EFN (www.ecolo.

org) proposes this simple tool to help you calculate your carbon footprint (CO2 emissions)
it can be used to calculate the footprint of a family, company, group or individual person
Discover the importance for the planet of carbon reduction in your own life (or family, or group, or company)
with this new and powerful carbon accounting system and carbon simulator.

First of all, check your meters and take note of your electricity and gas counters, and car mileage, on January 1st and Decembe

Enter the statistical data concerning your country in these three grey boxes
What is the population in your country (in million inhabitants) :
What are the CO2 Emissions in your country (in Mt = millions of tons of CO2)
What is the electricity consumption in your country (in TWh) :
CO2 emissions in your country for electricity production (in grams of CO2/kWh)
See http://www.ecolo.org/documents/documents_in_english/IEA-Stats-all-03.html
See http://www.ecolo.org/documents/documents_in_english/IEA-Stats-all-03.html
See http://www.ecolo.org/documents/documents_in_english/IEA-Stats-all-03.html
See http://www.ecolo.org/documents/documents_in_english/CO2-per-kWh.gif

CO2 emitted by your country for electricity production : 0 million tons of CO2

Number of large trees needed to absorb the same amount of carbon (millions of trees) : 0

Surface of forest needed to absorb the same amount of carbon (in km ) : 2

0
Then enter your personal data in the grey boxes below, as indicated ; boxes other than grey should not be modified (conversion factors and calculations)

EMISSIONS FROM HOUSE OR BUILDING HEATING

GAS HEATING
Enter a number for only one of the following :
Your consumption of natural gas (in cubic meters) 2.1 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: Carbon trust
Your consumption of natural gas (in 100's of cubic feet) 5.9 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: 0.353 hundreds of cubic feet in a cubic meter (from line above)
Your consumption of natural gas (in kWh - kilowatt hours) 0.19 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: Defra data
Your gas bill in France in € 0.884 0 kgs of CO2 (hors abonnement, à 0,402€/m3)
Your gas bill in the UK in £ (approx) 13.3 0 kgs of CO2

COAL HEATING
Remember that one big sack of coal usually weighs 50 kilograms
Kilograms of coal for house heating (average quality) 2.7 0 kgs of CO2
Kilograms of anthracite (high quality coal coal) 3.3 0 kgs of CO2
Kilograms of average quality coal used in the industry 2.5 3 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: Defra data
Kilograms of very low quality coal (lignite) 1 0 kgs of CO2
Note : wood used for heating is not to be taken in consideration as the CO2 it releases is only returning to the atmosphere from where it originally came from

OIL HEATING
Enter a number for only one of the following :
Your consumption of heating oil (in litres) 3.2 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: Defra data
Your consumption of heating oil (in US liquid gallons) 12.1 0 kgs of CO2
Your consumption of heating oil (in UK gallons) 14.6 0 kgs of CO2

ELECTRIC HEATING : leave all boxes above empty, as electric heating is included in your ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION below

EMISSIONS FROM ELECTRICITY CONSUMPTION

Enter the number of kWh consumed on the line(s) matching your situation

Conventional electricity consumption for the year (in kWh) 0 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: from statistical data for your country entered at the top of this page
Home-produced green (not fossile) electricity consumption for the year (in kWh) 0.015 0 kgs of CO2 Source of conversion factor: given for wind energy with full life-cycle analysis on http://en.wikiped
Make sure your home-produced green electricity (wind, solar or small hydro) or your green electricity provider does not burn any gas (even with cogeneration); if it does (or he does), replace the conversion factor by the adequate much highe

EMISSIONS FROM CAR & VEHICLE DRIVING

Enter your fuel consumption in either litres OR gallons (consumption per year)
Consumption of petrol (in litres) 2.3 0 kgs of CO2
Consumption of petrol (in US liquid gallons) 8.7 0 kgs of CO2 1 US liq gal = 3.79 litre
Consumption of petrol (in UK gallons) 10.5 0 kgs of CO2 1 UK gal = 4.55 litre
Consumption of diesel (in litres) 2.6 0 kgs of CO2
Consumption of diesel (in US liquid gallons) 9.9 0 kgs of CO2 1 US liq gal = 3.79 litre
Consumption of diesel (in UK gallons) 11.83 0 kgs of CO2 1 UK gal = 4.55 litre

