Commissioning 2

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PRE-COMMISSIONING TEST PROCEDURE

Title: Index Number: Revision Number:
T-CSP-105-R1 01
Prepared By: Original Issue Date:
PRE-COMMISSIONING TEST
Pre-Commissioning Committee 17-06-2003
PROCEDURES FOR SEC Revised By: Revision Date:
TRANSMISSIONELECTRICAL Commissioning Services Department 30-08-2008
Recommended By: Page Number:
INSTALLATIONS
Mohammad S. AL-Rafaa 1 of 127
Approved By:
I.Y. Al-Hamoudi, Vice President CTA
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Proper pre-commissioning of new electrical equipment is important to prove that new equipment has
been properly shipped and correctly erected and installed. This Procedure highlights the necessary steps
related to proper pre-commissioning of new electrical equipment.
As a general practice, all equipment is tested in the factory before delivery to the site. Pre-commissioning
testing at site is done to prove that:
 No equipment was subjected to any damage during transportation.

 All equipment has been installed correctly.
 All equipment is working in coordination with other equipment, as specified.
 All the protection and control schemes are working in accordance with relevant specifications and
protection requirements.
 All equipment has been adjusted properly in accordance with approved settings.
 The installation is safe for putting into service.
1.1 Purpose
The main purpose of this procedure is
1.1.1 To provide guidelines to the witnessing engineer or technician to organize work

at site during the pre-commissioning test period.
1.1.2 To provide the minimum tests to be performed on the equipment by the
contractor, who has to prepare his work according to this Procedure.
1.2 Procedure
This Procedure is divided to two parts: the first part describes organizing the work at site before,
during and after pre-commissioning tests.
The second part concerns the mechanical checks, inspections and electrical tests to be
performed on the equipment before commissioning the equipment into service.
PART I. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK SITE FOR PRE-COMMISSIONING
PART II. MECHANICAL TESTS, VISUAL INSPECTIONS AND ELECTRICAL TESTS

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Table of Contents
Title Page
ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK SITE FOR PRE-COMMISSIONING 5
1.0 INTRODUCTION 5
2.0 PROCEDURES 5
3.0 WITNESSING COMMENCEMENT 7
4.0 ISSUING SITE INSTRUCTIONS/RECORDS 10
5.0 SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING 14
6.0 TECHNICAL PROBLEM REPORT 14
6.0 TIME AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT 15
7.0 UNCONTROLLABLE PROJECT DELAY FORM 16
8.0 ENTITY HAND OVER FORM 17
9.0 FINAL PRE COMMISSIONING REPORT AND CONTRACTOR’S EVALUATION 17
10.0 IMPLEMENTATION & IMPROVEMENT 18
MECHANICAL TESTS, VISUAL INSPECTIONS AND ELECTRICAL TESTS 20
1.0 INTRODUCTION 20
2.0 PURPOSE 20
3.0 PROCEDURE FOR TESTING OF MAIN EQUIPMENT 20
3.1 Oil Filled Power Transformer 22
3.2 Shunt Reactors 26
3.3 Bushings Inspection and Testing 29
3.4 Surge Arrestors 30
3.5 Station Service Transformers (less than 2 MVA) 31
3.6 Neutral Earthing Resistors. 33
3.7 Current Transformers 34
3.8 Potential Transformers 35
3.9 Capacitive Voltage Transformers 36
3.10 Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer 37
3.11 Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS) 38
3.12 Metal Clad Switchgear 44
3.13 Metal Enclosed Bus Duct 48
3.14 Indoor and Outdoor Bus Structures 49
3.15 Indoor Circuit Breakers 50
3.16 Outdoor Circuit Breakers 53
3.17 Disconnect & Grounding Switches 56
3.18 Circuit Switchers 58
3.19 LV Switchgear (110/220 V) 59
3.20 230kV and 380kV XLPE Cables 60
3.21 230 kV and 380kV LPOF Cables 62
3.22 110kV and 115kV and 132kV XLPE cables 64
3.23 110kV and 115kV and 132kV LPOF Cables 65
3.24 69 kV XLPE power Cables 67
3.25 13.8 kV and 33 kV XLPE Power Cables 69
3.26 LV Cables 70
3.27 Control Cable 71
3.28 Pilot Cables 72
3.29 Overhead Lines 74
3.30 Protection and Control 76
3.31 Station Batteries 85
3.32 Battery Charger 87
3.33 AC Distribution Panels 89
3.34 DC Distribution Panels 90
3.35 LV AC Auto-Transfer Schemes/Switches 91
3.36 GROUNDING SYSTEM 92
3.37 Switchgear Air Compressor Systems 93
3.38 HVAC Systems 95
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3.39 Dry Type Transformer 97

3.40 Ring Main Unit (RMU) 98
3.41 Fire Detection and Protection Systems 99
3.42 Civil Work 100
3.43 Static VAR Compensation System 101
4.0 PROCEDURE FOR TESTING PROTECTION RELAYS 122
4.1 General Mechanical Checks & Visual Inspection 123
4.2 General Electrical Tests 124
4.3 Guidelines for Testing Digital Protection Relays and IED’s 125
4.4 Auxiliary Relays 127
4.5 Under-Voltage Supervision Relays (27) 131
4.6 Trip Circuit Supervision 132
4.7 Over/Under Voltage Supervision Relays (95) 136
4.8 Trip Lockout Relay (86) 137
4.9 Trip Auto Reset Relay (94) 138
4.10 Timers (62) 139
4.11 Definite Time Over-Current Protection (50) 140
4.12 Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) Over-Current Protection (51) 141
4.13 Circuit Breaker Fail (CBF) Protection (50/62) 142
4.14 Bus Bar Differential Protection (87B) 143
4.15 Metrosil and Non Linear Resistor 147
4.16 Synchronism Check (25) 148
4.17 Distance / Impedance Protection (21) 149
4.18 Directional Over-Current and Directional Earth Fault Protection (67/67N) 151
4.19 Line & Cable Differential Protection (87L/87C) 152
4.20 Auto Re-closer function 153
4.21 Transformer Differential Protection (87T) 154
4.22 Restricted Earth Fault (REF) Transformer Protection (64NP / 64NS) 155
4.23 Over/Under-Frequency & Frequency Rate of Change Protection (81/81R) 156
4.24 Automatic Voltage Regulation & Control (90) 157
4.25 Disturbance & Fault Recorders (DFR) 158
4.26 Sequence of Events Recorder (SOE) 160
4.27 Annunciater 161
4.28 Transducers 162
4.29 ACSE / ABTS / TOP 164
5.0 PROCEDURE FOR SCHEME AND FUNCTIONAL CHECKS 166
5.1 General Relay / Control Panel Function Tests 167
5.1 Local Control Cubicle (LCC) Panel Function Test 169
5.2 Relay & Control Panel Function Test 171
5.4 Transformer Function Test 174
5.5 Automatic Voltage Control Panel Function Test 176
5.6 Load Shedding & Under Frequency Panel Function Test 177
5.7 Bus Bar Protection Panel Function Test 178
5.8 ACSE / ABTS / TOP Function Test 179
5.9 Common Alarms Panel Function Test and Alarm Scheme Test 180
5.10 Final Trip Test 181
5.11 Bus Bar Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test 182
5.12 Stuck Breaker Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test 183
5.13 Transformer Differential Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test 184
5.14 Restricted Earth Fault Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test 186
5.15 End To End Test for Over Head Line Feeders 187
5.16 End To End Test for Under Ground Cable Feeders 189
5.17 SCADA Commands Tests 190
5.18 SCADA Back Indication Tests 191
5.19 SCADA Alarms Tests 192
5.20 Metering and Readings through SCADA to ECC 193
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5.21 Pre-Energization Confirmation Checks 194

5.22 During Energization Confirmation Checks 195
5.23 On Load tests for CT/VT Circuits 197
5.24 On Load Line/Cable Differential Protection Stability & Sensitivity 198
5.25 On Load Confirmation of Relay Directionality 199
5.26 Transformer Differential Protection On Load Stability Tests 200
5.27 Restricted Earth Fault Protection On Load Stability Tests 201
5.28 Bus Bar Protection On Load Stability Tests 202
5.29 Stuck Breaker Protection On Load Stability Tests 203
5.30 Recommended Test Equipment 204
ATTACHMENTS 205
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ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK SITE FOR PRE-COMMISSIONING
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Pre-commissioning tests for a new or reinforcement project are to be checked thoroughly and witnessed
by an SEC Commissioning engineer or technician. During the course of the commissioning it has been
observed that at many stages the contractors are not ready and consequently the Commissioning
personnel have to wait with the result that some tests may be missed or ignored. A procedure is required
to check the complete readiness of the contractor before the pre-commissioning tests and prepare the
commissioning engineer/technician for applying commissioning tests as per SEC commissioning
Procedure. This document briefly outlines the necessary steps to be followed to ensure that contractors
are ready to start the pre -commissioning in order to reduce or maintain the approved project milestones
and control the quality of the commissioning tests.
The main purpose of this procedure is to provide necessary guidelines to ensure the readiness of the
contractors to start the pre-commissioning testing of new or reinforcement projects and how to apply and
perform the pre-commissioning tests ensuring that:
 The project is ready for pre-commissioning tests.

 The contractor is fully equipped and ready from all aspects to start the pre-commissioning test.
 The time for witnessing the pre-commissioning tests is at minimum duration with high quality
performance.
2.0 PROCEDURES
2.1 Project Management Responsibility
Project Management shall confirm the readiness of the contractor from all aspects. A joint
inspection shall be conducted with commissioning personnel and the contractor to ensure the
contractor‟s readiness to start the project after written confirmation is received from Project
Management.
2.1.1 Contents of Confirmation Letter
The Confirmation Letter shall, at minimum, contain:
 Equipment is installed and has been inspected by the SEC Project Quality Unit.
 Availability of contractor‟s qualified manpower and testing engineers.
 Availability of tools and test equipment with one-year valid calibration certificate.
 Insulation Resistance test and pre check of all wiring.
 Stable power supply for testing
 The site is safe for testing.
 Approved relay settings and drawings.
 Site office as per SEC requirements.
 Over-all approved schedule along with approved outages.
 Substation HVAC system is in service; required for protection/control testing.
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2.1.2 Joint Inspection
The contractor, Project Engineer and commissioning personnel shall visit the substation
jointly two weeks prior to the start of the pre commissioning testing and the following
points shall be confirmed.
2.1.2.1 Site Office Facilities
The site office shall be complete with the following facilities:
 Commissioning Group Room with working table, chairs, telephone,

internet, PC and PC table.
 Conference room with conference table, chairs, white board, telephone
and notice board.
 Drawing/record room with filling cabinets and Operation and
Maintenance Manuals.
 Fax.
 Proper W.C. facilities are provided with raw water for washing.
 Kitchen with refrigerator.
2.1.2.2 Site Technical and Equipment Requirements
The following shall be available at site prior to precommissioning:
 Confirmation Letter for verification of Section 2.1.1.

 Approved drawings, Scope of Work and one set of approved drawings
available for sole use of witnessing personnel.
 Catalogues, Operation and Maintenance Manuals, all relevant
specifications and protection requirements.
 Factory Test results.
 Approved site test procedures and format.
 Proper communication must be ready for SCADA if applicable.
 SCADA program is ready for implementation if applicable.
 Proper housekeeping and safety standards.
 Approved deviations List.
 Base and Detailed Design Comments.
2.1.2.3 Contractor personnel
During the joint site visit, the contractor shall demonstrate the availability of his
qualified man-power and testing engineers as had been indicated in the confirmation
letter. These engineers should demonstrate proper engineering practice throughout
the project and adhere to proper safety procedures. During commissioning the
commissioning engineer withholds the right to dismiss contractor engineers that are
unqualified or unsafe in their work for the sake of project progress or personnel
safety. The contractor‟s staff shall also include a Qualified Coordination Engineer with
commissioning experience preferably in the SEC network. The coordinator‟s
responsibilities shall include but are not limited to the following:
 Preparation of three week schedules and minimizing conflicting activities

 Follow up and update of the master commissioning schedule
 Snag follow up and clarifications (including discussions with the project
manager, the commissioning engineer, or the supplier / manufacturer)
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 Follow up of the site instruction and status of the punch-list

 Resolving any issues or clarifications that arise with the approved final
setting
 Making sure all equipment that require a final setting have timely
submittals to prevent the delay of commissioning
 The ability to instruct his staff in proper test procedures and good
experience in testing and commissioning.
 Supervising the drawing mark up process and making sure it is correct
and completed before project handover.
 Following up site instructions or snags associated with design alterations
requested by the commissioning engineer, and acquiring proper
documentation, design approval and drawing corrections in order to
continue the activity.
3.0 WITNESSING COMMENCEMENT
After confirmation of all the items of Section 2.1.2, witnessing can begin after two weeks.
3.1 Commissioning File
The Commissioning engineer/technician shall have a Commissioning File for each substation; the
File shall include at minimum:
 Single Line Diagram.

 Approved relay settings.
 Site Instructions.
 Weekly and overall Commissioning Schedule.
 Minutes of Meeting.
 Technical Specifications.
 Copy of approved deviations list and Base Design comments.
 Letters of approval or comments issued by SEC in response to the contractor‟s
submittals, especially those relating to protection equipment, test procedures and test
formats.
 Letters of response or clarification received from manufacturers or suppliers in response
to snags issued during commissioning.
 Organizational chart for site staff and testing engineers.
3.2 Site Instructions/Records and Project Punch List/Snags Rectifications
Commissioning personnel are responsible for witnessing the pre-commissioning tests for
reinforcement and new substations. During the course of witnessing, the necessary Site
Instructions (S.I.) are issued which indicate the deficiencies in fulfilling SEC relevant Standards,
SOW, workmanship, safety and common operation and maintenance problems.
Sometimes differences have been noted in the S.I.s issued by different engineers on a particular
point. Therefore guidelines are required for issuing S.I.s. This document briefly describes the
guidelines to be followed by all Commissioning personnel to issue S.I.s in order to achieve
uniformity and consistency. It should be kept in mind that this is a guideline only and it will not
supercede any SEC relevant Specification in any manner.
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3.3 Sequence of Events
 Any items contrary to SEC Standards, SOW, workmanship and safety will be reflected in
the deficiency section of the Register File, see Attachment No. 2.
 The Register File has two sections, one section belongs to the activities (Attachment No.
3) along with the single line diagram to help an engineer to visualize the project and the
other section for the deficiencies.
 After one week from the registration of a deficiency in the book, all outstanding items will
be sent to the Project Engineer via Site Instructions/Records (Attachment No. 4).
 Any Item that needs to be followed up in multiple worksites will require a technical
problem report. Attachment No.
 Weekly, there is a Safety & Coordination meeting where the commissioning engineer and
the commissioning contractor will review their safety performance and coordinate next
week‟s activities. Attachment No.
 Bi-weekly, the status of the punch list has to be issued by the contractor on the SEC
format, Attachment No. 5.
 If the commissioning activities are halted for an uncontrollable reason, the Uncontrollable
Delay Form will be used to document the start, duration, and reason for the halt in
commissioning. Attachment No.
 One month prior to the scheduled energizing of the equipment, the categorized deficiency
list shall be issued by the commissioning personnel to identify the items which must be
corrected prior to energization. Attachment No. 6
 Once all the work is complete on the equipment, and the equipment is ready for
energization, the commissioning engineer will clear the equipment for energization using
the Entity Hand Over Form. Attachment No.
ATTACHMENT
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
NO.
The contractor, Project Engineer and commissioning
Joint Site Visit
1. personnel shall visit the substation jointly to confirm the
Checklist
readiness of the worksite for precommissioning.
2. Register The Commissioning engineer/technician shall record all the
Book/Deficiency items contravening safety, SEC Standards, Scope of Work and
Record workmanship on the Deficiency Record.
3. Register Book/Activity The Commissioning engineer/technician is responsible to daily
Record update site activities to help any engineer to familiarize him
with the status of the project.
4. Site Instructions After one week from recording in the Deficiency Record,
incomplete items will conveyed to the Project Engineer via the
Site Instructions Form.
5. Safety & Coordination Purpose of this form is to set norms to assure safe work
Meeting environment and a proper coordination between the entire
parties.
6. Status of the Punch Bi-weekly the status of the punch list shall be updated by the
List contractor.
7. Categorization of the One month prior to energizing the equipment, the categorized
Punch List deficiency list shall be issued by the commissioning personnel
to identify the items to be done before energization.
8. Pre-Commissioning The commissioning engineer/technician shall fill in this sheet on
Time Utilization a daily basis.
Statistic Sheet
9. Uncontrollable Project Purpose of this form is to set norms so that uncontrollable
Delay Form delay in project energization will be documented, monitored
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and coordinate with the concern department in order to avoid it

10. Technical Problem Problems that arise during commissioning that are not limited
Report to a single project require the issuance of a Technical Problem
Report to prevent this problem from occurring in future
installations.
11. Confirmation of applied The commissioning engineer / technician shall review the
final settings applied final settings during the project closing stages before
energization and use this format to confirm the proper
application of the approved final settings.
12. Final Pre- The Commissioning engineer/technician shall issue a final Pre-
Commissioning Report commissioning Report at the end of the project.
13. Entity Hand Over Form The entity desired to handover must conform to mandatory
requirements to assure a safe and hassle-free handover.
14. Sample Check In order to reduce the pre-Commissioning time the “sample
(Optional check” procedure may be exercised based on the contractor‟s
Agreement) previous performance and the last time utilizations status
sheet. This shall be based on agreement between the
contractor and SEC Transmission.
15. Check List The check list is intended to provide information to the
commissioning engineer/technician who are assigned to
inspect the contractor‟s work and witness commissioning
testing on behalf of SEC.
16. Contractor‟s The commissioning engineer/technician shall fill this form at the
Performance Report end of the project to evaluate the performance of the
contractor.
17. Commissioning Details the overall commissioning process and the
Process Flow Chart responsibilities within.
18. Procedure To be used to formally request an update or an improvement to
Improvement Form the existing procedure.
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4.0 ISSUING SITE INSTRUCTIONS/RECORDS
Site Instructions (SI) shall conform to the following:
 The Site Instruction will be issued on a standard format, see Attachment 3.

 Every site instruction will be allocated with a number prefix and a letter P (Protection), S (Testing
of Substation Equipment), L (Overhead), U (Cable), O (Operations) and FM (HVAC, Building),
etc., with date.
 The S.I. will be issued to the site project engineer who will hand over the same to the contractor.
 Deficiencies in the drawing/literature, tools and test equipment, etc., shall be conveyed without
S.I. Number with one week‟s notice and if not corrected within a week the same to be issued with
an S.I. Number. This also shall be discussed with the section head for further guidance.
 While issuing an S.I., necessary reference to the drawing No., sheet No., specification No., P.R.
and design approval stage comments, etc., must be indicated.
 A copy of the S.I. signed by the Project Manager and Contractor will be kept in the commissioning
file.
 Some of the instructions although necessary, cannot be implemented due to Contractual terms,
lack of wording in the Scope of Work, unclear P.R., etc., are to be filed with proper remarks in the
respective substation file for implementation at a later stage. Such items shall be communicated to
Engineering Design /Studies Department for inclusion in future Projects.
The contents of the S.I. can be categorized under various headings as noted below. The common
Snags/Punch list mentioned will be issued once in one S.I. for the whole substation and repetition of the
same for different bays shall be avoided.
4.1 Equipment not fit for Service
This consists of the following deficiencies relating to protection, metering and control equipment.
 Missing equipment.
 Physical damage to the equipment.
 Rating is not matching with relevant specifications.
 Equipment with internal fault causing incorrect test results.
 The equipment is not on the SEC Approved Manufacturer‟s List.
4.2 Deviations from SEC Specifications
Examples are listed as follows:
 Protection or a part of it is not in line with SEC relevant Specifications and/or Protection
requirements.
 Work has not been executed in line with general requirements or has had approval during
the design stage.
 Design comments have not been implemented for the protection scheme and other
equipment.
4.3 Poor Work Quality

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 Segregation of protection CT and VT cables is not maintained and color coded cables are
not used.
 Poor ferrule printing quality which will fade over time.
 Cables are directly terminated on terminal blocks without providing adequate clearances
for access during troubleshooting or maintenance.
 Equipment or terminals are not sufficiently accessible to allow maintenance.
 Ferruling method does not meet relevant specifications.
 Apparatus is not properly labeled.
 Wiring has either wrong ferrules or no ferrules.
 Improper use of terminal lugs.
 Control cables do not carry proper number tags.
 Proper wiring dressing has not been done in panels.
 Labels with incorrect spelling, uneven engraved letters, improperly aligned, letters too
small, badly cut edges, etc.
 Alarm annunciator labels/text with letters too small to read from a distance, and
acknowledge/reset/test push buttons at difficult to reach locations.
 Congested wiring obstructs other terminals on a terminal block.
 Very loose plug/socket arrangement. These should always be locking type.
 Improper locking of panel doors has caused frequent breaking of the panel door locking
mechanism.
 Adequate illumination does not reach all working places, terminals, in the panel, in front
of relays, etc.
 Terminals, auxiliary relays, flag relays mounted at very low level or very high level.
 Wiring not supported properly causing undue termination tension, which may result
eventually slipping of wire/breaking off from crimp.
 Bad crimping of wires. For CT circuit this is most dangerous as this may lead to open
circuiting of energized circuits. Open circuited energized CT circuits may cause fires and
serious electrical hazards.
 Inadequately rated relays used for continuously energized relays in fail safe, scheme, etc.
4.4 Improper Electrical Scheme
A protection scheme may not operate properly in spite of implementation of the relevant
specification. Examples are listed as follows:
 Pole discrepancy in tripping of the required CBs.

 Alarm is not working, either locally or remotely.
 Problems with auto re-closing.
 Problem with the inter trip scheme.
 Absence of anti pumping operation. This can be dangerous if the anti pumping fails to
operate.
 D.C. supervision scheme is not working.
 Trip circuit supervision scheme is not working properly.
 Improper operation of auto switching (ABTS) scheme.
 Improper operation of distance relay accelerating scheme.
 Problems with closing selection, interlock wiring, close lockout relay elements.
 Relay flags not working properly due to mechanical problem or other reasons.
 Alarm does not operate due to very fast resetting of main protection relay contacts.
 Auto re-closing scheme does not work correctly due to like failure of synchrocheck relay,
inadequate duration of start pulse, etc.
4.5 Updating of Records

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 Equipment is missing from the apparatus list.

 Rating, contact arrangement and ordering number is incomplete.
 Cross-references are missing or incorrect.
 Correct catalogues have not been provided.
 Testing procedures are not available for some relays.
 Three copies of drawings are required to be updated for modifications and corrections,
using red for addition and green for deletion. This has not been done correctly.
 Proper test record forms are not available to record the test results.
 Some drawing sheets missing.
 Factory test results not available at site.
4.6 Common Punch List/Snags
The following Punch list/ snags are found repeatedly in substation construction. Most of them are
clearly mentioned in the SEC Specifications/General Requirements. Irrespective of this fact, they
are usually repeatedly discovered. When these types of points are raised at site, the contractor
generally tries to avoid implementation. Every effort should be made to have the contractor
promptly correct the inadequacies. Some examples are listed as follows:
 Color-coded cables shall be used for control and/or alarm functions and black ones shall
be used for CT, PT or AC circuits.
 Quality of printing and the placement of ferrules is poor in many cases.
 While terminating cables, the contractor does not leave any margin inside/outside the
panel for re-terminating the cables in another location in the same panel, in case it is
required.
 While laying cables, segregation is not maintained section-wise, so that in case of fire in
one section the other sections will also be affected.
 Paralleling of alarms is done with software, whereas it is necessary to do this with help of
wiring for system reliability.
 Equipment lists do not correlate with the installed equipment and details such as ordering
number and the numbers of NO/NC contacts, etc., are not correct.
 More than one earth point has been made for the CT‟s feeding the unit protection, e.g.,
Restricted Earth fault, Differential, Breaker Failure and Bus bar protection.
 From the maintenance point of view the access to relay terminal blocks is very important;
some contractors do not pay enough attention to this.
 Positive (+), Negative (-) and trip marked in red are not provided on the relevant wires.
 Contractors do not allocate fault recorder channels as per SEC specifications.
 Site modifications are not properly reflected in the drawings.
 CT shorting and isolating arrangement is not in line with SEC standard arrangements
including shorting/isolating, instruction and caution notices.
 Lack of proper labeling to the protection and control equipment in different location, e.g.,
relay panels, control panels, LCC and AVC panels, AC/DC distribution boards, power
transformer marshalling kiosks, CB isolators and earth switches, etc. This equipment
includes main relays, auxiliary relays, contactors, trip relays, MCB‟s terminal blocks,
points on the test switch (MMLG or ABB type), trip links and other links used for other
specific functions.
 CT and VT protection cables are not segregated.
 Terminal block wiring is too low for convenient access, especially CT shorting and
isolating switches. These shall be at working height level.
 Crimping of terminal lugs is not done properly, particularly for CT and VT wires.
 Length of the metallic part of CT and VT lugs is not enough to provide proper grip when
they are tightened in the terminal blocks.
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 Plug in type miniature relays are used in tripping and interlock circuits. After a period of
time, these relays do not function properly, due to displacement from their original
position.
 Normal earth switch was used on the line instead of high-speed type.
 In one substation, the backup main protection was found not working when the DC
supply to the first main protection was switched off since the isolator image was
controlled by the first main DC supply.
 Power cables for the fans from the AC distribution board to the transformer marshalling
kiosk were found underrated.
 Protection coordination of MCB‟s installed in the DC distribution board was not
maintained, so the contacts of an ON/OFF switch were burnt due to a short circuit in the
DC wiring.
 During on-load checks 12 volts were observed across the CT terminals of feeder cable
protection.
 The manual mode status of the Halon was found not annunciated.
 As per SEC specifications it is necessary to install an independent synchrocheck relay for
manual and auto re-closing for each CB rated 110 kV and above.
 The bus-bar protection trip logic for double bus-bar substations does not conform with
SEC specifications.
 The annunciator output contacts did not follow the initiation when the input was reset as
per SEC specifications.
 Remote end breakers also trip in case the HV E/F relay of transformer operates. It
should only trip the local breaker.
 The A/R did not close the breaker when the D.E.F. tripped the breaker. It was due to the
tripping of the breaker in advance before the initiation of the A/R.)
 The phases R and B were found interchanged for the reactors.
 Two phases of earth switch were on one side of the CT‟s whereas the third one was on
the other side of CT‟s.
 CT polarity if it was left reversed on one of the spare feeders and the loading of the spare
feeder led to operation of BBP.
 The anti pumping circuit is not operational for CBs. This deficiency will lead to re-closing
of the CB on to fault when a long duration closing pulse is initiated.
 The pilot wire protection 87PW is commissioned with reverse pilot; this will lead to
indiscriminate tripping.
 The DEF relay for one circuit is commissioned with wrong direction this will lead to
indiscriminate tripping of the circuit.
The following items were found missing:
 Labeling of spare cores with cable numbers.

 Provision of 10 % spare terminal blocks in each relay panel, control panel, LCC, etc.
 Provision of 10 % spare annunciator windows.
 Provision of cover on emergency trip push button.
 Availability of proper lighting arrangement in 13.8 kV and 33 kV switchgear panels, relay
panels, control panels, AVC panels, AC/DC panels and all marshalling kiosks.
 Proper test facility for indicating and recording meters.
 Test facility for indicating lamps.
 Provision of indicating lamp extractor tool.
 Labeling of the duty CT cores.
 Labeling of CT primary polarity, e.g., P1 and P2.
 CT neutral looping with metallic jumpers.
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 Labeling of relays, pressure relief devices, oil temperature gauges and winding
temperature gauges, etc.
 Blocking of spare plugs.
 Avoiding use of plug in connections and plug-in type auxiliary relays.
These problems will be updated regularly as needed
4.7 Clearing he Punch List/Snags
It is very important to clear the Punch List/Snag items as soon as possible after confirming their
implementation. Sometimes it is very difficult to confirm their implementation once the substation
is energized, if they are not cleared during the pre-commissioning stage. It is very useful that the
witnessing engineer/technician keeps the site instruction records updated by putting his signature
with date without any delay after inspecting and approving the relevant snag.
5.0 SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING
5.1 DEFINITION
It is a site meeting between the concerned parties who will discuss a selected safety subject
as well as revision of three weeks schedule and any other project related issue.
5.2 SCOPE
This Policy shall be applicable in Commissioning Services Department (CSD).
.
5.3 PURPOSE
Purpose of this form is to set norms to assure safe work environment and a proper
coordination between the entire parties.
5.4 POLICY
Safety and loss prevention plan must be given top priority over all other activities during
project so that no loss should occur to manpower and equipment. So its constant revision and
updating is necessary. Also progress of work schedule and clearance of deficiencies/punch
list should be regularly monitored so that project may complete in due time.
6.0 TECHNICAL PROBLEM REPORT
Some problems that arise during testing and commissioning are not limited to a single
substation.
The problem may involve:
 A common manufacturer defect

 A common misunderstanding of SEC standards, specifications, and contractual
terms on the contractor‟s behalf
 A common malpractice by the witness engineer / technician or misunderstanding
of the approved test procedures or misapplication of these procedures.
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 A safety or protection problem in typical substation design or contradiction of

issued SEC standards
In these situations, the procedural use of a deficiency record and possibly a site
instruction will rectify the situation in that specific substation. However, to prevent this
problem from occurring in future installations, the commissioning engineer / technician is
required to issue a Technical Problem Report.
Technical problem reports (TPR) shall conform to the following:
o The technical problem report will be issued on a standard format, see Attachment 3.
o The technical problem report does not eliminate the need to follow up the problem with a
snag and site instruction at the incident substation/ project.
o The report shall include a clear description of the problem.
o The report shall include a history of occurrences in other projects and associated
documentation (snags / SI).
o All relevant materials (manuals, manufacturer letters of clarification, formal
communication with the contractor, fault records and analysis reports …etc) to be
attached with the report as supporting documents.
o The report shall be sent to the technical support and coordination division to inform them
of the problem.
o The technical support and coordination division is responsible for archival, circulation and
follow up the report with the relevant departments in SEC.
6.0 TIME AND QUALITY MANAGEMENT
The following sections listed below elaborate the techniques to ensure that all equipment tests are done
with optimal use of the time available.
6.1 Check List
The Check List is intended to provide information to commissioning personnel who are assigned
to inspect the contractor‟s work and witness commissioning testing on behalf of SEC to verify that
substation and transmission line equipment and system are acceptable as per SEC- Standards
and Specifications. The listing of commissioning checks and tests are based on the SEC-
Commissioning Procedure T-PreCom-1000-01.
6.2 Time Utilization Statistic Sheet
A time utilization statistics sheet is being included in this Procedure. This sheet must be filled in
daily. The contents of this sheet will be used for planning future projects by using the total time
consumed. Moreover this sheet will also allow corrective measures to be taken to reduce the pre-
commissioning time. The number of hours lost should be filled correctly, see Attachment No. 6.
6.3 Testing Schedule

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In order to start witnessing after two weeks from confirmation, the contractor shall submit to SEC
the testing schedule, giving details for each test of the time and the commissioning personnel
required. SEC commissioning engineer / technician shall review the schedule and give comments to
the contractor on the schedule in the interest of maintaining the quality of the work or improving the
performance of the commissioning period. Every week, the contractor shall submit a three-week
testing program giving details of the previous week‟s completed jobs and the current and following
week‟s proposed jobs. If in the previous week, some job was not completed, a reason for the deferral
and its effect on the overall schedule should also be mentioned. SEC commissioning engineer /
technician may also review this three week schedule before it is sent to the project manager and
advise the contractor accordingly.
6.4 Marked Up Drawings
The contractor is responsible to provide enough qualified manpower to prepare three sets of marked-
up drawings during the pre-commissioning testing period in order to expeditiously finalize the as-built
drawings without using the substation marked-up drawing. The three copies of the marked up
drawing shall be distributed as the following:
 Contractor copy to prepare the as-built drawing, this copy may be used by the contractor
during the 100% pre-check of the equipment in the presence of a time reduction agreement.
 Commissioning Copy to be used by SEC commissioning engineer / technician during pre-
commissioning and will remain in the substation for maintenance purposes till the completion
of final As-Built Drawings.
 A third copy for the Commissioning Services Department library to be handed over at the end
of commissioning. This copy will be used for review and verification of the As-Built drawings
before issuing the Final As-Built.
The contractor may want to keep one copy of substation schematics without mark-up for emergency use or
replacement of lost drawings.
6.5 Sample Check (Optional)
In order to reduce the pre-Commissioning time, “sample checks” could be exercised based on the
following criteria, see Attachment No. 8.
 If the overall rating of the contractor performance in his immediately previous contract
was GOOD.
 If the hours lost due to the contractor is less than 5% of the work, for the last time
utilization statistic sheet.
7.0 UNCONTROLLABLE PROJECT DELAY FORM
7.1 DEFINITION
Any delay which is out of CSD control and leads to stop the project commissioning activities or delay
in equipment energization and ultimately cause a significant delay in project commissioning planed
completion date is called an uncontrollable project delay form.
7.2 SCOPE
This Policy shall be applicable in Commissioning Services Department (CSD).
7.3 PURPOSE
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Purpose of this form is to set norms so that uncontrollable delay in project energization will be
documented, monitored and coordinate with the concern department in order to avoid it. .
7.4 POLICY
CSD is committed to the timely completion of commissioning of transmission projects with
high quality standards. In view the above; any uncontrollable project delay as delay of
energization or outage shall be documented. Uncontrollable delay event period shall be
calculated and the cause of the event shall be investigated and accordingly the required
action to overcome such event shall be taken.
8.0 ENTITY HAND OVER FORM
It is essential that no entity in the Transmission project enter the Transmission network without formal
handover. The handover procedure is set to prevent accidental or rush energization without the
equipment being 100% ready for energization. Rush energization of unprepared entities can cause a
series of problems ranging from the minor – requiring a shutdown to do some modification or
corrective work – to the major – the possibility of a fault or a failure of protection and the complete
loss of the power equipment or loss of life.
The entity desired to handover must conform to the following mandatory requirements to assure a
safe, and hassle-free handover:
 Marked up drawings have been completed

 Signed Relay Setting Sheets have been received
 All Commissioning tests are complete and all test results are filed and available
 Sequence of Events (SOE) report is received
 Operational and maintenance manuals are received
 Trip test has been completed successfully (through the relay contact) as per the procedure in
section 5.10
The official handover form includes four signatures:
 Commissioning Representative: to ensure that all tests and activities have been completed
with satisfactory results and that the equipment is ready to energize.
 Project Management Representative: for contractual purposes and follow up and
enforcement of the contract.
 Operation & Maintenance Representative: to ensure that all the documents have been
received and that the entity can be operated & maintained successfully post energization.
 CSD Division Manager: for department approval.
This form can be filled on an entity by entity basis (ex. feeder bay, transformer bay, High voltage
switchgear) or for the complete substation/project depending on the project schedule and energization
schedule.
9.0 FINAL PRE COMMISSIONING REPORT AND CONTRACTOR’S EVALUATION
Project completion depends on the pre commissioning report, which has to be issued by the
commissioning engineer/technician (Attachment No. 7). In case of separate contractors working on the
same substation (lines and substation), the line-commissioning engineer/technician shall provide a copy
of the final reports to the substation-commissioning engineer/technician and vise versa. Each
commissioning engineer/technician shall evaluate the contractor at the end of the project, see Attachment
No. 10.
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9.1 Final Pre-Commissioning Report
The commissioning engineer/technician shall issue the Report based on but not limited to the
following.
 The status of the Punch List (A, B) for which “A” refers to any deficiency requiring an
outage to clear it or equipment damage or a safety requirements. “B” is any deficiency
other than “A”.
 Marked up drawing are available at site in good condition.
 One copy of marked up drawings is complete and handed over to Maintenance
Department library for as-built drawing verifications
 Emergency contact list provided.
 Operation spare parts are available.
 Operation and Maintenance Manuals are available.
 Test results provided.
 All final settings applied as per the original copy of the issued final settings documents
and the commissioning engineer / technician has filled out the necessary final setting
confirmation formats.
 All site tests completed.
 Test completion and energization of station service transformer.
 Test completion and energization of HVAC.
9.2 Contractor Evaluation
The commissioning engineer/technician shall use SEC format to evaluate the contractor using the
following criteria:
 Quality of the work.

