A

Summer Internship Project

On
“A Study On Customer Expectation Toward Smart
CCTV Camera At Ahmedabad City"
For
Tracomo Automation and Camera System PVT.
LTD.
Submitted To:
S. K. School of Business Management,
Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan.
In the partial fulfillment of the
Requirement of the award for the Degree of
Master of Business Administration
Under the Guidance of:
Dr. N. H. Bhatt
Prof. & Head,
S. K. School of Business Management
Submitted By:
Nadim Saiyad
Exam Seat No. 14

(July-2019)
 PREFACE

Experience is the best teacher the saying has played a guiding role in the
preparation of the project report. As a part of the curriculum, after the
completion of the first year of MBA, the students are required to work in an
organization as a trainee and analyze its operations through research based
project. It allows students to have an exposure to the real business world.

Management learning remains incomplete without an experience of corporate

world. Thus, theoretical knowledge is not enough for management students;
practical study holds an important place. So, the objective behind preparing this
project report is to relate the management theories taught in the classroom to
their practical application.

In this project recruitment and selection is analyzed with the help of survey of
employees who work in organization. It is an image of deep practical studies to
whatever observed and analyzed in the organization.

My work in this project report is, therefore, a humble attempt. Best efforts have
been made to derive feasible conclusion towards the objectives of this project,
yet there could be some errors, I take the responsibility for such errors.

I
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The project title “Customer expectation toward smart cctv camera” being
carried out for Tracomo automation and camera system PVT. LTD.

As the world become less safe, business, institution with valuable assets needs
to take precautions to protect themselves and their property. In many instances,
CCTV system is the best answer to crime detection and prevention. CCTV
camera is springing up all over the place. One of the reasons for the increased
implementation of CCTV is its deterrent ability. It has been observed that over
two-third of burglars would probably or definitely not burgle premises that had
CCTV installed.

II
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Preparing a project of this nature is an important task and we are fortunate

enough to get support from a large numbers of persons to whom we shall
always remain grateful. I thankful to S. K. School of Business Management,
Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University, Patan for giving golden
opportunity to MBA students for summer internship project report.

I would like to gratitude of “Tracomo Automation & Camera System PVT.

LTD.” for allowing us to undertake this report. I take an opportunity to thanks
gave us an opportunity to work.

I am also desirous of placing on records profound indebtedness to Dr. Nishith

Bhatt, professor & Head, S. K. School of Business Management, H.N.G.U.,
Patan, for the valuable advice, guidance, precious time and support that he had
offered.

I would like to show my greatest admiration to “Tracomo Automation &

Camera System PVT. LTD.”, for allowing us to practice a project. I would
like to show a feel of gratitude towards. “Archit Somani (Director)” for
guiding me in throughout the project, I would like to thank other staff members
who rendered their help during the period of my project work.

III
 CANDIDATE’S STATEMENT

I Nadim Saiyad, hereby declare that the report for Summer

Internship Project entitled “A Syudy On Customer Expectation
Toward Smart CCTV Camera” is the outcome of original study
undertaken by me and it has not been submitted earlier to any other
University or Institution for the award of any Degree or Diploma.

Name Nadim Saiyad Signature of Student

Exam Seat No. 14

Date:
Place:

IV
 INSTITUTE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the contents of this report entitled “A Study

On Customer Expectation Toward Smart CCTV Camera” by
Nadim Saiyad submitted to S. K. School of Business Management
for the Award of Master of Business Administration (MBA
Semester -III) who carried out the research under my supervision. I
also certify further, that to the best of my knowledge the work
reported here in does not form part of any other project report or
dissertation on the basis of which a degree or award was conferred
on an earlier occasion on this or any other candidate.

Dr. N. H. Bhatt
Prof. & Head,
S. K. School of Business Management.
Hemchandracharya North Gujarat University,
Patan.

Date :
Place :

V
 TABLE OF CONTENT

Chapter PARTICULARS PAGE

No. No.
Preface I
Acknowledgement II
Executive Summary III
Student’s Declaration IV
Institute’s Certificate V
Company Certificate VI

1 Introduction About Company

1.1 Introduction about industry 1
1.2 Introduction about Company 2
1.3 Competitors 6
2 Introduction of “Customer Expectation”
2.1 Customers expectation 10
3 Literature Review 11

4 Research Methodology
4.1 Research Objective 24
4.2 Research Design 24
4.3 Data Collection 24
4.4 Sampling Method 25
4.5 Sampling Size 25

5 Data analysis & Interpretation

5.1 Gender frequency 27
5.2 Age frequency 28
5.3 Occupation frequency 29
5.4 Education frequency 30
5.5 Monthly Household Income 31
5.6 Is There CCTV Camera In Your Organization 32
5.7 Easy Is To Operate CCTV Camera 33
5.8 How reliable would you CCTV is? 34
5.9 Satisfied With CCTV Camera 35
5.10 False Alarms 36
5.11 Costly to install 37
5.12 Difficulty to install 38
5.13 Always need to be turned on and off 39
5.14 Fire alarm 40
5.15 Motion detection 41
5.16 Number plate recognition 42
5.17 Smoke detection 43

VI
 5.18 Helmet detection 44
5.19 Face detection 45
5.20 If A Security Product Needed To Collect 46
Anonymous Information In Order To Improve Its
Performance Would You Be Happy To Provide?
Are You Aware About chinese
6 Testing of Hypothesis
5.21 Occupation * Monthly Income Crosstabulatoin 47
5.22 Chi-Square Tests 49
5.23 ANOVA 50
7 Findings & Recommendation 51-53

8 Conclusion 55

Bibliography 57

Annexure

VII
Chapter -1: Introduction About
Company

1
1.1 Introduction of Industry
Closed Circuit Television (CCTV) is a system which uses cameras to transmit
signal to a specific place which helps to monitor any kind of activities going on
in any area. CCTV is a growing market as it is being widely used in many
applications all over the world. Technology is the main concern in the CCTV
camera market in India. IP (Internet Protocol) and non-IP CCTV cameras are
the two types of CCTV cameras that are traditionally used. Now based on the
different type of camera used, bifurcation is made like dome cameras, bullet
and box shaped cameras, PTZ cameras etc. CCTV cameras was primarily used
in the commercial segment for the surveillance, but with increasing thefts,
burglary and other criminal activities all over the world, residential sector is
also showing keen interest in the CCTV camera market for security purpose.
This report is about the market size of the CCTV camera market in India how
with the increasing number of terrorist activities, the demand of CCTV market
is continuously increasing. This report describes the different technologies that
are used in the CCTV market and the upcoming technologies that would drive
the market. The report also reveals the trend in this industry is shifting to
people becoming more conscious about the security and the increasing thefts
than being pessimist about the cost involved in buying the product

2
1.2 Introduction about Company

Tracomo Camera System is an International award winning Camera &

Automation product development company, with vision to spread across the
world.