OR
Enter your mileage (in miles OR kilometers per year) according to your car type :

Small petrol car up to 1.4 litre engine

Kilometers 0.16 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.26 0 kgs of CO2

Medium petrol car 1.4 to 2.1 litre engine

Kilometers 0.19 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.3 0 kgs of CO2

Large petrol car over 2.1 litre

Kilometers 0.22 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.35 0 kgs of CO2

Small diesel car up to 2.0 litre engine

Kilometers 0.16 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.26 0 kgs of CO2

Large diesel car over 2.0 litre engine

Kilometers 0.19 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.31 0 kgs of CO2

LPG car
Kilometers 0.17 0 kgs of CO2
Miles 0.28 0 kgs of CO2

EMISSIONS FROM PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION (bus, diesel train, etc)

Kilometers per year (bus, diesel train, fossile fuel driven public transportation) 0.05 0 kgs of CO2
Kilometers per year in metro, subway, tram or electric train 0 0 kgs of CO2
(If trains are in part diesel, in part electric in your country, apply a proportion)

EMISSIONS FROM PLANE FLIGHTS

Enter the flight distance for each flight (2 lines for a round trip, one each way) - Flight distances can be calculated from latitude and longitude
of departure and arrival cities on this web site : http://www.chooseclimate.org/flying/mapcalc.html Latitude and longitude of cities and airports
anywhere in the world can be found on this web site : latitude and longitude of departure and arrival cities on this web site :
http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0001769.html or http://www.infoplease.com/atlas/latitude-longitude.html
Do you want to include the GHG emissions of airplanes other than
CO2 ? (O3, NOx, water vapor and contrails, in kg of CO2 equivalent).
Yes=1 - No=0 1 GHG other than CO2 emitted by airplanes multiply the global warming effect of
(rough value per passenger: 0.5 kg of CO2/km or 0.82 kg of CO2/mile)
Kilometers for flight 1 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 Calculations from Chooseclimate.com :
Kilometers for flight 2 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 Fuel per passenger (Data for B-747
Kilometers for flight 3 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 Fuel in kg = [7840 + 10.1 * (distance in km-250)] (*2 if return)
Kilometers for flight 4 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0005524196 0 kgs of CO2 (7840 kg take off-climb-descent, 10.1 kg/km cruising)
Kilometers for flight 5 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 Passengers = 370 * [occupancy] - In this case we have opted for 75% occupanc
Kilometers for flight 6 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0005524196 0 kgs of CO2 Total warming effect of CO2, Ozone (made by NOx), water vapour and contrails
Kilometers for flight 7 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 is about 2.7 times greater than effect of CO2 alone.
Kilometers for flight 8 (leave -527 in the grey box if you haven't flown) -527 0.0004419357 0 kgs of CO2 (kg of CO2 = CO2 = kg of fuel * (44/12 * 156/184) [molecular masses])
CO2 Per kWh of Electricity

France 83
Sweden 87
Canada 220
Austria 250
Belgium 335
European Uni 353
Finland 399
Spain 408
Japan 483
Portugal 525
UK 580
Luxembourg 590
Germany 601
USA 613
Netherlands 652
Italy 667
Ireland 784
Greece 864
Denmark 881

Source: EFN, PriceWaterHouse, EDF, www.manicore.com 2001

Calorific Value and Carbon Emissions (Source: Carbon Trust)
Fuel Net Energy Gross Energy Carbon Emissions
(Approx.) By Weight By Volume

kg C02 /
UK Grid electricity kg C/kWh kWh (e)
As Delivered 0.117 0.430
kg C02 /
UK Electricity Fuel Input kWh (th)
Primary 0.045 0.166

kg C02 / kg C02 /
Solid fuels kWh / tonne kWh / tonne litres / tonne kWh/litre kg C/kWh kWh tonne
Coal (weight 7,046 7,417 — — 0.082 0.300 2,225
-
-

