Work Breakdown Structure

(WBS)
 Types
• Three Types of WBS Structures
– Product
– Service
– Result / outcome
 Product Breakdown

• Decomposition of the Natural, Physical

Structure of the Deliverable
• The Deliverable is a Tangible Product
 SAMPLE WBS - GARAGE
Level 1 GARAGE
PROJECT

PERMITS/ GROUNDS GARAGE CONSTR. PROJECT

INSPECTIONS PLANS MGT

UTILITIES ASSEMBLY
FOUNDATION WALLS ROOF

DRY WALL/ DOORS/

DOORS/
FRAME ASSEMBLY Level 4
PANELING WINDOWS
WINDOWS
4
 Service Breakdown
• No Tangible Output Product
• Main Event or “Service”
• Decomposition Based on a Logical Grouping
(not Physical Structure)
• Often Developed Bottom-up
• Detailed Activities May be Checklists
• Lend Themselves to Templates
 Service Project Breakdown
International
Level 1 Conference
Project

Transport- Project
Attendees Facilities Program Displays
ation Management

Related
Level 3 Receptions Presentations Tours
Activities

Level 4 Papers Speakers Translators

 Results Project Breakdown
• Project Does not have a Well-Structured
Primary Product as a Deliverable
• May Have Several Products that Collectively
Achieve the Planned “Result”
 Results Project WBS

Level 1 HACCP
PROJECT

2. Product & 3. Hazard 4. Q.A. 5. HACCP 6. HACCP

1. Work Plan Process Analysis Process Plan Implement- 7. Project
Analyses Process ation Management

8
 Surgical Treatment
Project

1.0 Diagnosis 2.0 Plan for 3.0 Preoperative 4.0 Execution of 5.0 Postoperative 6.0 Long-Term
Operation Patient Care Operation Patient Care Patient Care

History Communications Among Verify Patient Can Handle Verify Patient Identity & Written Care Orders Follow-up Clinical Visits
Team Stress of Surgery Location of Surgery

Clinical Exam Patient & Team Stop Drugs that Would Anesthesia Briefing of Recovery Staff Physical Therapy
Positioning Interfere with Surgery by Surgeon
(for neurosurgery)

Imaging Acquisition of Needed Patient Under Vital Signs &

Instruments & Equipment the Knife Fluid-Loss Monitoring

Blood & Scheduling of Needed Vital Signs & Neurophysiological

Tissue Tests Specialists Fluid-Loss Monitoring Monitoring

Likely Diagnosis Practice Run-Throughs Neurophysiological

Monitoring
(during neurosurgery)

Risk Assessment Maintain Neat & Clean

Operative Field

Education of Patient Wrap-up: Verify

Small Part Count
(sponge, needle, cottonoid, Michel clips)

Alternative Analysis Operative Notes &

& Trade-Offs Chart Updates

Treatment Plan
 WBS is The Basis For......

• Cost estimates and budgets.

• Milestones & schedules.
• Responsibility assignment.
• Allocation of resources.
• Schedule horizontal and vertical traceability.
• Risk analysis.
• Concurrence of participants.
• Integrating the total project effort.
• Summarizing costs, schedules, performance.
• Forcing the Project Manager to think through all elements
of the project.
9/23/2013 9:51 AM P2 - 10 WBS Definition
 Tests for a Good WBS:

 Product-oriented hierarchy of goods and services.

 Top level may be dictated by contract.
 Basis for cost estimating, project organization, assigning responsibility,
task scheduling, and status reporting.
 Basis for understanding and communication.
 Each element should be “manageable”.
 Based on System Engineering: interfaces are minimized; units are
stand-alone testable.
 Eliminating one product element will delete the associated costs.
 Segregate recurring from non-recurring costs.
 Identifies and defines all effort to be expended: correlation of lower
levels to specification tree, contract line items, data items, and work
statement tasks.
 Useful! Reflects the way the work is managed and performed.
 Sufficiently low level to establish adequate visibility and confidence for
cost estimating, project planning, and project control.
 Technical/cost/schedule can be integrated at every level for each
element.
9/23/2013 9:51 AM P2 - 11 WBS Definition
 WBS - Methodology
• Top-Down
• Bottom- Up
• Analogy
• Mind Mapping
Identify????
 Project Documents
<<Name>>
Project

Problem Project
RAD SDD
Statement Agreement
- Write Introduction - Write Requirements - Write Introduction - Write Design Goals
- Write Requirements - Write Constraints - Describe Functional - Write Hardware
- Write Constraints - Write Acceptance Model Software mapping
- ... Criteria - Describe Object -Write boundary
- Promise delivery date Model conditions
- Describe Dynamic - Write Data
Model Management
... - Write Open Issues
...
 Software Process
<<Name>>
Project

Project
Planning Analysis
Initiation Design

- Establish guidelines - Determine WBS - Brainstorm on - Develop Models

- Formulate - Determine application domain - Write code
requirements with client dependencies between objects - Present problems to
- Establish scenarios tasks - Develop class coach
- Write project - Write SPMP diagram - Give status reports
agreement - Assign teams to - Partition objects into - Write RAD
subsystems boundary, entity and - Write SDD
- Establish project control objects - Write ODD
calendar - Develop use cases
Company Website Development
 Sofia Project

Management Systems Project Operations Science Mission Observatory Ground

Engineering Integration & and Logistics Support Assurance System Support
Test Planning System