Tracomo Camera & Automation system, is sister concern of Strawberry R&D

Labs, and is Pro-Active, Wireless, Ip based, Intelligent & Configurable Camera
& Automation System with Varied Applications. Tracomo is Plug & Play,
Wireless, Energy Efficient, Remotely Accessible, Battery Operated, Iot &
Automation Platform, which is Very Cost Efficient and Can be usedanywhere
and everywhere.
Tracomo has won 2 National (Awarded by Ex-Governors) & 1 International
Award (Awarded by Ex-Deputy-Prime Minister of Thailand), and has been
highly appreciated by clients for it’s crisp picture quality. We have also started
Good Traction, after taking 2.5 years On-field testing before formation of this
as a brand and customer response has been found very positive. International
distribution has started, and right now creating operations in major cities across
South-East Asia.

Who we are?
TraCoMo is Pro-Act ive, Wireless, IP based, Int elligent &
Configurable Camera & Upgradable Plat form For Automat io n
S yst em wit h Var ied Applicat ions

TraCoMo is Plug & Play, Wireless, Energy Efficient, Remotely Accessible,

Battery Operated, IoT & Automation Platform, which is Very Cost Efficient
and Can be used anywhere and everywhere.

3
 Why Tracomo?

High Power Saving Mode

Motion based recording (save space and hassle)

Cost Effective

Easy to relocate camera (plug and play)

Private unique IP based System(high privacy)

Works in very Low light

Easy Installation(Do it yourself easy)

How Tracomo Is Revolutionary product?

We Are World’s First Customizable Camera’s manufacturer. We Are India’s
First High Resolution Camera manufacturer With 5 Megapixel & 8 Megapixel
Variant. We Develope Smart Camera Which Are Powered By Advance
Artificially Intelligent Image Processing (Edge Based) Algorithms. Our
CameraConsumes Vary Low Power, Making It Work In Remote Location On
Battery Or Solar Power. Our Camera’s Are loT/Automation Upgradable.

Achievements

 Winner of International Award for "Fastest Growing Indian Company",

received on 24th June 2017 in Bangkok, Thailand by International Achievers
Foundation

4
 Govt. of Gujarat selected us in top Innovative Projects and funded the project
with 11 Lakh Rupees and in process for another 10 Lakh Rupees

 GCCI selected us in top 5 Innovative Projects of Gujarat

 Winner of National Award for “Business Leadership in Industrial

Development", awarded on 15th May 2017 in New Delhi by IEDRA

 Winner of National Award for “Indian Leadership Award for Industrial

Development", awarded in Nov 2016 in New Delhi by AIAF

 Highly appreciated by Dinesh Awasthiji, Partner in National Innovation

Foundation by Dr. Anil Gupta (IIM-A)

 Only Camera to Compete & Far better than with any Elite Product available as
they are Fixed & Non-Programmable

 Only camera found suitable after checking 63 camera products by GIFT City
Officials (Demo Successfully given through Third Party – Ex. ISRO)

 Selected by DIPP in Indian Contingent visiting World Economic Forum at

Tianjin China, in Sept 2018, in AI & IoT Space.

 Working closely with AMC for smart Traffic management, RLVD (Red Light
Violation Detection), etc.

Advantages Of Tracomo
1. Active Surveillance System – Intelligent
2. Private unique IP Based System – Security of Recorded Footage
3. Recording only when Motion Happens - Saves storage space upto 60%
4. Storage in file/folder format with Date and Time. Ease of review.
5. No centralized wiring required for CCTV set up across premises.
6. Easy to relocate camera location any time need arises.
7. Customer requirement based Intelligent Alarm/alerts Programmable

5
8. Upgradable for Controls Require in Home/Industrial/Traffic Automation
9. Power Consumption per Camera 0.12 units/day - So cost of power
consumption is Rs. 25/month/camera (maximum)
10. Distributed System with multiple processor (convenient in size) makes it
difficult to sabotage entire CCTV network.
11. Image processing based intelligence like fire detection programmable.
12. Digital Cameras upto 8 MP and lower with excellent clarity
13. Can be integrated with existing or new DVR CCTV system
14. Processor most reliable and made in UK. Supplier Warranties available.
15. Camera used are of companies like Omni vision used in iPhone, RedMI,
OnePlus smartphones Back Camera – Sensor Make Sony
16. Central storage can be remotely configured and stored in a secure location.
17. Data can be stored locally, or on cloud, or on existing computer - Cost Saving
Option
18. Live View on Mobile, Laptop, iPad, Desktop, Monitor - system functionality
can be checked remotely
19. No extra Monitor needs to be installed, as we can view from regular devices we
use - Cost Saving Option
20. Recordings can be downloaded anywhere, anytime
21. Motion detected by camera for upto distance of 110 to 150 meters.
22. Works in low to ultra low light - Digital Camera's Advantage
23. High Frame Per Second options Available - for Live HD like videos
(30/60/90/120 fps)
24. Hardware Imported from The United Kingdom & Taiwan and then
programming for intelligence done In-house

1.3 Competitors :

1 CP PLUS: CP PLUS is the global leader in advanced security &

surveillance solution. Driven by the vision and commitment to make

6
 surveillance simple and affordable, CP PLUS has embarked on a mission to
make the world a safe and secure place.
As per the IHS Survey 2017, CP PLUS stands as the youngest and
fastest brand to enter the club of Top 4 security companies in the
world and Top 2 in Asia. We attribute our path breaking success to our sound
R&D initiatives, a wide portfolio of product and solutions, sensitivity towards
our customers’ needs, and by delivering the best value propositions. CP PLUS
products pass stringent quality control tests and carry international
certifications such as UL, CE, FCC, etc.