Coke 8,445 8,445 — — 0.101 0.373 3,150

kg C02 /
Liquid fuels kWh / tonne kWh / tonne litres / tonne kWh/litre kg C/kWh kWh kg C02 / litre
Ethane 13,367 14,071 2,730 5.2 0.055 0.200 1.04
Liquefied pe 13,035 13,721 1,850 7.4 0.057 0.214 1.58
-
-
Motor spirit / 12,433 13,087 1,362 9.6 0.066 0.240 2.30
Aviation turb 12,203 12,845 1,251 10.3 0.066 0.240 2.47
-
Gas/diesel oi 12,035 12,668 1,187 10.7 0.068 0.250 2.68
Power station 11,483 12,087 1,142 10.6 0.071 0.260 2.76
Fuel oil / He 11,483 12,087 1,031 11.7 0.071 0.260 3.04
Petroleum coke 0.093 0.340

Crude oil (w 12,048 12,682 1,192 10.6

Petroleum pr 12,113 12,751 — —

kg C02 /
Gaseous fue kWh/m3 kWh / tonne litres / tonne kWh/m3 kg C/kWh kWh kg C02 / m3
Natural gas 9.9 — — 11 0.052 0.190 2.09
Refinery gas 0.055 0.200
Coke oven g 4.5 — — 5
Landfill gas 5.3 - 6.4 — — 5.8-7.0*
Sewage gas 5.3 - 6.4 — — 5.8-7.0*
Blast furnace 0.7 — — 0.83

kg C02 / kg CO2 /
Solid renew kWh/tonne kWh / tonne litres / tonne kWh/m3 kg C/kWh kWh tonne
Domestic woo 1,389 2,778 — — 1,730.03
Industrial wo 2,777 3,306 — —
Tyres 8,890 — — 2,794.18
Municipal sol 1,847 2,639 — — 906.75
Refuse-deriv 3,597 5,139 — —
Straw 3,542 4,167 — —
Poultry litter 2,054 2,445 — —
General indus 4,223 4,445 — —
Hospital was 3,695 3,889 — —

To -> therms kWh Btu MJ toe kcal

From
therms 1 29.31 100,000 105.5 2.52E-03 2.50E+04
kWh 0.03412 1 3412 3.6 8.60E-05 859.7
Btu 1.00E-05 3E-04 1 1.06E-03 2.52E-08 0.252
MJ 9.48E-03 0.2778 947.8 1 2.39E-05 238.8
toe 396.8 11,630 3.97E+07 41,870 1 1.00E+07
kcal 4.00E-05 1E-03 3.968 4.18E-03 1.00E-07 1
Calculated Carbon Emissions / US Figures (Source: Department of Energy)
Fuel Carbon Emissions

Pounds
kg C02 / kg kg CO2 / kg CO2 / CO2 per
fuel Coal CL kwh / tonne kWh tonne short ton
2.23 Anthracite AC 5473 0.352 1,926 3,852
Bituminous BC 7760 0.318 2,466 4,931
SubbituminouSB 5644 0.329 1,858 3,716
Lignite LC 4187 0.333 1,396 2,792
3.15

Pounds
kg C02 / UK kg CO2 / kg CO2 / CO2 per US
gallon Petroleum Products kwh / litre kWh litre gallon
4.73 Propane PR 7.0 0.215 1.52 13
7.20 Liquified Pet LG 7.1 0.215 1.53 13

Aviation GasoAV 9.3 0.236 2.20 18

10.47 Motor Gasoli MG 9.7 0.242 2.34 20
11.24 Jet Fuel JF 10.5 0.242 2.53 21

12.16 Kerosene KS 10.5 0.247 2.58 22

12.53 Distillate Fue DF 10.7 0.250 2.68 22
13.83 Residual FuelRF 11.6 0.269 3.12 26
Petroleum CoPC 11.1 0.348 3.88 32

Natural Gas
and Other Pounds
kg C02 / Gaseous kg CO2 / kg CO2 / CO2 per
100f3 Fuels kwh / m3 kWh m3 1000 ft3
5.92 Natural Gas ( NG 11 0.181 1.93 121
Flare Gas FG 11 0.187 2.14 134
Methane ME 10 0.178 1.86 116
Landfill Gas LF 0.178