 Availability of qualified manpower.
 Availability of proper tools and test equipment.
 Quality of supervision/testing engineer.
 Safety.
 Cooperation.
 Punctuality.
10.0 IMPLEMENTATION & IMPROVEMENT
The commissioning process is under continuous pressure to complete the testing and commissioning of
electrical projects in the shortest duration and at the highest quality possible. The safe energization of the
company‟s assets is key to the success of this process and so the commissioning team is continuously finding
ways to improve their work, increase the quality of their output, and reduce the time required to achieve the
commissioning goals.
To achieve these goals, proper implementation of this procedure is essential. The following steps need to
be given special consideration, for implementation of this procedure:
 An appropriate coordination is required with Project Management.

 The major problems must be reported to the Commissioning Manager/Senior Engineer for
guidance.
 Every effort should be done to ensure that this procedure is implemented.
 This procedure shall be included in the Scope of Work.
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 The contractor/Project Management Engineer shall return all the dismantled material to SEC
store.
 It is recommended to store a Project Commissioning File, which includes critical Punch
List/Snags, contractor evaluation, final commissioning report, single line diagram, Minutes of
Meeting and Relay Setting Sheet in the substation.
Within the context of continuous process improvement, the Pre-commissioning Test Procedure itself may
require a revision or an update from time to time. This will mainly be due to:
 Changing trends in power protection relaying, example IED‟s.

 The introduction of new equipment into the Transmission network such as active power
compensators and power factor correction equipment.
 Expansion of the network to interconnect with external networks in the GCC or the introduction of
different technologies such as HVDC transmission.
 The change in international standards for protection equipment and testing and commissioning of
these items.
We have supplied a Procedure Improvement Form (Attachment No. ) in this procedure for the purpose of
documenting and then implementing the improvement requests. This form is to be filled out indicating the
portion of the procedure to be revised, the comments on the existing procedure, the type of improvement
desired (correction, elaboration, addition). Any related documents (standards, designs, test formats,
manuals) that are the basis of this request are to be attached with the form and sent to the Technical
Support & Coordination Division in the Commissioning Services Department for their information and
action.
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MECHANICAL TESTS, VISUAL INSPECTIONS AND ELECTRICAL

TESTS
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Procedure describes the tests and checks to be performed during the pre-commissioning stage of
SEC Transmission projects. It deals primarily with the pre-commissioning tests to be followed for
protection schemes and main equipment such as cables, transformers and switchgear, etc., keeping in
view the SEC standard practices for various types of tests. Further, this listing of tests and checks is
based on the requirements and recommendations of international standards such as IEC, ANSI, etc.
They are the minimum tests and checks to be performed during pre-commissioning.
2.0 PURPOSE
The main purpose of this Procedure is to present a list of checks and tests to be performed on
transmission equipment. They shall be performed by the substation contractor and witnessed by SEC
Precommissioning personnel.
3.0 PROCEDURE FOR TESTING OF MAIN EQUIPMENT
ITEM NUMBER EQUIPMENT

3.1 Oil Filled Power Transformers
3.2 Shunt Reactors
3.3 Bushings Inspection and Testing
3.4 Surge Arrestors
3.5 Station Service Transformers
3.6 Neutral Earthing Resistors
3.7 Current Transformers
3.8 Potential Transformers
3.9 Capacitive Voltage Transformers
3.10 Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer s
3.11 Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)
3.12 Metal Clad Switchgear
3.13 Metal Enclosed Bus Duct
3.14 Indoor and Outdoor Bus Structures
3.15 Indoor Circuit Breakers
3.16 Outdoor Circuit Breakers
3.17 Disconnect and Grounding Switches
3.18 Circuit Switchers
3.19 LV Switchgear (110/220 V)
3.20 230 kV and 380 kV XLPE Cables
3.21 230 kV and 380 kV LPOF Cables
3.22 110 kV, 115 kV and 132 kV XLPE Cables
3.23 110 kV, 115 kV and 132 kV LPOF Cables
3.24 69 kV XLPE Cables
3.25 13.8 kV and 33 kV XLPE Cables
3.26 LV Cables
3.27 Control Cables
3.28 Pilot Cables
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3.29 Over Head Lines
3.30 Protection and Control
3.31 Substation Batteries
3.32 Battery Chargers
3.33 AC Distribution Panels
3.34 DC Distribution Panels
3.35 LVAC Auto-Transfer Schemes/Switches
3.36 Grounding Systems
3.37 Switchgear Air Compressor Systems
3.38 HVAC Systems
3.39 Dry Transformers
3.40 Fire Detection and Suppression Systems
3.41 Civil Work
3.42 Static VAR Compensation Systems
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3.1 Oil Filled Power Transformer
(Standard ref. IEC 60076, SEC Transmission .relevant specifications)
1.1.1 Mechanical check and Visual Inspection
ITEM # TEST DESCRIPTION REMARKS

1. Check the impact Recorder for any abnormal impact during transit.
2. Check all components are installed.
Check quality of paint, lifting lugs, quality of weld areas rust spots and wheel
3. stoppers.
4. Check nameplates information ( visible place )as per contract specifications

Check tightness of all bolts (torque wrench method).
5.
Check that all groundings are securely connected.
6. (at least tow grounding points to main tank are available)
Check that the piping to Buchholz relay has proper slop.

7.
Check that the tank pressure is positive.( if applicable )
8.
Check the valves between the tank and radiator
9.
(To be open).
Check the HV – LV and Tertiary (if applicable) bushing for any damage and
10.
completeness.
Check the color (to be blue) and quantity of silica gel in breather and oil pot
11.
level.
12. Check heaters and humidity meters in local panel at correct setting.
Check phase marking in cable box and it should match with GIS and cables.
13.
Check all pipes – hoses and fan protection (not rubber or plastic).
14.
Check the vertical – horizontal clearances of live parts to adjacent grounded

15.
point to conform standard.
16. Check integrity of diaphragm / air bag in the conservator.
17. Perform all of the manufacturer .specific checks.

Check labeling of all auxiliary devices as per approved drawing.
18.
Check proper operation of all auxiliary devices.
19.
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a. Tap changer ( upper – lower – out of step and interlock)

b. Oil level gauges.
c. Top oil temperature gauges.
d. Winding temperature gauge
e. OLTC Oil / Gas surge (pressure) relay.
20. f. Pressure relief device.
g. Push buttons and indicators.
h. Oil sampling port (main tank – OLTC).
i. Upper and lower main tank valves.
j. Tap changer diverter switch compartment, oil filtering pumps and filter
in good condition (if available).
21. Check Oil leakage by applying 0.35kpa over pressure for 24 hrs.
22. Check that the sampling devices are reachable.
Check oil level in main tank, conservator, tap changer tank and bushing etc.
23.
test the oil level gauges and their alarms.
24. Bleed trapped air at the bushing turrets and tank top.
Check flow of oil in flow meter in correct direction and proper rate (if applicable
25.
)
26. Check all external wiring for correctness and tightness.
Check on line insulating oil dissolved gas and ,moisture monitoring system (if
27.
installed )
28. Check pocket of temperature sensors have oil inside
Internal inspection of the transformer before installation of the high side bushing of
29. new transformer in order to inspect the upper yoke for any bents on the core and paint
particles found.
3.1.2 ELECTRICAL TESTS

(Standard reference. IEC 60076, SEC transmission relevant specifications)
TEST # TEST DESCRIPTION REMARKS

1. Core Insulation Resistance.
2. Winding Insulation Resistance
3. Winding Resistance Test ( all taps )
Excitation Current measurements from primary side at each tap during ratio test
4. and from secondary side when energized from secondary terminals keeping
primary side open or winding excitation current measurement test at 10 kV.
5. Insulation power factor and bushing test at 10 kV ac
6. Polarity, vector relationship and % Impedance test at normal tap

Winding temperature relay:
Test by heating the sensor in oil bath and check against standard thermometer.
Also check by current injection.
7. Check pick up/ Drop off of contacts:
- Fan, oil pump, alarm, trip contacts.
- Check the bushing CT core used for winding temperature
protection for ratio and continuity.
Proper setting as per drawing to be applied and tested.
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Oil temperature relay to be calibrated by heating in oil bath .Setting as per

8.
drawing to be applied and tested.
9. Polarization Index Test at 5 kV DC.
10. Turn Ratio ( all taps )
Check for current and voltage ratings of all motors for tap changer and fans
11. match to SEC standard supply. MCBs for protection are set at proper over load
settings
Fan motors current shall be measured and checked against rating .check wiring
12.
size suitable to carry the current.
Check fan running direction to get air flow towards radiator. Phase sequence of
13.
supply voltage to fan motors circuits is correct.
MCBs in cooler control cubicle to be checked by current injection for alarm and
14.
trip.
On load Tap Changer.

a. check current and voltage ratings of tap changer motor
b. Raise / Lower Control (Local – Remote) and indication. And perform
adjustment
c. End of Tap Travel Control.
d. End of winding travel control (both ends).
e. AVR setting of Bandwidth, Mid point, Time Delay, etc…and adjust as per
approved setting
15.
f. Master / Slave check out of step blocking alarm.
g. Master / Slave control check either transformer as master.
h. Parallel Operation Disturbed – Check Alarm.
i. Check that the windings are not open circuit during tap changing.
j. Check OLTC manual operation by hand crank
k. Check insertion of hand crank automatically prevent electrical motor drive
operation
l. Check OLTC tap position indicator& operation counter
Bushing Current Transformer

a. Polarity
b. Insulation Resistant
c. Secondary Winding Resistant
d. (All windings and all taps).
e. Current Ratio ( Inject Current )
16.
f. Magnetization Characteristics (Minimum 5 points below and 2
points above the knee point.
g. Verify secondary circuits, Terminals to Terminal.
h. Burden Test.
i. Demagnetize CT cores after all tests.
j. Ensure that No open circuit at Secondary side.
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Functional Check of the following :-

a. Liquid Level (alarm/ trip).
b. Top Oil Temperature Device: Fans / pumps (stop, start alarm/
trip).
c. Winding Temperature Device (alarm/ trip).
17.
d. Buchholz Relay (alarm/ trip).
e. Oil / Gas Surge (pressure) relay (alarm/ trip).
f. Pressure Relief Device (alarm/ trip)
g. Rapid Pressure (Rise) Relay as per manufacturer testing
procedure (if applicable).
Insulation Oil Test :

Prior to energization, contractor should submit test report for insulation
sample tested in an independent lab. For the following :
a. Dielectric strength
i) ASTM D877 ( 2.5mm Gap ) for unprocessed oil and
for OLTC oil
ii) ASTM D1816 ( 0.1 mm gap )for oil in main tank
b. Neutralization Number ( ASTM D974 )
c. Interfacial Tension ( ASTM D971 )
18. d. Color ( ASTM D1500 )
e. Moisture Content ( ASTM D1533 A )
f. Power Factor Test ( ASTM D 924 )
g. Dissolved Gas in Oil Analysis (ASTM D3612)
h. (Dielectric Dissipation Factor, Resistivity, Sediment and
/ OR Perceptible Sludge).
Another oil sample shall be given to SEC transmission for their
own analysis and compression purpose
The oil sample should be taken by contractor using searing from the oil valve
A main tank insulation oil sample for dissolved gas analysis shall be
taken immediately prior to first energizing a power transformer and
19.
another sample three days after continuous energization.
20. Frequency response test

21. Zero sequence impedance test
22. Single phase impedance at all taps
23. Insulation resistance of control wire ( 500VDC for one minute)
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3.2 Shunt Reactors

(Standard Reference is IEC 60076 and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
3.2.1 Mechanical Checks and Visual Inspections
ITEM DESCRIPTION REMARKS

1. Check the impact recorder for any abnormal impact during
transit.
2. Check all components are installed.
3. Check for quality of paint, lifting lugs, quality of weld areas, rust
spots and wheel stoppers.
4. Check nameplates information (visible location) as per contract
specifications.
5. Check tightness of all bolts (torque wrench method).
6. Check that all grounding is securely connected (two grounding
connections to main tank are required).
7. Check that the piping to Buchholz relay has proper slope.
8. Check that the tank pressure is positive, if applicable.
9. Check that the valves between the main tank and radiators are
open.
10. Check the bushings for any damage and completeness.
11. Check for correct color and quantity of desiccant (moisture
absorbing media) in breather. Check for correct breather oil
level.
12. Check heaters and humidity meters in local panel are at correct
settings.
13. Check that phase marking in cable box matches with GIS and
cables.
14. Check all pipes, hoses and fan protection (not rubber or plastic).
15. Check the vertical and horizontal clearances of live parts to
adjacent grounded points conform to standard.
16. Check integrity of diaphragm/air bag in the conservator.
17. Perform all of the manufacturer‟s specific checks.
18. Check labeling of all auxiliary devices as per approved drawing.
19. Check proper operation of auxiliary devices as follows:
a. Cooling fans/pumps (for all settings).
b. Oil level gauges.
c. Top oil temperature gauges.
d. Buchholz relay by gas injection.
e. Winding temperature gauges.
f. Ensure correct operation of the Pressure Relief Device
microswitch.
g. Push buttons and indicators.
h. Oil sampling port (main tank).
i. Upper and lower main tank valves.
20. Check oil leakage; if any noted, apply 0.35 kPa over pressure
for 24 hrs to make sure.
21. Check that the oil sampling valves for the main tank are
accessible from ground level.
22. Check oil level in main tank, conservator and bushings, etc.
Test the oil level gauges and their alarms.
23. Bleed trapped air at the bushing turrets and radiators.
24. Check all external wiring for correctness and tightness.
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3.2.2 Electrical Tests

1. Core Insulation Resistance Test
2. Winding Insulation Resistance Measurement Test and
Polarization Index (P.I.) Test at 5 kV DC.
3. Winding Resistance Test.
4. Inductance Measurement.
5. Impedance Measurement.
6. Winding temperature device test by heating the sensor in oil
bath and checking against standard thermometer. Also check
by current injection. Setting as per approved drawing to be
applied and tested.
7. Oil temperature device to be calibrated by heating in oil bath.
Setting as per approved drawing to be applied and tested.
8. Insulation power factor and bushing test at 10 kV AC.
9. Bushing Current Transformer Tests:
a. Polarity.
b. Insulation Resistance.
c. Secondary Winding Resistance (all windings and all
taps).
d. Current Ratio (inject current)
e. Magnetization Characteristics (minimum five points
below and two points above the knee point).
f. Verify secondary circuits, terminal to terminal.
g. Burden Test.
Demagnetize CT cores after all tests. Ensure no open circuit on
CT secondary side.
10. Functional Checks for the Following:
a. Liquid level (alarm and trip).
b. Top Oil Temperature Device: fans/pumps (stop, start
alarm and trip).
c. Winding Temperature Device.
d. Buchholz Relay (alarm and trip).
e. Pressure Relief Device (alarm and trip)
11. Insulating Oil Tests:
Prior to energization, the contractor should submit insulating oil
test reports tested at an independent laboratory, for the
following:
a. Dielectric Strength
i. ASTM D 877 (2.5 mm gap) for unprocessed oil
ii. ASTM D 1816 (1.0 mm gap) for oil in main
tank
b. Neutralization Number (ASTM D 974)
c. Interfacial Tension (ASTM D 971)
d. Color (ASTM D 1500)
e. Moisture Content (ASTM D 1533)
f. Power Factor Test (ASTM D 924)
g. Dissolved Gas in Oil Analysis (ASTM D3 612)
h. (Dielectric Dissipation Factor, Resistivity, Sediment
and/or Precipitable Sludge).
own analysis and comparison purposes. A syringe oil sample
shall be taken by contractor.
12. Cooling system checks and measure for fan motors and pumps
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(as applicable), etc., for current, supply voltage and air flow
direction.
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3.3 Bushings Inspection and Testing


1. Cleaning the insulator surface.
2. Check for tightness test between transformer and bushing
flange and outer terminal.
3. Visually inspect for any damage or cracks.
4. Check for leakage.
5. Check and adjust of oil level. Note that adding insulating oil to a
bushing shall be done under vacuum.
6. Measurement of capacitance and tan delta. The bushing shall
be tested in a vertical position and the lower portion set into an
oil reservoir.
7. Check of through resistance.
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3.4 Surge Arrestors

(Standard Reference is relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
3.4.1 Mechanical Checks and Visual Inspection:

1. Inspect for physical damage or defects.
2. Check tightness of all bolted connections (torque wrench
method).
3. For multi-unit stacks, check that the physical arrangement of the
units are erected according to the manufacturer‟s specifications.
4. Check that all grounding cables are correctly and secured
connected.
5. Check name plate information for correctness as per SEC‟s
specifications.
6. Check that impulse counter and leakage current meter glasses
are not broken or cracked.

1. Check calibration of leakage current meters.
2. Insulation resistance test at 5 kV DC.
3. Power factor test at 10 kV AC.
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3.5 Station Service Transformers (less than 2 MVA)

3.5.1 Mechanical Checks and Visual Inspection

1. Check the Impact recorder for any abnormal impacts during
transit (if applicable).
2. Check earthing, color, painting, external damage, oil leakage,
wheel stopper, cable connection and bolt tightness, etc.
3. Check nameplate data against contract specifications.
4. Perform all special checks according to the manufacturer‟s
instructions.
5. Check oil level in HV side cable box and its oil level indicator or
HV fuses.
6. Check all devices are labeled correctly as per drawing.

1. Check LV side MCB setting as per transformer current rating
2. Ratio Test (all taps), Insulation resistance measurement test on
all windings and polarization index (P.I.) test.
3. Polarity and Vector Group symbols confirmation Test.
4. Check oil level and its indicator alarms.
5. Check oil temperature gauge by oil bath method and its alarms.
6. Check LV and HV side phases match with the LV bus bar
phasing in the distribution panels and with the main transformer
phases.
7. Check phasing at the automatic transfer switch (as applicable )
8. Winding resistance measurement (at all taps).
9. Excitation current test (all taps).
10. Back energization test at rated voltage for 15 minutes.
11. Check that the off load tap changer is set at the nominal voltage
tap.
12. Perform functional tests of all auxiliary devices (as applicable )
13. Insulating Oil Tests:
Prior to energization, the contractor should submit insulating oil
test reports tested at an independent laboratory, for the
following:
a. Dielectric Strength
i. ASTM D 877 (2.5 mm gap) for unprocessed oil
ii. ASTM D 1816 (1.0 mm gap) for oil in main
tank
b. Neutralization Number (ASTM D 974)
c. Interfacial Tension (ASTM D 971)
d. Color (ASTM D 1500)
e. Moisture Content (ASTM D 1533)
f. Power Factor Test (ASTM D 924)
g. Dissolved Gas in Oil Analysis (ASTM D3 612)
h. (Dielectric Dissipation Factor, Resistivity, Sediment
and/or Precipitable Sludge).
own analysis and comparison purposes. The oil sample should
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be taken by contractor.
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3.6 Neutral Earthing Resistors.

(Standard Reference is Manufacturer‟s Instructions)

1 Check the value of resistance and current ratings against the specifications.
Checks that the external earth connection to main earth is copper wire at least 240
2
mm2 in size.
3 Test on NER HV side associated CT & power cable.
4 Inside visual inspection for any insulator broken.
5 Main circuits Resistance measurement test.
6 Insulation resistance measurement test. >=1000megaohms
7 Cleaning of all internal as well as external to NER before energization.
8 Check identification and function of NER isolator (if applicable).
Check that the enclosure earth terminal and resistor earth terminal are separate to
9
allow the possibility of disconnection during testing.
The grounding resistance of the enclosure earth terminal and resistor earth
10
terminal should be not more than 2 ohms.
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3.7 Current Transformers
(Standard Reference is IEC 60044-1 and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
Note that Bushing current transformer tests and inspections are covered in the sections relating
to the equipment into which they are installed.

2. Check nameplate information for correctness.
3. Check that outdoor secondary wiring terminations are installed
in moisture proof enclosures.
method).
5. Check that all grounding cables are securely connected.
6. Check secondary wiring is correctly color coded and size of
wires is as specified.
7. Check proper lugs have been used on terminations.
8. Check CT locations physically and secondary terminal labeling
has been done correctly.

1. Insulation resistance test.
2. Winding resistance measurement.
3. Polarity test or flick test with battery.
4. Ratio test by current primary injection.
5. Magnetizing current test (minimum two points above knee
point).
6. Loop resistance measurement test (burden test).
7. Phase identification test.
8. Verify secondary circuits, terminals, shorting/isolating links by
primary injection of CTs.
9. Insulation power factor test (live tank CTs-110 kV and above if
applicable).
10. High voltage test:
During normal HV tests on switchgear or GIS the CTs are
included in the HV test. CT secondaries shall be shorted to
ground and isolated from relays and meters.
11. Test intercore coupling for all bus differential CTs.
12. Demagnetize CT cores after all tests.
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3.8 Potential Transformers


3. Check tightness of all bolted connection.
4. Check that the HV connection does not transfer stress to the HV
terminal.
6. Check mechanical clearances and proper operation of all
isolation and grounding devices (as applicable).
7. Check integrity of primary fuses (if applicable).
8. Check insulation liquid level (if applicable).
9. Gas leakage check for GIS VTs.

2. Insulation resistance tests HV TO G, LV TO G and HV TO LV
using a one kV insulation tester.
3. Ratio Test.
4. Polarity Test.
5. Primary and secondary fuses rating checks for 11 kV VTs and
above (if applicable).
6. Ensure VT is included in switchgear and GIS high voltage test. Test voltage is 1.5Uo (where Uo is
-N voltage) for 1 minute
For electromagnetic VTs, see
Table 1.
7. Check VT HV neutral is solidly grounded.
8. Check electrical operation of all isolating and grounding devices
(if applicable).
9. Check phase sequence, for the final three-phase assembly.
10. Verify secondary circuits, terminal to terminal for correctness
and tightness.
11. Loop resistance test and burden test.
12. Check gaps of protective flashover devices (if applicable).
13. Insulation power factor test, 110 kV and above.
14. Back energization test at rated voltage for 15 minutes.
TABLE 1
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SYSTEM RATED RATED LOAD TEST VOLTAGE

FREQUENCY TIME PERIOD REMARKS
VOLTAGE (KV) FACTOR (KV)
11 1.5 9.5
13.8 1.5 12 These tests are
33 1.5 28 applicable to
69 1.5 60 electromagnetic
110 1.5 95 60 Hz I Minute VT‟s
115 1.5 99.5
132 1.5 114
230 1.5 199
380 1.5 329
3.9 Capacitive Voltage Transformers


3. Check tightness of all bolted connections.
isolation and grounding devices (as applicable).
6. Check oil level (if applicable).
7. Check for oil leakage.
8. Check electromagnetic unit spark gaps for correct setting (if
applicable).
9. Check drain coils (if applicable).

3. Ratio Test.
4. Polarity Test.
5. Check HV neutral is solidly grounded.
(if applicable).
8. Loop resistance and burden tests.
9. Capacitance and dissipation factor measurement tests.
11. Check on fast damping device (FDD).
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3.10 Coupling Capacitor Voltage Transformer


isolating, grounding and shorting devices (as applicable).
6. Check electromagnetic unit spark gaps for correct setting (if
applicable).
7. Check drain coil unit spark gaps for correct setting (if
applicable).
8. Check wave trap mechanical assembly, bird screens, etc.

1. Winding resistance test
3. Ratio test
4. Polarity test
(if applicable)
7. Loop resistance and burden tests.
8. Capacitance and dissipation factor measurement tests.
10. Perform all specific tests per manufacturer‟s instruction
11. Phase angle check if the equipment is assembled at site.
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3.11 Gas Insulated Switchgear (GIS)


3. Inspect enclosures for proper alignment and foundation fixing
and grounding.
4. Check quality of paintwork.
5. Ensure that all special tools and equipment are provided as
specified and have proper storage.
6. Ensure that gas-handling cart (if provided) operates correctly
and that special filling and degassing fittings are provided and
have proper storage.
7. Verify that all lifting devices are correctly labeled for lifting
capability.
8. Ensure that adequate ladders and walkways are provided for
access to meters, filling ports, cranes, lights, etc.
9. Check and verify that all grounding of GIS is as per approved
layout drawings and specification and is securely connected.
10. Check that all specified grounding switches are insulated, with
removable grounding links.
11. Check operation of all mechanical interlocks.
method).
13. Check each gas section filled to correct rated pressure.
14. Check SF6 gas at each gas section for air and moisture content Permissible Dew Point is -35 °C
after filling at rated pressure. or lower.
15. Gas leak test of all flanges and joints after erection and filling. Wrap all joints with sealed plastic
sheeting and test for gas leakage
after 24 hours.
16. Calibrate gas pressure (density) gauges. Check the gauges
have correct, legible and readable scales.
17. Check the gauges are ambient temperature compensated.
18. Check operation of all gas density switches (alarm trip signals
and lockout functions). Confirm correct set points.
19. Check all wiring is correct according to approved drawings or
confirm the correctness of all modifications.
20. Verify that all front panel mounted devices (meters, push
buttons, switches, indicator lamps, mimic buses, etc.) are
installed as per drawings, fixed permanently and are correctly
labeled.
21. Verify that all operating devices are correctly labeled.
22. Perform mechanical checks and visual inspections on all
component equipment:
a. Circuit breakers.
b. Current transformers.
c. Voltage transformers.
d. Disconnect and grounding switches.
23. Check that all phase marking and circuit labeling have been
installed as per specifications.
24. Ensure that all disconnect switches are provided with viewing
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windows or mechanical indicators for verification of contact
positions and that all grounding switch positions can be visually
verified.
25. Verify that correct Dispatch Numbers have been installed.
27. Check the closed barriers at the ends of each gas zones are
externally colored yellow or orange. The zone gas density
gauges shall have a zone marking plates fixed over the gauges.
28. Check GIS over pressure relief discs are not cracked or
deformed.