2 Hikvision: Hikvision was founded in 2001 by Zhejiang HIK Information

Technology Co., Ltd. with the company having a 51% stake and Gong
Hongjia (Chinese: 龚虹嘉) a 49% stake. Hikvision made products for the video
surveillance market.[3] It devotes 8% of its annual revenue to research and
development with 26,330 employees, of which 13,085 are engineers by the
end of 2017.

Hikvision has been listed on the Shenzhen Stock Exchange since 2010. The
company provides surveillance products to the global market via more than
"2,400 partners in 155 countries and regions" and has its presence in 18
locations around the world.

3 Honeywell: Honeywell Security Group is a leading global provider of access

control, intruder detection, video surveillance and integrated security solutions
for the commercial and residential markets. We focus on delivering innovative
security products and services across Europe, the Middle East and Africa
(EMEA).

We provide:

 Sophisticated but cost-effective solutions – which are designed to deliver a

high return on investment

7
 Integrated and scalable technology – to protect your investments and keep them
protected as your requirements grow and evolve
 The highest levels of security – which can deter, detect and prevent threats and
translate into lower financial and operational risks

4 Dahua: Zhejiang Dahua Technology Co., Ltd. (Dahua Technology) is a

world-leading video-centric smart IoT solution and service provider. Based on
technological innovations, Dahua Technology offers end-to-end security
solutions, systems, and services to create values for city operations, corporate
management, and consumers.
With more than 16,000 employees and over 50% engaged in R&D, Dahua
solutions, products, and services are applied in over 180 countries and regions.
Since the launch of the industry’s first self-developed 8-channel embedded
DVR in 2002, Dahua Technology has devoted itself to technological
innovation and been continually increasing its investment in R&D, putting
around 10% of its annual sales revenue into R&D. The company continues to
explore emerging opportunities based on video IoT technologies and has
already established business in machine vision, video conferencing systems,
professional drones, electronic license plates, RFID, and robotics etc

8
Chapter 2: Introduction of Customers
Expectation

9
Customer expectations refers to the perceived value or benefits that the
customers seek when purchasing a good or availing a service. They are the
result of the ‘learning’ process and can be formed very quickly because even
first impressions matter a lot. Once established, these expectations can hold
significant influence in decision-making processes and can be very hard to
change.

For example, branded items are often associated with quality. Most customers
expect that well-known brands are higher quality and thus evaluate their
performance higher than that of an identical product from a little-known brand.
This is one of the reasons new brands find it difficult to make it to the
consideration set even when they have superior products than current brands.
Consider a situation where an Indian consumer is offered two choices for a
mobile phone- one from a well-known US brand and the other from a Chinese
brand. Even if all specifications are same, it’s more likely that the consumer
would opt for the former because he expects US brands to be more reliable.

Most successful companies seek to meet or rather exceed their customers’

expectations in every aspect right from product quality to service. Managing
and fulfilling customer expectations are of paramount importance for the
success of any brand/company. Customers often want more, better and faster!
Expectations from high-performing products are always rising.

By definition, customer expectations are any set of behaviors or actions that

individuals anticipate when interacting with a company. Historically,

customers have expected basics like quality service and fair pricing — but

modern customers have much higher expectations, such as proactive service,

personalized interactions, and connected experiences across channels.

To better understand how customers expectation are changing, salesforce
research surveyed over 6,700 consumers and business buyers globally. In this
10
research, “customers” is an aggregate of both consumer and business buyer
responses. These findings, published in the second edition of the “State of the
Connected Customer” report, give an in-depth look at:

The factores influencing customers expectation

Which emerging technologies are influencing the future of customers

experience

Why brand trust is increasingly important and how companies can foster it

For starters, the research found that 76% of customers now report that it’s
easier than ever to take their business elsewhere — switching from brand to
brand to find an experience that matches their expectations.

As disruptive companies leverage breakthroughs in cloud, mobile, social, and

artificial intelligence technology to deliver personalized, valuable, and
immediate experiences, customers have more choices than ever. As a result,
they grow to expect this superior experience from any business they engage
with.

11
Chapter 3: Literature Review

12
Boult et al., 1999: mentioned that video surveillance involves watching an
area for significant events. Perimeter security generally 7requires watching
areas that afford trespassers reasonable cover and concealment. By definition,
such “interesting” areas have limited visibility. Furthermore, targets of interest
generally attempt to conceal themselves within the cover sometimes adding
camouflage to further reduce their visibility. Such targets are only visible
“while in motion”. The combined result of limited visibility distance and target
visibility severely reduces the usefulness of any panning-based approach. As a
result, these situations call for a wide field of view, and are a natural
application for omni-directional VSAM (video surveillance and monitoring).
They described an omnidirectional tracking system. They discussed domain
application constraints and background on the paracamera. They used frame-
rate Lehigh Omnidirectional Tracking System (LOTS) and described some of
its unique features. In particular, the system's combined performance depends
on adaptive multi-background modeling and a quasi-connected-components
technique. These key components are described in some detail, while other
components are summarized.