Pounds
kg CO2 / kg CO2 / CO2 per
kg CO2 / kg Renewable Sources kwh / tonne kWh tonne short ton
1.73 Wood and WoWW - 1,907 3,814

2.79 Tires/Tire-DerTF 10,500 0.293 3,080 6,160

0.91 Municipal Sol MS 3,232 0.309 999 1,999

1lb= 0.45 kg
1 short ton = 0.91 tonnes
1lb/short ton 0.50 kg/tonne

1lb= 0.45 kg
1 Million BTU 293 kWh
1 lb/Million 0.00 kg/kWh

1lb= 0.45 kg
1 US gallon = 3.79 litres
1lb/gallon = 0.12 kg/litre

1lb= 0.45 kg
1000 ft3 = 28.3 m3
1 lb/ 1000 ft3 0.02 kg / m3

1 imperial gal 4.5461 litres

1 US barrell = 158.99 Litres

1kWh= 31.0 ft3

100ft3= 2.8 m3
1kWh= 0.1 m3
1m3 35.31 ft3
missions

Pounds
CO2 per
Million Btu
227
205
213
215

Pounds
CO2 per
Million Btu
139
139

153
156
156

160
161
174
225

Pounds
CO2 per
Million Btu
117
121
115
115

Pounds
CO2 per
Million Btu

190
200
BUSINESS CO2 emissions CALCULATOR
Source: UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (Defra)

Instructions: Fill in yellow boxes below, making sure never to count the same item twice

SUMMARY TOTAL EMISSIONS

1: FUEL (excluding transp 0 kg CO2
2: CAR TRANSPORT 0 kg CO2
3: OTHER TRANSPORT 0 kg CO2
4: OTHER PROCESS EMI 0 kg CO2 equivalent
GRAND TOTAL 0 kg CO2 equivalent

FUEL (excluding transpor

Table 2: Converting fuel
Amount Total
used per kg CO2 per kg
Fuel Type year Units x unit CO2
Grid Electricity 1 kWh x 0.43 0
Natural Gas kWh x 0.19 0 1The factor for electricity has been cha
therms x 5.43 0 into line with calculations for the Clima
Gas Oil tonnes x 3190 0 requirements for Emissions Trading. It
kWh x 0.25 0 1998-2000. Actual figures may differ fr
litres x 2.69 0 comparisons we plan to use a constan
Diesel tonnes x 3164 0 year 2010.
kWh x 0.25 0 2 Average emission factor for coal use
litres x 2.63 0 domestic, i.e. industry sources includin
UK gallons x 11.72 0
Petrol tonnes x 3135 0 production, Lime production, Other ind
kWh x 0.24 0 combustion - railways and Agriculture.
litres x 2.3 0 coal used in specific industry applicatio
UK gallons x 10.25
Fuel Oil tonnes x 3223 0 3 A zero conversion factor can only be
kWh x 0.27 0 renewables source contract with an en
Coal 2 tonnes x 2548 0 Levy Exemption Certificates (LECs) fo
kWh x 0.32 0 electricity consumer.
LPG kWh x 0.214 0
therms x 6.27 0
litres x 1.49 0
Coking Coal tonnes x 2736 0
kWh x 0.331 0
Aviation Spirit tonnes x 3128 0
kWh x 0.24 0
litres x 2.24 0
Aviation Turbine Fuel tonnes x 3150 0
kWh x 0.25 0
litres x 2.52 0
Other Petroleum Gas tonnes x 2897 0
kWh x 0.21 0
Naphtha tonnes x 3131 0
kWh x 0.24 0
Lubricants tonnes x 3171 0
kWh x 0.25 0
Petroleum Coke tonnes x 3410 0
 kWh x 0.34 0
Refinery Miscellaneous kWh x 0.24 0
therms x 7.16 0
Renewables3 x 0 0
TOTAL 0