1. Insulation resistance test for all low voltage wiring and cabling.
2. Functional test of all controls and interlocks.
3. Resistance of all ground connection joints at 100 A DC.
4. Resistance of bus joints at 100 amperes DC.
5. Overall resistance of the main circuit. Not more than 1.2 X Rdesign with
components (CBs, disconnects,
etc.) in closed position.
6. Functional check of all alarms, interlocking and indication circuits
from the switchgear through to the local control cubicle.
7. CB Timing Test (open and close) with contact travel and speed
analysis.
8. Disconnect switch close and open time tests for the confirmation of
early make and late break operation of auxiliary contacts with main
contacts for CT switching schemes.
9. Checks on CB hydraulic system or vacuum system for pump start stop
trip/close lockout threshold values.
10. GIS PTs to be included during AC HV tests on GIS when test
frequency is well above rated frequency, otherwise test at 1.5Un – one
minute at rated frequency without secondary load. PT secondary
output volts shall be monitored during the high voltage test.
11. All AC/DC MCBS shall be tested by trip test through current
injection.
12. Check and confirm GIS PTs primary isolation device with manual
operation provided where fitted, along with it’s monitoring system
locally as well as on mimic diagram in control room. Check VT HV
neutrals externally available especially in case of VTS installed
directly on cable feeder.
13. Check and confirm that the three-phase test adaptor and bushing for
HV test on GIS has been provided.
14. Verify the alarms being initiated by SF6 density gauges on LCC and
up to control room during calibration process.
15. Check that all cubicle space heaters and thermostats are functional and
at correct temperature control settings.
16. Perform all electrical tests on following GIS components as per
manufacturer’s instructions and SEC approved procedures.
Circuit breakers.
Current transformers.
Voltage transformers.
Disconnect and grounding switches.
17. Perform high voltage test at 10 kV AC for 1 minute on all grounding
switches’ external insulating bushings.
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I. HV Tests on GIS Main Circuits
AC HV tests on main circuit of GIS are performed with all CB’s and disconnect switches in the closed position at 80% of
the factory routine test voltage for one minute. Partial discharge measurements (If applicable and possible to be
performed) are performed at 1.2 X Un (Un = phase to neutral voltage).
II. Preparation for HV Tests
Check and confirm following points and condition to be met before high voltage tests.
i. The Switchgear shall be erected completely and filled with gas at rated pressure.
ii. Some part may be disconnected before test, such as:
High Voltage cables and overhead lines.
Power transformer and most voltage transformers.
Surge arrestors and protective spark gaps.
Current transformer secondary windings should be shorted and grounded.
iii. Every newly erected part of GIS shall be tested with high voltage.
iv. The test should be performed at rated frequency (60 Hz.). If such arrangement is not possible, then the
frequency should be limited to the range of 30 to 300 Hz.
v. AC voltage tests are sensitive in detecting contamination and abnormal field configuration.
vi. Tests with switching impulse voltages are useful especially for high rated voltage to detect the presence
of contamination as well as abnormal field configuration
III. Two Test Procedures are Utilized to Test the GIS
Contractor can adopt one of the two procedures A or B to perform high voltage test on GIS after erection at
site
i. Procedure A
Site AC test voltage level shall be equal to the 80% of the factory routine test voltage.
This test may be performed through series resonance method
Or by a test transformer with sufficient capacity. PD measurements are possible to be measured in this case at
test voltage level = 1.2 Un (Un = phase to neutral rated voltage) during the HV Test process.
Electrical conditioning at voltage equal to U/3 for longer period such as 30 minutes may be
performed to move and trap the contamination in areas where they become harmless.
Partial discharge measurements may be helpful in detecting some kind of faults.
ii. Procedure (B)
a. Through GIS Voltage Transformers
Site AC test voltage level equal to 1.2 Un for 5 minutes followed by Impulse Voltage test at a
test level equal to 64% of the rated lightening impulse withstand level specified in IEC-517.
Three positive and three negative polarity impulses shall be applied.
b. With Separate Source
In case the GIS VTs are not suitable to be used as test transformer; a special voltage
transformer shall be used to perform such tests. GIS VT can only be used as a test
transformer if the manufacturer guarantees its safety and capability to perform such tests
otherwise it shall not be used as a test source.
IV. Deviation Due to Practical Needs

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Sometime in extension projects due to practical and technical reason of joining new and old GIS together, the
test may be performed at reduced voltage level for an extended duration subject to agreement between SEC
and supplier.
V. Assessment of Tests
i. Test is considered passed if no disruptive discharge occurs during the test period.
ii. If disruptive discharge occurs in solid insulation, the compartment should be opened and
repaired. After fault repair, again, test with full site test voltage.
iii. If disruptive discharge occurs in gas, the test may be repeated and if discharge again takes
place, then compartment should be opened to clean out the compartment.
iv. If the discharge occurs and second time it disappears, it should be considered acceptable
after repeating one test more at full site test voltage mentioned in Table 1.
VI. Repetition of test after flash over at site
Test may be repeated several times to listen and locate the location of fault point subject to the agreement
between SEC and Contractor.
Table-1 on the next page describes the exact test voltage levels, time and kind of tests to be applied after
erection of GIS at site.
i. For 132 kV GIS the test voltage shall be 220 kV AC 60 Hz for one minute as per Procedure A clause
7.107.1.5 of IEC 517- 1990
ii. For 380 kV GIS and GIBs shall be 416 kV AC 60 Hz for one minute as per procedure A clause
7.107.1.5 of IEC 517-1990.
iii. In case of procedure B as per clause 7.107.1.5 of IEC 517-1990 the test voltage for 132 kV rated GIS
shall be 84 kV AC for 5 minutes and followed by 416 kV Impulses of three positive and three negative
polarities.
iv. In case of procedure B to be applied for high voltage tests on 132 kV GIS special VT should
be used as Test voltage source. GIS VTs shall not be used as HV test voltage source.
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Table 1. Test Voltage Levels for Metal-Enclosed Gas Filled Switchgear (GIS)
System Rated
Impulse level
Conditioning
REMARKS
Switching.
Discharge
Electrical
Impulses
Measure
Swing or
AC Test
AC Test
Time Of
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Voltage
Method
Of Test
No. Of
Partial
Freq.
No.
KV
kV
Leakage
10 kV for 10 current
A 13.8 30 60 Hz 1 min. - - -
min. < 1000
mA
Leakage
22 kV for 15 current
A 33 56 60 Hz 1 min. - - -
min. < 0.86
mA
Electrical
60 Hz. At 48 kV conditioni
44 kV for 30 ng is a
A 69 128 or 10- 1 min. - - less than cleaning
min.
300 Hz. 10 pC process
only.
3
positive
B 69 - 44 60 Hz. 5 min. 248 kV
3
negative
Electrical
min.
only.
3
positive
B 110 - 84 60 Hz. 5 min. 416 kV
3
negative
Electrical
min.
only.
3
positive
B 115 - 84 60 Hz. 5 min. 416 kV
3
negative
Electrical
min.
only.
3
positive
B 132 - 84 60 Hz. 5 min. 416 kV
3
negative
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10-300
142 kV
Hz.
A 230 for 30 316 1 min. - - -
Better
min.
60 Hz.
10-300 3
Hz. positive
B 230 - 142 5 min. 608 kV
Better at 3
60 Hz. negative
Impulse
PD or HF test is
10-300 3
detection applied
245 kV Hz. positive
A 380 416 1 min. 840 kV techniques in
for 30 min. Better at 3
to be special
60 Hz. negative
applied cases
only
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3.12 Metal Clad Switchgear

(Standard Reference is IEC 62271-100 and relevant SEC Transmission specifications)
3.12.1 Mechanical Check And Visual Inspection

Test # Test Description Remarks

Inspect enclosures for proper alignment, foundation fixing and grounding and
3.
vermin proofing.
4. Inspect all covers, panels section and doors for paint work and proper fit.
Check for smooth and proper movement of racking mechanisms for alignment,
5.
shutters, rollers, rails and guides.
6. Check for proper alignment of the breaker primary and secondary contacts.
7. Check operation of all mechanical interlocks.
8. Check tightness of all bolted connections (torque wrench method).
Check bus and supports for defects such as cracked welds, chipped porcelain,
9.
cracked insulation, etc., and free of dust accumulation.
10. Check main and riser buses for correct phasing connections.
Verify that all front panel mounted devices (meters, push buttons, switches,
11.
indicator lamps, mimic buses, etc.) are installed as per drawings
12. Perform mechanical check and visual inspection on all circuit breakers.
13. Perform mechanical check and visual inspection on all current transformers.
14. Perform mechanical check and visual inspection on all voltage transformers.
Perform mechanical check and visual inspection on all disconnected and
15.
grounding switches.
16. Check for correct breaker position indication.
17. Check for correct spring status indication (spring charged/discharged).
For air magnetic breakers, check the arc chutes for damage and correct
18.
positioning above the interrupter contacts.
19. For minimum oil breakers, check correct oil level in each pole.
20. For SF6 breakers, check the correct gas pressure. Quality and leakage.
For SF6 breakers, check the operation of the gas density switch (alarm and
21.
lockout functions).
Perform all specific checks on the breaker and spring operating mechanism
22.
according to the manufacture‟s instructions.
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Check that all control wiring is correct according to the approved drawing and
23.
terminal connections are secure.
24. Check all wiring is correct according to approved drawings.
25. Check that all phase marking have been installed per specifications.
27. Check that all special tools, devices, etc., as per specification have been provided.
28. Check existing of warning signs according to SEC specification
3.12.2 ELECTRICAL TEST


Insulation resistance test of all wiring, cabling and auxiliary 500 V DC
1.
circuit in the panels.
2. Functional test of all controls and interlocks.
3. Bus continuity and phasing test.
The resistance values from panel to
Main circuit resistance test with the switchgear erected but not panel should vary no more than 15%.
yet connected to the cables. Perform with 100 ampere DC by Compare the measured resistance
4.
micro-ohmmeter from panel to panel on each phase from cable values with factory test results. And
spouts with all circuit breakers racked in service and on position. shall be within +/- 20% of factory test
reference.
Check All AC/DC MCBS in the panel for correct ratings
5. and their grading. Trip test by current injection for one
point on curve.
Insulation resistance test at 5 kV DC on all main circuit
6. between phase to phase and phase to ground (before HV
test).
Perform electrical tests on all component equipment as per SEC
approved procedures:
Circuit breakers.
7. Current transformers.
Voltage transformers.
Disconnect and grounding switches.
Ensure the cable spouts are included in the high voltage
tests
8. Insulation test on all wiring at 500 V DC.
9. Functional test of all electrical interlocks.
10. Functional test of trip free and anti pump circuits.
11. Functional test of local, alarm and indications.
12. Functional test of remote, alarm and indications.
13. Minimum control voltage trip and close operations.
14. Check and test capacitor trip circuit (if applicable).
15. Check spring charge time and motor currents at rated control
voltage.
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16. Functional check of thermostat and space heaters, measure

heater current.
17. Functional checks of breaker operation counter.
18. Timing test open/close using an electronic oscillograph.
19. For SF6 breakers, verify electrically the low gas pressure alarm
and lockout functions.
20. For minimum oil breakers, test insulating oil for dielectric
strength. ASTM D-877 (with 2.5 mm gap)
21. Check correct operation of all auxiliary “a” and “b” contacts (for
breaker open/closed position).
22. Calibrate the metering devices such as ammeter, voltmeter…
Guidelines for High Voltage Test on main circuits including CBs
 Preparation and precaution before HV test
 For vacuum breakers, test across open contact and live parts to ground. Precautions should be taken against
emission of X-rays.
 For all other breakers. Test in conjunction with breaker racked in the switchgear and in the closed position.
The following shall be observed:
 The new switchgear not connected yet to cables should be tested as a whole unit with all circuit breaker in close
position.
 All back shutters must be closed.
 Gas Pressure indication for the circuit breaker should be checked under permissible limits.
 VTS, cables or any other voltage indication should be in out position and VTS secondary side fuses should be
taken out.
 CTS secondary terminals should be short-circuited and earthed.
 Test voltage should be applied on each phase to ground with other phases in earthed position. The test should be
repeated on other phases similarly.
 The test period should not be more than one minute at full test level and the test voltage frequency should be
kept at 60 Hz.
 Charging current for each test is noted and recorded.
 HV Test is considered successful if no breakdown occurs during test period.
 HV Test levels and time for pre-commissioning testing of switchgear are given in Table 2.
AC High Voltage test

 Voltage shall be applied on each phase with all other phases and then frame grounded.
 Test shall be performed with the CB in both the closed and open position.
 In open position, the cable contacts are to be grounded.
 Test voltage levels are given in Table-2 below.
 After the high voltage test on main circuit is finished, rack the voltage transformers in service position and apply
on primary side a test voltage equal to 1.5Un (Un = phase to neutral rated voltage) on each phase consecutively
and measure the secondary output voltage same time during the test.
 Make sure the VTS secondary side MCBS are switched off and any resistor in open delta winding should have
been removed.
 Compare the observed ratio with actual ratio.
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 HV Test should be repeated with circuit breakers in open position keeping cable spouts in earthed condition in
all panels.
TABLE-2
TEST VOLTAGE LEVEL FOR MEDIUM VOLTAGE METAL CLAD SWITCHGEAR
AC Test Voltage Time Period

Switchgear Ratings
11KV 25kV 60 Hz 60 Sec

13.8 kV 60 Sec
30 kV 60 Hz
56 kV 60 Hz 60 Sec
33 & 34.5 kV
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3.13 Metal Enclosed Bus Duct


2. Check bus arrangement for conformance with approved
drawings.
method).
4. Check that all enclosure grounding is securely connected.
5. Inspect internal compartments for cleanliness (free from dust
and moisture).
6. Check for watertight seals at joints including expanding
interface points.
7. Check bus conductor support insulators for cracked insulation,
chipped porcelain, etc.
8. Check quality of paint work (inside and outside).
9. Check that ventilation opening are not blocked, and meet
specified Degree of Protection.
10. Moisture drain holes available at bottom of enclosure.
11. Check anti-condensation heaters mounted at the correct
locations (bottom)

1. Perform phasing checks. Ensure correct phase identification.
2. Perform continuity check.
3. Bus joint resistance test. Ductor at 100 A DC
4. Insulation resistance test
5. HV test (to ground and between phases).
6. Heaters and thermostats functional test. Measure the heater currents.
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3.14 Indoor and Outdoor Bus Structures


1. Inspect bus and support insulators for physical damage or defects.
2. Check bus physical arrangement for conformance with approved
drawings.
3. Check bus connections for correct phasing and marking of phases.
5. Check for proper phase to phase and phase to ground clearances.
6. Ensure that PT, etc., connections are flexible, to prevent transferring
expansion stress from the bus

1. Measure resistance of bus section joints. Ductor at t 100 A DC.
2. Insulation resistance test at 5 kV DC.
3. HV test (indoor bus work including PTs where applicable, 69 kV and
below).
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3.15 Indoor Circuit Breakers


1. Inspect bus for physical damage or defects.
method).
4. Check all wiring is correct according to approved drawings and
that terminal connections are secure.
7. Check breaker truck, rails, for proper alignment and smooth
movement.
8. Check operation of all mechanical interlocks with associated
disconnects, grounding switches, racking truck mechanism,
cubicle doors, etc.
9. Check for correct breaker position indication (breaker
open/closed).
10. For minimum oil circuit breakers, check for correct oil level in
each pole.
11. For SF6 breakers:
a. Check for correct SF6 pressure in each pole.
b. Check for gas leakage.
c. Calibrate SF6 pressure gauge.
d. Check operation of gas density switch (alarm and
lockout functions).
e. Verify that all special filling adapters have been
provided.
12. For motor/spring operation mechanisms:
a. Check manual spring charge operation.
b. Verify correct spring status indication (spring
charged/discharged).
c. Perform all specific checks on the mechanism
13. For pneumatic operating mechanisms:
a. Check the compressor, air piping, valves, pressure
gauges, air filter, water trap and switches for damage,
defects or blockage.
b. Calibrate the air pressure gauges.
c. Check the setting of air pressure switches (compressor
start/stop, alarm, lockout).
d. Perform all specific checks on the compressed air
system according to the manufacturer‟s instructions.
e. Check for correct direction of compressor rotation.
f. Check air-charging time.
g. Check safety relief valve operating pressure and
resetting pressure.
h. Measure air consumption for C, O, CO and OCO
operations.
i. Air storage test, perform as specified, the following
without replenishment: 5X CO, or O + CO + 3min. +
CO
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j. Air leakage test (pressure drop method over 24 hours,
CB closed and open).
14. For hydraulic operating mechanisms:
a. Check, the pump, piping, valves, gauges and switches
for damage/defects/blockage.
b. Bleed air from hydraulic system.
c. Calibrate the fluid pressure gauges.
d. Check the Nitrogen pre-charge pressure in
accumulators.
e. Check for correct hydraulic fluid level in the reservoir.
f. Check the setting of air pressure switches (pump
g. Perform all specific checks on the hydraulic system
according to the manufacturer‟s instructions.
h. Check for oil leaks
i. Check pump-up time.
j. Check safety relief valve operating and resetting
pressure.
k. Measure pressure drop for C, O, CO and OCO
operations.
l. Stored energy test – perform O + CO + 3min + CO
without replenishment.
m. Oil leakage test (pressure drop method over 24 hours,
n. Check operation of the nitrogen low pressure switch.

1. Measure resistance of main conducting circuits at 100 A DC.
2. Insulation resistance test of each breaker pole at 5 kV DC.
3. Insulation resistance test of all low voltage wiring and cabling.
5. Functional check of trip free and anti pump circuits.
6. Functional check of phase disagreement protection circuit
(applicable to breakers whose poles are not mechanically gang
operated).
7. Functional check of local control, alarm and indications.
8. Functional check of remote control, alarm and indications.
9. Minimum control voltage trip and close operation.
10. Functional check of breaker operation counter.
11. Functional check of thermostat and space heaters, and
measurement of heater current.
breaker open/closed positions).
13. Timing test using an electronic oscillograph.
15. For minimum oil circuit breakers, test insulating oil for dielectric ASTM D 877(with 2.5 mm gap)
strength.
16. For motor/spring operating mechanisms, measure spring
charge time and motor current.
17. For pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms:
a. Measure compressor/pump motor starting and running
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currents.
b. Verify electrically the low stored energy (fluid pressure)
alarm and lockout functions.
c. Functional check of the motor excessive running alarm
circuit.
18. Verify the electrical operation of the breaker racking truck.
Check the correct functioning of interlocks and limit switches.
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3.16 Outdoor Circuit Breakers


method).
4. Check all wiring is correct according to approved drawings and
that terminal connections are secure.
7. Check for correct breaker position indication (breaker
open/closed).
8. For SF6 breakers:
a. Check for correct SF6 pressure in each pole.
b. Check for gas leakage.
c. Calibrate SF6 pressure gauge.
d. Check operation of gas density switch (alarm and
lockout functions).
e. Check air and moisture content of SF6 gas in breaker.
9. For motor/spring operation mechanisms:
a. Check manual spring charge operation.
b. Verify correct spring status indication (spring
charged/discharged).
c. Perform all specific checks on the mechanism
10. For pneumatic operating mechanisms:
a. Check the compressor, air piping, valves, pressure
gauges, air filter, water trap and switches for damage
or defects.
b. Calibrate the air pressure gauges.
c. Check the setting of air pressure switches (compressor
d. Perform all specific checks on the compressed air
system according to the manufacturer‟s instructions.
e. Check for correct direction of compressor rotation.
f. Check air-charging time.
g. Check safety relief valve operating pressure and
resetting pressure.
h. Measure air consumption for C, O, CO and OCO
operations.
i. Air storage test, perform as specified, the following
without replenishment: 5X CO, or O + CO + 3min. +
CO
j. Air leakage test (pressure drop method over 24 hours,
11. For hydraulic operating mechanisms:
a. Check, the pump, piping, valves, gauges and switches
for damage/defects.
b. Calibrate the fluid pressure gauges.
c. Check for correct hydraulic fluid level in the reservoir.
d. Check the setting of air pressure switches (pump
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e. Perform all specific checks on the hydraulic system
f. Check for oil leaks
g. Check pump-up time.
h. Check safety relief valve operating and resetting
pressure.
i. Measure pressure drop for C, O, CO and OCO
operations.
j. Stored energy test – perform O + CO + 3min + CO
without replenishment.
k. Oil leakage test (pressure drop method over 24 hours,
l. Check operation of the nitrogen low pressure switch.

1. Measure resistance of main conducting circuits at 100 A DC.
2. Insulation resistance test of each breakers pole at 5 kV DC.
3. Insulation resistance test of all low voltage wiring and cabling.
5. Functional check of trip free and anti pump circuits.
6. Functional check of phase disagreement protection circuit
(applicable to breakers whose poles are not mechanically gang
operated).
7. Functional check of local control, alarm and indications.
8. Functional check of remote control, alarm and indications.
9. Minimum control voltage trip and close operation.
10. Functional check of breaker operation counter.
11. Functional check of thermostat and space heaters, and
measurement of heater current.
breaker open/closed positions).
13. Timing test using an electronic oscillograph.
15. For minimum oil circuit breakers, test insulating oil for dielectric ASTM D 877 (with 2.5 mm gap)
strength.
16. For bulk oil breakers:
a. Test insulating oil for dielectric strength and water
content.
i. ASTM D 877 (with 2.5 mm gap) – for dielectric
breakdown
ii. ASTM D 1533A – for water content.
b. Timing test using a time travel analyzer, measuring:
i. Contact stroke, wipe and simultaneity.
ii. Over travel and damping oscillations during
closing.
iii. Close and opening speeds.
iv. O, C, CO and OCO times.
17. For motor/spring operating mechanisms, measure spring
charge time and motor current.
18. For pneumatic or hydraulic mechanisms:
a. Measure compressor/pump motor starting and running
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currents.
b. Ensure that all air is bled from the hydraulic system.
c. Verify electrically the low stored energy (fluid pressure)
alarm and lockout functions.
d. Functional check of the motor excessive running time
alarm circuit.
19. AC HV test (applicable to SF6 breakers, if the tank is opened at
site, e.g., to install bushings.
20. Bushing current transformer test (applicable to dead tank
breakers)
21. Insulation and bushing power factor tests.
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3.17 Disconnect & Grounding Switches

3.17.1 MECHANICAL CHECK AND VISUAL INSPECTION.

1. Inspect for physical damage and defects.
2.
Check nameplate information for correctness.
3.
Check quality of galvanizing (if applicable).
5. Check smoothness and ease of operation (both closing and opening).
6. Check simultaneity and synchronism of all 3 poles during closing.
7. Check for proper contact, fingers spread and contact pressure in fully
closed position.
8. Check that end of travel stops are correctly adjusted, set and locked in
position.
9. Check open gap and minimum clearance between phases and to ground
Check switch opens more than 90 (for horizontally mounted vertical open
10.
disconnects).
11. Check switch drive linking toggled in both the closed and opened positions.
12. Check that switch can be pad locked in both the closed and opened
positions.
13. Check that all grounding is securely connected.
14. Check that switch-operating handle is grounded properly as specified.
15. Check mechanical interlocks (with grounding switches, CB’s, etc.).
16. Check that the operator‟s platform is of adequate size and is properly
grounded.
17. Check mechanical alignment and contact gap "if applicable"
3.17.2 ELECTRICAL TEST

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1. Measure resistance of main current path (terminal to terminal) at 100 A DC.
3. Check position-signaling contacts (if applicable).
For motor operating mechanisms:
a. Check mechanism cabinet grounded.
b. Check correct setting of motor limit switched
(open/close).
c. Check correct operation of all auxiliary “a” and “b”
contacts.
d. Measure switches opening and closing times and motor
current at rated voltage (for fast acting disconnects and
grounding switches perform a timing test with an
4. electronic oscillograph).
e. Minimum voltage operation (close and open) at 90 V
DC.
f. Functional check of thermostat and space heaters.
Measure heater current.
g. Insulation test all control and power wiring/cables at 500
V DC/
h. Check that in the manual mode, insertion of the
operating handle automatically disconnects the motor
DC supply.
For bus bar isolators, check carefully make and make before brake contact
5. function for auxiliary switch contacts used for CT switching schemes during open
close time test on Disconnectors main contacts.
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3.18 Circuit Switchers


1. Perform mechanical checks and inspection of isolating
disconnect, as per Section 3.17.1, above.
2. Perform mechanical checks and adjustments on interrupter unit
3. Check the low SF6 target at the interrupter units.
4. Check interrupter position indicator operation.

1. Resistance of main current path (terminal to terminal) at 100
Amps DC.
2. Functional check of all electrical interlocks.
3. Check position-signaling contacts (if applicable).
4. For motor operating mechanisms:
a. Check mechanism cabinet properly grounded.
b. Check correct setting of motor limit switched
(open/close).
c. Check correct operation of all auxiliary “a” and “b”
contacts.
d. Measure switch opening and closing times and motor
current at rated voltage (for fast acting disconnects and
grounding switches, perform a timing test with an
electronic oscillograph).
e. Minimum voltage operation (close and open) at 90V
DC.
f. Functional check of thermostat and space heaters.
Measure heater current.
g. Insulation test all control and power wiring/cables at
500V DC
h. Check that in the manual mode, insertion of the
operating handle automatically disconnects the motor
DC supply.
5. Check shunt trip device operation.
6. Verify proper operation sequence of interrupters and
disconnects.
7. Insulation power factor test of the interrupters.
8. Timing test of the interrupter contacts with electronic
oscillograph.
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3.19 LV Switchgear (110/220 V)

(Standard Reference Is IEC60947-2 and Relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
3.19.1 Mechanical Check and Visual Inspection

1. Main circuits Continuity Test for tightness of joints and bolts.
2. Main circuit insulation resistance measurement by 2.5kV Megger
or 2kV AC HV Test for one minute.
3. Phasing check.
4. Check & verify for all MCCBs ratings as per requirement.
5. Single pole Trip Test of all MCBs by current injection as per
manufacturers given curve.
6. All Ampere & Volt meter to be calibrated.
7. Insulation Test on all Secondary wiring & cables.
8. Tests on changeover schemes as per approved drawings if
applicable.
9. Confirm the neutral cable coming from auxiliary transformer is
grounded in LV distribution board.
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3.20 230kV and 380kV XLPE Cables

Test
Test Description REMARKS
No.
1 Inspect for physical damage or defects
2 Check tightness of all bolted connections (torque wrench method)
3 Check for proper cable bolted connections
4 Check for proper cable Support, clamping, trays, blocking.
Check cable bends to ensure that bending radius is equal to or greater than the
5 minimum bending radius specified
6 Link box tightness check
Verify that shields are terminated as specified (through link box or directly grounded)
7
Verification of exact route length as per approved drawings from termination to

8
termination.
Check that all grounding points are securely connected to ground grid as specified
9
10 Check that phases are identified and color coded
Single Core Cable connected between Power Transformer and SWGR shall be single
11 point earthed at SWGR side and at floating side SVL (sheath voltage limiter) should
be installed.
Check Single point or both ends, via voltage limiter as per approved design.
12
13 Check cable entry path trench as ducts are to be properly sealed.

For accessories (sealing terminations, instrument panels and link boxes), cheek the
following as applicable:
14 a. Nameplates installed and data is correct.
b. Condition of paint work
c. All bolted connections
15 Check irregularities of outer jacket formed by non uniform shield wire distribution.
3.20.2 Electrical Test

Test
No.
1 Phase checking for conductor & sheath bonding in every link box
2 Conductor resistance, Capacitance and inductance measurement test
Sheath DC high voltage test (10kV DC for 1 min.) and 5 kV DC

3
insulation tester before and after high voltage/ 24 hour Soaking test
4 Anti corrosion sheath test

5 Measure the ground resistance at all link box positions (< 2 Ω located
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inside substation and <10 Ω if located far from substation)
6 Zero and positive sequence impedance measurement
7 SVL (Sheath voltage Limiter)test By2.5kV DC insulation tester
8 Insulation resistance test of cable by 5kV DC

9 Cross – bonding verification test Sheath Current < 3 %
10 Contact resistance test on link boxes (less than 20 µΩ)
11 Metallic sheath continuity test (if applicable)
12 Cable profile test
AC High voltage test for all new cables, but if old portions are involved
then soaking for 24 hours at rated voltage. (For equipments/cables
13 For HV Test see table 2-1
projects, where old portion is involved, the decision to apply HV testing
shall be decided by Protection & Testing Division)
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3.21 230 kV and 380kV LPOF Cables
(Standard Reference is. IEC 60141-1 and relevant SEC Transmission. Specifications)
Test
No.
Check cable bends to ensure that bending radius is equal to or greater than the minimum
4
bending radius specified
5 Check for proper cable support, clamping, trays, Blocking.
6 Verify that shields are terminated as specified (through link box or directly grounded)
7
termination.
8 Check that all grounding points are securely connected to ground grid as specified
9 Pressure test of all associated oil piping
11 Single Core Cable connected between Power Transformer and Switchgear shall be
single point earthed at Switchgear side and at floating side SVL(sheath voltage limiter)
should be installed
12 Availability of oil sampling facility valve arrangement.
13 Check Single point or both ends, via voltage limiter as per approved design
15 Oil flow test
16 Impregnation test
17 RGP test / DGA test
For accessories (sealing terminations, pressure tank, gauges, instrument panels and link
boxes), check the following as applicable:
a. Nameplates installed and data is correct.
b. All valve positions according to design (open/closed).
18 c. Calibrate pressure gauges and pressure switches.
d. Oil pressure.
e. No oil leaks.
f. Condition of paint work
g. All bolted connections
(Standard Reference is. IEC 60141-1 and relevant SEC Transmission. Specifications)
Test
No.
1 Check Phasing for conductor & sheath bonding in every link box
Sheath DC high voltage test (10kV DC for 1 min.) and 5 kV DC insulation tester
3
before and after high voltage/24 hour soaking test
4 SVL (Sheath voltage Limiter)test by2.5kV DC insulation tester
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Measure the ground resistance at all link box positions ( less than 2 Ω for
6
location inside substation and <10 Ω for located far from substation )
8 Insulation resistance test for conductor
9 Cross – bonding verification test Sheath Current < 3 %
10 Contact resistance test on link boxes ( less than 20 µΩ )
11 Oil pressure gauge Function test
12 Shield continuity test
14 Insulation oil dielectric breakdown test and water content test.
15 Megger all alarm and control wiring
AC High voltage test for all new cables, but if old portions are involved then
soaking for 24 hours at rated voltage. (For equipments/cables projects, where old For HV Test see table
16
portion is involved, the decision to apply HV testing shall be decided by 2-1
Protection & Testing Division)
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3.22 110kV and 115kV and 132kV XLPE cables

(Standard Reference is IEC60840, and relevant SEC Transmission. Specifications)

Test No. Test Description REMARKS
1 Inspect for physical damage or defects.
Check cable bends to ensure that bending radius is equal to or greater than the
4
minimum bending radius specified
5 Check for proper cable support ,clamping ,trays Blocking
7 Verify that shields are terminated as specified (through link box or directly grounded)
8
termination.
9 Check that all grounding points are securely connected to ground grid as specified
Single Core Cable connected between Power Transformer and Switchgear shall be
11 single point earthed at Switchgear side and at floating side SVL(sheath voltage
limiter) should be installed
12 Check Single point or both ends, via voltage limiter as per approved design
13 Inspection of label inside link boxes and water proofing test
15 Check irregularities of outer jacket formed by non uniform shield wire distribution.
For accessories (sealing terminations, instrument panels and link boxes), cheek the
following as applicable:
16 a. Nameplates installed and data is correct.

(Standard Reference is IEC60840, and relevant SEC Transmission. Specifications)
Test No. Test Description REMARKS
1 Check Phasing for conductor and sheath bonding in every link box
2
insulation tester before and after high voltage/ 24 hour Soaking test
4 Conductor insulation resistance test
5 Cross – bonding verification test Sheath Current <3%
7 SVL (Sheath/surge voltage Limiter) test by 2.5kV DC insulation tester
Measure the ground resistance at all link box positions
8 ( <2 Ω for located inside substation and <10 Ω for located far from
substation )
AC High voltage test for all new cables, but if old portions are involved
then soaking for 24 hours at rated voltage. (For equipments/cables
13 For HV Test see table 2-1
projects, where old portion is involved, the decision to apply HV testing
shall be decided by Protection & Testing Division)
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3.23 110kV and 115kV and 132kV LPOF Cables

(Standard Reference is IEC60141-1, -2 -3, and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
Test
No.
1 Inspect for physical damage or defects.

4 Check for proper cable support, clamping ,trays, blocking
Check cable bends to ensure that bending radius is equal to or
5
greater than the minimum bending radius specified
Verify that shields are terminated as specified (through link box or
6
directly grounded)
Verification of exact route length as per approved drawings from
7
termination to termination.
Check that all grounding points are securely connected to ground
8
grid as specified
9 Pressure test of all associated oil piping
11 Single Core Cable connected between Power Transformer and
Switchgear shall be single point earthed at Switchgear side and at
floating side SVL (sheath voltage limiter) should be installed.
12 Availability of oil sampling facility valve arrangement.
13 Check Single point or both ends, via voltage limiter as per
approved design
14 Oil flow test
15 Impregnation test
16 RGP test / DGA test
18 For accessories (sealing terminations, pressure tank, gauges, instrument
panels and link boxes), cheek the following as applicable:
b. All valve positions according to design (open/closed).
c. Calibrate pressure gauges and pressure switches.
d. Oil pressure.
e. No oil leaks.
f. Condition of paint work
g. All bolted connections

(Standard Reference is IEC60141-1, -2 -3, and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
Test
No.
Check Phasing for conductor & sheath bonding in every link
1
box
2 insulation tester before and after high voltage/24 hour soaking
test
3 Conductor resistance, Capacitance and inductance measurement
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4 Conductor insulation resistance test
Sheath Current <
5 Cross – bonding verification test
3%
7 SVL (Sheath voltage Limiter) test by2.5kV DC insulation tester
8 Inspection of label inside link boxes and water proofing test
Measure the ground resistance at all link box positions ( less
9 than 2 Ω for location inside substation and <10 Ω for located far
from substation )
10 Contact resistance test on link boxes
11 Oil pressure gauge Function test.
12 Shield continuity test
13 Megger all alarm and control wiring
16 Insulation oil dielectric breakdown test and water content test.
AC High voltage test for all new cables, but if old portions are
involved then soaking for 24 hours at rated voltage. (For
For HV Test see
17 equipments/cables projects, where old portion is involved, the
table 2-1
decision to apply HV testing shall be decided by Protection &
Testing Division)
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3.24 69 kV XLPE power Cables

(Standard Reference is. IEC 60840 and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
Test REMAR
Test Description
No. KS
Check tightness of all bolted connections (torque wrench
2
method)
Check cable bends to ensure that bending radius is equal to or
4
greater than the minimum bending radius specified
5 Check for proper cable support ,clamping ,trays, blocking
Verify that shields are terminated as specified (through link
7
box or directly grounded)
Verification of exact route length as per approved drawings
8
from termination to termination.
Check that all grounding points are securely connected to
9
ground grid as specified
11 Single Core Cable connected between Power Transformer and
Switchgear shall be single point earthed at Switchgear side and
at floating side SVL(sheath voltage limiter) should be installed
12 Check Single point or both ends, via voltage limiter as per
approved design
13 Check cable entry path trench as ducts are to be properly sealed
14 Check irregularities of outer jacket formed by non uniform
shield wire distribution.
15 For accessories (sealing terminations, instrument panels and
link boxes), check the following as applicable.

(Standard Reference is. IEC 60840 and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)
Test
No.
Check Phasing for conductor and sheath bonding in every

1
link box
Conductor resistance, Capacitance and inductance
2
measurement test
SVL(sheath voltage limiter)test By 2.5kv DC insulation
3
tester
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Measure the ground resistance at all link box positions
5 ( <2 Ω for located inside substation and <10 Ω for located
far from substation )
7 Insulation resistance test for conductor
Sheath DC high voltage test (10kV DC for 1 min.) and 5
8 kV DC insulation tester before and after high voltage/ 24
hour Soaking test
9 Cross – bonding verification test Sheath Current <3%
AC High voltage test for all new cables, but if old portions
are involved then soaking for 24 hours at rated voltage.
For HV Test see
13 (For equipments/cables projects, where old portion is
table 2-1
involved, the decision to apply HV testing shall be decided
by Protection & Testing Division)
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3.25 13.8 kV and 33 kV XLPE Power Cables

1. Inspect for physical damage or defects. Check irregularities of
outer jacket caused by non-uniform shield wire distribution.
2. Verify all cable connections as per drawing.
3. Check for proper cable support, clamping, trays, blocking.
4. Check cable bends to ensure that the bending radius is equal to
or greater than the minimum bending radius specified.
5. Verify shield grounding as per design (single point, both ends,
via voltage limiters, etc.
method).
7. Single core cable connected between power transformer and
switchgear shall be single point earthed at switchgear side and
at floating side SVL (sheath voltage limiter) should be installed.
8. Check that phases are identified and color coded.
9. Check cable entry path trench as ducts are to be properly
sealed.
10. Verification of exact route length as per approved drawings from
11. Check for proper cable arrangement in the path (RYB) in order
to prevent circulating current.