Weiming et al., 2004: stated that visual surveillance in dynamic scenes,

especially for humans and vehicles, is currently one of the most active research
topics in computer vision. It has a wide spectrum of promising applications,
including access control in special areas, human identification at a distance,
crowd flux statistics and congestion analysis, detection of anomalous
behaviors, and interactive surveillance using multiple cameras. In general, the
processing framework of visual surveillance in dynamic scenes includes the
following stages: modeling of environments, detection of motion, classification
of moving objects, tracking, understanding and description of behaviors,
human identification, and fusion of data from multiple cameras. They review
recent developments and general strategies of all these stages. Finally, they
analyzed possible research directions like occlusion handling, a combination of

13
two and three-dimensional tracking, a combination of motion analysis and
biometrics, anomaly detection and behavior prediction, content-based

Hampapur et al., 2005: stated that situation awareness is the key to security.
Awareness requires information that spans multiple scales of space and time.
Smart video surveillance systems are capable of enhancing situational
awareness across multiple scales of space and time. However, the component
technologies are evolving in isolation. To provide comprehensive, nonintrusive
situation awareness, it is imperative to address the challenge of multiscale,
spatiotemporal tracking. They explore the concepts of multiscale
spatiotemporal tracking through the use of realtime video analysis, active
cameras, multiple object models, and long-term pattern analysis to provide
comprehensive situation awareness.

Valera and Velastin, 2005: surveyed the current state-of-the-art in the

development of automated visual surveillance systems so as to provide
researchers in the field with a summary of progress achieved to date and to
identify areas where further research is needed. The ability to recognize objects
and humans, to describe their actions and interactions from information
acquired by sensors is essential for automated visual surveillance. The
increasing need for intelligent visual surveillance in commercial, law
enforcement and military applications makes automated visual surveillance
systems one of the main current application domains in computer vision. The
emphasis of the review is on discussion of the creation of intelligent distributed
automated surveillance systems. The survey concludes with a discussion of
possible future directions.

Hsieh et al., 2006: presented an automatic traffic surveillance system to

estimate important traffic parameters from video sequences using only one
camera. Different from traditional methods that can classify vehicles to only
cars and non-cars, the proposed method has a good ability to categorize
vehicles into more specific classes by introducing a new "linearity" feature in
vehicle representation. In addition, the proposed system can well tackle the

14
problem of vehicle occlusions caused by shadows, which often lead to the
failure of further vehicle counting and classification. This problem is solved by
a line-based shadow algorithm that uses a set of lines to eliminate all unwanted
shadows. The used lines are devised from the information of lane-dividing
lines. Therefore, an automatic scheme to detect lane-dividing lines is also
proposed. The found lanedividing lines can also provide important information
for feature normalization, which can make the vehicle size more invariant, and
thus much enhance the accuracy of vehicle classification. Once all features are
extracted, an optimal classifier is then designed to robustly categorize vehicles
into different classes. When recognizing a vehicle, the designed classifier can
collect different evidences from its trajectories and the database to make an
optimal decision for vehicle classification. Since more evidences are used,
more robustness of classification can be achieved. Experimental results showed
that the proposed method is more robust, accurate, and powerful than other
traditional methods, which utilized only the vehicle size and a single frame for
vehicle classification.

Mohamed et al., 2006: stated that visual surveillance systems have gained a
lot of interest in the last few years. They presented a visualsurveillance system
that is based on the integration of motion detection and visual tracking to
achieve better performance. Motion detection is achieved using an algorithm
that combines temporal variance with background modeling methods. The
tracking algorithm combines motion and appearance information into an
appearance model and uses a particle filter framework for tracking the object in
subsequent frames. The systems was tested on a large ground-truthed data set
containing hundreds of color and FLIR image sequences. A performance
evaluation for the system was performed and the average evaluation results are
presented.

Lun et al., 2007: stated that classifying moving objects to semantically

meaningful categories is important for automatic visual surveillance. This is a
challenging problem due to the factors related to the limited object size, large

15
intra-class variations of objects in a same class owing to different viewing
angles and lighting, and real-time performance requirement in real-world
applications. They implement an appearancebased method to achieve real-time
and robust objects classification in diverse camera viewing angles. They
proposed the multi-block local binary pattern (MB-LBP) to capture the large-
scale structures in object appearances. Based on MB-LBP features, an
adaBoost algorithm is introduced to select a subset of discriminative features as
well as construct the strong two-class classifier. To deal with the non-metric
feature value of MB-LBP features, a multi-branch regression tree is developed
as the weak classifiers of the boosting. Finally, the error correcting output code
(ECOC) is introduced to achieve robust multi-class classification performance.
Experimental results showed that their approach can achieve real-time and
robust object classification in diverse scenes.

Fang et al., 2008: stated that in many image analysis and interpretation
applications, shadows interfere with fundamental tasks such as object
extraction and description. According to illumination, shadows interfere with
moving vehicle extraction and location and recognition. For this reason,
shadow segmentation is an important step in real-time vehicle recognition
system. They proposed a simple and effective method for detection of moving
cast shadows on a traffic surveillance scene. The proposed method exploits
spectral and geometrical properties of shadows and relationship between the
point in shadow region and space position and vehicle shape. Firstly, the cast
shadows can be rough detected by spectral properties, and then feature points
of occluding function are detected using wave transform, finally, the boundary
between self-shadow and cast shadow is detected. The proposed method does
not know in advance the light source direction and the color information of
vehicle and background texture information. The experimental results
demonstrate that the proposed cast shadows segmentation method can detect

16
the shadows regions accurately and completely. This is the foundation for
future vehicle recognition and understanding.

Hampapur et al., 2008: stated that smart surveillance, is the use of automatic
video analysis technologies in video surveillance applications. They answer a
number of questions about smart surveillance: What are the applications of
smart surveillance? What are the system architectures for smart surveillance?
What are the key technologies? What are the some of the key technical
challenges? and What are the implications of smart surveillance, both to
security and privacy?.

Hannah et al., 2008: stated that the problem of automated visual surveillance
has spawned a lively research area, with 2005 seeing three conferences or
workshops and special issues of two major journals devoted to the topic. These
alone are responsible for somewhere in the region of 240 papers and posters on
automated visual surveillance before they begin to count those presented in
more general fora. Many of these systems and algorithms perform one small
sub-part of the surveillance task, such as motion detection. But even with low
level image processing tasks it is often difficult to compare systems on the
basis of published results alone. They answer the difficult question “How close
are we to developing surveillance related systems which are really useful?” It
considers the question ofsurveillance in the real world: installations, systems
and practices. The work then considers existing computer vision techniques
with an emphasis on higher level processes such as behaviour modelling and
event detection. It concludes with a review of the evaluative mechanisms that
have grown from within the computer vision community in an attempt to
provide some form of robust evaluation and cross-system comparability.