CAR TRANS FILL IN FUEL OR MILEAGE

Table 6: Standard road transport fuel conversion factor

Fuel used Total units us Units kg CO2 per unit Total kg CO2
Petrol litres x 2.3 0 Source: National Atmospheric Emissio
Diesel litres x 2.63 0 UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory for 200
Compressed Natural Gas kg x 2.65 0 Statistics DTI 2004 and carbon factors
Liquid Petroleum Gas litres x 1.49 0
TOTAL 0

Table 7: Passenger Road Transport Conversion Factors: Petrol

Size of car a Total units tra Units x kg CO2 per unit Total kg CO2
Small petrol car miles x 0.26 0 These factors are average values for t
Max 1.4 litre engine km x 0.16 0 the UK. Source: NAEI (Netcen, 2005)
Medium petrol car miles x 0.3 0 TRL as functions of average speed of
From 1.4 – 2.1 litres km x 0.19 0 testing cycles.
Large petrol car miles x 0.35 0
Above 2.1 litres km x 0.22 0
Average Petrol car miles x 0.29 0
km x 0.18 0
TOTAL 0

Table 8: Passenger Road Transport Conversion Factors: Diesel Cars

Size of Car a Total Units Tr Units x kg CO2 per unit Total kg CO2
Small diesel car miles x 0.26 0 These factors are average values for t
Max 2.0 litre or under km x 0.16 0 the UK. Source: NAEI (Netcen, 2005)
Large diesel car miles x 0.31 0 TRL as functions of average speed of
Over 2.0 litres km x 0.19 0 testing cycles.
Average diesel car miles x 0.27 0
km x 0.17 0
TOTAL 0

Table 10: Diesel Freight Road Mileage Conversion Factors

Type of lorry %weight lade Total km travelledLitres fuel per k FueTotal kg CO2
Rigid 0% x 0.236 x 3 0 The % weight laden refers to the exten
25% x 0.262 x 3 0 carrying capacity. So a 0% weight lade
50% x 0.288 x 3 0 100% weight laden means the vehicle
75% x 0.314 x 3 maximum carrying capacity. If the % w
100% x 0.34 x 3 0 should be used as a default figure. If th
Articulated 0% x 0.311 x 3 0 for the number of litres fuel per km can
25% x 0.345 x 3 0 For rigid lorries: litres fuel per km = 0.2
50% x 0.379 x 3 0 For articulated lorries: litres fuel per km
75% x 0.414 x 3 0 These factors refer to vehicles running
100% x 0.448 x 3 0 Source: Continuing Survey of Road Go
TOTAL 0 load correction factors taken from COP
OTHER TRANSPORT
Source: Netcen (2005)
Table 9: Rail and Air Passenger Transport The rail factor refers to an average em
Method of travel Person-kms tr x Conversion CO2 Total kg CO2 The factor for diesel trains has been ca
Rail x 0.04 0 The factor for electric trains has been
Air4 long haul x 0.11 0 The diesel/electric passenger train we
short haul x 0.15 0 Aircraft factors based on factors in IPC
TOTAL 0 Factors for a long haul flight refer to a
Factors for a short haul flight refer to a

Table 11: Other Freight M

Freight transport mode Tonne km x Factor Total kg CO2 Source: NETCEN, British Airways, DH
Rail x 0.03 0 These factors are being reviewed and
Air long haul x 0.57 0 3 revised figure in line with factors use
short haul x 1.58 0 4 Long haul - Asia, Australasia, the Am
Shipping5 small ro-ro x 0.06 0 5 Small ro-ro - 1,268 deadweight tonne
large ro-ro x 0.02 0 Large ro-ro - 4,478 deadweight tonnes
small tanker x 0.04 0 Small tanker - 844 deadweight tonnes
large tanker x 0.003 0 Large Tanker - 18,371deadweight tonn
small bulk carrier x 0.014 Small Bulk carrier - 1,720 deadweight
large bulk carrier x 0.007 0 Large Bulk carrier - 14,201 deadweigh
TOTAL 0