1. Sheath armor continuity test.
2. Sheath insulation resistance test. IR for sheath > 10 megohms
3. Main conductors insulation resistance test (5KV DC insulation
tester) before and after HV Test.
4. Phasing and continuity test of main conductor
5. AC- high voltage test
a. For new XLPE power cables, AC HV test voltages
should be applied up to 2 Uo for one hour or by VLF at
0.1 Hz at test voltage level of 3 Uo for one hour can be
performed.
b. For mixed new and old cables, the test voltage shall
depend upon the service life of the old cable.
c. At least It should be tested at normal working voltage
phase to neutral (Uo).
d. Mixed new and old cables should not be tested by DC
test voltage at any condition except by AC or VLF
methods.
e. Where cables are connected to switchgear, the AC HV
test time should be reduced to 5 minutes. One hour
test applies if the cables are fully isolated.
f. Uo for all the applied tests is equal to phase to neutral
voltage.
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3.26 LV Cables

2. Check for proper cable support, clamping, trays, blocking.
3. Verify all cable connections as per approved drawing.
4. Verify that all cables and cores are labeled correctly.
5. Check tightness of terminals and confirm the cables are
secured.
6. Check that all cable trays are secure and correctly grounded.
7. Check cable entry path trench as ducts are to be properly
sealed.
8. Visual Insulation, size and rating confirmation.
9. Check cable size against rating required.

1. Phasing and continuity check.
2. AC HV Test at 2 kV 60 Hz for 1 minute between core to core
and core to grounded armor.
3. Insulation Resistance Test with 2.5 kV DC insulation tester.
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3.27 Control Cable


1. Inspect for physical damage/defects.
4. Check for proper cable duct, support, clamping, trays, blocking.
5. Check tightness of terminals, ferrule numbering and confirm the
cables are secured.
7. Check all cables are securely supported throughout.
8. Visual inspection, size and rating confirmation.
9. Size checking against rating required.

1. Phasing and continuity check.
2. Insulation Resistance Test with 1 kV DC insulation tester. IR > 100 Megohms
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3.28 Pilot Cables


4. Check for proper cable support, clamping, trays, blocking, etc.
5. Check tightness of terminals, ferrules, wiring identification and
confirm the cables are secured.
7. Check all cables are securely supported throughout.
8. Visual inspection, size and rating confirmation.
9. Size checking against rating required.
10. Verification of exact route length as per approved drawings from

1. Conductor loop resistance test for all pairs.
2. Core Identification for each core between two ends.
3. Insulation Resistance for sheath armor to ground by 500V DC IR > 10 megohms
insulation tester for each section before jointing.
4. Insulation Resistance for sheath armor to ground with a 500 V IR > 10 megohms
DC insulation tester after all joints are completed and before
termination in the pilot boxes (if applicable).
5. Capacitance measurement for all cores.
6. Insulation resistance test between core to core and core to IR > 1000 megohms
ground with a 5 kV DC insulation tester.
7. Frequency response test.
8. End to end terminal and pair matching.
9. Noise Level Measurement.
10. Cross-talk and coupling test between pairs.
11. High voltage test for protection and control core by 15 kV DC for
1 minute.
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Test Voltage Levels for High Voltage Power Cables
SYSTEM RATED PRE-COMMISSIONING SITE TIME PERIOD

VOLTAGE (KV) TEST LEVEL (MINUTES)
2Uo = 16 kV AC 60
13.8 kV XLPE
or
POWER CABLES
VLF test level = 3Uo = 24 kV 60
2Uo = 38 kV AC 60
33 kV XLPE
or
POWER CABLES
2Uo = 80 kV AC 60
69 kV XLPE
or
POWER CABLES
110/115 kV XLPE/LPOF
2Uo = 128 kV AC 60
POWER CABLES
132 kV XLPE/LPOF
2Uo = 152 kV AC 60
POWER CABLES
230 kV XLPE/LPOF
2Uo = 265 kV AC 60
POWER CABLES
380 kV XLPE/LPOF
2Uo = 438 kV AC 60
POWER CABLE
REFERENCES
AC HV Test: Recommendation by KEMA Research Laboratory (Netherlands).

VLF Test: Recommendation by High Voltage Corporation (USA) and Seba-Dynatronic (GERMANY)
as a Manufacturer of VLF Test Sets.
Test Voltage levels for LV Cables, Control Cable and Pilot Cables
SYSTEM RATED PRE-COMMISSIONING SITE TIME PERIOD

VOLTAGE (KV) TEST LEVEL (MINUTES)
LV Cables 2.5 kV DC Insulation Tester 1
- Insulation Resistance Test by 5 KV

Pilot Cable Core to Core and Cores
DC Insulation Tester
to Sheath Test 1
Protection and Control Core
IR > 1000 megohms
If IR < 1000 megohms, perform the

Pilot Cable Core to Core and Cores following test :
to Sheath Test 10 kV DC between core to core of the 1
Protection and Control Core pairs and 15 kV DC between all
cores to grounded armor
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3.29 Overhead Lines

3.29.1 Mechanical check and Visual inspection

Inspect that the access roads and structure pads are to
1 specification (locations, widths, depth of base, cover material
properly compacted, etc.)
Check that sand stabilization has been done per specification (if
2
applicable).
Check the right of way to ensure that there is no construction or
3
agricultural encroachment.
Check that the ground profile allows water to run-off away from
4
the structures.
Check that grounding connection is made properly with steel
structure and protective coating is applied on the concrete cap (if
5
specified). There shall be no cracks, and the concrete cap shall
slope away from the stub angle.
Check that crash barrier and/or flood protection are being done
6
as per specification (if applicable).
For wooden pole structures, ensure that poles‟ type and size are
the correct specification and have been installed correctly (depth
7
and plumb). Ensure that the depth indication tags are on each
pole.
For wooden pole structures, check structure guy wire, cross
8
braces, and other framing work are being done correctly.
Check that all wood structures have been identified correctly and
9 that the identification plates are to specification. For double
circuit structures, ensure that each circuit is correctly identified.
For steel structures, ensure that type is as per specification /
10
drawings.
11 Check galvanizing quality and thickness (rust is not acceptable).
12 Check bolts‟ types and tightness (torque wrench method).
13 Ensure anti-climbing guards are correctly installed (if applicable).
14 Check step bolt tightness.
For porcelain insulators, check insulators for chips, cracks, etc.
15 Ensure correct number of insulators have been installed in each
string. Ensure that cotter keys have been properly installed.
For composite insulators, perform close elevated inspection on
each structure to check that the insulator sheaths and sheds are
16
not cracked, damaged, torn. The rod should not be exposed at
any of its location.
Check that all line hardware (insulator, corona rings, vibration
dampers, spacers, conductor clamps, warning spheres, warning
17 lights, armor rods, counter weights, flag socket/keys etc..) are
installed correctly and in correct locations as per specification
and drawings.
Make sure that the insulators are clean and line is safe to be
18
energized.
Check that all splices are correct and installed in correct span
19
locations.
Check that all jumpers are installed correctly. Make sure of
20 correct clearance between jumper and structure as well as with
other phases.
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Check that overhead shield wire / OBGW and associated joint
21
box are grounded to towers as specified.
Ensure that sags for phase and overhead ground conductors are
22
even and to specification.
Check that ground clearances are meeting company
23
standards.
Check circuit / phase identification plates, structure number,
24 danger sign plate, etc. have been correctly installed at each
structure.
Check line / phase correctly transposed at the specified locations
25 (if applicable).
Check that washing platform and pumping system has been
26 installed as per specification (if applicable).
27 Check solar unit for tower lighting with cable (if applicable).
For terminal compound, check the following, if available, as per
contract:
Outdoor equipment such as surge arresters, CVT‟s, etc.
Equipment structure
Foundation
28
Bonding of equipment / structures
Gravelling inside terminal compound
Circuit identification
Conductor dropper and connectors
Fence and gate are complete and grounded.
Ensure that the site has been properly cleaned up and all
29
earthwork profiles are correct before acceptance.

1 Perform phase sequence / rotation check.
Perform sequence impedance and susceptances tests and
2 mutual impedances (both zero and positive sequence for double
circuits lines
3 Check tower foot earth resistance as per company standards.
Check the aircraft warning lights are properly functioning (if
4
applicable).
5 Perform continuity and conductivity test
6 Perform Phase conductor insulation resistance test.
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3.30 Protection and Control

(Standard Reference is SEC Transmission Standard Procedures and relevant Manufacturer‟s Recommendations)
3.30.1 Protection and Control Panels-Mechanical Checks and Visual Inspections

1. Inspect for defects and physical damage from shipping and
handling.
2. Prior to opening any case or panel, confirm that the equipment
will not be contaminated by dust, excessive humidity or other
pollutants.
3. Ensure that there is no foreign material, moisture, dust, etc.,
inside panels and device cases.
4. Check all installed equipment nameplate information for
compliance to approved drawings and equipment/material lists.
5. Ensure that all relays, relay covers, meters, controls and test
facilities are properly identified as per the approved drawings
and relevant SEC standards and that the identification does not
obscure information displays.
6. Ensure the mimic bus provides an accurate representation and
that all switchgear identification is accurate and as assigned by
Systems Operations Department.
7. Confirm that each panel has been properly secured to the floor
in its final service location.
8. Confirm that panels are constructed and wired as per SEC
relevant specification.
9. For all internal and external panel wiring, confirm that all screw
terminations are tight and that crimp connectors are firmly
secured to the wire and to the termination point. Ensure that no
part of the wire is bent at the termination point.
10. Check that panel equipment is mounted securely and protected
against mal operation due to vibration, shock, etc.
3.30.2 Internal Panel Wiring Tests

1. Wiring Test / Confirmation
a. The equipment is safe to work on and free of
construction activities.
b. Ensure that the approved drawings, relevant
specification, protection requirement, manufacturer‟s
manuals, factory test results, site test procedures, etc.,
are available at site.
c. All necessary tools and equipment with their valid
calibration certificates are available.
d. Stable auxiliary power supplies at the rated voltages
are available.
e. Prior to conducting panel checks, open all supply
breakers, remove all fuses and ensure that all DC
(including alarm, SOE, SCADA, etc.), AC, VT and CT
circuits are properly isolated.
f. Confirm all DC circuits are ungrounded.
g. Check CT and VT circuits to confirm the presence of a
ground. Temporarily isolate the ground point on each
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circuit individually and retest to confirm that each CT
and VT circuit is grounded at a single point.
h. Check the burden of each DC circuit with an ohmmeter
to confirm absence of short circuits.
i. Check auxiliary power supply polarity and magnitude at
the supply side of all circuit breakers/fuses to be
correct as per schematics and relay/meter ratings.
j. All wiring including CT, VT, AC, control, alarm and
earthing shall be confirmed terminal to terminal and
wire by wire using an ohmmeter.
k. Operate all switches and relay contacts confirming
connection terminal numbers and contact status using
an ohmmeter.
l. Confirmed wiring is to be highlighted in yellow on the
schematic diagram. Corrections/changes in the
schematics shall be marked up using red pencil for
additions and green for deletions.
m. For all MCBs, confirm ratings as per approved
drawings; operate several times by hand. Inject 150%
of rated current and record the timing for trip operation.
n. Confirm that each internal and external wire is properly
ferruled at termination points.
2. CT Circuit Confirmation
a. Inject AC current at about 50% of the rated current into
one phase to neutral of the current circuit at the
incoming CT cable connection using a suitable meter
and isolated current source (for each phase of each
current circuit).
b. At each current test facility, confirm current flow and
polarity in the subject phase and neutral as appropriate
and according to the approved schematics. Confirm
no current in the other two phases.
c. Withdraw each relay in the current circuit one at a time
and confirm that the case shorting facility is working
and that at no time during its withdraw is the current
circuit opened. Check test facility shorting and
isolating devices for proper operation.
d. Confirm current flow in the relay by opening the case
shorting manually and confirming the meter to read
zero.
e. Confirm that any phase selector switch for metering is
connected in the correct phase being tested. (for each
phase of each current circuit).
3. VT Circuit Confirmation
a. Connect a fused or current limited adjustable three
phase, four wire voltage source to the VT circuit and
slowly increase the voltage to the rated value.
b. Using a voltmeter and phase angle meter, confirm the
phase angle and magnitude at each terminal in the
voltage circuit according to the approved schematics.
c. Check total burden per phase to conform to expected
loading as per connected relay/metering specifications.
d. Confirm that any phase selector switch for metering is
connected in the correct phase being tested for each
phase of each current circuit.
4. DC Circuit Confirmation
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a. Withdraw all removable relays and meters from the
panel.
b. Apply normal DC supply (insert fuses/close breaker) to
the circuit and use a DC voltmeter to confirm all direct
connections to the positive and negative supply
between the fuse/breaker and the device terminals are
made correctly. Confirm power supply at each
relay/meter case terminals is correct.
c. Disable the DC supply and reinstall the relays and
meters in the panel. Restore the DC supply.
d. Test the panel by operating (or simulating operation for
external devices) each switch/coil/contact separately
while monitoring correct circuit operation. Use a
voltmeter to confirm DC voltages at progressive
locations in the panel wiring. Proceed in such a way
as to confirm that each contact operates only the
intended devices in the panel. Confirm all contacts of
control switches/relays including spares.
3.30.3 External Panel Wiring and Cable Tests
Cable testing requires at least two personnel with a means of communication between
the cable/wiring ends. Spare cores shall be clearly identified and of sufficient length to be
terminated at the farthest terminal in the panel.
CAUTION: Before conducting any external wiring or cable tests, ensure that all sources
of supply to the circuits involved have been de-energized or disconnected.

1. Continuity Checks
Cables and external wiring insulation shall be tested as for
panel internal wiring, Section 3.30.2. All control cables shall be
tested using a low ohms reading ohmmeter to check each wire
separately to ground (CT and VT circuits must have their
normal grounding point isolated during this test). The
technician at one end shall ground one core at a time in
communication with the technician at the other end who shall
use an ohmmeter to monitor the cores.
2. CT Cable Checks
A final check of each CT circuit shall be conducted by current
injection at the source end while measuring magnitude and
phase angle in the downstream circuit test facilities.
3. VT Cable Checks
A final check of each VT circuit shall be conducted by voltage
injection at the source end while measuring magnitude and
phase angle in the downstream circuit test facilities.
3.30.4 Panel Device Tests

1. Each panel device shall be mechanically inspected prior to
testing.
CAUTION: When working with electronic devices, never
remove modules with the DC supply energized. Use
precautions to prevent static discharge damage to the modules.
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Grounded wrist strap, anti-static work surface and electrically
conductive storage bags should be used.
a. Check condition of internal wiring and solder joints.
b. Case cover and gasket for proper seal against dust.
c. Condition of any connectors, contacts, alignment and
travel.
d. Operation of moving parts, mechanical target
operation and reset.
2. Relay Tests
Relay tests shall be conducted in accordance with the approved
site test procedure. Additional tests may be required as
recommended by the manufacturer, by Company Standard or
as deemed necessary by the Company from operational
experience.
a. 500 V insulation tests shall be conducted between the
AC circuits and from AC circuits to the relay frame. All
outputs/indications shall be tested.
b. For electromechanical relays, the DC circuits shall be
insulation tested to AC circuits and to the frame of the
relay.
c. Initial tests of new protective relays shall include
operating characteristics checks for a representative
range of available settings with Company approved
computer operated test equipment running routines
developed for the specific relay and test set involved.
d. Relay auxiliary devices such as external resistors,
metrosils, etc., to be tested to conform to required
ratings and manufacturer‟s information.
e. Proper electrical operation of targets/indicators shall be
confirmed.
f. Final calibration test of all protective relays must be
carried out on approved settings with the relays
mounted in their cases, by secondary injection at the
front panel mounted test facilities.
g. Auxiliary and tripping relay testing shall include:
i. Insulation testing as above.
ii. Pickup and dropout voltage, verification of all
contacts.
iii. Operation timing at 80% and 100% nominal
voltage.
iv. Time delay relays shall be tested at 0%, set
point and 100% delay.
h. Use of red and green tags for tested relays, meters,
etc.
i. All the relays and meters which have been tested and
found acceptable shall have green tags.
j. The relays and meters found defective during tests
shall be tagged red.
3. Metering Tests
Panel metering calibration shall be tested via front panel
mounted test facilities. The following represent the minimum
test points required.
a. Maximum demand indicator (MDI) meters shall be
tested at 10% and 100% of full scale.
b. Current and voltage metering and transducers
calibration shall be tested at 0, 25, 50 and 100% of
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scale.
c. Watt and VAR metering and transducer calibration
shall be tested at (+/- when bi-directional) 0, 25, 50 and
100% of rated load and with rated voltage and current
at angles of 0, 45,180, 270 and 315 degrees.
d. KWH and KVARH metering calibration shall be tested
at 10% and 100% of rated current at angles of 0, 45,
90, 180, 225, 270 and 315 degrees.
e. Frequency metering and transducers calibration shall
be tested at minimum, nominal, and maximum rated
scale.
f. Power Factor metering and transducer calibration shall
be tested at rated voltage and at 50% lead, unity, 50%
lag power factors at 10, 50 and 100% of rated current.
g. Tap position indicators shall be checked and confirmed
for the entire range of transformer tap positions.
4. Annunciator Tests
a. Confirm dual supply operation by disabling primary and
backup supplies one at a time.
b. Confirm operation of Acknowledge, Reset and Lamp
Test push buttons.
i. Alarm indication lamp flashes on receipt of
alarm.
ii. Pressing Acknowledge does not reset the
alarm points.
iii. Alarm does not reset until Reset is pressed.
c. Confirm Annunciator Failure alarm to SCADA.
d. Check operation of each alarm point one at a time by
simulating input at the marshalling panel.
e. Confirm individual alarm identification for each point
during functional testing of remote panels‟ output
contacts.
5. Digital Disturbance (DDR) Tests
a. DDR shall be inspected and calibrated as
recommended by the manufacturer.
b. Calibration of voltage and current channels shall be
confirmed by secondary injection.
c. Each digital input shall be confirmed by operation of
the associated auxiliary contact in the remote panel.
d. Program and electrically confirm trigger levels and
initiating contacts.
e. All alarm/SOE/SCADA outputs shall be tested and
confirmed.
f. Verify accuracy of all channel descriptions.
g. Verify operation to the local printer if available.
h. Verify proper communication and software
i. Update/installation at all concerned locations by
establishing communications with each unit and
downloading event data.
3.30.5 Functional Checks

1. Test to Local Auxiliaries
With all tripping isolating switches opened, operate the
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protective relays by secondary injection to test all functions to
the panel auxiliaries. Check and confirm correct operation of all
trip, alarm, SOE and SCADA auxiliaries in the panel as well as
initiation outputs to DFR, breaker failure, etc.
2. End To End Tests
Communications with the test crew at the remote end are
essential to this test. Where protection signaling equipment
(PSE) is used in the scheme, end to end tests shall be
conducted to confirm operation of each channel individually to
the correct remote tripping/protection inputs in coordination with
personnel at the remote end. Round trip channel delay should
be checked and recorded. Pilot Differential Protection shall be
end to end tested as recommended by the manufacturer.
3. Test to Remote Functions
Individually operate each control switch, protection output trip,
initiation and alarm function with the associated isolating switch
(if available) first in the open position and then in the closed
position to prove the switch connection. Take care to limit
tripping when testing to transfer tripping or breaker failure
protection prior to initiating. Where no physical or visual
indication of the signal is available, use a multimeter to monitor
the received signal at the appropriate terminals of the remote
panel or equipment. Interlocks such as close blocking from
lockouts shall also be proven. Testing shall include all
reclosing, initiation, trip, SCADA, SOE, annunciator and fault
recorder outputs from the panel to actuate the associated
remote devices.
4. Primary Injection
Phase and ratio connection of CT and VT circuits shall be
confirmed by primary injection and checked to the panel test
facilities.
5. Stability Tests
Stability of bus bar, transformer differential protection and
restricted E/F protection circuits shall be confirmed by injecting
current on the primary bus and simulating first internal and then
external fault conditions while monitoring spill current at the
protective relay.
6. Remote Tap Change Control (RTCC)
a. Selection of Independent, Master/Follower, Auto,
Manual from RTCC local pushbuttons and from
SCADA.
b. Raise and lower operation of the tap changer in
Independent/Manual from both the RTCC control
pushbuttons and from SCADA.
c. Raise and lower operation of the tap changer in
Master-Follower for each possible combination of
paralleled transformers, in Manual mode from both the
RTCC control pushbuttons and from SCADA.
d. Raise and lower operation of the tap changer from the
AVR relay in Independent/Auto and Master/Auto both
when the RTCC is in Local and in SCADA control
modes.
e. Check of blocking and reset of operating modes when
breakers are opened or paralleling is disturbed.
f. Operation of all alarm, SCADA and SOE outputs from
the panel and control panel.
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7. Automatic control switching equipment panel Applicable in Central Region
a. Check the proper scheme for automatic closing of third
transformer 13.8 kV incomer circuit breaker in case of
tripping of any transformer in service.
b. Check all alarms, command and back indication of the
system with SCADA.
8. Trip On Parallel scheme Applicable in Central Region
a. Check the manual tripping of one circuit breaker and
selection of the circuit breaker to be closed and in time
of tripping of that selected circuit breaker the fifth circuit
breaker will closed accordingly (13.8 kV three
transformers and two bus section circuit breakers).
b. Check all alarms, command and back indication of the
scheme to SCADA.
9. Automatic Bus Transfer Scheme (ABTS) Panel
a. Operation in service for tripping of each transformer
individually when paralleled with a second transformer
to demonstrate automatic paralleling of the third
transformer. If possible, offload one bus at a time so
that it is possible to prove operation for loss of the
independent transformer without loss of customer load.
b. Prove that protection blocking interlocks (bus
differential, transformer high side time overcurrent etc.)
prevent operation of the ABTS.
c. Prove scheme for opening of bus section breaker to
break parallel of three transformers is functioning.
d. Test blocking and forced operation of the RTCC by the
ABTS.
e. Operation of all alarm, SCADA and SOE outputs from
the panel.
10. Automatic Transfer Schemes (ATS)
a. Confirm proper operation of station service (AC and
DC) automatic transfer schemes by simulating incomer
failures.
b. Confirm operation of interlocks to prevent/limit
paralleling of incomer sources as per approved
scheme.
c. Test automatic and manual controls for all possible
operating conditions.
11. Switchgear Control Panel Functional Tests
a. Checks of all interlocking and blocking functions (synch
check, lockout block closing, ground switch, etc.)
b. Tests of open and close operation and indication of the
associated switchgear.
c. Operation of all alarms, SCADA and SOE outputs from
the panel.
3.30.6 Energization

1. First Time Energization Testing-Checks Prior to Energization
a. All in service CT circuit shorting is removed.
b. All VT circuits MCBs closed, fuses in place.
c. All supplies to protection, control, switchgear, etc., are
normal.
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d. No abnormal relay targets, alarms, SCADA SOE
indications.
e. All relays have approved settings applied and have
been fully tested and are in service.
f. All alarm relay settings are finalized and the relays are
locked.
g. Relays that have a backup battery for memory storage
have their batteries installed and the temporary battery
covers removed.
h. All switchgear and other power equipment testing is
completed.
i. All protection equipment is properly labeled.
j. All fire/smoke alarm systems are fully tested and in
service.
k. All necessary fire fighting equipment is on site and
accessible without obstruction.
l. Confirm all men and tools are clear of equipment to be
energized and that all personnel are aware of the
pending energization.
2. Phasing Checks
Before paralleling two sources, phasing shall be absolutely
proven by selectively energizing a common three phase VT
set from the two sources one at a time and checking the
phasing (voltage and phase angle) of the VT set to a
reference potential whose source shall remain unchanged for
the duration of the test.
For example, if one new incoming line to an existing station
is to be energized, use the existing incoming line „A‟ phase to
neutral potential as a reference and measure and record the
new line VT secondary three phase voltage and phase
angles when energized from the remote end only. Then after
opening the remote end of the new line, energize the new
line from the local station only and repeat the voltage and
phase angle measurements, the results of the two tests
should be identical (within a few degrees) if phasing is
correct. Where possible, phasing sticks can be used.
3. In Service Checks
a. Immediately after energization, in-service/on-load
checks should be taken and recorded by measuring
the magnitude and phase of all voltage and current
circuits to a common reference at all of the test points
available to prove VT and CT connection, ratio and
polarity.
b. Check and record all panel meter readings to compare
with CT/VT measurements in the control circuits.
c. As soon as sufficient load is available, all directional
and distance type relays shall have their operating
direction proven using in service voltages and currents.
d. Directional earth fault relays shall be proven by
selectively isolating in service voltages and currents to
provide a range of simulated fault conditions.
e. For REF and bus differential relays, check to ensure
minimal spill currents in service. Test the differential
circuit by isolating one service current from the
summation to force operation and prove the
summation circuit is not shorted.
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f. For transformer differential circuits, check spill currents
and minimum, center and maximum transformer taps.
Spill current at minimum and maximum taps should be
similar with near zero spill current on the center tap
position if the auxiliary CTs are selected to the correct
tap.
g. Check transformer AVR operation in independent and
parallel modes as applicable. Manually raise (lower)
the transformer(s) two taps and place them back in
AUTO to observe the automatic return to the correct
voltage tap. Confirm operation from SCADA and in all
possible operating modes.
h. Functionally test the ABTS scheme by operating
transformer protection to trip the breakers and initiate
the system.
i. Check in service reclosing for OHTL circuits by
operating the protection to initiate trip and reclose.
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3.31 Station Batteries

(Standard Reference is IEC 60623, clause 4 and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)

2. Check nameplate information for correctness as per standards.
3. Check tightness of all external wiring and cabling connections.
4. Verify all panel mounted devices (meters, switches, push
buttons, indicator lamps, etc.) are supplied and installed
according to approved drawings.
5. Make sure all battery connections are clean and free from
corrosion.
6. Verify system configuration and capacity with contract
specification.
7. Check that all cells are properly numbered.
8. Check protective covers installed.
9. Check that all battery maintenance tools and accessories
(hydrometer, wall mounted thermometer, insulated torque
wrench, rubber gloves, apron, face shield) have been provided
per specifications. Ensure that all maintenance equipment is
stored in a wall mounted lockable cabinet.
10. Check that the room ventilation, exhaust fan, etc., are to
specification.
11. Check installation of safety equipment (eyewash, showers, ”No
smoking “and “Warning Caustic/Acid” signs).
12. For flooded lead acid batteries, check for correct specific gravity
and liquid level.
13. Check that all battery racks are correctly and securely
grounded.
14. Check that the battery bank is provided with an isolating
disconnect switch.
15. Check that the Valve Regulated Lead Acid (VRLA) battery bank
has an ammeter provided for monitoring the float charge
current.

1. For valve Regulated lead Acid Batteries, check the open circuit
voltage of each cell.
2. Perform initial charging of the battery (equalize voltage,
charging rate and charging time according to the manufacturer‟s
instructions).
3. Record individual cell voltage electrolyte specific gravity and cell
temperatures at the end of charge cycle.
4. Battery discharge test: Room temperature shall be
a. The battery must not have been discharged within last between 25 and 30 °C.
7 days before test is performed.
b. While battery on float, read and record he voltage of
each cell or unit and battery terminals float voltage.
c. Disconnect the battery charger and any other load on
the battery.
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d. Record the initial voltage of each unit and battery
terminals.
e. Select the discharge rate based upon the battery
capacity (ampere-hour) and the time period the test
shall be carried out for 10 hours.
f. With the variable load bank (dummy load) with an
ammeter in series and a voltmeter across the battery
terminals, connect the load while simultaneously
starting the timing device.
g. Maintain the correct current while periodically reading
and recording total battery voltage. After 10 hours
record the final unit voltage and compare the test result
with the manufacturer‟s recommended voltage chart to
confirm the battery end voltage.
5. Fully recharge the battery according to the manufacturer‟s
instructions.
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3.32 Battery Charger

(Standard Reference Is IEC 60623, Clause 4, and Relevant SEC Transmission Specifications.)
1. Inspect for physical damage or defects

2. Check nameplate information for correctness as per standards
Check tightness of all external wiring and cabling connections,
3.
labeling, drawing pocket shall be checked
Verify all panel mounted devices (meters, switches, push buttons,
4. indicator lamps, fuses etc.) are supplied and installed according to
approved drawings
It shall be ensured that harmonics due to SCR (Silicon Controlled
5. Rectifier) communications are not reflected back into the AC power
system ( if applicable)
6. Check that all Alarm relays shall be auto-rest.
1. Insulation test for all external wiring.

Battery charger test by simulation of variable load to check for
2.
correct charger current output response to different values of load
Check the adjustment range of output float and equalize voltage.
3. Note that the adjustment of float and equalize voltage should be
independent of each other
Functional check of the following:
a. High and low output voltages alarm/shutdown
b. Ground monitoring/ground detector for +ve and –ve alarms
c. All other protective alarm /shutdown
d. All devices (switches, push buttons, timers, indicating lamps,
4. etc.)
e. Current limits
f. Soft start
g. Impedance monitors (if applicable)
h. Silicon droppers (if applicable)
5. Check output voltage ripple content (battery disconnected)

6. Check regulation at 0%, 50 % and 100 % of full load
Measure AC input and DC output voltages and currents and
7.
calculate efficiency at 50% and 100% of rated output current
8. Calibrate voltmeters and ammeters
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If applicable measure the following and verify that they are
compatible with and meet the requirements of the communications
9. equipment:
 Voice band noise voltage
 Wideband noise voltage
10. Check load sharing operation for parallel chargers
Ensure that the settings of adjusted control, shutdown, alarm voltage,
11. etc. have been reset to the final operational values as specified bye
SEC
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3.33 AC Distribution Panels

Inspect for physical damage or defects including of quality of paint
1.
work
2. Verify circuits layout for conformance with breaker directory drawing
Inspect and verify ACDB Rating Plate, check bus-bar rating, short
3. o
circuit withstand current & main MCCBs rating at 55 C.
4. Verify correct rating of each circuit breaker per design drawings
5. Check tightness of all bolted connections
Verify that all front panel mounted devices (meters, selector
6. switches, push buttons, timers, indication lamps, etc.) are installed
per layout drawing and are correctly labeled
7. Check for proper grounding connection (torque wrench method)

1. Insulation test of all buses and wirings
2. Phasing check
3. Functional check of main power contactor (or breaker)
4. Functional check of each branch breaker
5. Calibrate voltmeters, ammeters and wattcmeters
6. Functional check of meters and phase selector switches

Functional check of all auxiliary devices including individual, group
7.
and main circuit breaker alarms
8. Functional check of under voltage protection/alarm circuits
9. Functional check of ground fault circuit interrupter (if applicable)
10. Check all MCBs for their ratings and alarms.
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3.34 DC Distribution Panels
Inspect for physical damage or defects including of quality of paint

1.
work
2. Verify circuits layout for conformance with breaker directory drawing
Inspect and verify DCDB Rating Plate, check bus-bar rating, short
3. o
circuit withstand current & main MCCBs rating at 55 C.
4. Verify correct rating of each circuit breaker per design drawings
5. Check tightness of all bolted connections
Verify that all front panel mounted devices (meters, selector
6. switches, push buttons, timers, indication lamps, etc.) are installed
per layout drawing and are correctly labeled
7. Check for proper grounding connection (torque wrench method)

1. Insulation test for all busses and wirings
2. Polarity check
3. Functional check of main breaker
4. Functional check of each branch breaker
5. Calibrate voltmeters, ammeters and wattcmeters
6. Functional check of meters and phase selector switches
Functional check of all auxiliary devices including individual, group and
7.
main circuit breaker alarms
8. Functional check of under voltage protection/alarm circuits
9. Functional check of DC transfer switches and interlocks
Functional check of positive and/or negative ground alarm (calibrate
10. resistors for proper detection sensitivity earth fault relay setting shall be
checked )
11. Check all MCBs for their ratings and alarms
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3.35 LV AC Auto-Transfer Schemes/Switches

2. Check that all front panel mounted devices are supplied and
arranged according to approved drawings.
3. Check that all devices and cables are properly identified and
labeled.
method).
5. Check that all grounding is correct and securely connected
(including neutral bus).
6. Check mechanical/electrical interlocks.