Kiryati et al., 2008: mentioned that video surveillance systems produce huge
amounts of data for storage and display. Long-term human monitoring of the
acquired video is impractical and ineffective. Automatic abnormal motion
detection system which can effectively attract operator attention and trigger
recording is therefore the key to successful video surveillance in dynamic

17
scenes, such as airport terminals. It presented a solution for real-time abnormal
motion detection. The proposed method is well-suited for modern video-
surveillance architectures, where limited computing power is available near the
camera for compression and communication. The algorithm uses the macro
block motion vectors that are generated in any case as part of the video
compression process. Motion features are derived from the motion vectors. The
statistical distribution of these features during normal activity is estimated by
training. At the operational stage, improbable-motion feature values indicate
abnormal motion. Experimental results demonstrate reliable real-time
operation.

Kumar and Shovan, 2010: discussed a video surveillance scenario with real-
time moving object detection and tracking. The detection of moving object is
important in many tasks, such as video surveillance and moving object
tracking. The design of a video surveillance system is directed on automatic
identification of events of interest, especially on tracking and classification of
moving objects. Normally a video surveillance system combines three phases
of data processing: moving object extraction, moving object recognition and
tracking, and decisions about actions. The extraction of moving objects,
followed by object tracking and recognition, can often be defined in very
general terms. It reviews briefly research works on object detection and
tracking in videos. The definition and tasks of object detection and tracking
are first described, and the important applications are mentioned.

Ľuboš et al., 2010: reviewed of many existing video surveillance systems.

With the growing quantity of security video, it becomes vital that video
surveillance system be able to support security personnel in monitoring and
tracking activities. The aim of the surveillance applications is to detect, track
and classify targets.

Patrick et al., 2010: mentioned that the utilization of video surveillance

systems is becoming common and is expected to more widespread as societies
become more complex and the population continues to grow. The

18
implementation of these video surveillance systems has provided valuable
information and assistance in monitoring large areas. These systems typically
use human operators to determine human behavior and to manually track
people or objects of interest over an array of cameras. With the application of
computers with video surveillance, real time surveillance of large public areas,
people and their activities has been made possible for monitoring and security.
They showed the effect of color space on tracking methods in video
surveillance. Results from evaluations on different tracking methods have
indicated that YCbCr and HSV color spaces have better tracking ability
compared to grayscale and RGB color spaces. In addition, the results from
evaluations have also indicated that data from selected layers in some color
spaces can be used for the purpose of tracking namely the Cb and Cr layers
from the YCbCr color space and the H layer from the HSV color space.

Haowei Liu et al., 2010: mentioned that surveillance videos are often
compressed for transmission or storage. It is desirable to be able to perform
automatic event detection in the compressed domain directly. They
investigated the use of motion trajectories for video activity detection in the
compressed domain. They showed that it is possible to extract reliable motion
trajectories directly from compressed H.264 video streams. To overcome the
problems caused by unreliable motion vectors, they proposed to include the
information from the compressed domain prediction residuals to make the
tracking more robust. They showed a real world application based on the
classification of the motion trajectories to detect vacant or occupied parking
spaces.

Brajesh and Neelam, 2012: Discussed various algorithms related to frame

based motion detection in surveillance system. The action of sensing a physical
movement in the video sequence area is called motion detection. It can be
achieved by mechanical form or electronics form. In mechanical form of
motion detection, a tripwire is used. This is a simple form of motion detection.
If a moving object steps into the tripwire’s field of view (i.e. trips the wire),

19
then a simple sound device (bells) may alert the user. While in electronic form
of motion detection, motion detection have sensors which detect the movement
of an object and according to that it sends signals to sound device which
produce an alarm or switch on to the image recording device. In this method,
three stages for video frame extraction are followed: Tracking step, Detection
step and Validation step. In tracking step, the objects which have been
previously identified are tracked to find their position and shape within the
current video frame. Same time motion of these objects is estimated. In
detection step, the new moving objects are detected and their shape as well as
motion is estimated. This step also consists creation of new hypotheses
regarding new moving objects. In final step i.e. validation step, if any of the
hypotheses are valid, then new moving object is identified at this frame and
this will now be tracked through subsequent frames.

Garima Sharma, 2012: mentioned that video surveillance is gaining its

important in almost every field of day to day life. Surveillance is being done
not only in military areas or airports but also in offices, schools, shopping
areas, old age home and many more areas. The primary purpose is to provide a
general review on the overall process of a surveillance system used in the
present time. The processing framework of the video surveillance system
includes the following stages: moving object detection, object segmentation,
representation, and classification, tracking of objects, activity recognition and
prediction.

Juhyun et al., 2012: proposed a mechanism to resolve the object tracking

problem on the video security surveillance system. The method of location
calculation is based on the Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) method which is
considered the three-dimensional space to improve degree of accuracy of
location information. The suggested mechanism can make intelligent tracking
and recording for interesting objects so that make the amount of valid video
high and improve video’s quality.

20
Kinjal and Darshak, 2012: presented a survey of various techniques related to
video surveillance system improving the security. They reviewed of various
moving object detection and object tracking methods. They focussed on
detection of moving objects in video surveillance system then tracking the
detected objects in the scene. Moving object detection is first low level
important task for any video surveillance application. Detection of moving
object is a challenging task. Tracking is required in higher level applications
that require the location and shape of object in every frame. They described
Background subtraction with alpha, statistical method, Eigen background
Subtraction and Temporal frame differencing to detect moving object.