PROCESS EMISSIONS

Table 4: Process related

Process Emission
CO2 CH4 N2O PFC
SF6 HFC
Mineral Cement Produ y 4These process related emissions refe
Products Lime Product y in the UK. Process emissions might be
Limestone Us y countries.
Soda Ash Pro y 5For use of limestone in Flue Gas Des
Fletton Brick y y the glass industry. Not all uses of limes
Chemical Ammonia y y 6This is specific to Fletton brick manuf
Industry Nitric Acid y that uses clay with high organic conten
Adipic Acid y not release Greenhouse Gas emission
Urea y Source: Greenhouse Gas Inventory Re
Carbides y y National greenhouse Gas Inventories,
Caprolactam y
Petrochemicals y
Metal Iron, Steel an y y
production Aluminium y y
Magnesium y y
Other Metals y
Energy Coal mining y
Industry Solid fuel tra y
Oil productio y y
Gas productio y y
Venting and fl y y
Other Production of Halocarbons y y
Use of Halocarbons and SF6 y y y
Organic Was y y
Table 5: Factors for proc
Total
Amount kg
Emitted per CO2
Year in Conversion equival
Emission tonnes Factor ent
CO2 (excl fuel/transport) x 1,000 0 Source: The conversion factors in the
Methane x 21,000 0 (GWP) values published by the IPCC i
Nitrous Oxide x 310,000 0 1995. The Science of Climate Change
HFC – 125 x 2,800,000 0 Assessment Report of the Intergovern
HFC – 134 x 1,000,000 0 Houghton et al). Published for the Inte
HFC – 134a x 1,300,000 0 Cambridge University Press 1996). Re
HFC – 143 x 300,000 0 the IPCC in the Third Assessment Rep
HFC – 143a x 3,800,000 0 Reporting and Review, adopted before
HFC – 152a x 140,000 0 require emission estimates to be base
HFC – 227ea x 2,900,000 0 Report.
HFC – 23 x 11,700,000 0 Not all refrigerants in use are classified
HFC – 236fa x 6,300,000 0 Climate Change Programme (e.g. CFC
HFC – 245ca x 560,000 0 should be calculated on the basis of th
HFC – 32 x 650,000 0 R404a that comprises is 44% HFC125
HFC – 41 x 150,000 0 3800x0.52 + 1300x0.04 = 3260).
HFC – 43 – l0mee x 1,300,000 0
Perfluorobutane x 7,000,000 0
Perfluoromethane x 6,500,000 * 0
Perfluoropropane x 7,000,000 0
Perfluoropentane x 7,500,000 0
Perfluorocyclobutane x 8,700,000 0
Perfluoroethane x 9,200,000 0
Perfluorohexane x 7,400,000 0
SF6 x 23,900,000 0
TOTAL 0
 The factor for electricity has been changed slightly from the previous guidelines to come
nto line with calculations for the Climate Change Levy Agreements and future
equirements for Emissions Trading. It was calculated on the projected fuel mix for the grid
998-2000. Actual figures may differ from the projections, but to help with year on year
omparisons we plan to use a constant value for the purposes of these Guidelines until the
ear 2010.
Average emission factor for coal used in sources other than power stations and
omestic, i.e. industry sources including collieries, Iron & Steel, Autogeneration, Cement

roduction, Lime production, Other industry, Miscellaneous, Public Sector, Stationary

ombustion - railways and Agriculture. Users who wish to use coal factors for types of
oal used in specific industry applications should use the factors given in the UKETS.

A zero conversion factor can only be applied if your company has entered into a
enewables source contract with an energy supplier, that has acquired Climate Change
evy Exemption Certificates (LECs) for the electricity supplied to you as a non-domestic
lectricity consumer.
Source: National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory for 2003 developed by Netcen (2005).
UK Greenhouse Gas Inventory for 2003 developed by Netcen (2005), Digest of UK Energy
Statistics DTI 2004 and carbon factors for fuels from UKPIA (2004)

These factors are average values for the UK car fleet in 2003 travelling on average trips in
he UK. Source: NAEI (Netcen, 2005) based on data from DfT combined with factors from
TRL as functions of average speed of vehicle derived from test data under real world
esting cycles.