1. Phasing check of incomers and transfer switch connections.
2. Calibrate under voltage relays and time delays.
3. Calibrate voltmeter and ammeters.
4. Functional check of meters and selector switches.
5. Functional check of electrical and mechanical interlocks.
6. Functional check of preferred source selector switch.
7. Check transfer motor fuses.
8. Functional check of transfer operation (simulate loss of one
source) and retransfer on re-establishment of preferred source
voltage. Check with each source as the preferred source.
9. Ensure the sources are from two separate buses.
10. Set under voltage relay and time delay per manufacturer‟s
instructions.
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3.36 GROUNDING SYSTEM


Inspect the grounding system(s) for conformance with approved design
1.
drawings and specification
Inspect the mechanical integrity and quality of all bolted and/or
2.
thermite welded grounding joints and connection
Inspect and verify the size and type of conductors to conform with
3.
standard requirements
4. Check that all metal part in the substation are grounded

Measure the ground grid system resistance by the “fall of potential”
1.
method
Measure the contact resistance at 100 A DC of all bolted and/or
2. thermite-welded joints at the grounding conductor between the
equipment to be grounded and the grounding mesh
Measure the electrical resistance between each major electrical
3. equipment grounding points, grounded neutral points and the
substation main grounding system by the “mill volt drop” method
4. Step and touch voltage measurement
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3.37 Switchgear Air Compressor Systems

2. Check labeling and marking according to the approved
drawings.
3. Check tightness of bolts on direct drive and base-mounted
equipment.
4. Check oil level and leakage and air compressor main
components, air receiver tank design and specification.
5. Check hour meter, safety relief valve, pressure switch and
gauges.
6. Check air lines piping according to the approved materials.
7. Check that the exposed airlines protected against rupture
damage.
8. Check that all piping runs parallel to flooring or walls and is
clamped properly by u-bolts or metal clamps supported on at
least 6 foot intervals or less.
9. Check that all piping has sufficient spacing so that each line can
be accessed without disturbing the rest of the piping.
10. Check that all pipes are supported on steel benches on the floor
of the trench.
11. Check that all piping fitting connections to be used shall be flare
cup type nuts with sleeve.
12. Check that air compressors are fitted with:
a. Automatic drain valve.
b. Manual drain valve.
c. Pressure relief valve.
d. Oil level sight glass.
13. Check that the receiver tank provided with inlet and outlet stop
valves, manual drain valve, pressure relief valve and pressure
gauge.

1. Check that the motor for air compressor designed for operation
on 220 V, 3 phase 60 Hz including magnetic contactors, relays
and accessories.
2. Check that circuit breaker, isolating switch wires and conduit
sizes are suitable for load requirement of the system.
3. Check that all wiring shall be in rigid steel conduit, wire ducts or
flexible conduit; wires shall be standard type THW and color
coded.
4. Check that all wiring splices shall be made with wire connector
or terminal bed connectors of approved type and insulated with
two layers of rubber, covered with friction tape to protect the
rubber.
5. Check that main control panel is equipped with indication lamps,
change over switch, hour meter.
6. Check interlock against overload operation, single phasing of
power supply, continuous operation not attended for 1-hour.
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7. Check low pressure alarm, high pressure alarm, compressor
faulty alarm.
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3.38 HVAC Systems

(Standard Reference is manufacturer‟s recommendations and relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)

2. Check labeling and marking is according to the drawings.
3. Check tightness of bolts on direct drive and base-mounted
equipment.
4. Check for adequate access to the equipment.
5. Check that ducts exposed to weather are properly insulated and
wrapped with weather proofing materials, e.g., wrapped with
aluminum sheet.
6. Check that the space clearance around the duct shall be
properly sealed to prevent the passage of rain water or any
other foreign matter.
7. Check that all panels such as control panel, compressor panel,
motor blower panels shall be provided with left and right
handles.
8. Check that air conditioning essential components, electrical
controls, breaker, etc., is properly labeled or marked.
9. Check that all exposed refrigerant suction lines are properly
insulated and wrapped with aluminum sheet and suitably
protected from rupture damage.
10. Check that the exposed refrigerant liquid line is painted with
liquid refrigerant gas color code paint and fitted with liquid sight
glass, solenoid valves expansion valves and strainer if required.
11. If semi-hermetic reciprocating compressor with nominal cap of
20 tons and above is used, check that the size of receiver tank
is able to contain all refrigerant charged into the system plus
20% excess volume for gas expansion.
12. Check that receiver is provided with inlet and outlet shut off
valves, relief valves, purge cock, liquid level sight glass and oil
drain.
13. Check that the refrigerant compressor is a sealed hermetic type
or semi-hermetic reciprocating type.
14. Check that the compressor is provided with the following:
For sealed type hermetic compressors:
a. Suction and discharge service valves with charge plug
fitting connection.
b. Crank case heater.
c. High and low pressure cut-out manual reset.
For semi-hermetic reciprocating compressors:
a. Suction and discharge service valves with charge plug
fitting connection.
b. Oil level sight glass.
c. Suction, discharge and oil pressure gauges.
d. Crank case heater.
e. Oil pressure protective switch to stop compressor
operation in case of lubrication failure.
f. High and low pressure cut-out manual reset.
g. Suction line strainer with service valves.
15. Check that thermostat control with temperature indicator is
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provided and suitable to operate the system automatically.
16. Check that the thermostat is equipped with independent switch
to operate the air supply fan continuously if required.
17. Check that the thermostat control is protected by a clear plastic
transparent guard cover with standard lock and key.
18. Check that the belt driven blower and fan motors are protected
by a belt guard cover.
19. Check that the air filters are easily removable from unit and
washable type and check that the frame is 18 gauge galvanized
iron with welded or screw type corners.

1. Check rating of all motors, magnetic contactors, relays and
accessories is 220 V, 3-phase, 60 Hz.
2. Check all wiring is in rigid steel conduit, is standard type THW
and color coded.
3. Check that the size of all wires and circuit breakers are suitable
for requirement of the system.
4. Check that all wires splices are made with wire connectors of
approval type or soldered and insulated with two layers of
rubber and friction tape.
5. Check interlock to stop the compressor when:
a. Condenser blower motor fails.
b. Air handling unit (AHU) blower motor fails.
c. Suction and discharge operating pressure exceeds
predetermined level.
d. Overload operation of compressor.
e. Low and high voltage in the power supply.
f. Single phase of power supply.
g. Compressor lubrication fails.
h. When desired room temperature required is attained.
6. Contractor shall perform the following tests prior to start
commissioning of the system:
a. Preliminary test.
b. Pressure test.
c. Leak test.
d. Control test.
e. Operation test.
7. Measure compressor continuous line current and power supply
voltage. Note compressor‟s discharge and suction pressure
(PSIG).
8. Check indoor fan and heater current.
9. Functional check of the system.
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3.39 Dry Type Transformer

(Standard reference is relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)

Inspect for physical damage/defects (see for any cracks ,chips ,etc. on visible
1
outer layer of the cast resin)
2 Check nameplate for correctness
3 Check tightness of all bolted connections(torque wrench method
4 Check that all grounding is securely connected ,including star point neutral
5 Perform all specific checks per manufacturer instructions
6 Check proper operation of all auxiliary devices (if applicable)

1 Insulation resistance and Polarization Index(PI) test
2 Turns ration all (taps) test
3 Polarity and vector relationship test
4 Winding resistance measurement (all taps)
5 Excitation current test (at nominal tap )
6 Back energization test (at rated voltage for 15 minutes)
7 Check the off load tap changer is set at the rated voltage tap
8 Functional test of all auxiliary devices (if applicable)
9 Control and protective circuits functional tests
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3.40 Ring Main Unit (RMU)
(Standard reference is relevant SEC Transmission Specifications)

1 Check nameplate information for correctness
2 Check for damage to the body or the fuses
3 Check the interlock system
4 Check the level of insulation medium (SF6, Oil…etc)

1 Phasing
2 Insulation Resistance 5kV for 1 minute
3 Contact resistance using low resistance copper bar in place of fuses.
RatedVoltage  2
4 HV Test at
3
5 Earth Fault indicator test and function tests (trip / alarm contacts)
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3.41 Fire Detection and Protection Systems
Loss Prevention Department is responsible for fire detection and suppression systems, but
transmission witnessing personnel shall check the alarms and trip signals (if applicable) which
affect the main equipment such as power transformer, GIS, etc.
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3.42 Civil Work
Witnessing of civil work is the responsibility of the Civil Department to witness the work of the civil
contractor. Transmission witnessing personnel shall check the accesses and ventilation that
affects the main equipment.
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3.43 Static VAR Compensation System

3.43.1 Pre-Commissioning Tests and Safety Measures

1. Get the sanction for test document.
2. Check the safety documents for entering the capacitor bank
area.
3. Check the safety documents for entering the TCR area.
4. Check the safety document for touching the capacitor banks
and TCRs.
5. Check the anti-static instruction prior to handling the electronic
devices.
6. Never touch the components of electronic cards without anti-
static wrist strap.
7. Check your safety shoes, helmet, goggles and industrial
uniform.
3.43.2 SVC Transformer Tests
See Oil Filled Power Transformers, Section 3.1.
3.43.3 Harmonic Filters: Capacitors and Associated Inductors

(Standard Reference is IEEE 1303-1994, IEEE Guide for Static VAR Compensator Field Tests and relevant
SEC Transmission Specifications)
3.43.3.1 Mechanical Checks and Visual Inspection

3. Check leakage.
4. Check deformation.
5. Check tightness of the bolts according to specifications.
7. Check for any damaged paint.
8. Check earthing switch.
9. Capacitor bushing tightness check.
10. Check for bushing cracks.
11. Check for proper termination.
12. Check CT locations physically.
3.43.3.2 Electrical Tests

1. Check of test and measuring instruments calibration certificates.
2. Check of condition of battery cells of the T&M instruments.
3. Check individual insulation resistances.
4. Measure each individual capacitance.
5. Capacitance bank insulation test.
6. Capacitance bank measurement test.
7. Capacitance and Dissipation factor measurement test.
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8. Insulation power factor (Doble) test –115 kV and above.
9. Perform all specific tests per manufacturer‟s instructions.
10. Megger test phase to phase.
11. Capacitance bank neutral unbalance measurement.
12. Test the inductance of the harmonic filter inductors.
3..43.4 Thyristor Controlled Reactor


3. Check for overall body deformation.
4. Check tightness of the bolts according to specifications.
6. Check for any damaged paint.
7. Check of foreign particles between the layers of the reactor
coils.
8. Check of any insulation cracks.
9. Check for proper termination.
10. Check CT locations physically.

1. Check of condition of battery cells of the T&M instruments
2. Check main current path connection contact resistance.
3. Temperature measurement at different joints after energization.
4. Check the insulation resistance.
5. Inductance measurement between different cores.
3.43.5 Cooling System Component Tests


1. Inspect for physical damage or defects for entire system.
2. Check nameplate information for correctness and installation of
the cooling network according to the drawings.
3. Check for the redundancy of the fluid circulating pumps in the
cooling system.
4. Check pressure holding test on the expansion vessel/reservoir.
5. Check the pressure release valve and its operation on the
expansion vessel/reservoir.
6. Check the availability of nitrogen regulating system on the
expansion tank and ensure no leakage.
7. Check the Motor and pump for leveling and alignment.
8. Check tightness of all joints and couplings of the coolant circuit
(torque wrench method).
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9. Check all pipe network and cooling system to stand test
pressure and operating pressure.
10. Check the unobstructed coolant circuits in all parallel paths.
11. Check the provision of control valve for inlet and outlet for all
parallel paths.
12. Check the provision of control valve for all equipment in the
cooling system for replacing or repairing without any interruption
to the cooling system.
13. Check the availability of pressure regulating valves at the outlet
of the pumps.
14. Check the availability of shut off valve at the inlet and outlet of
the pumps.
15. Check provision of replacing the pump while system is on line.
16. Check the provision of air bleeding valve at the top of all parallel
paths and at the ion exchanger/ deionizer.
17. Check the provision of leak-water collection (drainage) on the
floors.
18. Check the provision to replace the resin while system is on line.
19. Check the provision to replace filters/strainer while system is on
line.
20. Check the availability of the filters at the inlet and out let of the
deionizer.
21. Check the availability of the strainers at the outlet of the
deionizer and at the inlet of the valves with bypass circuit.
22. Check the availability of the control valves at the inlet and outlet
of each heat exchanger.
23. Ensure the outdoor piping network is stainless steel.
24. Ensure unobstructed ventilation for all heat exchangers.
25. Ensure the availability of vibration shocks for the all heat
exchangers.
26. Check, calibrate and functional test of the all temperature
gauges.
27. Check and calibrate all pressure gauges, flow switches,
differential pressure gauges and liquid level switches.
28. All the cooling system should be flushed over several hours,
including all branches, heat exchangers, deionizers, etc.
29. Verify no leakage in the cooling system.
30. Test the coolant for purity, proper percentage of anti freezing
and anti algae before filling the cooling system.
31. Check the rotation of pumps and cooling fans.
32. Run the pumps on and off repeatedly, until no more particles
accumulate in the filters.
33. Vibration check of cooling network.
34. Sound level check.
35. Check the auto operation of ion exchanger/bypass valves with
the conductivity meter (if applicable).

1. Check of condition of battery of the T&M instruments.
2. Visual check of electrical panel.
3. Insulation resistance test of motors.
4. Winding resistance measurement of motors.
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5. Check the proper rating of the motor protection breakers and
perform the functional trip test by current injection, under
voltage, and phase reversal.
6. Verification of current, overload, thermal, under voltage, and
phase reversal settings of motor protection.
7. Check the operation of the pumps from local pump station PLC,
and SCADA. Ensure the alarm signal when pump is on local
mode.
8. Record the power supply input voltage and phase rotation.
9. Record starting and running motor current.
10. Check the redundancy of auxiliary power supply and operate
the pumps one by one by both power sources.
11. Check the alarm and status by simulating the breaker open/
loss of auxiliary power sources.
12. Verify overload trip time of all motors by artificial single phasing
of all three-phase motors.
13. Simulate the operation of pumps by loss of power, pump failure,
differential pressure and running hours completion cycle and
ensure automatic changeover.
14. Ensure automatic changeover time is coordinated with loss of
cooling alarm time.
15. Verify start-up of standby pump on loss of supply to running
pump and record the time.
16. Check PLC of cooling system for measurement of pressure,
temperatures, Levels, resistively and status of pumps, heat
exchanger fans and valves.
17. Check to see that monitoring signals show correct values or
correctly indicate alarms.
18. Check the alarm/trip signal on loss of input voltage, pump
failure, low coolant level, high and low resistivity, pressure,
fellow, and temperature from all gauges, sensors and meters.
19. Check the cooling fans auto-changeover and auto operation by
temperature.
20. Check the cooling fans operation from Manual and Auto from
PLC control panel.
21. Check the cooling fan‟s minimum run time, and on-off
hysteresis.
22. Check the simulated operation of all electrical operated valves.
23. Ensure the full cooling capacity is available with one cooler
failed or out of service.
24. Display messages check for alarms and trips.
25. PLC internal battery check if present and note the date of
replacement.
26. Check Automatic operation of de-ionizer by resistivity. Check
the conductivity measurement of the coolant to see that it drops
below alarm level when new water is circulated, if applicable.
27. Check the deionizer time for recovering the resistivity, if
applicable.
28. Check the minimum activation time of deionizer, if applicable.
29. Ensure that liquid coolant is electrically grounded.
3.43.6 SVC System Controller Computer


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4. Check that the connection does not transfer stress to the
connection terminal.
5. Check operation of the cooling fan.
6. Check that the filters for the cooling fan are not dirty..
7. All input and output cables are secure.
8. Fiber optics cables are secure without squeezing and without
severe bends.
9. All modules are properly labeled.
10. Check the panels are well ventilated with dust filter.
11. Check that the connection ports which are under use have dust
covers and all other unused ports should be sealed off.
12. Check that the connections ports are clearly and correctly
identified.
13. Check that the ferrules are properly marked.
14. Card locations are clearly numbered.
15. Sequence event recorder panel check.
16. Annunciator panel check.
17. Check the labeling on thyristor towers.
18. Check of proper extractor tool.
19. Panel lighting is operating properly.
20. Check that the panel heaters are not installed.
21. Check that the terminals are furnished with isolator links.
22. Check that the wire terminals have banana sockets for the
testing purposes.
24. Verification against drawings and contract specification.

1. Check of Test and Measuring instruments calibration
certificates.
3. Check of hardware.
4. Check of software.
5. Hardware jumpers check.
6. Micro console and PC with software check.
7. Check of user program loading.
8. Input and output operation check.
9. Test of light guides passing from controller to TCR towers.
10. Firing pulses tests to thyristors simulation.
11. Snubber circuit testing.
12. DC functional tests.
13. Complete wiring checking.
14. Cooling system alarm checks from controller.
15. All alarms and trips initiation checks.
16. Trouble shooting guide verification with initiation of alarms.
17. Check of disconnects and low voltage switchgear by control
panel operation.
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18. Check of print-out on the printer and alarm on the annunciator.
19. Check of alarms and trips to controller, annunciator and to even
recorder.
20. Check of cooling system ready.
21. Check of temperature normal.
22. Check of SVC ready.
23. Check of alarms at controller due to alarms of the transformer.
24. Check of all controller cards.
25. Low voltage tests for SVC with different firing angles, i.e., B=0
to B=90 (LIMAX=0 TO –1.0.
26. Stability test of differential protection thyristor bypass switch
closed.
27. Emergency trip operation check.
28. SCADA point list testing.
29. Check of thyristor monitoring software operation.
30. Check of CB fail to close and fail to open alarm.
31. Controller over current protection level-1 tests, if applicable.
32. Controller over current protection level-2 tests, if applicable.
33. Secondary under voltage level –70% protection for immediate
trip, if applicable.
34. Primary under voltage –30% protection for 100 msec and no
trip, if more the system to trip, if applicable.
35. Primary under voltage 0.6 p.u. for more than 1 sec. CB trips.
36. Secondary under voltage 0.6 p.u., TCR blocks if more than 1
sec. then CB trips.
37. UPS operation time to be checked if ac is off to the UPS.
38. UPS alarm and trip level tests.
39. Controller cards battery replacement date check.
40. Check of Remote communication with modem to SER.
41. Final trip tests.
42. Annunciator AC and DC supply MCB operation check.
43. Watch dog of SER check.
44. Operational check of thyristor bypass switch.
3.43.7 Protective Relay Tests and Check of Protection Schemes

(Standard Reference is manufacturer‟s relay documents)

4. Check that the connection does not transfer stress to the
connection terminal

1. Check of Test and Measuring instruments calibration
certificates.
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3. Test the protection relays related to transformer.
4. Test the protection relays related to HV CB.
5. Test the protections related to TCR and Harmonic Filters.
6. Check and test the modified schemes.
7. Check of alarms from the SVC local panel, and remote alarm in
the control panel and corresponding alarm to the Control
Center.
3.43.8 SVC Energization: Sequence of Events and On-Load Tests

(Standard References are manufacturer‟s instruction manual and SEC relevant Transmission
Standard))

1. SVC pre-energization check list.
2. Check the SVC energization list.
3. Confirm the final settings.
4. Operation division shall issue caution for energization process.
5. Check and follow the switching program.
6. Check that the operating division has issued a warning to the
contractor for the Energization, copy to the Control Center.
7. Final NPS settings shall be issued to the Control Center,
Protection and Test and to 132/380 kV Projects Division.
8. Re-check and confirm final settings, except the settings of TCR
temperature, pressure, flow and VarMach.
9. Check, clean and lock transformer area.
10. Check, clean and lock disconnect room.
11. Check, clean and lock filter area.
12. Check, clean and lock TCR area.
13. Remove the firing optical fibers connected to the thyristor This is to avoid damage to the
valves, so that the thyristor valves are tested without thyristors in case of mis
conduction. Red fibers only (16x3=48). synchronism between the firing
pulses and voltage across the
thyristor
14. Check HV CB grounding switch opened from GIS.
15. Check bus isolator closed from control room.
16. Send close command to HV CB.
17. Check the indication on SER for CB closed.
18. Verify the synchronism by indication pulses generated from the
TCU (thyristor control unit).
h
19. Open the CB and close with H5 harmonic filter.
20. Check the bus voltage before and after the CB close and
calculate short circuit power of the network.
21. Record measurements on the mimic panel, and MVAR meter
should read –20 MVAR to confirm that the filter H5 is rated for -
20 MVAR (-ve for capacitance).
22. Close the CB with filter H7 and take the similar measured
above, but this time the load is –10 MVAR.
23. Open the CB.
24. Return the firing optical connections back to thyristors.
25. Open CB and close with TCR and Vref to =401 KV so that no
current flows in TCR.
26. Check the cooling starting on close command of CB from SVC
room or control room or from the Control Center.
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27. Check the alarm with thyristor address on removing of indication
pulses fibers in PC and alarm on annunciator.
28. Check that on removing more than two fibers the SVC trips.
29. After CB open and all disconnect switches are closed.
30. Give close command to CB for TCR, H5, and H7 in service with
manual mode.
31. Make all the measurements with different loads, such as HV,
MVAR, LV, SVC I, synch pulses graphs.
32. On cooling system PLC panel check all the pressures and
temperatures, running of pumps and running of cooling fans,
etc.
33. Keep running for one day in auto mode.
34. Vary the voltage reference from mimic panel and check the
MVAR and alarm svc reached max capacity.
35. Check and record all the currents in protection relay panels.
36. Check current limitation/protection in SVC controller.
37. Check of regulation with full load to no load and with different
slopes.
38. Check of step response with Vref settings for 1% voltage
difference and gain of 0.2,1,1.5, 3, etc.
39. Check auto recloser operation.
40. Check joint SVC operation with different bus bar configuration.
41. Check thyristor by-pass configuration mode.
42. Check of strip-chart recorder operation.
43. Check Event recorder alarms having responsibilities added.
44. Check the start inter-lock sequence.
45. Check stop sequence.
46. Record temperature measurements of TCRs at different joints
with temperature sensor stickers.
47. Auto/manual change over test.
48. Harmonic content tests.
49. Pump change over test by simulating fault in one pump.
50. Check cooling fans change over.
51. Check LV incomers change over
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3.43.9 Air-Conditioning Systems
The reliability of air-conditioning is very important for the SVC controller, so this part of the equipment
should be tested thoroughly. For details of its pre-commissioning please refer to Section 3.38, HVAC
Systems.
3.43.10 Fire Detection and Suppression Systems
The reliability of fire detection and suppression systems is very important for the SVC System, like any
other substation component. This equipment should be thoroughly tested. For details of its pre-
commissioning please refer to Section 3.40, Fire Detection and Suppression Systems
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The following is an example of a Test Record Form submitted by the contractor for the Substation
9000 SVC pre-energization checks:
1. General
The following units are covered by this energization tests.
TCR No. ____________________________________________
Filter No. _____________________________________________
2. Pre-Energization Checklist
Checks and Final Trip Test performed according to RQTR-710-D ------------------- □
3. Energization of Substation Bus Bar
With bus bar energized voltage response to VAR Control was checked.
Primary voltage according to existing metering: ________ kV
Input to Data Acquisition Computer measured:
Phase: R-Y: ________V Y-B: ________V B-R: ________V
Value on software variable VRESP: _______________
Final parameter setting: VRESPNOM: _______________

(Voltage Response)
Voltage selection checked: ---------------------------------------------------------------- □
All energized VT circuits measured: ------------------------------------------------------ □
4. Energization of Main Transformer
Recording of inrush current to transformer, see appendix: __________
Voltage input to Synchronizing Board YPQ 107 measured:
Phase on ∆ - side: R-Y: ________V Y-B: ________V B-R: ________V
Phase on Y – side: R-Y: ________V Y-B: ________V B-R: ________V
Phase relation & sequence checked: ------------------------------------------------------- □
Synchronizing signals out from the synchronizing board checked:
For each phase it was checked that the signals were as below: ----------------------- □
Visual check of transformer and bus bars done: ------------------------------------------- □
All VT circuits of protection and metering checked: -------------------------------------- □

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5. Energization of Filters
Test result in 2000 852-192-D: No. of Units: _________ Performed: ----------- □
6. Energization of TCR
Test Results in RQTR 703-D: No. of Units: _________ Performed: ------------ □
7. Total Rating Test
Measurements of current and voltages taken from: __________________________________
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
VT ratio: _____________________ CT ration: _____________________
Measurements at SVC maximum inductive:
Voltage Current
Phase R-Y Y-B B-R R Y B
Sec
Prim
Average measured values: Um = ___________ kV Im = ___________ A
Measurement at SVC maximum capacitive:
Voltage Current
Phase R-Y Y-B B-R R Y B
Sec
Prim
Average measured values: Um = ___________ kV Im = ___________ A
Unit Reactive Power capacity is calculated according to the formula.

2
Q = √3 * Um * Im * (Un / Um) this gives ____________
Max inductive is: ___________ MVAR Max capacitive is: ______________ MVAR
8. Heat Run Test
Test with Max load on transformer, SVC operated at __________ MVAR.
Ambient temp: __________

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Time
Time
Test with Max load on cooling system, SVC operated at __________ MVAR.
Ambient temp: __________ Valve temp: ____________
Time
9. Check of TCR Controls
Increase and decrease ramp of control signals for all phases checked: ------------------- □
TCR No.: _____________ See appendix: _____________
_____________ ______________
Measurement of load-sharing:
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TCR ________________ TCR ________________
Load Ph. R Ph. Y Ph. B Ph. R Ph. Y Ph. B
10. Check and Setting of Current Limit
Current limit for each TCR checked ------------------------------------------------------------- □
TCR No.: _____________ See appendix: ________________
_____________ ________________
Final parameter setting: ILIMLEV: ____________
Current limit
ILIMGAIN: ____________
Parameters corresponds to _______ A primary TCR current and __________ sec time constant
for the current limit operation.

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11. Reactive Symmetry
Prim. Values Bus Voltage (kV) Delta Current (A) Impedance (Ω)
Q-tot Ph. a-b b-c c-a a-b b-c c-a a-b b-c c-a
Prim. Values Bus Voltage (kV) Delta Current (A) Impedance (Ω)
Q-tot Ph. a-b b-c c-a a-b b-c c-a a-b b-c c-a
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12. Static Characteristic
Rated values on SVC used for calculation, are:
Un: ________kV In: ________A Bn: ________mS
Measurement of susceptance and setting calculation in switching points:
Parameter
Switch-
U (kV) I (A) B (mS) B (p. u.)
Point
Name Value
Parameter
Switch-
U (kV) I (A) B (ms) B (p. u.)
Point
Name Name
Measurement of B-prim versus BREF, after parameter setting:

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BREF U (kV) I (A) B (ms) B (p.u.)
Graph of B-prim (p.u.) versus BREF, see appendix: _____________
Adjusted parameters to improve linearity: Name Value
____________ _____________
____________ _____________
____________ _____________
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Final measurement of B-prim versus BREF:
BREF U (kV) I (A) B (ms) B (p.u.)
Graph of B-prim (p.u.) versus BREF
After final adjustment: see appendix: __________
Final parameter setting: Name Value Name Value
_______ _______ ________ ________
_______ _______ ________ ________
_______ _______ ________ ________
_______ _______ ________ ________

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Switching Control MAN-AUTO-MAN
Switching from MAN to AUTO and from AUTO to MAN works correctly
See appendix: ______________
Final parameter setting: TFOL: ______________

(Follow function)
13. Operating Characteristic and Slope Setting
Final parameter setting: BREFNOM: ____________

(op. Char. and slope)
SLOPE: ____________
Measurement of slope:
Slope Uprim Iprim Uref Uprim - Uref

(%) (kV) (A) (value) (kV) (kV)
Slope Uprim Iprim Uref Uprim - Uref

(%) (kV) (A)
(value) (kV) (value)
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Graph of slope at ___________%, see appendix: ________
Graph of slope at ___________%, see appendix: ________
Calculation of actual slope gives… set __________% Measured ____________%
set __________% Measured ____________%

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Step Response Test for Gain Optimization
Network short circuit power Sk at point of common coupling as follows:
During test: _______ MVA System minimum: ________ MVA
Steps in VREF was done to give responses of approx. __________ MVAR
Readings, see appendix: ________
Final parameter setting: VREGKI: _________

(SVC gain)
VREGNI: _________
1. Control Logics etc.
Start: Complete sequences checked: □ see appendix: _________
Stop: Complete sequences checked: □ see appendix: _________
Trip: Complete sequences checked: □ see appendix: _________
Rampspeed: Check and final settings □
Final parameter setting: Name Value Corresponds to

(rampspeeds)
_________ __________ ______________
_________ __________ ______________
_________ __________ ______________
_________ __________ ______________
_________ __________ ______________
Minloss function: Operation checked in all hysteresis area: □
Final parameter setting: MLOSSLEV: ___________

(minloss function)
MLOSST: ____________
Corresponds to ___________ seconds delay

__________ __________ ______________
__________ __________ ______________
__________ __________ ______________
__________ __________ ______________
__________ __________ ______________

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Remote Control Functions: All applicable functions checked: □

(remote control)
__________ __________ _______________
__________ __________ _______________
__________ __________ _______________
__________ __________ _______________
__________ __________ _______________
__________ __________ _______________
14. Redundancy Systems
It was checked that the SVC operates correct during the following change-overs to redundant functions.
Checked
To standby pump in cooling system: ----------------- □
To standby incoming AC supply: ------------------- □
___________________________: ------------------- □
________________________: --------------------- □
___________________________: ------------------
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4.0 PROCEDURE FOR TESTING PROTECTION RELAYS
ANSI
ITEM
EQUIPMENT REFERENCE
NUMBER
NO.
4.1 Auxiliary relays
4.2 Supervision relays (under-voltage) 27
4.3 Supervision relays (over-voltage) 95
4.4 Trip Lockout relays 84
4.5 Trip Auto reset relays 94
4.6 Timers 62
4.7 Definite Time Over-current protection 50
4.8 Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) Over-current 51
4.9 Circuit Breaker Fail protection 50 / 62
4.10 Bus Bar Differential Protection 87B
4.11 Metrosils and non linear resistors
4.12 Synchronism check 25
4.13 Distance / Impedance protection 21
4.14 Directional Over-current and Directional Earth Fault 67 / 67N
Protection
4.15 Line / Cable Differential Protection 87L / 87C
4.16 Auto re-closer function
4.17 Transformer Differential Protection 87T
4.18 Restricted Earth Fault Protection 64NS / 64NP
4.19 Temperature Rise Protection 49 W
4.20 Under-frequency protection and Rate of frequency 81 / 81R
change protection
4.21 Automatic Voltage Controller 90
4.22 Disturbance and Fault Recorder
4.23 Sequence of Events Recorder
4.24 Annunciators
4.25 Transducers
4.26 Automated Bus Transfer System (ABTS)
4.27 Auto Changeover Switching Equipment (ACSE)
4.28 Guidelines for Testing Digital Protection Relays and
IED‟s
4.29
4.30
4.31
4.32
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4.1 General Mechanical Checks & Visual Inspection
Inspect for defects and physical damage from shipping and

1.
handling.
Any clamps or rubber bands used to secure moving parts to
2. prevent damage during transit should be removed after
installation and before commissioning.
Prior to opening any case or panel, confirm that the equipment
3. will not be contaminated by dust, excessive humidity or other
pollutants.
Ensure that there is no foreign material, moisture, dust, etc.,
4.
inside panels and device cases.
5. Check case cover and gasket for proper seal against dust.
Check all installed equipment nameplate information for
6. compliance to approved drawings and equipment /material
lists.
Check that the relay serial number on the module, case and
7.
cover are identical.
Ensure that all relays, relay covers, meters, controls and test
facilities are properly identified as per the approved drawings
8.
and relevant SEC standards and that the identification does
not obscure information displays.
Ensure the mimic bus provides an accurate representation and
9. that all switchgear identification is accurate and as assigned by
Systems Operations Department.
Confirm that each panel has been properly secured to the floor
10.
in its final service location.
Confirm that panels are constructed and wired as per SEC
11.
relevant specification.
For all internal and external panel wiring, confirm that all screw
terminations are tight and that crimp connectors are firmly
12. secured to the wire and to the termination point. Ensure that
no part of the wire is bent at the termination point. Check
Ferrules.
Check that panel equipment is mounted securely and
13.
protected against mal operation due to vibration, shock, etc.
14. Case earthing checked
Auxiliary power supply rating checked and wiring checked for
15.
proper polarity.
16. Verify connections as per approved drawings.
Use of ring type terminals for wire termination for CT
17.
wires where possible.
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4.2 General Electrical Tests
Check that rating of the relay agree with the Auxiliary Supply to
1.
which it is connected.
2. Check that DC Supplies are wired with the correct Polarity.
Check that the frequency of the relay supply is compatible with
3.
the system‟s rated frequency.
Verify that the secondary current for current operated relays
4.
matches the used CT secondary current
Verify proper phase shorting for CT field test switches and test
5.
plugs used with current operated relays.
Check that the relay nominal input voltage matches the
6.
VT voltage.
Verify proper case shorting facility for current operated draw
7.
out type relays.
Make sure that all trip circuits are using high burden trip
8.
contacts from the protection relays.
Make sure that the low burden annunciation contacts are used
9.
only in low burden circuits such as annunciation and indication.
Verify that the number of contacts and the contact
10. configuration (NC NO CO) is the same in the drawing as
it is in the relay
Voltage operated relays to have a pickup voltage less
than 80% of the rated substation voltage to allow for
11.
proper operation of the relay even during substation DC
under-voltage condition.
12. Check Annunciation LEDs and flags.
13. Check Annunciation contacts
14. Check Binary inputs.
15. Check output contacts.
16. Check Watchdog or Internal Relay Fail contacts
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4.3 Guidelines for Testing Digital Protection Relays and IED’s

Digital Protection relays with multiple possible configurations
1. or multiple enable-able protection elements are to be tested
as per their protection use in the scheme.
Devices that have multiple standards of characteristics to be

2. tested as per SEC used standards (example IEEE standard
curves for Over-Current Time Inverse characteristics)
Proper configuration of local (and remote) CT / VT ratios

3.
especially for distributed differential arrangements
Proper configuration of CT type (Protection, Metering) and

accuracy class for IED‟s to assure the correct current
4. representation for sampled values Ref IEC 61850-5 , Clause 13.7.4
(Sample Resolution: bits per sample
& Sample Frequency: samples per second)
CT Saturation or CT open secondary supervision in each bay
5. unit of distributed differential arrangements with proper
latching alarms and trip blocking logic
<10ms delay time for sampled values
Communication channel test (one way total communication <1ms delay time for trip commands
6.
delay time, bit error rate)
Ref IEC 61850-5 , Table B.5
Continuous supervision of communication channel with
7.
associated panel alarm and remote alarm and trip blocking
Any Internal Relay Fail (IRF) or Software supervision
8. watchdog contacts or DC supply failure contacts available on
the relay to be incorporated in the substation alarm scheme.
When a relay is placed in loop-back mode or a self test state
and is not responsive for to live CT / VT inputs, it should have
9. a local indication in the relay / control panel as well as a
latching remote alarm indicating that the protection is out of
service.
10. GPS Time lock and synchronization test at time master
Verify Substation master clock distribution to slave devices , Ref IEC 61850-10, Clause 6.2.4.16.1
11. Check that report/logging timestamp accuracy matches the
documented timestamp quality of the server
Verify that the event „time synchronization communication Ref IEC 61850-10, Clause 6.2.4.16.2
12.
lost‟ is detected after a specified period
IP addressing assigned as per SEC standards and clear IP
13.
address labels on the front of every Relay / IED
Verify use of non-volatile memory or internal battery for
14. continuous storage of protection settings and relay
configurations even with total DC failure.
Verify that the final configuration of the relay is fixed and not
15.
accessible without proper software or authorization.
Check Relay configuration and interface with PC.
16.
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Ensure that relay Disturbance Fault recorder & internal event
17.
recorder are working properly.
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4.4 Auxiliary Relays
4.4.1 Auto Reset Auxiliary Relays

4.4.1.1 General Mechanical checks and visual inspection.
1. General Visual Inspection As per 4.1

On Units fitted with hand reset flag indicators, check that the flag is
free to fall before, or just, any contacts closes. Make sure that the
2.
reset mechanism in the cover is correctly located with respect to the
relay element and the flag (or mechanism) can be reset.
3. Check condition of any connectors, contacts alignment and travel.
4. Check armature gap.
4.4.1.2 Electrical tests

1. General Electrical Tests As per 4.2
2. Check the continuity of the contacts.
3. Check the resistance of all output contacts.
Check pick up voltage and current of operating Coil. The relay should switch cleanly with
4.
one movement.
5. Check Drop off voltage and current of operating Coil.
Check the operating and Reset time at lower nominal supply
6.
voltage.
7. Check Relay Burden during operation at nominal rated voltage.
8. Check Operating coil resistance.
500 V insulation tests shall be conducted between:
9. a) all electrically isolated circuits.
b) all circuits and earth.
Perform the functional test of the relay for which it is being
10.
used.
11. Check the AUTO-REST function.
12. Check operation indicator /Flag/LED function.
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4.4.2 Hand Reset Auxiliary Relays
On Units fitted with hand reset flag indicators, check that the
flag is free to fall before, or just, any contacts closes. Make
2. sure that the reset mechanism in the cover is correctly located
with respect to the relay element and the flag (or mechanism)
can be reset.
Check condition of any connectors, contacts alignment and
3.
travel.
Check armature gap.
4.
Check Lockout mechanism.
5.
4.4.2.2Electrical tests

Check pick up voltage and current of operating Coil. The relay should switch cleanly with
4.
one movement.
5. Check Drop off voltage and current of operate circuit .
Check the operating and Reset time of the operating circuit at
6.
lower nominal supply voltage.
7. Check Relay Burden during operation at nominal rated voltage.
8. Check operating coil resistance.
Perform the functional test of the relay for which functions it is
10.
being used.
11. Check the Lock out mechanism.
12. Check the Reset mechanism.
13. Check operation indication/Flag/LED.
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4.4.3 Electrically Reset Auxiliary Relays

can be reset.
3.
travel.
Check armature gap.
4.
Check Reset mechanism.
5.

