DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

INDIAN INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (ISM) DHANBAD

Subject: Fluid Mechanics (MCC 14101)

Session: 2019-2020
Class: B. Tech. IVth Sem (Mechanical)

Tutorial Sheet : Module 1 (Fluid and their Properties)

1. A cylinder of 0.12m radius rotates concentrically inside a fixed hollow cylinder of 0.13m radius. Both the
cylinder are 0.3m long. Determine the viscosity of the liquid which fills the space between the cylinders if
a torque of 0.88 Nm is required to maintain an angular velocity of 2 rad/s. (Ans- 0.430 Pa s)

2. A body weighing 1000N slides down at a uniform speed 1m/s along a lubricated inclined plane making a
30° angle with the horizontal. The viscosity of lubricant is 0.1kg/ms and contact area of the body is
0.25m2. Determine the lubricant thickness assuming linear velocity distribution. (Ans- 0.05mm)

3. A circular disc of diameter d is slowly rotated in liquid viscosity µ at small distance h from fixed flat
surface. Find the torque required to maintain an angular velocity ω. (Ans- µωd4)/(32h))

4. Oil fills the 1.5 mm gap between two concentric Fig. 1

cups having flat bottoms as shown in figure 1. The
inner cup rotates at 50 RPM while the outer one is
stationary. The torque required to rotate the inner
cup is 6 × 10-4 Nm. Assuming the velocity variation
to be linear with z at the base, and linear with r at
the sides, compute the viscosity of oil. Neglect end
effects. (Ans = 1.945×10-3 Pa s)

5. Consider a fluid between a cone and a plate as

shown in figure 2. The cone is rotated at an angular
velocity ω. If the θ-velocity is assumed to vary
linearly with z, obtain the following expression for
the torque required to hold the plate stationary:

2πμωR3
Torque = . Assume the only non-zero
3 tan 
velocity component to be Vθ . Fig. 2

1
6. An aluminum cylinder weighing 30 N, 6 cm in diameter and 40 cm long, is falling concentrically through a
long vertical sleeve of diameter 6.04 cm. The clearance is filled with SAE 50 oil at 20°C. Estimate the
terminal (zero acceleration) fall velocity. Neglect air drag and assume a linear velocity distribution in the
oil. Hint: You are given diameters, not radii.

7. A thin plate is separated from two fixed plates by

very viscous liquids µ1 and µ2, respectively, as in
figure 3. The plate spacingsh1 and h2 are unequal,
as shown. The contact area is A between the
center plate and each fluid. (a) Assuming a linear
velocity distribution in each fluid, derive the force
F required to pull the plate at velocity V. (b) Is
there a necessary relation between the two
Fig. 3
viscosities, µ1 and µ2? (Ans - F=(µ1/h1+µ2/h2)AV)

8. A solid cone of angle 2θ, base r0, and density ρc is Fig. 4

rotating with initial angular velocity ω0 inside a
conical seat, as shown in figure 4. The clearance h
is filled with oil of viscosity µ. Neglecting air drag,
derive an analytical expression for the cone’s
angular velocity ω(t) if there is no applied torque.

(Ans:

9. A disk of radius R rotates at an angular velocity Ω inside a disk-shaped container filled with oil of viscosity
µ, as shown in figure 5. Assuming a linear velocity profile and neglecting shear stress on the outer disk
edges, derive a formula for the viscous torque on the disk. (Ans -M =πµΩR4/h)

Fig. 5
2
10. The velocity distribution over a flat plate given by u=3/4 y- y . Shear stress at a location 0.3 m above the
plate is k times the shear stress at location 0.2m above the plate. Determine the value of k.(Ans- 0.428)

2
 3 -9 2
11. A reservoir of capacity 0.01m is completely filled with a fluid of compressibility 0.75×10 m /N. Then
determine the amount of fluid that spill over if pressure in reservoir is reduced by 2×107 N/m2.(Ans -
1.5×10-4m3)

12. A spherical water drop of 1mm in diameter splits up into 64 smaller drops of equal size. Find the work
required in splitting up the drop. The surface tension coefficient of water in air =0.073N/m. (Ans-
0.69×10-6J)
3
13. Glycerin has a surface tension of 0.063N/m and a density of 1261 kg/m . In order to have a meniscus of
less than 0.1mm in a perfectly round tube, what should the diameter of the tube? (Assuming θ= 0) (Ans-
0.2m)

14. The system in figure 6 is used to calculate the pressure p1 in the tank by measuring the 15-cm height of
liquid in the 1-mm-diameter tube. The fluid is at 60°C. Calculate the true fluid height in the tube and the
percentage error due to capillarity if the fluid is (a) water or (b) mercury. (Ans: (a) +22%, (b) -6%)

Fig. 6

15. A solid cylindrical needle of diameter d, length L, and density ρn may float in liquid of surface tension Y.
Neglect buoyancy and assume a contact angle of 0°. Derive a formula for the maximum diameter dmax
able to float in the liquid. Calculate dmax for a steel needle (SG = 7.84) in water at 20°C. (Ans:

16. A soap bubble of diameter D1 coalesces with another bubble of diameter D2 to form a single bubble D3
with the same amount of air. Assuming an isothermal process, derive an expression for finding D3 as a
function of D1, D2, patm, and ϒ.