Derivadas das funções hiperbólicas e suas inversas

Lembre-se das definições das funções trigonométricas:

 Derivadas de funções exponencial e logarítmica

Derivada do logaritmo natural

Derivada do logaritmo

em outras bases

Exponencial

Lembre-se da definição da função logarítmica com base a > 0:

Product Rule for Derivatives

In the Calculus and its applications we often encounter functions that are expressed as the
product of two other functions, like the following examples:

 h(x) = x ex = (x)(ex)
 h(x) = x2 sinx = (x2)(sinx)
 h(x) = e-x2 cos2x = (e-x2)(cos2x)

In each of these examples, the values of the function h can be written in the form

h(x) = f(x) g(x)

for functions f(x) and g(x). If we know the derivatives of f(x) and g(x), the Product Rule
provides a formula for the derivative of h(x) = f(x) g(x):
h(x) = [f(x)g(x)] = f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x),
Proof

We illustrate this rule with the following examples.

 If h(x) = x ex then
h(x) = (x)ex + x (ex)
= ex + xex.

 If h(x) = x2 sinx then

h(x) = (x2)sinx + (x2)(sinx)
= 2x sinx + x2 cosx.

 If h(x) = e-x2 cos2x then

h(x) = (e-x2)cos2x + e-x2 (cos2x)

= -2xe-x2 cos2x -2e-x2 sin2x.

Key Concepts
Product Rule

Let f(x) and g(x) be differentiable at x. Then h(x) = f(x)g(x) is differentiable at x and

h(x) = f(x)g(x) + f(x)g(x).

The derivative h(x) is given by the limit formula:

h(x + x) - h(x)
h(x) = lim ,
x  0 x
provided the limit exists. We now express h using the product of f and g,
h(x + x) - h(x)
h(x) = lim
x  0 x
f(x + x)g(x + x) - f(x)g(x)
= lim
x  0 x
To make further progress, we need to relate our limit formula to the limit formulas for the
derivatives f(x) and g(x), namely
f(x + x) - f(x) g(x + x) - g(x)
f(x) = lim and g(x) = lim .
x  0 x x  0 x
To relate these formulas to the limit for h(x), we use the ``trick'' of adding and
subtracting the term f(x)g(x + x) in the numerator, and then simplifying:
f(x + x)g(x + x) - f(x)g(x)
h(x) = lim
x  0 x
f(x + x)g(x + x) + (f(x)g(x + x) - f(x)g(x + x)) - f(x)g(x)
= lim
x  0 x
  f(x + x) - f(x)   g(x + x) - g(x)  
= lim    g(x + x) +   f(x) 
x  0   x   x  
f(x + x) - f(x) g(x + x) - g(x)
= lim lim g(x + x) + f(x) lim
x  0 x x  0 x  0 x
= f(x) g(x) + f(x) g(x).

The last two steps are justified by assuming that f(x) and g(x) exist.

Differentiate the following function

(1) y = x2(3x+1).

(2) y = excos x.

(3) y = sin x cos x.

(1)
y'
= {x2(3x+1)}'
= (x2)'(3x+1) + x2(3x+1)'
= 2x(3x+1) + x2¥3
=9x2 + 2x

(2)
y'
= {excos x}'
= (ex)'cos x + ex(cos x)'
= excos x - exsin x

(3)
y'
= (sin x cos x)'
=(sin x)'cos x + sin x(cos x)'
=cos2x - sin2x
=cos 2x