Check pick up voltage and current of operate Coil. The relay should switch cleanly with
4.
one movement.
5. Check Drop off voltage and current of operate Coil.
6. Check pick up voltage and current of Reset Coil .
7. Check Drop off voltage and current of Reset Coil.
Check the operating time of the operate Coil at lowest nominal
8.
supply voltage.
Check the operating time of the Reset Coil at lowest nominal
9.
supply voltage.
Check Operate Coil and Rest Coil power consumption during
10.
operation at nominal rated voltage.
11. Check operate and Reset Coil resistance.
12. Check external Reset input if applicable.
Perform the functional test of the relay for which functions it is
14.
being used.
16. Check operation indication/Flag/LED.
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4.4.4 Bi-Stable Auxiliary Relays

can be reset.
3.
travel.
4. Check Lockout mechanism (if applicable).

Check pick up voltage and Current of operate Coil and Reset The relay should switch cleanly with
4. Coil. one movement.
Check Drop off voltage and current of operate Coil and Reset
5.
Coil.
6. Check Change-Over time for contacts which makes/breaks.
7. Check power consumption of operate and Reset Coil.
b) all circuits and earth..
Verify the functional test of the relay for which functions it is
9.
being used.
10. Check operation indication/Flag/LED function.
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4.5 Under-Voltage Supervision Relays (27)
4.5.1 General Mechanical checks, visual inspection and Electrical checks.

Ensure the correct values of external resistors (where
2.
appropriate) are wired to the correct relay terminals.
can be reset.
4.
travel.
4.5.2 Electrical tests

2. Check pickup and Drop-off Voltage, Drop-off/pick-up ratio.
3. Witness time-voltage characteristic test.
4. Witness instantaneous unit test.
5. Witness binary inputs and outputs and annunciations.
6. Check Nominal contact voltage AC/DC.
7. Check for visual indication for power supply, pickup and reset.
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4.6 Trip Circuit Supervision
4.6.1 Trip Circuit Supply Supervision
4.6.1.1 General Mechanical checks ,visual inspection and Electrical checks.

On Units fitted with hand reset flag indicators, check that the flag
is free to fall before, or just, any contacts closes. Make sure that
2.
the reset mechanism in the cover is correctly located with respect
to the relay element and the flag (or mechanism) can be reset.
3.
travel.
Check armature gap.
4.
Check for proper operation of LEDs.
5.

Measure Trip Supply and Alarm Supply. Alarm and Trip Supply should be
2.
separate from each other.
3. Check Protective fuse rating.
Ensure correct values of external resistors (where
4.
applicable) and wired to the correct relay terminals.
Check pickup Voltage / Drop –off voltage and measure
7.
current.
8. Check power consumption when the relay is energized.
9. Check Relay Coil Resistance.
10. Initiate Alarm by removing fuse.
Check for visual indication for power supply, pickup and
12.
reset.
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4.6.2 Trip Circuit Supervision, without pre-closing supervision
4.6.2.1 General Mechanical checks ,visual inspection

can be reset.
3.
travel.
Check armature gap.
4.
5.

2.
3. Check that DC Supplies are wired with the correct polarity.
4.
Ensure correct values of external resistors (where applicable)
6.
and wired to the correct relay terminals.
Check pickup / Drop –off for both voltage and current of the External resistors (where applicable)
9. operating coil. should be taken into account during
application of voltages.
11. Check operating Coil Resistance.
Check voltage across relay coil when circuit breaker is open
12.
and closed.
Check voltage across external resistors (where applicable)
13.
when circuit breaker is open and closed.
With the circuit breaker closed apply a temporary Short circuit
14. across each of the external resistors (where applicable) of the
trip circuit. Ensure the C.B. does not trip.
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4.6.3 Trip Circuit Supervision, with pre-closing supervision
4.6.3.1 Mechanical checks ,visual inspection

can be reset.
3.
travel.
Check armature gap.
4.
5.

2.
3. Check that DC Supplies are wired with the correct polarity.
4.
6.
and wired to the correct relay terminals.
With the C.B. Open Check pickup / Drop –off for both voltage External resistors (where applicable)
9. and current of Operating coil-1. should be into taken account during
application of voltages.
With the C.B. closed Check pickup / Drop –off for both voltage
10.
and current of Operating coil-2.
12. Check operating Coil Resistance.
Check voltage across relay coil when circuit breaker is open
13.
and closed.
Check voltage across external resistors (where applicable)
14.
when circuit breaker is open and closed.
With the circuit breaker closed apply a temporary Short circuit
15. across each of the external resistors (where applicable) of the
trip circuit. Ensure the C.B. does not trip.
19.
a) all electrically isolated circuits.
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4.7 Over/Under Voltage Supervision Relays (95)
4.7.1 General Mechanical checks and visual inspection


2. Check measurements
3. Check over voltage pick-up and drop-off
4. Check under voltage pick-up and drop-off
5. Check voltage-timing
6. Check low voltage blocking
7. Check binary input contacts
8. Check output contacts for proper operation
9. Check indication LEDs
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4.8 Trip Lockout Relay (86)

4.8.2 Lock out Relay Electrical tests

Check pick up/ Drop off for both voltage and current Typically less than 10 ms or as per
2.
manufacturer specification
3. Check the reset ratio ( reset ratio = drop off / pick up)
Check all the NO and NC contacts change position and time of
4.
change at rated voltage.
5. Check the Lockout mechanism.
7. Check Indication flag.
8. Check power consumption of the relay.
9. Check pickup value
10. Check pickup time at rated voltage for all contacts
11. Check lockout mechanism
12. Check reset mechanism
13. Check flag indication
14. Check all contacts for proper operation
If we are checking trip and closing test (although I think this is part of function test) then shouldn‟t
it be “check trip and close blocking test” or trip and anti pumping ? that the trip is continuous from
the lockout relay, but the CB aux contact should disconnect the trip coil
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4.9 Trip Auto Reset Relay (94)

4.9.2 Trip Relay Electrical tests

Check pick up/ Drop off for both voltage and current Typically less than 10 ms or as per
2.
manufacturer specification
3. Check the reset ratio ( reset ratio = drop off / pick up)
Check all the NO and NC contacts change position and time of
4.
change at rated voltage.
5. Check the AUTO-RESET function
6. Check the external RESET input if applicable.
7. Verify trip test for circuit breaker
8. Check power consumption of the relay.
9. Check power supply rating and polarity
10. Check pickup values ( V & mA )
11. Check drop off values ( V & mA )
12. Check timing for all contacts at rated voltage
13. Check indication led
14. Check all contacts for proper operation
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4.10 Timers (62)
4.10.1 Mechanical checks, visual inspection
can be reset.
3.
travel.

2.
and check these are wired to the correct relay terminals.
3. Check Pick-up and Drop-off Voltage.
4. Check current at Pick-up\ drop-off voltage.
5. Check the contact operating time pickup\ drop-off Test.
6. Check the burden at rated voltage.
Check Timing at different points setting. Note that the measuring
7. accuracy depends upon the
accuracy of the instrument used.
Check that trip indicator operates correctly and can be reset
8. using reset mechanism. For versions fitted with LEDs trip
indicator check proper operation of LEDs.
9. Check that contact operate by doing continuity check.
Check that necessary trip and alarm circuits are energized
10. according to relevant Schematic diagram by operating the relay
with trip and alarm links restored.
11. Timer range to match drawing
4.10.3 Related Tests
1. Final Setting as per approved setting

2. Function Test & Scheme Check As per
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4.11 Definite Time Over-Current Protection (50)
can be reset.
3.
travel.
4. Check armature gap.

2. Check for External resistors, where applicable.
3. Check relay configuration.
Check that protection relay settings have been entered
4.
correctly.
Perform relay self-test procedure and external
5.
communications checks on digital/numerical relays.
Check Pick-up & Drop off Values of Over Current & Earth over Reset Factor = DO / PU % (
6.
current Elements (Low set stage.) Approx. 95 % for I > / In ≥ 0.5 )
Check Tripping Time of Over Current & Earth over current
7.
Elements (Low set stage.)
Check Pick-up & Drop off Values of Over Current & Earth
8.
Over current Elements (High set stage).
Check Tripping Time of Over Current & Earth Over current
9.
Elements (High set stage.)
10. Witness binary inputs and outputs and annunciations.
Check displayed measurements in primary or secondary Percentage error % ( error% =
11. (measured – expected)/expected
values if applicable.

3. Final Trip Test As per
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4.12 Inverse Definite Minimum Time (IDMT) Over-Current Protection (51)

Definite time Pick up & drop off Reset Factor = DO / PU %
2.
(Approx. 95 % for I > / In ≥ 0.5)
3. Low set stage I>
4. High set stage I>>
5. Annunciation LED
6. Annunciation contacts
7. Percentage error % ( error% = (measured – expected)/expected
Check displayed measurements in primary or secondary values Percentage error % ( error% =
8. (measured – expected)/expected
if applicable.
9. Check for External resistors, where applicable.
Check current transformer circuits are connected to the relay
10.
correctly.
Check relay configuration (Binary Inputs , outputs and LED
11.
configuration)
Perform relay self-test procedure and external communications
12.
checks on digital/numerical relays.
13. Check pick up & Drop off values of Low set stage I>
14. Check pick up & Drop off values of High set stage I>>
Check Normal inverse characteristics on different multiples of
15.
plug setting /current setting.
Check Very inverse characteristics on different multiples of plug
16.
setting /current setting.
Check Extremely inverse characteristics on different multiples
17.
of plug setting /current setting.
Check Long time inverse characteristics on different multiples
18.
of plug setting /current setting.
19. Check over current short circuit indications.
20. Check tripping indication.
How many points? How many Current Samples? How many time settings?

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4.13 Circuit Breaker Fail (CBF) Protection (50/62)

2. Indications checked
4.13.2 Electrical test

Measurements Check at every plug tap and
a. pick up (PU) multiplier
2.
b. drop out (DO)
c. ratio DO/PU %
3. Check relay operating time for all re-trip stages Current applied 2Isetting
Check relay setting At every phase
4.
PLUG TAP x MULTIPLIER
5. Check binary input
6. Check binary output
7. Check annunciation LEDs
8. Check annunciation contacts
9. Contact resistance of tripping and alarm checked

4. End to End test As per
(when remote tripping is applicable)
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4.14 Bus Bar Differential Protection (87B)
4.14.1 High Impedance Bus Bar Differential Protection
4.14.1.1 General Mechanical checks and visual inspection

3. CT Supervision indication and flags should be latching
CT ratios, CT Matching for all CT‟s in the same zone, or
4. use of correct matching CT‟s and CT grouping per
protection zone.
4.14.1.2 Electrical test

Measurements Voltage injection and take
a. pick up (PU) measurement at every voltage
2.
b. drop out (DO) relay setting
c. ratio DO/PU %
3. Check voltage setting
4. Check relay operating time
Check tripping criteria
OPTION 1: DIFFERENTIAL TRIPPING ENABLED
TOGETHER WEITH AN EXTERNAL STARTS. By secondary injection
OPTION 2 : DIFFERENTIAL TRIPPING ENABLED
5.
TOGETHER WEITH INSTANTANEOUS PICK UP OF BUS
WIRE SUPERVISION
OPTION 3 : DIFFERENTIAL TRIPPING ENABLED
WITHOUT FURTHER CONDITIONS
6. Check bus wire supervision
7. Check replica
8. Check binary input
9. Check binary output
10. Check annunciation LEDs
11. Check annunciation contacts
12. Check stabilizing connection system with resistor & metrosil
13. Check all command relay
14. Check stability By primary injection
15. Check power supply status
4.14.1.3 Related Tests

2. Stability & Sensitivity Test by simulation of external and internal As per
faults
5. On Load Test As per
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4.14.2 Low Impedance Bus Bar Differential Protection
4.14.2.1 General Mechanical checks and visual inspection

2. CT shorting checked
4.14.2.2 Electrical test

1 General Electrical Tests As per 4.2
Measurements By injecting current from test switch
 Measuring at every Bay Unit (BU). of bay unit.
 Measuring Idif and Istab Check Zone (CZ) at Central Bus zone (selective zone)
2 depending on which isolator
Unit (CU).
 Take the reading of Idif and Istab of Bus Zone (BZ) and closed.
CZ Form the testing equipment
Bus bar protection diff. current alarm test Idiff supervision : ON
 Measure the pickup Take these measurement at every
3  Measure the drop off BZ and CZ
 Measure the time
 Check the relay LED
4 Bus bar protection diff. current
Pickup test Idiff supervision : OFF
Measure the pickup current at CZ

Measure the operate time at 2Isetting at CZ and check the relay
4.1 LED.
Measure the pickup current at BZ
Measure the operate time at 2Isetting at every BZ and check
the relay LED
5 Bus bar protection diff. current slope test

Bus zone Define the K factor (slope setting)
Measure Idiff and Istab Connect Bay unit – X and Bay unit
Calculate K = Idiff / Istab – Y on the same Bus Zone ( BZ ).
Inject I1∟0 at BU-X & I2∟180
BU-Y with equal magnitude,
5.1
decrease / increase any one up to
trip ,measure : Id & Is ,then
Calculate slope = Id / Is
Note that : Idiff = | I1 - I2 | and
IStab = | I1| + | I2 | and K= Id/Is
Check zone Verify this connection
Measure Idiff and Istab Bay unit – X and Bay unit – Y on
Calculate K = Idiff / Istab the same BZ , but , Bay unit – Z
on a different BZ .
5.2
Inject I1∟0 ≥ 2.0 A threshold
(CZ) , Increase I2∟180 up to trip
, Calculate. slope = I2/I1
BU-X,Y and Z should be of same ratio
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Breaker failure protection test Config. , B/I CBF start 3p , Led
Measure pickup current CBF trip , B/O-1 CBF rep. trip 3P (
Measure drop off current stg.-1 )
Measure time stage 1 B/O-2 CBF trip 3P ( stg.-2
Measure time stage 2 )
6 Check relay LED Increase current up to P/U and
Note that : CBF. Stg.-1 trip is related to the local feeder ( bay decrease up to D/O
unit ). For timing Stg – 1 use B/O-1 , For
CBF. Stg.- 2 trip is related to the bus zone of that feeder ( bay timing Stg – 2 use B/O-2
unit ).
7 Breaker failure protection special test
CB faulty Config ( B/I C.B. not ready ).if this
B/I is activated in the same time
with (B/I CBF start 3poles )
7.1
The relay will trip the entire bus bar
at stage 1 time or as per the time
setting for T-BF CB fault.
Low current mode If this function : ON ,C.B closed ,
CBF start 3poles ,without current
The trip(CBF trip L123 ) will issued
after time T-BF low current (without
7.2
CB fault)
If CB fault is there , the trip (CBF
trip L123) will issued after time T-
BF CB fault
End fault protection Config.( B/O to End Flt Trip) ,
make this function : ON and if the
(C.B is open ) is activated with
7.3
injected current, The End fault trip
will issued immediately to trip the
remote End .
Testing function Measure at every bay unit
Measure time of CB faulty (ms)
7.4 Measure time of I < (ms)
Measure time of End fault (ms)
Check the relay LEDs
Diff. current super vision function checked
a) check Blocking during fault.
7.5
b) check Blocking till release
c) check Alarm without blocking
Isolator super vision function checked
a) check Blocking during fault.
7.6 b) check Blocking till release
c) check Alarm without blocking
d) blocking till acknowledge
7.7 All LEDs checked
7.8 All binary input checked
7.9 All command relay checked
7.10 All signal relay checked
All bay unit checked
a ) check DC Fail ( for both setting old status and close )
b ) check Comm. Fail ( for all Bays )
7.11
c ) check Out Of Service ( measuring of that bay unit is
stopped for that BZ but CZ still running )
d ) check Maintenance ( for all Bays )
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7.12 Fault recorder checked
7.13 BF intertrip with BB fault
7.14 Check power supply
4.14.2.3 Related Tests

faults
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4.15 Metrosil and Non Linear Resistor

Visual inspection of protective cover / shroud with high
2.
voltage caution label

Check the characteristics of the Metrosil  By injecting an appropriate
current and measure the
voltage and draw a curve
between current and voltage.
1
 Repeat this test to every
phase.
 Compare the results with the
approved characteristics.

faults (measure metrosil current during
internal and external fault simulation)
(measure metrosil current during on
load stability)
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4.16 Synchronism Check (25)


2 Check Measurements & percentage error

3 Check Voltage elements pickup and drop off
3.1 Check bus live range
3.2 Check bus dead range
3.3 Check line live range
3.4 Check line dead range
3.5 Check bus under voltage detector
3.6 Check line under voltage detector
3.7 Check difference voltage detector
4 Check Phase angle difference (∆)
5 Check Frequency difference (∆f)
6 Check timers (slip time and synchronism time)
7 Check under voltage block feature
8 Check binary output contact and indication led
9 Check Watchdog Contacts
10 Check Live Line Dead Bus Synchronism bypass
11 Check Dead Line Live Bus Synchronism bypass

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4.17 Distance / Impedance Protection (21)


2 Measurement: Injected quantities ( V and I )
2.1 Measurement: P,Q,F, Directionality
Impedance secondary measurement Zero sequence setting should be
3
zero
4 Distance protection pick up threshold
4.1 Check Phase fault current threshold detection ( -~0.2A)
4.2 Check Earth fault current Thresholds (~0.15A)
4.3 Check zero sequence voltage Threshold check (~15V)
4.4 Check Dead line detection
5 Zones reach & Time Testing
6 Distance directionality check
7 Distance Tele-protection scheme
7.1 Check POTT
7.1.1 Check Weak in-feed FUNCTION
7.1.1.1 Check Echo only
7.1.1.2 Check Echo and trip
7.1.1.3 Check under voltage pick up for local trip
7.1.1.4
Check Current Reversal Logic
( with POTT Scheme)
7.2
Check Permissive Under Reach ( PUTT )
(Z1 extension Acceleration)
7.3 Check Blocking Scheme
7.3.1
Check Current Reversal Logic
( with Blocking Scheme)
7.4 Check Unblocking Scheme
7.5 Direct transfer trip (DTT)
8 Check Power Swing function
9 Check Switch On to Fault SOTF
9.1 Check SOTF associated with distance protection
9.2 Check SOTF associated with back up over current
9.3 Check Instantaneous high speed SOTF O/C
10 Fuse failure monitoring
Check Fuse failure measurement For current less than the setting
of Maximum current threshold
and zero voltage appear for
10.1
more than the setting, FFM(Fuse
failure monitoring) will appear
after pre-set time (for example
10 seconds) with distance
blocking.
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10.2 Check maximum voltage threshold U< ( 3 phase )
10.3 Check BI blocking (for VT failure) & indication.
11 Check Fault locator
12 Check Internal Recorder
13 Memory Voltage Test
13.1 Check Memory time measurement test
13.2 Check Memory voltage measurement test
Back Up Over Current Protection & Stub protection if Same test like over current
14
applicable: (Emergency) relay
Reset Factor = DO/PU% ( Approx. 95 % for I > / In
14.1 Definite time Pick up & drop off ≥ 0.5 )
14.2 Low set stage I>
14.3 High set stage I>>
14.4 Normal inverse characteristics
14.5 Very inverse characteristics
14.6 Extremely inverse characteristics
14.7 Long time inverse characteristics
14.8 Percentage error % ( error% = (measured – expected)/expected
15 Annunciation LED
16 Annunciation & Trip contacts
17 Binary Inputs

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4.18 Directional Over-Current and Directional Earth Fault Protection (67/67N)

2. CT shorting check

1 Measurement: Injected quantities ( V and I )
1.1 Measurement: P,Q,F, Directionality
2 Check the directional operating characteristic angle
3 Check the polarizing voltage (3Uo) Pick up and Drop off
Check Earth fault over current group (non directional&
4 directional element )
9 Blocking of directional elements

Fuse fail
VT Fail
Communication Fail
Blocking Scheme with carry received
Tele-Protection Schemes (Blocking, Unblocking,
Directional Comparison, Direct Transfer Trip)
9.1 Check Fuse failure measurement Blocking of directional element
9.2 Check maximum voltage threshold U< ( 3 phase )
9.3 Check BI blocking (for VT failure) & indication.
Check the VT MCB trip will block the directional element and
5
the signal send
12 Memory Voltage Test
12.1 Check Memory time measurement test
12.2 Check Memory voltage measurement test
6 Self Test the relay if applicable
5 Check indication LEDs
6 Check binary input/output contacts

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4.19 Line & Cable Differential Protection (87L/87C)


1 Check Measurements if applicable
2 Check Differential Protection
2.1 Check I –DIFF >
2.2 Check Under switch on condition if applicable
2.3 Check I –DIFF >>
2.4 Check Inrush restrain current if applicable
Inject one phase current (1A - 60 HZ and 0.22 A - 120 HZ)
2.4.1 the relay will not trip because of second harmonic inrush
block
Inject one phase current( 1A - 60 HZ and 0.22 A - 120 HZ)
2.4.2 and another phase by (1A – 60 HZ) The relay will trip after
the summation of time by cross blocking with 2nd harmonic
3 Check Thermal over load protection
3.1 Check with memory
Check with memory without preload Before injection you must reset
3.1.1 a. Calculate the trip time for thermal relay the temperature rise
b. Calculate the thermal alarm time (stage 88%)
Check with memory with preload
3.1.2 a. Calculate the trip time for thermal relay
b. Calculate the thermal alarm time (stage 88%)
Check that the differential element blocking with
communication failure
4 Check Back Up Over Current Protection As per
5 Check all BI & output contacts
6 Check power supply indication
7 Check all LED are working

2. Stability & Sensitivity Test by simulation of external and As per
internal faults (if possible with high burden
primary injection set for short
power cables)
(by secondary injection,
especially if Stability &
Sensitivity test via primary
injection is not possible)
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4.20 Auto Re-closer function


Check the operating
 Simulate the digital Input as trip and CB closed.
 After the dead time, the re-closer signal will be
generated by the relay.
 Repeated tripping of the breaker will result in another
closing shot (depending on the setting for dead time
and the setting for number of shots)
1
 After the final closing of Circuit breaker, apply the trip
and notice that the relay will be locked out without any
issuance of re-closer command.
 Repeat the test as stated above with different dead
timings.
 Check the re-closer conditions and remove them one
by one and notice the status
2 Check dead times
3 Check reclaim time
4 Check close pulse duration
5 Check reclose signal
6 Check lockout function
7 Check frequent operation function
8 Check circuit breaker fail to close & alarm contact
Check Re-closer blocking depending on the readiness of
9
the circuit breaker.

(check proper re-closing and
lockout during trip test depending
on trip source)
(check proper re-closing and
lockout with local and remote trip
depending on trip source)
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4.21 Transformer Differential Protection (87T)

CT ratios, and matching CT selection is correct for TX type (Star or
2.
Delta) and for Vector Group

1 Check Relay configuration and interface with PC.
2 Through current restrain/stability test. By Secondary Injection
3 Pick-up\drop off differential current I> test.
4 Pick-up\drop off differential current I>> test.
5 Harmonic restraint Test.
6 Slope characteristics Test.
7 Cross blocking function test.
Ensure that the error percentage between set value and actual
8
value within the acceptable limit.
Ensure that relay indicators (LED‟s or Flag) are work properly
9
for set and reset as configuration setting.
Ensure that all relay binary inputs and outputs contacts and
10
annunciations are work properly as configuration setting.
11 Ensure that relay Disturbance fault recorder is work properly.

faults
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4.22 Restricted Earth Fault (REF) Transformer Protection (64NP / 64NS)

General Electrical Test As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable
2 Check Test plug-handle in all positions for static relays.
3 Pick-up \ drop-off differential current or voltage test. For all setting taps (Vs)
4 Non linear resistor (NLR) characteristic test.
5
Ensure that relay indicators (LED‟s or Flag) are work properly
6
for set and reset as configuration setting.
Ensure that all relay binary inputs and outputs contacts and all
7
relay annunciations are work properly as configuration setting.
8 Ensure that relay Disturbance fault recorder is work properly.

faults
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4.23 Over/Under-Frequency & Frequency Rate of Change Protection (81/81R)

4.23.2 Over/Under Frequency Protection Relay Electrical tests

1 General Electrical Tests As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable
2 Check First stage f>, f< Pick up & drop off
3 Check Second stage f>>, f<< Pick up & drop off
4 Check time characteristics with frequency
5 Check frequency rate of change.
6 Check Blocking pickup and reset for Under voltage condition.
Check Percentage error % ( error% = (measured –
12
expected)/expected
Check applied voltage with measured voltage on relay display
14
screen if applicable (for digital relays).

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4.24 Automatic Voltage Regulation & Control (90)

1. General Electrical Tests As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable
2. Regulating Value ∆U % Test.
3. Circulation current ∆I Test if applicable.
4. Raise & Lower command time delay measurement.
5. Over and under voltage blocking test.
6. Over current blocking test.
7.

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4.25 Disturbance & Fault Recorders (DFR)

Check the DFR name plate information for compliance to
2.
approved drawings and equipment/ material list.
3. Check the printer, PC work station, and monitor if available.

1 General Electrical Test As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable.
4 MEASURE A/D REF. BETWEEN TERMINALS.
Ensure that the T/line parameters for DTF feature (if applicable)
8
are available at site.
Check the communication channels from the DFR to the
9 destination (printer, backup hard disk, PC workstation, other
DFR, …etc)
Check the configuration of the Disturbance Fault Recorder for Configure:
following Input Channels as per allocation. - Channel Type
(A) Analogue Input Channels - Channel Name
a- Current Channels
13
b- Voltage Channels
c- Frequency Channels
(B) Digital Input Channels
a- Binary / ON-OFF input Channels.
Check the calibration of Analogue Input Channels
14 a- Off Set or Zero Adjustment
b- Gain adjustment
Trigger Test for input Channels one by one.
(A) Digital Input Channels one by one.
(B) Analogue Input Channels (sensor trigger)
1. Current Channel over Trigger Test at 110 % and
150%of rated current and Final Trigger setting at
110% for Line currents and at 40% for Residual/
Neutral currents.
15
2. Voltage Channel under Trigger Test at 75% and
90% of rated voltage and Final trigger setting at
90%.
3. Frequency Channel under & over trigger Test at
59.8 and 60.2 Hz respectively. Final trigger
setting at 60.2 Hz.
(C) By network from another DFR (cross trigger).
Check the record of triggered inputs in the Disturbance Fault
16
Recorder and compare.
Check different record types & Scales
17 - Continous slow scan
- Fault / Disturbance Record
18 Check availability of spare channels for future extensions. Depending on contract.
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(Check fault recorder event triggers
are received correctly during trip
test)
(Check fault recorder event triggers
and carrier received are received
correctly during end to end test)
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4.26 Sequence of Events Recorder (SOE)

Check the Sequence Of Event recorder name plate
2. information for compliance to approved drawings and
equipment/ material list.
3. Check the printer, PC work station, and monitor if available.

1. General Electrical Test As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable.
Check the communication channels from the S.E.R. to the
2.
destination (printer, backup hard disk, PC workstation, …etc)
Check the configuration of the S.E.R. for digital Input Channels Configure:
3. as per allocation. (Binary / ON-OFF input Channels.) - Channel Type
- Channel Name
4. Trigger Test for digital input Channels one by one.
5. Check the record of triggered inputs in the SER and compare.
6. Check availability of spare channels for future extensions. Depending on contract.

(Check event recorder event
triggers are received correctly
during trip test)
(Check event recorder event
triggers and carrier received are
received correctly during end to end
test)
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4.27 Annunciater
DESCRIPTION
ITEM REMARKS
General Visual Inspection As per 4.1
Ensure that all Annunciation Modules are properly identified

as per the approved drawings and relevant SEC standards
and that the identification does not obscure information
displays.
Check for the correct writings (litra) of alarms.
Check for the correct color coding for trip / non-trip alarms.
Check the total number of annunciator windows it should

have a 10% spare provision for urgent and non-urgent
alarms.
Check specifications on panel cooling …
1 General Electrical Tests As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable.

Check the Lamp Test and confirm that all indications are lighted
4
up.
Test all the alarms and check silence, acknowledge and reset
functions.
5 i- Alarm indication lamp flashes on receipt of alarm.
ii- Pressing Acknowledge does not reset the alarm.
iii- Alarm does not reset until Reset is pressed.
8 Check annunciator regulated alarm output voltage.
Check dual supply operation by disabling primary and back-up
9 supplies one at a time, and check relay indication for supply
healthy/fail.
12 Confirm the annunciator failure alarm to SCADA.