Mamatha et al., 2012: stated that automating the processing of streaming

video systems and fast motion detection is an important scientific and
engineering challenge in the extraction of information regarding moving
objects and makes use of stabilization in functional areas, such as tracking,
classification, recognition. They proposed fast motion detection for the CCTV
video surveillance system. This achieves complete detection of moving objects
by using three significant proposed modules: a Background subtraction (BS)
module, and object detection and tracking (ODT) module. For the proposed BS
module they use Memory Gradient (MG) Based Background Subtraction to
adapt slowly to the changes occurring to the background and produce optimum
background pixels for the background model. (ODT) module gives the
foreground object along with all the errors induced to illumination, reflection
and all the other factors. The detection results produced by this method were
both qualitatively analyzed through visual inspection and for accuracy. The
analyses showed that this method has a substantially higher degree of
efficiency.

21
`Chapter-4: Research Methodology

22
A study on Customer Expectation Towards Smart CCTV Camera.

4.1 OBJECTIVE OF STUDY

Direct Sales Of Security Product.

To Find Out The Market Penetration Of Security System.

To Evaluate The Business Potential Of Security System In Global Market.

4.2 HYPOTHESIS

H0: There is no significance difference between Occupation and Monthly

Income study on customer expectation toward smart cctv camera.

H1: There is significance difference between Occupation and Monthly Income

study on customer expectation towards smart cctv camera.

4.3 RESEARCH DESIGN

I prefered 120 respondents as sample size in Ahmedabad

4.4 DATA COLLECTION

Source of data is classified in to two categories:

1. Primary data
2. Secondary data
PRIMARY DATA

Primary data do not exist in records and publication. The researcher has to
gather primary data a fresh for the specific study under taken by him. Market

23
 researchers are interested in primary data about demographic/ socio economic
characteristics, attitude / opinions / interests, motivation and behavior. Three
basic means of primary data:

1. Observation
2. Survey
3. Experiment
SECONDARY DATA

The data referred to those, which gathered for some other purpose and are
already available in the firm initial records and commercial, trade or
government publications are secondary data. Sources of secondary data:

1. Published of secondary data.

2. Government publication.
3. Specialized libraries
4. General library research sources
4.5 SAMPLE FRAME Ahmedabad city is selected as a sample frame.

4.6 SAMPLE SIZE I used 120 respondents for my research report.

4.7 SAMPLING METHODS of this particular research Is non-probability

judgmental sampling.

4.8 DATA COLLECTION TOOLS/TECHNIQUES

Questionnaire

4.9 DATA ANALYSIS TOOL

Collected data would be analysis by pie-chart, column chart, and bar chart with
frequency distribution, cross tabulation, chi-square test and ANOVA test.

24
Chapter- 5 Data Analysis

25
Q (3) Gender Frequency Distribution
Table 5.1 Gender Frequency
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumul
ative
Percen
t
Valid 1=Male 120 100.0 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.1 Gender Frequency 1

Interpretation:

The above graph and table shown that in the research project the
male are (120) respondenets are dominant one i.e 100%.

26
 Q (4) Age frequency distribution

Table 5.2 Age Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
2=21-30Years 36 30.0 30.0 30.0
3=31-40Years 69 57.5 57.5 87.5
Valid 4=41-50Year 7 5.8 5.8 93.3
5=51-60Years 8 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.2 Age Frequency

Interpretation:
The above graph and table shown that in this research project, the
(69) respondents in between 31-40 ages are more use cctv camera
i.e 57.5%. 7 respondents in between 41-50 ages are use camera i.e
5.8%.

27
Q (5) Occupatoin Frequency Distribution

Table 5.3 Occupation Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Service 18 15.0 15.0 15.0
Valid 2=Business 102 85.0 85.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.3 Occupation Frequency 1

Interpretation:

From the above table and histogram image, who use CCTV camera
are 102 respondents in business profession, which is 85%. While
18 respondents in service which is 15%.

28
 Q (6) Education Frequency Distributon

Table 5.4 Education Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Up to HSC 43 35.8 35.8 35.8
2=Diploma 13 10.8 10.8 46.7
Valid 3=Graduate 56 46.7 46.7 93.3
4=Post Graduate 8 6.7 6.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.4 Education Frequency

Interpretation:

From the above table and graph, we came to know that 56

respondents who use CCTV camera is Graduate which is 46.7%. 8
respondents in post graduate educational qualification which is
6.7%.

29
Q (7) Monthly Household Income Frequency Distribution

Table 5.5 Income Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
2=20,001-40,000 30 25.0 25.0 25.0
3=40,001-60,000 67 55.8 55.8 80.8
Valid 4=60,001-80,000 10 8.3 8.3 89.2
5=80,001 & above 13 10.8 10.8 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.5 Household Income

Interpretation:
From the above table and graph, 67 respondents have family
monthly household income fall in up to 40,001`-60,000 i.e. 55.8%.
10 respondents have family household income fall in up to 60,001-
80,000 on only 8.3%.

30
 Q (8) Is There CCTV Camera In Your Organization

Table 5.6 CCTV Camera in organization

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
Valid 1=Yes 120 100.0 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.6 CCTV camera in organization

Interpretation:
The above graph and table that in this research project 100% of
people are using CCTV camera.

31
 Q (9) Easy Is To Operate CCTV Camera

Table 5.7 Easy To Operate Camera

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Easy 34 28.3 28.3 28.3
Valid 2=Difficult 86 71.7 71.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.7 Easy To Operate

Interpretation:

From the above table and graph it is depicted that 86 respondents

feel difficult while they operate CCTV i.e. 71.7%. the 34
respondents feel easy while they operate CCTV camera i.e. 28.3%.

32
Q (10) How Reliable Would You Say CCTV Is?

Table 5.8 Reliable CCTV Camera

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Very Good 22 18.3 18.3 18.3
2=Good 18 15.0 15.0 33.3
Valid 3=Average 77 64.2 64.2 97.5
4=Poor 3 2.5 2.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.8 Reliable CCTV Camera

Interpretation:

From the above table and graph shown that 77 respondents are
give average which is i.e. 64.2%. and 3 respondents are give poor
which is i.e. 2.5%.

