STI College San Jose Del Monte

STI Academic Center, Altaraza Town Center, Brgy. Tungkong Mangga, District 1, San Jose Del Monte, Bulacan

PERFORMANCE
TASK
FOR THE PRE-FINALS IN
Mathematics in the Modern World

Goodness of Fit Test and Test for Independence

using Chi-Square

SUMITTED BY:
ARIZALA, KIM JACOB
BENEDICTO, EIVANNIEL LEONARD
ELIZAN, JOHN
OFRECIO, KHRISTIAN ART
PAJADO, IAN LANCE
SAN PEDRO, JOANA
TESIORNA, JERECHO

BSCpE – BE101A
 Goodness of Fit Test
1.) A research conducted through survey 500 smartphone users asking what are their
preference in choosing a smartphone (Camera, Design, Internals, Portability, etc.). At a
α = 0.05, is there enough evidence to conclude that the distribution is the same?

% of preferences in
Response Response Frequency
smartphone

Camera 27% Camera 147

Design 20% Design 99

Portability 15% Portability 68

Internals 22% Internals 119

Others. 16% Others. 67

a. The null hypothesis Ho : the population frequencies are equal to expected frequencies.
b. The Alternative hypothesis Ha : the null hypothesis is False.
c. The level of significance α = 0.05
d. The degrees of freedom: (k – 1) = (5 – 1) = 4
e. The test statistic:
% of
(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
Response Preferences in O E (O – E) (𝑂 – 𝐸)2
Smartphone 𝐸

Camera 27% 200 0.27 ⋅ 500 = 135 12 144 1.06

Design 20% 147 0.2 ⋅ 500 = 100 -1 1 0.01

Portability 16% 99 0.16 ⋅ 500 = 80 -12 144 1.8

Internals 22% 68 0.22 ⋅ 500 = 110 9 81 0.73

15%
Others. 119 0.15 ⋅ 500 = 75 -9 81 1.08
(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
𝑥2 = ∑ = 𝟒. 𝟔𝟖
𝐸

f. The critical value: 9.49 (α = 0.05 & df = 4)

g. Decision: Since x2 = 4.68 < 9.49, The null hypothesis is accepted. Therefore, we
conclude that the population frequencies are equal to expected frequencies.
 2.) A police believes that the number of murder case in the Philippines on each month
of the year is equal. A simple random of 9,900 recorded murder cases from the year
2014. And the results are below. At a significance level of 0.05, is there enough
evidence to support the police’s claim?

Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec

Frequency 843 725 860 863 796 766 998 732 790 902 897 728

a. The null hypothesis Ho : the population frequencies are equal to expected frequencies.
b. The Alternative hypothesis Ha : the null hypothesis is False.
c. The level of significance α = 0.05
d. The degrees of freedom: (k – 1) = (12– 1) = 11
e. The test statistic:

(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
Month O E (O – E) (𝑂 – 𝐸)2
𝐸
⋅
1,1 =

2
(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
𝑥 = ∑ =
𝐸
f. The critical value: (α = & df =)
g. Decision: Since the Chi-square’s test statistic result is <> than the Critical value
(𝑥 2 =>), the null hypothesis is <>. Therefore, we conclude that there is <>
between <> and <>.
Test for Independence
1.) 1000 Filipino voters were participated in a random sampling did by the False Asia
Survey. Respondents were classified by sex (male or female) and by voting preference
(Dilawan, DDS or Independent) using 0.05 level of significance. Results are shown in the
contingency table below:

Voting Preferences
Sex TOTAL
Dilawan DDS Independent
Male 200 150 50 400

Female 250 300 50 600

TOTAL 450 450 100 1000

h. The null hypothesis Ho : the Sex and Voting Preferences are independent.
i. The Alternative hypothesis Ha : the Sex and Voting Preferences are not independent.
j. The level of significance α = 0.05
k. The degrees of freedom:
(number of rows - 1) x (number of column - 1) = ( 2 – 1 ) x ( 3 – 1 ) = 2
l. The test statistic:

2 (𝑂 − 𝐸)2
Row, Column O E (O – E) (𝑂 – 𝐸)
𝐸
400 ⋅ 450
1,1 200 = 180 20 400 2.22
1000
400 ⋅ 450
1,2 150 = 180 -30 900 5.00
1000
400 ⋅ 100
1,3 50 = 40 10 100 2.50
1000
600 ⋅ 450
2,1 250 = 270 -20 400 1.48
1000
600 ⋅ 450
2,2 300 = 270 30 900 3.33
1000
600 ⋅ 450
2,3 50 = 60 -10 100 1.67
1000

2
(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
𝑥 = ∑ = 𝟏𝟔. 𝟐
𝐸
f. The critical value: 5.99 (α = 0.05 & df = 2)
g. Decision: Since the Chi-square’s test statistic result is greater than the Critical
value (𝑥 2 = 16.2 > 5.99), the null hypothesis is rejected. Therefore, we
conclude that there is relationship between sex and voting preference.
2.) A 340 randomly selected people in their 20s were asked about their favorite place to
go on a Friday night. The results are given in the table, together with a person’s gender:

MOVIES Sports Game RESTAURANT SHOPPING CONCERT

MAN 43 50 46 19 42
WOMEN 29 21 31 31 28

Test at a 5% level of significance whether the preferred activity depends on the gender.

f. The null hypothesis Ho : The population frequencies are equal to the

expected frequencies.
g. The Alternative hypothesis Ha : the null hypothesis is false.
h. The level of significance α = 0.05
i. The degrees of freedom:
(number of rows - 1) x (number of column - 1) = (2 – 1)(5 – 1)= 4
j. The test statistic:

(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
Row, Column O E (O – E) (𝑂 – 𝐸)2
𝐸
72 ⋅ 200
1,1 43 340 0.648 0.419 0.009
= 42.352
71 ⋅ 200
1,2 50 340 8.236 67.831 1.624
= 41.764
77 ⋅ 200
1.3 46 340 0.706 0.498 0.011
= 45.294
50 ⋅ 200
1,4 19 340 -10.411 108.388 3.685
= 29.411
70 ⋅ 200
1,5 42 340 9.442 89.151 2.738
= 32.558
72 ⋅ 140
2,1 29 340 -0.647 0.418 0.014
= 29.647
71 ⋅ 140
2,2 21 340 -8.235 67.815 2.319
= 29.235
77 ⋅ 140
2,3 31 340 -0.705 0.497 0.015
= 31.705
50 ⋅ 140
2,4 31 340 10.412 108.409 5.265
= 20.588
 70 ⋅ 140
2,5 28 340 -0.829 0.687 0.023
= 28.829

(𝑂−𝐸)2
𝑥2 = ∑ =15.703
𝐸
f. The critical value: 9.49 (α = 0.05 & df = 4)
g. Decision: Since the Chi-square’s test statistic result is > than the Critical value
(𝑥 2 > 9.49), the null hypothesis is Rejected. Accept the alternative hypothesis.
3.)

TOTAL

a. The null hypothesis Ho :

b. The Alternative hypothesis Ha :
c. The level of significance α =
d. The degrees of freedom:
(number of rows - 1) x (number of column - 1) =
e. The test statistic:

(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
Row, Column O E (O – E) (𝑂 – 𝐸)2
𝐸
⋅
1,1 =

(𝑂 − 𝐸)2
𝑥2 = ∑ =
𝐸
f. The critical value: (α = & df =)
g. Decision: Since the Chi-square’s test statistic result is <> than the Critical value
(𝑥 2 =>), the null hypothesis is <>. Therefore, we conclude that there is <>
between <> and <>.