(Check trip alarms during trip test)
(Check alarms during end to end
test:
Trip, Lockout, Auto re-closer, fault
recorder, communication failure,
communication received)
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4.28 Transducers
4.28.1 Mechanical Checks, Visual Inspection
General visual inspection As per 4.1

1
Electrical tests
1 General Electrical Tests As per 4.2 & 4.3 if applicable

Verify that the transducer output range is compatible with the
2
RTU input setting.
WATT TRANSDUCER
Inject the transducer with current and voltage at 20,50,75&100% rating varying the injection angle from 0,90,180,270º
Check the Input Watt and output Ratio error at Different Current
3
and Voltage levels.
Check the Input Watt and output Ratio error at Different Power
4
Factor Angles.
VAR TRANSDUCER
6 Check the Input VAR and output Ratio error at Different VARs.
Check the Input VAR and output Ratio error at Different Power
7
Factor Angles.
VOLTAGE TRANSDUCER
Inject the transducer with voltage at 20,50,75&100% rating.
Check the Input Volt and output Ratio error at Different Voltage
9
Values.
CURRENT TRANSDUCER
Inject the transducer with current at 20,50,75&100% rating.
Check the Input Current and output Ratio error at Different
10
Current Values.
FREQUENCY TRANSDUCER
Inject the transducer with voltage with varying the frequency at 20,50,75&100% rating.
Check the Input Frequency and output Ratio error at Different
11
Frequency Values.
12 Check input signal proportional to the output dc signal Test.
Check the connections according to manufacturer's standard
13
connection procedure
WATT-HOURS TRANSDUCER
for a duration of 15 minutes minimum.
14 Check the accuracy of watt-hour Meter.
15 Check the polarity of the potential transformer.
16 Check the polarity of the current transformer.
Check the connection of the potential and current circuit base
17
on manufacturer‟s standard procedure.
VAR-HOUR TRANSDUCER
for a duration of 15 minutes minimum.
18 Check the accuracy of VAR-hour Meter
19 Check the polarity of the potential transformer
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20 Check the polarity of the current transformer
Check the connection of the potential and current circuit base
21
on manufacturer‟s standard procedure

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4.29 ACSE / ABTS / TOP
Automated Bus Transfer Scheme (ABTS)

Auto Changeover Switching Equipment (ACSE)
Trip On Parallel (TOP)

Check the communication channels like Profibus, Modbus,
2.
Ethernet etc are working.

1 General Electrical Test As per 4.2
2 Check the indications of PLC working OK.
3 Check the Schematic diagram for Automatic Control Schemes.
4 Check the different combinations of Schemes.
Check the conditions for closing standby breaker (bus coupler or
incomer)
a- Check Synchronizing between the Buses.
b- Be sure all Circuit Breakers are in service and in
5
Remote Position.
c- Be sure that all Potential Transformers are in service.
d- All the Potential Transformers MCBs are ON.
e- ABTS / ACSE is on and in service.
Check the Blocking conditions of standby breaker (bus coupler (As per the approved scheme)
or incomer) from closing during following conditions:
a- Sensitive Earth Fault operation.
b- 132 KV or 110 KV or 13.8 KV Bus Bar Differential Relay
operation.
7 c- ABTS off or Out position.
d- If Bus Section Over Current works.
e- Manual opening of CB
f- Overload conditions: Transformer LV O/C or
Transformer winding temperature protection operated.
g- Transformer high side time overcurrent.
f. Prove scheme for opening of bus section breaker to break
parallel of three transformers is functioning.
g. Operation of all alarm, SCADA and SOE outputs from
the panel.
Trip On Parallel scheme Applicable in Central Region
c. Check the manual tripping of one circuit breaker and
selection of the circuit breaker to be closed and in time
of tripping of that selected circuit breaker the fifth circuit
breaker will closed accordingly (13.8 kV three
transformers and two bus section circuit breakers).
Check all alarms, command and back indication of the
scheme to SCADA.

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5.0 PROCEDURE FOR SCHEME AND FUNCTIONAL CHECKS
ITEM NUMBER TEST

Function
5.1 LCC Panel
5.2 Relay Panel
5.3 Control & Mimic Panel
5.4 Transformer Panel
5.5 AVC Panel
5.6 UF Panel
5.7 BB Protection
5.8 ACSE Panel
5.9 Common Alarms
5.10 Final trip test
Stability & Sensitivity
5.11 Bus bar Protection Stability & Sensitivity
5.12 Stuck Breaker Protection Stability & Sensitivity
5.13 Transformer Differential Stability & Sensitivity
5.14 Transformer Restricted Earth Fault Stability and sensitivity
End to End
5.15 End to End Test OHL
5.16 End to End Test UG Feeder or Cable Tail
SCADA
5.17 Command
5.18 Back Indication
5.19 Alarms
5.20 Metering & Readings
Energization
5.21 Pre-Energization Checks
5.22 During Energization Checks
On load measurements
5.23 CT / VT Circuits
On load stability & Directionality
5.24 Cable Differential
5.25 Directional Relays (Distance, Directional Over-current & Earth fault)
5.26 Transformer Differential Stability
5.27 Restricted Earth Fault Stability
5.28 Bus bar protection stability
5.29 Stuck breaker stability
Other
5.30 Recommended Test Equipment
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5.1 General Relay / Control Panel Function Tests

Before testing
All secondary injection and all component tests shall be
completed:
Auxiliaries, timers, contactors, pulse units, annunciators, MCB‟s
1
… etc
All final settings applied as appropriate (timers, pulse units,
annunciators) should be done by the contractor without
witness
Auxiliaries, timers, contactors, pulse units, annunciators, MCB‟s
2
… etc should be test 20% of them with witness
Verify that each supply is wired point to point, with no
unsupervised branches. Supervision is checked by wire removal
at every point in the circuit to make sure the supervision flag
drops.
5
Check that the ability to access to every equipment terminal is
easy
6
Check DC source and DC loops (control, interlock & power
supply)
7
Check DC Segregation for opening / tripping circuit, closing
circuit, & alarm circuit.
Check AC and DC MCB grading.
8 Check the supply change over function
9 Check AC source and AC loops
10 Check the thermostat and the heaters
11 Check the AC lamp and DC lamp and door switch
12 Check AC socket
13 Check the ferrules
14 Check the labels
15 Check DC supervision
16 Check AC supervision
Check the alarm signal to SCADA, Mosaic panel, Alarm panel,
22 Protection panel, fault recorder including equipment fail and
watchdog alarms.
All control, protection, metering and signaling equipment shall
27 be capable of satisfactory operation at an indoor ambient
temperature of 55°C.
19
Check cable into control kiosk /cubicles/panels are properly
sealed or glanded and terminated on suitable terminals in kiosk.
Check cables for proper shielding and grounding
Check proper Terminal Block arrangement and labeling: As per relevant SEC
- Shorting & Isolating for CT circuits specifications
- Isolating for VT circuits
- Solid Type for control circuits
- Trip Isolation facilities where needed
- Solid type with spring tension for trip circuits
- Knife type for alarms
Check that heat sources such as external resistors are covered
with suitable covers and far away from panel wiring.
Check that CT and VT circuits are facilitated with suitable covers
and caution labels for protection.
Ensure availability of proper test facility depending on the type of
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protection or metering equipment:
 Shorting test facility for current circuits
 Isolating test facility for voltage circuits
 Trip and Alarm isolation when relays are being tested
Check that caution labels and caution clauses in the schematic
drawing are included to prevent accidental on-load opening of
CT circuits.
Check the availability of proper panel lighting controlled by a
door switch and electrically connected to the emergency DC
supply as well.
Check Color coding of panel wiring as per relevant specification
Check that at least 10% spare cable cores are provided and
terminated at the terminal blocks farthest from the cable entry.
Check that percent (10%) spare terminals shall be provided on

each terminal block.
Check that ten percent (10%) spare alarm windows are available
for future modifications
Check that terminal blocks are grouped according to function,

i.e. Power Supplies (AC or DC), VT, CT, DC controls,
annunciation, SOE, SCADA etc. and shall be labeled
accordingly. Terminal blocks for different voltages (AC or DC),
CT, PT shall be located separated DIN rails.
Check that the physical wiring matches the schematic drawings
and that any difference between scheme and implementation or
correction in interface points is marked up in green and red ink.
Wire rating, color coding, cross section, ferruling, trip markers
('T') and DC supply markers ('+' , '-') at random
Protective shrouds on high voltage areas in the panel such as
CT terminal blocks with caution labels, protective shrouds on
exposed resistors for high impedance protection relays,
protective shrouds on metrosils for REF … etc
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5.1 Local Control Cubicle (LCC) Panel Function Test

Panel condition, cleanliness, organization, labeling, readiness
2.
for service, panel doors, handles...etc

1. General Function Tests As per 5.1
Check proper arrangement and labeling of all bays and compartments in the
2.mimic diagram on the LCC panel, and that these labels agree with the switchgear
layout, the mimic panel in the control room and the approved drawings.
3.
Check proper labeling and arrangement of gas and hydraulic diagrams on the
LCC panel.
If withdrawable circuit breakers are used for isolating purposes then indication of
4. circuit breaker “service”, “test” and “withdrawable” positions shall be provided on
the panel and connected to SCADA interface panel.
Check All panel alarms, initiated from the main source (contact of gauge,
5. breaker...etc) to all destinations (control room , common alarm panel, LCC
Annunciator , SCADA)
6.
Make sure that all mechanism compartments are easily accessible and properly
arranged for future maintenance or inspection.
Check local (Switchgear mechanism compartment and LCC panel) and remote
7. (control room and SCADA back indication) equipment position indication of all
switchgear , including half way position indication.
Operation
8. Check the function of circuit breakers ( open – close – trip1 – trip2) Local & remote1
Check CB Anti Pumping Function / Trip Free Function
Step 1: Ensure Gas, Air and DC Supply is normal for the CB
under test.
Step 2: Close the Breaker Electrically and Hold the Control
Switch in „CLOSE‟ position.
9.
Step 3: Trip the Breaker by Externally extending the DC Supply
to Trip Circuit.
(Not by any trip relays which is used for close interlock)
Step 4: Observe the Breaker to „TRIP‟ and remain in „OPEN‟
position & does not close.
Step 5: Thus Anti Pumping function found working with the above
sequence.
10. Check CB Anti-Slam Function
11. Check the function of the isolators and earth switches ( open – close) Local & remote
12. Check local and remote (from control room & SCADA) operation of CB, DS, ES.
13. Check the all auxiliary contacts (52-a /52-b) of the circuit breaker and the DS / ES
14. Check breaker lock out positions eg. for SF6 low stage 1 / stage 2
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Interlocking
15.
Check the interlock circuit compared with the approved drawing and ensure also
that there are interlock between mechanical and electrical operation
Check that the interlock circuit is normally blocking even with DC failure.
16.
In the design of the scheme continuously energized relays shall be avoided as far
as possible. It shall operate in a “fail-safe” mode by ensuring that interlock release
conditions are established only by energizing a relay or relays.
17.
Ensure that lockable switch is provided at each local control kiosk to manually
over-ride the interlocking for that switchgear bay.
18.
Ensure that Manual operation of all earthing switches and maintenance earthing
devices is only possible under electrical interlock release conditions.
19.
Check operation blocking during half way position or disconnector / earth switch
failure.
20.
For withdraw-able circuit breakers check mechanical interlocking between earth
switches and breaker rack-in rack-out operation.
21. Check mechanical interlocking conditions as per approved interlock diagram.
22.
Check proper operation of de-interlocking selector switch and ASSURE the
lockability of this selector if available.
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5.2 Relay & Control Panel Function Test

Panel condition, cleanliness, organization, labeling, readiness
2.
for service, panel doors, handles...etc
General Electrical Tests for Protection Relays As per 4.2 & 4.3
General Function Tests As per 5.1
Trip circuit supervision
 Verify integrity of individual trip circuit supervision,
including pre-closing and closed CB supervision.
 Make sure wiring is made point to point with no
branched connections to make sure that all trip supplies
are supervised
 Disable Trip circuits individually and verify that the other
circuit is healthy and operable
 Trip circuit supervision should have indication on both
the control panel and in the alarm scheme
Verify tripping arrangement as per approved schematic
drawings, example:
 First main protection to trip on circuit 1
As per approved scheme
 Second main to trip on circuit 2
 Busbar protection or breaker fail or Transformer
differential protection to trip on both TC1 and TC2
Check wiring for bus bar protection loop and CBF relay, check
CBF supply is ok, check CBF initiation from all trip relays, and
that all trips (even mechanical trips) initiate trip relays, which
then initiate the CBF.
When specified, the relay panel should incorporate proper In/out
facility:
 Locally or remotely operated (SCADA)
 Indication and or Alarm of the status of the protection (in
or out)
 Disconnecting alarm and trip contacts when in out
position
 Bus-bar zone out of service will still trip depending on
check zone (for discrimination zone out), or depending
on discrimination zone (for check zone out of service)
Verify the use of close blocking lockout relays and auto resetting
trip relays is as per scheme depending on the type of protection
operated.
Mimic & Indication
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 Verify that the mimic diagram and equipment labeling is
correct and matches the switchgear layout, the LCC
panel, and the approved drawings.
 Verify that the indication in the mimic panel matches the

indication in the LCC panel and the actual position of
CB/DS/ES be it open, closed, moving (flickering), or
middle position (flickering).
 Availability and operation of lamp test switches
Local Remote Operation
 Check the discrepancy switches for proper operating

(open, close) and check their contact arrangement to
match the schematic drawings for number of contacts
and type of contact (NO, NC)
 Check the availability of lockable local/remote switches

and check local and remote operation of the switch gear
from the control panel and SCADA and ensure that the
electrical interlocking is maintained for remote operation
of the switchgear from the mimic/control panel.
 Check commands and back indication with SCADA

interfacing panel.
Metering
 Check that meters are available in the correct scales for

the rating of the equipment and that they have been
tested and final set (for digital equipment) correctly and
are properly labeled.
 Check availability of proper test facility for testing of
panel meters, this facility MUST have proper polarity
wiring for accurate testing.
Synchronizing panel:
a. Verify the required conditions to connect the voltage

transformers of selected feeder to the Synchro-check
system
b. Verify synchronizing interlock such as:
 Following selection of synchronize operation on
the feeder, selection on any other feeders shall
be prevented until the system has reset.
 MCB trip for the required P.T shall prevent
synchronizing system operation
c. Verify C.B closing with automatic synchronizing from
local and SCADA, also check manual synchronizing
d. Check the function of the bypass selector switch from
SCADA and local.
Check operation of indication & alarm lamps.
Check that alarm and also a visual indication shall appear on
the substation central signaling system and the signal shall also
be wired with a potential free N.O. contact to the SCADA
interface cubicle for transmission to LDC.
Check that alarm system failure contacts initiates alarm to
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SCADA
Check that all substation support systems (communication
equipment, battery room MCB's, Battery chargers, Fire As per approved alarm list or
protection, HVAC control panel …etc) are incorporated in the relevant alarm specification.
substation general alarm scheme.
Check that successful AC or DC automated bus transfer does
not initiate any AC or DC supply fail alarms (that AC and DC fail
alarms are non latching and that annunciator time setting is
compatible with ATS change over settings).
Check proper time and color setting for alarms (trip and non trip
/ urgent and non-urgent) as per alarms specification.
Check zone selection for BB protection loop depending on
14
isolator position.
Bus bar trips and trip conditions (by simulation from the source
15
panel (bus bar panel)
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5.4 Transformer Function Test
5.4.1 Transformer Relay & Control Panel Function Test
5.4.1.1General Mechanical checks and visual inspection
A General checks
2. Relay & Control Panel Function Tests As per 5.3
B Protection Panel Check
Verify the distribution of main and backup protections on the
3.
protection supplies R1,R2,R3,R4)
Mechanical protection tripping by simulation from the source
contact for EVERY mechanical protection from the source (from
4.
the protection device itself, not from the GTMK panel and not
from the TX panel).
C Control Panel Check
Mimic has to be ok, color coding for HV, MV, and tertiary if
5.
applicable for single line should be correct.
Check interlocking between isolators and breakers and between
6.
HV and MV breakers (test / service conditions)
D Fire Protection Panel Check
DC supply and supervision for supplies shared between the
7.
relay panel and the fire protection control panel.
Verify proper interfacing between fire protection scheme and
transformer protection scheme:
8.  Trip both sides of the transformer
 Disconnect Transformer cooling fan motors
 Initiate water spray system in the Transformer Room
Assure the connection fire protection alarm scheme to the
substation alarm scheme for fire protection ready, healthy,
9. operated, water low …etc
Ensure that alarms are received at the Transformer control
panel annunciator and reaching to SCADA.
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5.4.2 Transformer Marshalling Kiosk (GTMK) function test
General Mechanical checks and visual inspection
Electrical tests

Check the operation of Fans automatic, manual, local and
2.
remote positions.
Verify trip commands for transformer mechanical protection
3.
relays (Buchloz relay, Over Temperature protection, etc)
Check the supply changeover for fan motor circuit during:
4.  AC MCB trip
 Main source failure (under-voltage condition)
Ensure that spare CT cores for bushing CT's and NER CT are
5. wired to the GTMK panel and shorted using proper short/isolate
facility.
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5.5 Automatic Voltage Control Panel Function Test

Electrical tests

2. General Function Tests As per 5.1 & 5.2
Ensure that all standard electrical tests of PT that feeds AVR by
3.
voltage signal are done.
Ensure that all standard electrical tests of CT that feeds AVR by
4.
voltage signal are done (if CT applicable).
Ensure that the phase sequence of voltage which starts from PT
5.
secondary to AVR is correct.
Ensure that the phase sequence of current which starts from CT
6.
secondary to AVR is correct (if CT applicable).
Check that the Remote Tap Position Indicator matches the
7. indication on the Local Tap Position Indicator and the indication
sent to SCADA
Check local operation interlocking for Raise & Lower commands
8. depending on Local / Remote and Auto / Manual Selector
switches.
Check remote operation interlocking for Raise & Lower
9. commands depending on Local / Remote and Auto / Manual
Selector switches.
Check that Raise & Lower commands to the tap changer are
blocked during tap changer operation for manual commands
10.
and that AVC delay time setting is greater than tap changer step
time.
11. Check panel indication for tap change in progress
Ensure that all OLTC alarms are wired to the AVC panel and
12. incorporated in the alarm scheme (to SCADA) (OLTC AC / DC
fail, tap changer out of step, OLTC Bucholz, ..etc)
13. If applicable, check remote operation of transformer fans.
Check SCADA control and back indication of Auto/Manual
14.
voltage control scheme.
15. Check master / follower scheme
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5.6 Load Shedding & Under Frequency Panel Function Test

Electrical tests

1. General Function Tests As per 5.1 & 5.2
2. Check the trip matrix of the frequency relay for each stage.
Check the trip matrix of the under-voltage relay for each stage
3.
(if applicable)
4. Check the Voltage Change over Scheme.
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5.7 Bus Bar Protection Panel Function Test
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5.8 ACSE / ABTS / TOP Function Test
Auto Changeover Switching Equipment
Automated Bus Transfer Scheme
Trip On Parallel Scheme
Visual Inspection

Item Description Remarks
1.
General Function Tests As per 5.1 & 5.2
2. Study the different schemes for automatic closing of the spare
or the parallel running Transformer incomer Breakers or Bus
Couplers in case of tripping of any transformer available in the
Schematic diagram,
3. Check the Schemes by tripping of the different transformers
one by one and changeover of the switchgears are according to
the Scheme.
4. Check the blocking of Changeover for the Blocking Conditions
of Auto Changeover of Switchgears.
5. Check the Scheme opening of Bus Couplers or Incomers in
case of energization of tripped Transformer.
6. Check all interlocking functions before closing the Bus Couplers
or incomers.
7. Check panel indication for:
 ACSE/ABTS ready
 ACSE/ABTS close command failed
 TOP scheme selected
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5.9 Common Alarms Panel Function Test and Alarm Scheme Test
Visual Inspection

Item DESCRIPTION REMARKS
Study the schematic diagrams for alarm showing auxiliary

2. contacts for operation of different equipments, relays or
breakers.
Generate the alarms by removing wire or jumpering the NC or
3.
NO contacts .
Check the alarms in the S.E.R. outputs, annunciation panel and
4. the SCADA system at Remote Terminal Unit are in the same
sequence as generated.
Check the alarm wording in the S.E.R. outputs, annunciation
5. panel and the SCADA system at Remote Terminal Unit are
correctness and understandable.
Check the outputs on the resetting of alarms.
6.
Check alarm scheme supply changeover
7.
Check the alarm scheme for proper initiation of the common
8. buzzer or horn from all connected annunciators in the control
room.
Check alarm failure contacts to SCADA
9.
Check alarm windows for labeling, colors, and time delay As per approved alarms
10.
settings for trip/non-trip alarms organization
Check that any alarm 'sleep mode' selector switches are
11.
lockable type switches and check their operation.
Check lamp test facilities and silence, acknowledge and reset
12.
buttons for proper operation.
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5.10 Final Trip Test
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
1. Perform Tripping & Inter-Tripping of Power Transformer Controlling

Breakers through test contact of Buchholz Relay, OLTC Protective
relay, Oil & Winding temperature protection.
2. Perform Tripping & Inter –Tripping of Power Transformer Controlling
Breakers through each Electrical Protection by closing tripping
contacts through secondary injection on the protection relays above
the final setting.
3. Perform Tripping of Shunt reactor Controlling Breakers through test
contact of Buchholz Relay, OLTC Protective relay, Oil & Winding
temperature protection.
4. Perform Tripping of Shunt reactor Controlling Breakers through each
Electrical Protection by closing tripping contacts.
5. Perform Tripping of Capacitor Bank Controlling Breakers through
each Electrical Protection by closing tripping contacts.
6. Perform Tripping & Inter-Tripping of Controlling breakers of
Feeders/Transmission lines through each protection installed by
closing tripping contact through secondary injection on the
protection relays above the final setting.
7. Perform Tripping of Controlling Breakers of Bus Bar Schemes
through Bus Bar Differential Protection by closing tripping contact of
the relay through secondary injection on the protection relays.
8. Perform Tripping & Inter –Tripping for Breaker Failures schemes
through secondary injection on the CBF relay with simulated
initiation from the source contact on every protection relay.
9. Perform Tripping of Bus Coupler/Sectionalizer by closing trip
contacts of the relays installed through secondary injection on the
protection relays.
10. Ensure that every protection operated (during secondary injection
trip test) initiates CBF scheme
11. Ensure that every protection trips through it's desired trip circuit
independently by disabling the other trip circuit before secondary
injection.
12. Ensure that both trip circuits are normalized at the end of the trip
test.
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5.11 Bus Bar Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test
The following activities should be completed before start the bus

bar stability test
 Secondary injection for bus bar protection relays
 Final Settings Applied for the bus bar protection relays.
 Function Tests and scheme check for Relay and Control
Panels (for proper command and indications).
1  Function Tests and scheme check in GIS (for proper operation
of the breaker)
 Proper Operation of Bus-bar Protection and Circuit Breaker
Fail schemes
Close bus bar disconnector Q1 for two feeders one feeder will
be reference and another will be test feeder .Apply primary
2 Injection (inject 25% from primary current) to the red phase for
reference and test feeders.
Check the bay unit measuring current. Check stable current Is

3 and differential current Id values in the bus zone and check zone.
Differential current Id should be zero
For sensitivity test, reverse the CT polarity and check stable

4 current Is and differential current Id values. Check the proper bus
bar zone which shall be operated.
5 Repeat the previous steps with bus bar disconnector Q 2 is

closed for reference and test feeders
6 Repeat the above steps for the yellow and blue phases
7 Repeat the test for all feeders

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5.12 Stuck Breaker Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test

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5.13 Transformer Differential Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test

Inspect for defects and physical damage from shipping
1
and handling.
Ensure that there is no foreign material, moisture, dust,
2
etc., inside panels and device cases.
Ensure the mimic bus provides an accurate representation
3 and that all switchgear identification is accurate and as
assigned by Systems Operations Department.
Check that panel equipment is mounted securely and
4 protected against mal operation due to vibration, shock,
etc.
4.5.2 Transformer Stability Test Electrical Checks

1 Check CT loop test before short circuit test
make sure there is no more than one earthing point on the
2
CT at the secondary circuit.
Check that Transformer is short-circuited at the secondary
3
side after the secondary Side CT.
Check the balance and phase sequence of the three
4 phases power supply at the primary side of the
transformer
Check the phase angle between primary and secondary
5 current for each phase depending on the transformer
vector group.
Check the reading of Primary, Secondary and differential
6
Currents.
If the primary voltage value is high enough to make high
7
current enough check the relay operating value.
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3 phases Voltage applied should be < Ucc
voltage supply
A B C
P1
I1
Id
Temporarily
I2 short circuit
P1
CT single earth point should be finalized as per approved logic diagram

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5.14 Restricted Earth Fault Protection Stability & Sensitivity Test
- It is known that the restricted earth fault protection aims to protect the star windings (primary or
secondary windings or both) of the power transformers used in transmission networks and this type
of relay is used to protect the transformer windings against internal earth faults.
- As shown, the protective circuit consists of 4 CTS (a CT for each phase and one for the neutral
point); the four CTS are connected in parallel with the REF relay as in the figure.
Stability Test Procedure

1 Check the correct terminal connections.
2 Ensure that the relay is operating as required at the internal fault
cases by making the stability test as shown.
3 Ensure that the transformer windings are short-circuited (before the
CT's) between the 3 phases and the neutral.
4 By using a current injection source, inject current on each phase
separately outside REF protection zone, the current path will be as
shown in blue while the secondary current path will be as shown in
red and the relay will not operate and this indicates the correct case
(Stable Case).
5 If the relay operates wrong in previous case, ensure that there is no
saturation in any of the CTS or any wrong circuit connection.
6 By using a current injection source, inject current on each phase
separately inside REF protection zone, the relay will operate and
this indicates the correct case (Unstable Case).
7 If the relay not operates in previous case, ensure that there is no
saturation in any of the CTS or any wrong circuit connection.
8 Ensure that short-circuit of the transformer windings between the 3
phases and the neutral are removed.
High impedance relay should be tested as trip/no trip with short duration of current
injection
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5.15 End To End Test for Over Head Line Feeders
The next activity should be completed before start the end

to end test
 Secondary injection for main relays (Distance, Directional
Earth Fault, and Over-Current).
 Final Settings Applied for the main relays.
 Function Tests for Relay and Control Panels (for proper
1
command and indications).
 Function Tests in GIS (for proper operation of the breaker)
 Fault & Event Recorders commissioned and properly
interfaced.
Fail schemes
Simulate all the commands (trip, block, communication
failure, auto re-close…etc) that will be sent to the remote
2
end from the output contacts of your protection and
control relays as per the scheme provided.
POTT ( permissive over reach transfer trip) This is accomplished by secondary
1. Check if Z1 fault , trip with Z1 time and CS to the injection on your Distance relay.
remote end
2. Check if Z1B fault with CR , trip with Z1B time and CS
3 to the remote end
3. Check if Z1B fault without CR , trip with Z2 time and CS
to the remote end
4. Check if Z2 to Z5 fault , trip with Zone time without CS
to the remote end
PUTT ( permissive under reach transfer trip)
1. Check if Z1 fault , trip with Z1 time and CS to the
remote end
4 2. Check if Z1B fault with CR , trip with Z1B time and
without CS to the remote end
3. Check if Z1B fault without CR , trip with Z2 time and
without CS to the remote end
Week infeed function
1. echo only
Check if C.B off & carrier receive the Echo signal send
immediately.
Check if C.B. on & carrier receive the Echo signal send
5 after time delay (according to setting).
2. echo and trip
Check if C.B off & carrier receive the Echo signal send
immediately without local trip.
Check if C.B. on & carrier receive local trip and Echo signal
send after time delay (according to setting).
Check the DTT scheme as follows:
 With DTT -1 receive and both channel healthy CB
Tripping / L,O operated. ( on trip)
 With DTT -2 receive and both channel healthy CB
6 Tripping / L,O operated. ( no trip)
 With DTT -1 receive and other channel faulty CB
Tripping / L,O operated. (trip)
 With DTT -2 receive and other channel faulty CB
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 DTT -1 & DTT -2 receive and both channel healthy CB
 DTT -1 & DTT -2 receive and both channel faulty CB
Tripping / L,O operated. ( no trip)
7 Repeat the previous tests at remote end
What about directional earth fault (DEF)?

What about auto re-closer blocking or AR start?
What about checking CS and CR at Fault Recorder?
What about SOTF (Inter-trip send on delay channel to cause A/R block)?
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5.16 End To End Test for Under Ground Cable Feeders

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5.17 SCADA Commands Tests
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
Check the wirings of the SCADA Command from RTU.

1.
Check the farrule of Cable.
2.
Initiate the Commands from the Control Centre and check
3.
the operation at equipments one by one.
Confirm that the command from the control centre and
4.
operation of the equipment same.
Take the print of commands & events for record and
5.
match.
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5.18 SCADA Back Indication Tests
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
Check the wirings of the SCADA Back Indications from

1.
RTU.
Check the ferrule of Cable.
2.
Initiate the Commands from the Control Centre and
3.
check the back indication at RTU and Control Centre.
Confirm that the command and Back Indication of the
4.
equipment same.
Take the print of commands & Back Indication and
5.
match.
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5.19 SCADA Alarms Tests
DESCRIPTION REMARKS
Check the wirings of the SCADA Alarm from RTU.

1.
Check the ferrule of Cable.
2.
Initiate the Alarms from the equipments and check the
3.
Alarms at RTU and Control Centre.
Confirm that the Alarms initiated and at the RTU and
4.
Control Centre are same.
Take the print from S.O.E. & at RTU and Control Centre
5.
and match.
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5.20 Metering and Readings through SCADA to ECC
Study the schematic diagrams for metering and

1.
transducers generating signals for the SCADA.
Supply the currents, and voltages to the transducers by
2. the secondary injections and take the readings from the
Remote Terminal Unit of SCADA.
Compare the inputs and the readings at Remote Control
3.
Unit.
Check the readings of voltages up to two digits, currents
4. up to three digits and frequency up to one digit after
decimal point.
Check the sums, maximum, minimum, averages values
5.
etc. at Remote Terminal Unit of SCADA.
What about up to ECC pre-energization?

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5.21 Pre-Energization Confirmation Checks

All in service CT circuit shorting is removed.
1
All VT circuits MCBs closed, fuses in place.
2
All supplies to protection, control, switchgear, etc., are
3 normal.
No abnormal relay targets, alarms, SCADA SOE

4 indications.
All relays have approved settings applied and have been

5 fully tested and are in service.
All switchgear and other power equipment testing is

6 completed.
All protection equipment is properly labeled.