33
Q (11) Satisfied With CCTV Camera

Table 5.9 Satisfied With Camera

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 46 38.3 38.3 38.3
Valid 2=No 74 61.7 61.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.9 Satisfied WIth Camera

Interpretation:

From the above geraph and table shown that 74 respondents are
not satisfied with thir CCTV camera i.e.61.7%. 46 respondents are
satisfied with CCTV camera which is 38.3%.

34
Q (12) How is your camera inconvenience to you?

False Alarms Frequency Distribution

Table 5.10 False Alarms Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 68 56.7 56.7 56.7
Valid 2=No 52 43.3 43.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.10 False Alarms

Interpretation:

The above table and graph shows that, the 68 respondents are
unhappy with fals alarms which is 56.7%. And 52 respondents are
happy with alarms which is 43.3%.

35
Costly To Install Frequency DIstribution

Table 5.11 Costly To Install

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 27 22.5 22.5 22.5
Valid 2=No 93 77.5 77.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.11 Costly To Install

Interpretation:

The above table and graph shows that 27 respondents are unhappy
with Costly installation which is 22.5%. 93 respondents are happy
with intallation cost which is 77.5%.

36
Difficulty To Install Frequency Distribution
Table 5.12 Difficulty To Install Frequency
Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 58 48.3 48.3 48.3
Valid 2=No 62 51.7 51.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.12 Difficulty To Install

Interpretation:

The table and graph shows that 58 respondents are facing this
problem which is i.e. 48.3% and 62 respondents are happy with
their camera system which is i.e. 51.7%.

37
Always Need To Be Turned On And Off

Table 5.13 Need To Be Turned On And Off

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 53 44.2 44.2 44.2
Valid 2=No 67 55.8 55.8 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.13 Need To Be Turned of and off

Interpretation:

The above table and graph shows that 53 respondents are their
camera always need to be CCTV camera turned on and off which
is i.e.44.2%. and 67 respondents are not facing this problem which
is i.e.55.8%.

38
Q (13) Are you ready to upgrade your system to smart system?

Fire Alarm Frequency Distribution

Table 5.14 Fire Alarm Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 66 55.0 55.0 55.0
Valid 2=No 54 45.0 45.0 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.14 Fire Alarms

Interpretation:

The above table and graph shows that 66 respondents wants to add
fire alarm feature in their CCTV camera which is 55%. 54
respondents are not interest in fire alarm which is 45%.

39
Motion Detection Frequency Distribution

Table 5.15 Motion Detection

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 89 74.2 74.2 74.2
Valid 2=No 31 25.8 25.8 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.15 Motion Detection

Interpretation:

The above table and graph shows that 89 respondent wants to use
motion detection in their CCTV camera which is 74.2%. and 31
respondents are not interest for this feature which is 25.8%.

40
Number Plate Recognition

Table 5.16 Number Plate Recognition

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 16 13.3 13.3 13.3
Valid 2=No 104 86.7 86.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.16 NumberPlate Recognition

Interpretation:

The above graph and table shows that 16 respondent are interest in
number plate recognition feature which is 13.3%. and 104
respondents are unwilling to install this feature which is 86.7%.

41
Smoke Detection Frequency Distribution

Table 5.17 Smoke Detection Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 10 8.3 8.3 8.3
Valid 2=No 110 91.7 91.7 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.17 Smoke Detection

Interpretation:
The above table and graph shows that only 10 respondents are
willing to add this feature which is i.e. 8.3%. and 110 respondents
are unwilling to install this feature in their CCTV camera which is
i.e. 91.7%.

42
Helmet Detection Frequncy Distribution

Table 5.18 Helmet Detection Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 3 2.5 2.5 2.5
Valid 2=No 117 97.5 97.5 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.18 Helmet Detection

Interpretation:

The above graph and table shows that 3 respondents are want to
upgrade this feature in their camera which is i.e. 2.5%. and 117
respondents are not interest to upgrade this feature which is i.e.
97.5%.

43
Face Detection Frequency Distribution

Table 5.19 Face Detection Frequency

Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative
Percent
1=Yes 68 56.7 56.7 56.7
Valid 2=No 52 43.3 43.3 100.0
Total 120 100.0 100.0

Figure 5.19 Face Detection

Interpretation:

The above graph and table shows that 68 respondents are wants to
upgrade this smart feature in their CCTV camera which is i.e.
56.7%. and 52 respondents are not interest to upgrade this feature
in their camera which is i.e.43.3%.

44
Q (14) If A Security Product Needed To Collect Anonymous
Information In Order To Improve Its Performance Would You
Be Happy To Provide? Are You Aware About chinese
C
a
m
e
r Table 5.20 Chinese Company Stealing Information
a Frequency Percent Valid Percent Cumulative Percent
’
s 1=Yes 8 6.7 6.7 6.7
Valid 2=No 112 93.3 93.3 100.0
S Total 120 100.0 100.0
t
ealing Information?

Figure 5.20 Stealing Information

Interpretation:
The above graph and table shows that only 8 respondets are know
about this information which is i.e. 6.7%. and 112 respondents are
they don’t know about this information which is i.e.93.3&.