These factors are average values for the UK car fleet in 2003 travelling on average trips in
he UK. Source: NAEI (Netcen, 2005) based on data from DfT combined with factors from
TRL as functions of average speed of vehicle derived from test data under real world
esting cycles.

The % weight laden refers to the extent to which the vehicle is loaded to their maximum
arrying capacity. So a 0% weight laden means the vehicle is travelling carrying no loads.
00% weight laden means the vehicle is travelling with loads bringing the vehicle to its
maximum carrying capacity. If the % weight laden is unknown, an average figure of 50%
hould be used as a default figure. If the % weight laden is known, a more precise figure
or the number of litres fuel per km can be derived as follows:
For rigid lorries: litres fuel per km = 0.236 + 0.104 x (% weight laden)/100
For articulated lorries: litres fuel per km = 0.311 + 0.137 x (% weight laden)/100
These factors refer to vehicles running on diesel fuel.
Source: Continuing Survey of Road Goods Transport 2003; NAEI (Netcen, 2005) based on
oad correction factors taken from COPERT III.
Source: Netcen (2005)
The rail factor refers to an average emission per passenger kilometre for diesel and electric trains weighted by the proportion o
The factor for diesel trains has been calculated based on total diesel consumed by the railways in 2003 provided by ATOC.
The factor for electric trains has been calculated based on average kWh per kilometre for a typical electric train and the grid el
The diesel/electric passenger train weighting is based on data for 2003 from AEAT Rail.
Aircraft factors based on factors in IPCC Manual.
Factors for a long haul flight refer to a 5,000 km journey on a typical 450 seat capacity aircraft used for these journeys, with
Factors for a short haul flight refer to a 500 km journey on a typical 128 seat capacity aircraft used for these journeys, with a

Source: NETCEN, British Airways, DHL, Railtrack, English, Welsh and Scottish Railways LTD
These factors are being reviewed and are likely to change
revised figure in line with factors used in National Air Emissions Inventory
Long haul - Asia, Australasia, the Americas, Middle and Far East Short haul - average 500km
Small ro-ro - 1,268 deadweight tonnes, max speed 16.2 knots
arge ro-ro - 4,478 deadweight tonnes, max speed 23.2 knots
Small tanker - 844 deadweight tonnes, max speed 8.2 knots
arge Tanker - 18,371deadweight tonnes, max speed 15 knots
Small Bulk carrier - 1,720 deadweight tonnes, max speed 10.9 knots
arge Bulk carrier - 14,201 deadweight tonnes, max speed 11.2 knots

These process related emissions refer to the types of processes that are used specifically
n the UK. Process emissions might be slightly different for processes operated in other

For use of limestone in Flue Gas Desulphurisation (FGD) and processes such as those in
he glass industry. Not all uses of limestone release CO2.
This is specific to Fletton brick manufacture at the mineral processing stage, a process
hat uses clay with high organic content. Other types of brick manufacturing in the UK do
ot release Greenhouse Gas emissions during the processing stage
Source: Greenhouse Gas Inventory Reference Manual, Revised 1996 IPCC Guidelines for
National greenhouse Gas Inventories, (1997) IPCC, adapted for UK processes by Netcen.
Source: The conversion factors in the table above incorporate global warming potential
GWP) values published by the IPCC in its Second Assessment Report (Climate Change
995. The Science of Climate Change. Contribution of Working Group I to the Second
Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. (Eds. J.T
Houghton et al). Published for the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change by
Cambridge University Press 1996). Revised GWP values have since been published by
he IPCC in the Third Assessment Report (2001) but current UNFCCC Guidelines on
Reporting and Review, adopted before the publication of the Third Assessment Report,
equire emission estimates to be based on the GWPs in the IPCC Second Assessment

Not all refrigerants in use are classified as greenhouse gases for the purposes of the
Climate Change Programme (e.g. CFCs, HCFCs). GWP values for refrigerant HFC blends
hould be calculated on the basis of the percentage blend composition (e.g. the GWP for
R404a that comprises is 44% HFC125, 52% HFC143a and 4% HFC134a is 2800x0.44 +
800x0.52 + 1300x0.04 = 3260).