7
All fire/smoke alarm systems are fully tested and in service.
8
All necessary fire fighting equipment is on site and
9
accessible without obstruction
Confirm all men and tools are clear of equipment to be
10 energized and that all personnel are aware of the pending
energization.
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Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 195 OF 227
5.22 During Energization Confirmation Checks

Phasing Checks
Before paralleling two sources, phasing shall be absolutely
proven by selectively energizing a common three phase VT set
from the two sources one at a time and checking the phasing
(voltage and phase angle) of the VT set to a reference potential
whose source shall remain unchanged for the duration of the
test.
For example, if one new incoming line to an existing station is to
2 be energized, use the existing incoming line „A‟ phase to neutral
potential as a reference and measure and record the new line
VT secondary three phase voltage and phase angles when
energized from the remote end only. Then after opening the
remote end of the new line, energize the new line from the local
station only and repeat the voltage and phase angle
measurements, the results of the two tests should be identical
(within a few degrees) if phasing is correct. Where possible,
phasing sticks can be used
In Service Checks
j. Immediately after energization, in-service/on-load
checks should be taken and recorded by measuring the
magnitude and phase of all voltage and current circuits
to a common reference at all of the test points available
to prove VT and CT connection, ratio and polarity.
k. Check and record all panel meter readings to compare
with CT/VT measurements in the control circuits.
l. As soon as sufficient load is available, all directional
and distance type relays shall have their operating
direction proven using in service voltages and currents.
m. Directional earth fault relays shall be proven by
selectively isolating in service voltages and currents to
provide a range of simulated fault conditions.
n. For REF and bus differential relays, check to ensure
minimal spill currents in service. Test the differential
circuit by isolating one service current from the
summation to force operation and prove the summation
3
circuit is not shorted.
o. For transformer differential circuits, check spill currents
at minimum, center and maximum transformer taps.
Spill current at minimum and maximum taps should be
similar with near zero spill current on the center tap
position if the auxiliary CTs are selected to the correct
tap.
p. Check transformer AVR operation in independent and
parallel modes as applicable. Manually raise (lower)
the transformer(s) two taps and place them back in
AUTO to observe the automatic return to the correct
voltage tap. Confirm operation from SCADA and in all
possible operating modes.
q. Functionally test the ABTS scheme by operating
transformer protection to trip the breakers and initiate
the system.
r. Check in service reclosing for OHTL circuits by
operating the protection to initiate trip and reclose.
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Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 196 OF 227
Master Follower Scheme

(parallel operation test and minimum circulation current. …etc)
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Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 197 OF 227
5.23 On Load tests for CT/VT Circuits
Make your own measurements of the secondary current

for all phases and in neutral with Clamp meter in metering
1
and protection cores, the values should be in accordance
with the ratios of the cores.
Check and record all panel meter readings to compare
2 with CT measurements in the control circuits.
For protection devices with built in metering functions

3 check current, voltage magnitudes, and phase angles, real
and reactive power.
Check the direction of power, active component and
4
reactive components (power in line direction is positive).
Check power factor cosØ with power analyzer. This
5 should be positive.
For PT Circuit check Secondary Voltage between phases
6 and the neutral with volt meter which should be in
accordance to the PT ratio.
Check phase rotation with a phase rotation meter
7
connected across the three phases.
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PART II
Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 198 OF 227
5.24 On Load Line/Cable Differential Protection Stability & Sensitivity
Inject appropriate primary current to cable ( for example 1. Repeat all these check at every
1
200A) phase
Check the current in the two ends 2. Calculate Idiff and Irest and
Check the reading of the current value in both ends (should compare them with the
2 be same) measured value. And calculate
Check Idiff and Irest in both ends ( should be same in both the errors
ends)
3 Reverse the polarity of one end CT and inject current
Check the current in the two ends
Check the reading of the current value in both ends
4
Check Idiff and Irest in both ends
Check if Idiff and Irest exceed the limit the relay will trip
Ensure that the new Feeder was energized without any load for one
1
hour at least before on load Test.
Ensure to decrease the tripping time of over current protection to
2
less than 0.5 sec (if DMT O\C).
3 Ensure that the tripping of Line or Cable differential Relay is
ISOLATED to prevent false operation of relay.
4 Ensure that the Feeder is loaded by 25% at least form its rated
current.
5 Read phases currents and phases angles must be balance and
measure the differential current must be Zero in stable case.
6 Check the relay performance (Trip Action) at unstable condition by
reversing the current direction by one of the following methods :
1- Reverse the current direction from relay software.
2- Reverse two Current phases by reversing current wire (must
prevent opening of CT circuit by making short circuit for
current pass).
3- By short one current phase with neutral to make current
unbalance
7 Ensure that all hardware connections are ok as per drawing and
tightness and ferules are ok.
8 Ensure that the tripping of differential relay is in services after
finished the test.
9 Ensure that the tripping time of over current protection as final
setting after finished the test (if DMT O\C).
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PART II
Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 199 OF 227
5.25 On Load Confirmation of Relay Directionality
(Distance / Directional Over-Current and Earth Fault protections)
Ensure that the new Feeder was energized without any load for one
1
hour at least before on load Test.
Ensure to decrease the tripping time of over current protection to
2
less than 0.5 sec (if DMT O\C).
3 Ensure that the tripping of Directional Relay is ISOLATED to prevent
false operation of relay.
4 Ensure that VT fail function of directional Relay is switched off to
prevent relay block.
5 Ensure that the Feeder is loaded by 25% at least form its rated
current.
6 Check the Power direction by checking the current direction, if the
feeder export in this case the active power will be forward (+ive),
and wise versa the power will be reverse (– ive).
7 By removing phase (R) voltage signal, Ensure that the relay will trip
or pick up at forward active power and wise versa the relay will not
Trip or pick up if the active power was reversed by reversing the
current direction by :
4- Reverse the current direction from relay software.
5- Reverse two voltage phases by reversing voltage wire.
8 Repeat Step (6) for (S) and (T) voltage phases, and check relay
performance.
9 Ensure that all hardware connections are ok as per drawing and
tieness and ferules are ok.
10 Ensure that the tripping of Directional relay is in services after
finished the test.
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PART II
Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 200 OF 227
5.26 Transformer Differential Protection On Load Stability Tests
Electrical Tests

Check that the loading of the transformer is not less than
1
25% form its rated current.
Check the phase angle between primary and secondary
2 current for each phase depending on the transformer
vector group.
Check the readings of Primary, Secondary and differential
3
Currents.
Using a calibrated phase angle meter

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PART II
Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 201 OF 227
5.27 Restricted Earth Fault Protection On Load Stability Tests
Electrical tests

Ensure that the new transformer was energized without any load for
1
one hour at least before on load stability.
Ensure that the tripping time of over current protection not more
2
than 0.5 sec (if DMT O\C).
3 Ensure that the tripping of REF is Isolated to prevent false operation
of relay.
4 Ensure that the transformer is loaded by 25% at least form its rated
current.
5 By mean of clamp meter, check the current balance of all phases or
read the current and angles of phases if the relay is digital.
6 For high impedance REF, by using mean of volt meter, ensure that
the voltage across relay coil terminal almost equal to zero which
related to differential current.
7 For Low impedance REF, by using mean of Clamp meter, ensure
that the differential current pass through relay coil almost equal to
zero or read the differential current if the relay is digital.
8 Ensure that the tripping of REF is in services after finished the test.
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PART II
Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 202 OF 227
5.28 Bus Bar Protection On Load Stability Tests
The following activities should be completed before start the bus

bar stability test
 Secondary injection for bus bar protection relays
 Final Settings Applied for the bus bar protection relays.
 Function Tests and scheme check for Relay and Control
Panels (for proper command and indications).
1  Function Tests and scheme check in GIS (for proper operation
of the breaker)
Fail schemes
Close bus bar disconnector Q1 for two feeders one feeder will
be reference and another will be test feeder .Apply primary
2 Injection (inject 25% from primary current) to the red phase for
reference and test feeders.
Check the bay unit measuring current. Check stable current Is

3 and differential current Id values in the bus zone and check zone.
Differential current Id should be zero
For sensitivity test, reverse the CT polarity and check stable

4 current Is and differential current Id values. Check the proper bus
bar zone which shall be operated.
5 Repeat the previous steps with bus bar disconnector Q2 is

closed for reference and test feeders
6 Repeat the above steps for the yellow and blue phases
7 Repeat the test for all feeders

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Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 203 OF 227
5.29 Stuck Breaker Protection On Load Stability Tests

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Title: INDEX NO.

PAGE 204 OF 227
5.30 Recommended Test Equipment
Type of Test Recommended Equipment Description

Secondary Injection – low GE – Programma - Freja Integrated relay test bench for current, voltage and
burden 300 with 3 digit resolution frequency tests with built in binary inputs and outputs
and built in timer.
Secondary Injection – high GE – Programma - Sverker Integrated relay test bench for current & voltage tests
burden 750 with built in binary inputs and built in timer.
Primary Injection – low Omicron – CPC 100 Primary injection tester capable of injection up to
burden 200A continuous current and up to 300A for
15minutes.
Primary Injection – high GE - Programma – Oden A Primary injection tester capable of injection up to
burden 1000A continuous current.
CT Tests (polarity, ratio, Omicron – CT Analyzer Integrated CT tester: capable of completing all CT
winding resistance, tests within 3 minutes and features accurate
magnetization curve) calculation of CT Error ratio by applying varying
burden during testing.
Insulation Resistance Megger – BM11D Insulation resistance tester with up to 5kV applied
voltage and with a built in timer
Stability & Sensitivity tests Zera Phase Angle Meter
On-load directionality tests
Distance & Impedance relays GE – Programma – Freja
300 with laptop and
software
Auxiliary relays -- Suitable wattage variable resistor (up to 2A) for
testing relays from a stable substation DC DB.
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
INDEX NO.
Attachments PAGE NUMBER

PAGE 205 OF 227
ATTACHMENTS
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
COMMISSIONING TIME REDUCTION AGREEMENT PAGE NUMBER

ATTACHMENT NO. 12 PAGE 206 OF 227
Agreement to Reduce Time of Pre-Commissioning (Optional)
AGREEMENT BETWEEN SEC AND CONTRACTOR TO REDUCE PRE-

COMMISSIONING TIME FOR _____________PROJECT
UNDER CONTRACT NO. ________________
Date & Place: _________________
In order to reduce pre-commissioning time for __________Project, the following agreement is being
made between SEC and the contractor.
1. Site Conditions
The following shall be ensured at site before start of SEC witnessing:
a. Testing area is free from all construction activities.

b. There is no safety hazard in the testing area and its vicinity.
c. Stable auxiliary supply is available for testing purposes.
d. Adequate cooling/heating arrangement as the case may be, is available in the control room.
e. Adequate lighting is provided to safely carry out the testing activities.
2. Tools and Equipment
All the tools and equipment with valid calibration certificate shall be available at site.
3. Documents
The following documents shall be available at site before start of SEC witnessing:
a. Approved drawings bearing very clear name and signature of the approving authority with
approval stamp on each sheet along with complete approval correspondence.
b. The manuals giving detailed test procedure of each equipment, technical data of all
electrical equipment, factory test records of all equipment, cable schedules, equipment
interconnection wiring schedule and wiring tables/diagrams.
c. SEC approved test procedure and test formats carrying approval stamp with name and
signature of the approving authority.
d. The project specifications and protection requirements.
e. List of deviations from SEC specs and SEC approval letters for the same.
4. Relay Settings
a. The contractor shall submit his proposed relay settings for all settable relays one month
before starting of pre-commissioning witnessing.
b. SEC-Engineering Protection Division shall provide final approved settings before pre-
commissioning witnessing is started.
c. Pre-commissioning witnessing will not be started in the absence of approved relay settings,
in order to avoid re-setting.
d. Commissioning Program.
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Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.

e. Overall testing commissioning program indicating requirements of Protection, Testing,
Operation, Maintenance and SCADA witness engineers with duration shall be furnished to
SEC for approval.
f. A three-week testing program based on the approved overall program shall be submitted
every Tuesday indicating the proposed activities for the following two weeks and this
program will indicate activities completed in the current week and the reasons for not
completing any planned activity and its impact on the overall program with proposed
remedial measures.
5. Pre-commissioning Procedures
Pre-commissioning of all equipment shall be carried out in line with SEC Pre-commissioning Procedure and
in line with this agreement.
6. Testing and Commissioning Engineers
a. Availability of qualified commissioning personnel to perform pre-commissioning tests.

b. One Commissioning Engineer from the contractor shall control the site activities and doing
all required coordination.
7. Tests to be Done by the Contractor
The contractor shall demonstrate a sample test for each equipment mentioned under (I-V) according to the
approved test procedure in presence of SEC-Commissioning Personnel and record the results on the
approved test format. If the SEC Commissioning personnel are satisfied with test procedures and results,
the contractor can complete the tests of the remaining equipment under (I-V) accordingly without SEC
present.
I. Secondary injection of all the aux. Relays, MCBs, Timers and O/C or E/F relay.
II. CT‟s magnetic curves.
III. AC/DC Distribution boards.
IV. All VTs.
V. The contractor shall prepare the detailed test procedure and format to perform the functional
tests.
The contractor shall carry out on his own 100% functional tests for all relay panels, control panels, LCCs,
AVC panels and transformer-marshalling kiosk etc. The tests shall ensure the following:
a. Healthiness of all wiring.

b. Each wire has correct ferrules as per SEC Standard.
c. All wires are correctly terminated.
d. The required number of spare terminals has been provided for each terminal block.
e. Required number of spare annunciator windows is available on the control and LCC panels.
f. The accessibility to every equipment terminal is maintained.
g. Complete DC isolation for both protection schemes.
h. Every abnormality in the substation is indicated in the form of annunciator, relay flag, LED or
lamp, etc.
i. Voltage rating of all indicating lamps is 25% higher than substation DC supply.
j. All wires are properly identified.
k. All DC functional checks and the test results for the same shall be tabulated in special
formats and this format shall include the following items:
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Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.

i. The name of relay/equipment under operation.

ii. The flag or LED appeared on any main or auxiliary relay.
iii. Circuit breakers tripped.
iv. Auto-re-closing and auto-reclose blocking functions, etc.
v. The annunciator on the control panel.
vi. Alarm in interface marshaling kiosk.
vii. Inter trip send to the remote end.
viii. Inter trip received at the remote end.

ix. All the above-mentioned functions shall be added as per scheme expectation and
the checking shall be indicated by a tick () mark.
VI. The contractor will use yellow color to indicate the schemes, which have been checked, red
color for addition and green color for deletion.
VII. The contractor shall prepare detailed test record for all the equipment mentioned under (I –
IV) and submit to SEC.
VIII. The contractor shall prepare detailed test record for all the functional tests mentioned under
V. and submit to SEC.
IX. The contractor will be fully responsible for all the above-mentioned tests under (I-V) in all
respects. If the contractor fails to carry out these tests properly, he will re-test all these
under 100% SEC witnessing.
X. The defective equipment if any shall be logged by serial number and location / designation
number and will be promptly replaced.
XI. The protection scheme and control problems shall be cleared from problems to present
them for witness
XII. Four sets of marked up drawings with all the modifications incorporated in red color for
addition, green color for deletion and yellow color to indicate the checked scheme will be
made available before starting witnessing.
Sample Witnessing by SEC
a. The SEC witnessing personnel will select 20% of the equipment covered under I-IV and the
contractor will test all this equipment under SEC witnessing. SEC commissioning personnel
will sign only those test results which will be done under his presence.
b. SEC witnessing engineer/technician will do sample test by 20% of each type of panels with
minimum of 1 of each type. The contractor will carry out all the functional tests as
mentioned under V for these sample-selected panels under witnessing of SEC
commissioning personnel. SEC engineer will sign only those test results, which will be done
under his presence. SEC engineer has the right to witness complete bay in respect of all
panels, i.e., LCC, relay and control panels, etc.
8. 100% Witnessing by SEC
The following tests shall be 100% witnessed by SEC:
a. Secondary injection of all main protection relays except O/C and E/F relays.
b. Auxiliary or lockout relays used as trip relays.
c. Final settings of all substation timers.
d. All indicating and recording meters.
e. All transducers.
f. Primary injection and stability and sensitivity test of all unit protections, i.e., BBP,
transformer differential and REF protection and underground cable protection, etc.
g. Final trip tests, closing tests, SCADA alarm tests. End to end tests, operation and interlock
checks and on-load tests, etc.
h. All tests relating to the fault recorder.
i. RCT, CT insulation, Lead resistance, CT polarity and Single Point Grounding.
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Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.

j. VT polarity, VT ratio and VT circuit.
k. All tests relating to GIS, switchgear, auxiliary transformers, power transformers,
underground cables and battery and battery chargers.
l. AC/DC changeover and supervision scheme tests.
m. All tests relating to signaling equipment.
n. High voltage tests relating to GIS, transformer and underground cable, etc. as applicable.
9. Snag Rectification, Drawing Updating and Test Record:
a. The contractor will promptly attend to all of the snags.

b. Every effort will be done to achieve the goal of “Snag Free Energization”.
c. Three sets of the drawings shall be regularly updated with all the modifications effected from
time to time during pre-commissioning. These modifications will be done in red color for
addition and green color for deletion.
d. Three sets of marked up drawings; O & M manuals and test records shall be available just
before energization of the substation. One set will be kept in a pad-lockable cupboard at
nd
the substation, the 2 one will be handed over to Transmission Department for the office
rd
and the 3 one will be taken by the contractor to prepare the final as built drawing.
10. Signing of Testing Record/Snag Clearance
a. The test record formats will be duly signed by the contractor‟s testing engineer and SEC
Commissioning personnel simultaneously at the completion of formats for any test. No
formats shall be left unsigned for signing next day for quite obvious reasons.
b. SEC Commissioning personnel shall clear the snags after confirming satisfactory
completion and such clearance shall not be deferred to a later date in any case.
11. The contractor will submit complete test record to SEC. This test record will include all the tests
conducted by the contractor on his own and all those tests conducted by him under SEC witnessing.
12. This agreement can also be applied by the contractor to other substations under the same contract.
13. This agreement will be considered null and void at the end of Contract No. _________ and the
contractor will have to make a fresh agreement for any other contract/substation in the future.
For SEC
For Contractor
Names Signature Names Signature
PMD
CSD
Contract No.
Project Title.
Date:
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
JOINT SITE VISIT CHECKLIST PAGE NUMBER

Contract No.
Project Title /
Substation Number
Date of visit
S.N Requirements before start of SEC witnessing: YES NO N/A

1 Site Conditions
a. Testing area is free from all construction activities.
b. Adequate cleanliness and housekeeping.
c. There is no safety hazard in the testing area and its vicinity.
d. Stable power supply is available for testing purpose.
e. Adequate cooling/heating arrangement as the case may be, is
available in the control room.
f. Adequate lighting is provided to safely carry out the testing
activities.
g. Availability of SEC commissioning staff office(two office-
computer-printer- telephone – internet - cupboard)
h. Conference room and meeting facilities
i. Required facilities for commissioning (table -chairs-suitable and
safe furniture)
j. Completion of major civil works including grounding
k. Availability for emergency equipment's(First aids, fire fighting ,
etc)
2 Tools and Equipment
All the tools and equipment with valid calibration certificate shall
be available at site.
3 Documents
a. Scope of work
b. Specifications
c. Protection Requirements (PR)
d. Approved Operation Single Line Diagram(SLD) with CT&VT
e. Approved Base Design For:
GIS
TRANSFORMER
ELECTRICAL BASE DESIGN
(33&13.8KV) SWGR
BATTERY& BATTERY CHARGER
Aux. Transformer
SCADA & TELECOM
NER
RMU
FMK&SMK
PILOT BOX
J. FACTORY TEST RESULT FOR:
GIS
TRANSFORMER
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
JOINT SITE VISIT CHECKLIST PAGE NUMBER

RELAY& CONTROL
(33&13.8KV) SWGR
AC&DC PANELS
BATTERY& BATTERY CHARGER

Aux. Transformer
SCADA & TELECOM
NER
RMU
FMK&SMK
CABLES
PILOT BOX
H. Approved schematic drawings with approval stamp:
Substation copy for emergency usage
Contractor copy to prepare the as-built drawing
Commissioning Copy to be used by SEC commissioning
engineer / technician
Maintenance Department library copy for as-built drawing
verifications
K. Approved site test procedures and approved test formats.
L. Catalogues & Manuals
M. Approved relay settings
N. Availability of Commissioning File & Register Book
S. Availability of 100% pre-check test results
T. Availability of qualified test engineers
COMMETS:
For SEC For Contractor

Names Signature Names Signature
PMD
CSD
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
ENTITY HAND OVER PAGE NUMBER

ATTACHMENT NO. PAGE 212 OF 227
Date Initiated: Extra Pages :
Date Received: Contact No:
Project Title:
o Facility Name/Number :
o Equipment Name (s) /Number(s)
We have checked the subject project related activities and verified status of conformance to the mandatory
requirements that are shown below and list below our findings and comments.
Mandatory Requirements & Conformance Status

o Marked up drawings have been completed
o Signed Relay Setting Sheets have been received.
o Tests Results Sheets are available
o Punch-list items of Status A (require modification or shutdown) related to this entity have been cleared.
o SOE Report is received
o Operational and maintenance manuals are received.
o Trip Test (through the relay contact) conform
Comments:
Commissioning Rep. Project Management Rep. Operation & Maintenance Rep.

Name: Name: Name:
Signature: Signature: Signature
Date: Date: Date:
Conclusion:
 Agree to Energize
 Do Not Agree to Energize unless the following tasks are completed
Division Signature:
Division Manager Name Date:

TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
FINAL PRE-COMMISSIONING REPORT PAGE NUMBER

S/S NAME/NUMBER
The following items have to be confirmed at the end of the pre commissioning tests:
ITEMS YES NO N/A
Categorization of the punch list (A, B)
Site Tests Completion.
Complete Site Test of HVAC and Energized.
Complete Site test of Station Service Transformer and Energized.
Marked up drawings are available at site in good condition
Operational Spare Parts are provided
Tests Results are available
Emergency contact list is provided
Further Remarks:
Issued by Commissioning engineer/technician
Signature:
Name:
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
UNCONTROLLABLE PROJECT DELAY PAGE NUMBER

ATTACHMENT NO. PAGE 214 OF 227
Extra Pages:
Date Issued by CSD:
Contract No.:
Project Title: Elongation Event Code:
Project Time:
Commissioning starting Event starting Event Clearing Duration

date date date (Day)
ELONGATION PERIOD (Day):

63 days
ELONGATION EVENT REASON AND DURATION
Completion Period Previous Current Total

Starting date
date (Day) % % %
 CONTRACTOR
 SCADA
 OUTAGE
PROJECT
MANAGMENT
 OTHER
DESCRIBTION OF ELONGATION EVENT:
Comments:
Division: Division Manager Name Division Manager Signature Date:
____________ ______________________ ___________

% = elongation incident period/project time
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
TECHNICAL PROBLEM REPORT PAGE NUMBER

Project Title:
Problem Description :
FILLED BY FIELD STAFF
Problem Consequences :
Previous History :
Attachment :
Detail Report Drawing Others
d
ISSUED BY : Signature : ISSUED DATE :
ACCEDED BY :
Commissioning Signature : ACCEDED DATE :
Division Manager
Problem Classification:
Design
Material specifications
Implementation
FILLED BY TSCD
OTHERS
Recommendation & Solution :
Division Manager Name Division Manager Signature Date

d
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
CONFIRMATION OF APPLIED FINAL SETTINGS PAGE NUMBER

Substation Report #
Test Results
Approved Setting Details Setting
Relay & Serial No. Panel / Circuit Final Remarks
SL Applied? Final Trip
Issue no. Date Setting
Engineer Date Signature

Setting Confirmed
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
CONTRACTOR’S PERFORMANCE REPORT PAGE NUMBER

ATTACHMENT No. 14 PAGE 217 OF 227
Contract No. ‫رقم العقد‬
Contractor Name. ‫اسم‬
‫المقاول‬
Project Title. ‫اسم‬
‫المشروع‬
Substation Name/Number: ‫أسم‬
‫المحطة‬
‫تقييم أداء المقاول بوضع دائرة حول الرقم المناسب‬
EVALUTE THE CONTRACTOR‟S PERFORMANCE NY CIRCLING APPROPRIATE NUMBER
‫يحتاج‬
‫جيد جدا‬
‫جيد‬ ‫مقبول‬ ‫لتحسين‬ ‫غير مرضي‬
CATEGORY VERY ‫الفئة‬
GOOD SATISFACTORY NEEDS UNSATISFACTORY
GOOD
IMPROV.
QUALITY OF ‫جودة‬
25 21 19 15 11
THE WORK ‫العمل‬
‫تواجد‬
AVAILBILTY Of
‫كفاءة‬
QUALIFIED 22 19 16 13 10
‫المهندسي‬
TESTING ENG.
‫ن‬
‫التزام‬
PUNCTUALITY 20 17 15 12 9
‫بالحضور‬
SAFTEY 15 13 11 9 7 ‫السالمة‬
COOPERATION 10 9 7 6 5 ‫التعاون‬
AVAILABILITY ‫توفر‬
OF PROPER ‫األدوات‬
TOOLS AND 8 7 6 5 4 ‫واجهزة‬
TEST ‫االختبارا‬
EQUIPMENT ‫ت‬
100- 92- 79-68 67- 53-46 ‫مجموع‬
TOTAL POINTS
93 80 54 ‫النقاط‬
OVER ALL RATING ‫التقدير العام‬
FURTHER REMARKS ‫مالحظات‬
)‫قام بالتقييم (مهندس اختبارات ما قبل التشغيل‬

Evaluated By (Comm. Eng)
:‫التوقيع‬
SIGNATURE:
NAME : :‫االسم‬
DATE : :‫التاريخ‬
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
SITE INSTRUCTION PAGE NUMBER

Site Instructions / Records No. ______
Substation Circuit
Contract No ‫رقم المشروع‬
Project Title ‫اسم المشروع‬
Contractor Name ‫اسم المقاول‬
Attention Mr.. ‫لعنلية السيد‬
‫الشركة السعودية للكهرباء‬ SEC

‫المقاول‬contractor
‫إصدار‬ Issued by ‫إعداد‬ Prepared by
Name
Sign
Job Title
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING
ATTACHMENT NO. PAGE NUMBER
PAGE 219 OF 227
Date Issued by CSD: Extra Pages:
Contract No.:
PROJECT TITLE: WEEK NUMBER : MEETING DATE :
FORM:
 WEEKLY SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING
 BI-WEEKLY SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING
SAFETY SUBJECT:
SAFETY
FILLED ON WEEKLY
& BI-WEEKLY BASIS
WEEKLY COORDINATION MEETING:
1. Revision of three Weeks schedule YES  NO
2. Revision of Site instructions YES  NO
BI-WEEKLY COORDINATION MEETING:

BASIS ONLY
BI-WEEKLY
FILLED ON
1. Updating of Punch list item YES  NO

d
Commissioning Engineer Name Commissioning Engineer Signature

TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
REGISTER BOOK / DEFICIENCY RECORD
ATTACHMENT NO. 2 PAGE NUMBER
PAGE 220 OF 227
Project Title: Substation Name/Number:

* Date of
* Assigned
Issued assigning
Sr.# Deficiency Issued by Status Punch list/ * S.I #
Date Punch list/
Snag No.
Snag
*Required to be filled if the deficiency is not cleared in week time.
To be filled by Commissioning engineer/technician.

TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
REGISTER BOOK / ACTIVITY RECORD
PAGE 221 OF 227
Project Title: Substation Name/Number :

Contractor
Witnessed
Sr.# Date Brief of the Activities Engineer Remarks
by
Name
To be filled by Commissioning engineer/technician.

TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
STATUS OF PUNCHLIST
PAGE 222 OF 227
CONTRACT #: PROJECT TITLE:

S/S NAME/NUMBER : DATE:
Snag/ Confirmed By
S.I. Expected Time of
Punch Description of the Deficiency Issued Date Issued By Commissioning Remark
# Completion by
list No. Personnel
Commissioning Eng. Project Management Eng. Contractor
Name: Name: Name:
Signature: Signature: Signature:
Date: Date: Date:

To be filled by the Contractor
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
PRE-COMMISSIONING TIME UTILIZATION STATISTIC SHEET
PAGE 223 OF 227
Contract No.: Project Title:
Substation Name/Number: Date:
Time Spent by Time Lost

Time
Initial Comm. Personnel Description of the SEC □ Contractors □
Sr# Date Lost Remarks
By Hrs Job Test Staff Staff Others
From To Hrs. CSD PMD SOD Others
. Equip Exper. NA
* To be filled by SEC Commissioning engineer/technician. Legend: CSD: Comm. Services Department PMD: Project Management SOD: System Operation
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
COMMISSIONING PROCESS FLOW CHART
PAGE 224 OF 227
CONTRACT #:
PROJECT TITLE:
DATE:
S/S NAME/NUMBER :
Type of
Snag/ Date to be
Deficiency Issued
S.I. # Punch Description of the Deficiency Issued By Completed by the Remarks
Date
list No. Contractor
“A” or ”B”
“A” means item to be cleared by contractor prior to Project Energization.

“B” means Expected Time of Completion (ETC) to be provided by Contractor/ Project Management Department (PMD); It does not affect Energization.
Commissioning Eng. Project Management Eng. Contractor
Name: Name: Name:
Signature: Signature: Signature:
Date: Date: Date:

To be filled by Commissioning engineer/technician prior one month from the Energization.
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
PAGE 225 OF 227
J oint s ite vis it c onduc ted Y

C onfirmation letter of with P MD E ng , C S D E ng ,
Is the C ontrac tor s ubmittal (Mas ter
S tart readines s , S tart pre- & C ontrac tor to c hec k the work-s ite S c hedule & T es t P roc edure
and T es t F ormats )
c ommis s ioning tes t readines s of the s ite. ready?
Us e S ite Ins pec tion
C hec klis t Attac hment #
N
N
C S D E ng . S ubmittal
C omments c omplies w/
T C S -P -105 ?
N Y
Are there any
s nag s or
P rog res s of S tart P re-C ommis s ioning C S D C oordination E ng .
c omments ?
C ommis s ioning reported tes ts within two weeks of prepares planned
by C S D eng . joint s ite vis it ac tivities
R ec ord S nag s in the S nag s C S D E ng . P repares S ite

R eg is ter book / Ins truc tion and P MD E ng . C ontrac tor maintains s tatus
C leared by of punc h-lis t
Defic ienc ies rec ord C ontrac tor? Is s ues the S I and
Us e Attac hment # N s ubmits it to c ontrac tor. Us e Attac hment #
Us e Attac hment #
Y P
CSD eng. And PMD eng.

Are there any J ointly categorize the punc h-
Y s nag s that prevent lis t (lis t A and L is t B ), one C learanc e of punc h -lis t by
C lear punc h-lis t A energ iz ation or month before targ et C ontrac tor. & F ollow up of
before energ iz ation require a future energ iz ation date punc h-lis t by P MD E ng .
outag e?
M M
N
P erform O n-load F inal Ac c eptanc e
S tability & of E nerg iz ed
Direc tionality tes ts C irc uits
C P M
M
P repare report of
pre-c ommis s ioning E nerg iz e P rojec t
P re E nerg iz ation C hec ks : P repare final
tes ts to c lear the by S O C with
F inal S etting Applied, projec t report
Drawing s Marked Up, equipment / projec t
and is s ue (NC )
pres enc e of C S D
E ng .
(P AC ) Is s ued
by P MD E ng .
P unc h-lis t B
c learanc e in order to E nd
T es t R es ults c omplete is s ue (F AC )
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
PAGE 226 OF 227
Responsibilities Legend
CSD PMD SOC SMD Contractor
Participation Icons
CSD C PMD P SOC O SMD M
Acronyms
NC Notice of Clearance
PAC Preliminary Acceptance Certification
FAC Final Acceptance Certification
List A Snags to be cleared before Energization or snags that require shutdowns and outages
List B Snags does not effect Energization and can cleared after Energization
CSD Commissioning Services Department
PMD Project Management Department
SOC System Operations and Control
SMD Substation Maintenance Department
TRANSMISSION
Attachments
Title: INDEX NO.
PROCEDURE IMPROVEMENT REQUEST
PAGE 227 OF 227
Addition Correction/ Elaboration

Pages Review
Item # Comments ‫مراجعة و‬ ‫لإلسهاب و‬
From To ‫لإلضافة‬
‫تدقيق‬ ‫التوضيح‬
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Engineer / Technician’s Name: ______________________ Operating Area: _______________________

Number of attached pages: ______________________
This form to be forwarded to the Technical Support & Coordination Division in the Commissioning Services Department.

Commissioning 2

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Commissioning 2

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TRANSMISSION

PRE-COMMISSIONING TEST PROCEDURE

 No equipment was subjected to any damage during transportation.

The main purpose of this procedure is

1.1.1 To provide guidelines to the witnessing engineer or technician to organize work

PART I. ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK SITE FOR PRE-COMMISSIONING

PART II. MECHANICAL TESTS, VISUAL INSPECTIONS AND ELECTRICAL TESTS

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

3.39 Dry Type Transformer 97

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

5.21 Pre-Energization Confirmation Checks 194

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

ORGANIZATION OF THE WORK SITE FOR PRE-COMMISSIONING

 The project is ready for pre-commissioning tests.

2.1 Project Management Responsibility

2.1.1 Contents of Confirmation Letter

The Confirmation Letter shall, at minimum, contain:

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

2.1.2 Joint Inspection

2.1.2.1 Site Office Facilities

The site office shall be complete with the following facilities:

 Commissioning Group Room with working table, chairs, telephone,

2.1.2.2 Site Technical and Equipment Requirements

The following shall be available at site prior to precommissioning:

 Confirmation Letter for verification of Section 2.1.1.

2.1.2.3 Contractor personnel

 Preparation of three week schedules and minimizing conflicting activities

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

 Follow up of the site instruction and status of the punch-list

3.0 WITNESSING COMMENCEMENT

3.1 Commissioning File

 Single Line Diagram.

3.2 Site Instructions/Records and Project Punch List/Snags Rectifications

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

3.3 Sequence of Events

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

and coordinate with the concern department in order to avoid it

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

4.0 ISSUING SITE INSTRUCTIONS/RECORDS

Site Instructions (SI) shall conform to the following:

 The Site Instruction will be issued on a standard format, see Attachment 3.

4.1 Equipment not fit for Service

4.2 Deviations from SEC Specifications

Examples are listed as follows:

4.3 Poor Work Quality

Examples are listed as follows:

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

4.4 Improper Electrical Scheme

 Pole discrepancy in tripping of the required CBs.

4.5 Updating of Records

Examples are listed as follows:

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

 Equipment is missing from the apparatus list.

4.6 Common Punch List/Snags

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

The following items were found missing:

 Labeling of spare cores with cable numbers.

Organization of the worksite for pre-commissioning PAGE NUMBER

These problems will be updated regularly as needed

4.7 Clearing he Punch List/Snags

5.0 SAFETY & COORDINATION MEETING

6.0 TECHNICAL PROBLEM REPORT