit voltmeter will display 0.3861 as 0 .3 8 6 1 over 1V range.
2

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 Measurement (CRO and Digital Meter)

11. Ans: (b)

1 1
Solution: Re solution =  4  0.0001 where n is the number of full digits
10 n
10
Resolution on 10V range is 10V  0.001=0.001
Any reading up to the 3rd decimal can be displayed.
Hence 0.6973 will be displayed as 0.697.

12. Ans: (c)

Solution:

R
Z
1  jCR
R
Z   31.83 k
1   CR 
2

31.83  10
Z eq   7.61 k
41.83
7.61 k  10 k
% error   23.9%
10 k

13. Ans: 1.5

Solution: Using the equation

 volts   no. of div 

Vp p    
 div   1 
Vp p  0.5V  3  1.5V

14. Ans: (c)

15. Ans: (b)

Solution: 1 cycle, 9 Div = 360
 Phase difference  = 1.5 div  40o / div = 60

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