45
 Table 5.21 Occupation * Monthly Income Crosstabulatoin

Occupation * Monthly Household Income Crosstabulation

Monthly Household Income

2=20,001- 3=40,001- 4=60,001- 5=80,001

40,000 60,000 80,000 & above Total
Occupation 1=Service Count 14 4 0 0 18

% within 77.8% 22.2% 0.0% 0.0% 100.0%

Occupation

% within 46.7% 6.0% 0.0% 0.0% 15.0%

Monthly
Household
Income
% of Total 11.7% 3.3% 0.0% 0.0% 15.0%
2=Business Count 16 63 10 13 102
% within 15.7% 61.8% 9.8% 12.7% 100.0%
Occupation
% within 53.3% 94.0% 100.0% 100.0% 85.0%
Monthly
Household
Income
% of Total 13.3% 52.5% 8.3% 10.8% 85.0%
Total Count 30 67 10 13 120

% within 25.0% 55.8% 8.3% 10.8% 100.0%

Occupation

% within 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Monthly
Household
Income
% of Total 25.0% 55.8% 8.3% 10.8% 100.0%

46
Interpretation:

Here, these table shows that the 11.7% respondents are have 20,001-40,000
Monthly Income, and here two groups are have 0.0% 60,001-80,000 and
80,001 & above Monthly Income. And 3.3% respondents are 40,001-60,000
Monthly Income. And that the 52.5% respondents are have 40,001-60,000
Monthly Income in Business. And 8.3% respondents are have 60,001-80,000
Monthly Income in Business. And 13.3% respondents are have 20,001-40,000
Monthly Income in Business. So here total 25.0% respondents are have 20,001-
40,000 Monthly Income and 55.8% respondents are have 40,001-60,000
Monthly Income and 8.3% respondents are have 60,001-80,000 Monthly
Income and 10.8% respondents are have 80,001 & above Monthly Income.

47
 Table 5.22 Chi-Square Tests

Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-
sided)
a
Pearson Chi-Square 31.938 3 .000
Likelihood Ratio 29.691 3 .000
Linear-by-Linear
18.830 1 .000
Association
N of Valid Cases 120
a. 3 cells (37.5%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum
expected count is 1.50.

Interpretation:

The above table shows that P value (.000) is less than 0.05. so there is
significance difference between Occupation and Monthly Household Income.

Ho: There is a no significance difference in customer expectation towards

smart CCTV camera as per their Occupation and Monthly Income.

H1: There is a significance difference in customer expectation towards smart

CCTV camera as per their Occupation and Monthly Income.

48
 Table 5.23 ANOVA

ANOVA
Occupation
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between
4.072 3 1.357 14.024 .000
Groups
Within
11.228 116 .097
Groups
Total 15.300 119

Interpretation:

The above ANOVA table shows that P value (.000) is also less than table value
0.05 so there is significance difference between Occupation & Monthly
Income.

Ho: There is a no significance difference between customer expectation to

Occupation & Monthly Income.

H1: There is a significance difference between customer expectation to

Onccupation & Monthly Income.

49
Chapter – 6 Findings & Recommendation

50
 Findings:

 Mostly 31-40 years age group are more install CCTV camera.
 40,001-60,000 monthly income people are more installing CCTV camera.
 According to survey 74 people are not satisfied with their CCTV camera
because they have 1st generation (DVR) CCTV camera.
 86 out of 120 peoples are told to their CCTV camera difficult to operate.
 68 out of 120 people are frustrated with false alarms.
 89 out of 120 people are wanted to upgrade motion detection feature in their
CCTV camera.
 Some customers are giving more importance to the brand image.

51
 Recommendation:

 Tracomo company should reduce price to survive

competition.
 Tracomo company should customize CCTV camera as per
customers need.
 Tracomo company advertizes in order to let more and more
people to know about Smart CCTV camera and increase its
selling.
 Tracomo company should focusing on industrial area.
 After sales service should be improved by highly skilled
service technician at time.
 The direct selling is very much appreciated by the owner of
tracomo, so this is the best method to sell the products.

52
Chapter – 7 Conclution

53
The extent of the survey was conducted in ahmedabad city. The random sample
method was done with 120 respondents it had observed that most of age group
between 31-40 install more CCTV camera. Camera is mostly install by the
Industrial Business. It has been many respondents are said they like smart and
wireless CCTV camera.

This project was carried out to study the customer satisfaction to tracomo
product and services and also to find the customers ‘expectation and need of
the product. This also enables to understand the dealer and customer
relationship. During this research various types of customers were met.

54
Bibilography

55
http://tracomo.com/

https://www.slideshare.net/

https://web.wpi.edu/Pubs/E-project

https://www.nap.edu/read/23554

https://en.wikipedia.org/

https://www.owler.com/company

https://www.researchgate.net/publication

https://www.electronicsb2b.com

56
 ANNEXURE

(1) Name : ______________________________________________

(2) City or village :_______________________________________

(3) Gender: (1) Male ( ) (2) Female ( )

(4) Age : (1) 10-20years ( ) (2) 21-30years ( )

(3) 31-40years ( ) (4) 41-50years ( )
(5) 51-60years ( )

(5) Occupation: (1) Service ( ) (2) Business ( )

(3) Own profession ( ) (4) Retired ( )
(5) Housewife ( )
(6) Any other _______________________

(6) Education: (1) Up to HSC ( ) (2) Diploma ( )

(3) Graduate ( ) (4) Post Graduate ( )
(5) Professional Qualification (if any specify)
_________________________________________________________
(7) Monthly Household income:
(1) Up to 20,000 ( ) (2) Rs. 20,001-40,000 ( )
(3) Rs. 40,001-60,000 ( ) (4) Rs. 60,001-80,000 ( )
(5) Rs. 80,001 & above ( )

57
(8) Is There A CCTV Camera In Your Organization?

Yes ( )

No ( )

(9) How Much Easy Is To Operate Your CCTV Camera?

Easy ( ) Difficult ( )

(10) How Reliable Would You Say CCTV Is?

(1) Very Good ( ) (2) Good ( )

(3) Average ( ) (4) Poor ( )

(11) Are You Satisfied With Your CCTV Camera

Yes ( ) No ( )

(12) How Is Your CCTV Camera Inconvenience To You?

(1) False Alarms ( ) (2) Costly To Install ( )

(3) Difficult To Install ( ) (4) Always Needs To Be Turned On And Off ( )

(13) Are you ready to upgrade your system to smart system?

(1) Fire Alarm ( ) (2) Motion Detection ( )

(3) Number plate recognition ( ) (4) Smoke Detection ( )

(5) Helmet detection ( ) (6) Face Detection ( )

(14) If A Security Product Needed To Collect Anonymous Information In Order To Improve

Its Performance Would You Be Happy To Provide? Are You Aware About Chinese Camera’s
Stealing Information?

Yes ( )

No ( )

58