Corporate Training Department

Basic Sealing Principles

 Content

 Leakage
 Basic of Seal

 Comparison – Gland Packing vs. Mechanical Seal

 Basic Seal Parts

 Function of a mechanical seal

 Types of mechanical seals

 Arrangements

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Leakage

Undesirable flow of fluid is called LEAKAGE

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Leakage

Classification of Leakage :

 Leakage between Static members

 Leakage between Members having relative movement

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Basic Sealing Principles
Sealing method (1)

No seal Oil seal

• Leakage rate is large. • Oil seal is not suitable for high
(Impossible to seal) pressure & water applications.
• Oil seal causes damage to the
shaft.

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Basic Sealing Principles

Sealing method (2)

Gland packing Mechanical seal

• A minimal amount of leakage is • Leakage is little.
required for lubrication.
• Mechanical seal does not
• Gland packing wears the shaft.
Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy
abrade the shaft or sleeve.
© EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 GLAND PACKING ARRANGEMENT

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Disadvantages ??? Many …...

•More friction leading to more heat generation, less efficiency

•Loss of product
•Higher maintenance cost ( for worn packing / damaged sleeve )
•More down time
• A potential source of pollution!!!

•More Power Consumption

•Less bearing life due to entry of water in bearings
•Asbestos is banned in all developed countries!!

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Basic Sealing Principles

Is there any other solution ?

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Basic Sealing Principles

Yes!!!
Somebody said ….

Mechanical seals!!

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 How does it look ???

Gland gasket MR packing

Faces

Seal ring packing

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Aadvantages of Mechanical Seal

•No visible Leakage

•Low friction and Power loss
•Minimized pollution!!!
•Less equipment down time
•No damage to equipment parts
•Cleanliness
•Less maintenance required
•Prevention from Health/fire Hazard

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Basic Sealing Principles

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Stuffing box / Seal Chamber

Shaft Motor

Coupling

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Seal Assembly and Component

Seal Assembly and Components

Let us Study

a Simple

Mechanical seal assembly

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Leakage Path

•Static sealing
Sealing between shaft and
sleeve (gasket)
Sealing between gland and
seal chamber (gasket)
Sealing between mating ring
and gland (‘o’ ring)

•Dynamic Sealing
Sealing between rotary face
& sleeve (‘o’ ring)
Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Functioning of the mechanical seal

BASIC SEAL WORKS ON THE PRINCIPLE OF :

 ONE SOFT FACE AND ONE HARD FACE ROTATING AGAINST

EACH OTHER.

 THIN LIQUID FILM BETWEEN A ROTARY AND

STATIONARY FACE

 NO INTERRUPTION IN LIQUID FILM.

 NO GAS PHASE TO PREVENT FACE CONTACT.

 NO SOLID PARTICLES TO DAMAGE SEAL FACE.

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Functioning of the seal

Closing forces
 Static closing force

 Hydraulic closing force

Media
Spring

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Functioning of the seal
Media as lubricant and cooling

lubrication

Media

cooling

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Functioning of the seal

Acceptable minimal leakage

Medium

Leakage

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 The sealing gap

Media

Frictional heat

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Seal classification

Pressure Range Unbalanced / Balanced

Spring Location Rotating / Stationary
Installation Location Inside / Outside
Secondary Seal V-packing / O-ring / Bellows
Spring Design Multi / Single / Bellows
Stationary Ring design Clamp / Press Fit / Float

Arrangement Single / Double / Tandem

Assembly Design Non Cartridge / Cartridge

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Classification by Pressure range

Unbalanced Type (A0>A) Balanced Type (A0<A)

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Classification by Spring location

Rotating Type Stationary Type

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Classification by Installation location
Inside mounted
Outside mounted
Sealing from O.D. to I.D.
Sealing from I.D. to O.D.

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Classification by Arrangement
Single

Double Tandem
For emission control
(BTX, LPG etc)

For high viscosity,

toxic, hazardous fluids

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Classification by Spring design
Multi spring Type Bellows Type

Single spring Type

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Classification by Secondary seal design
V-Packing Type O-Ring Type Bellows Type

More
Axial flexibility excellent
Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Classification by Assembly design

Non-cartridge Type Easy

Installation
Separated Type Unitized Type

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Pusher Seals

The seals where dynamic elastomer moves forward and backword

with rotation of seal and causes fretting action are known as PUSHER
type seals.
Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Types of seals
Bellows type seals - non-pusher type seal

In non pusher type seal there is no

dynamic elastomer

Therefore no fretting on the sleeve / shaft

Fretting

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Bellows seal

Low power consumption

No
Low heat generation flush
Pressure Balanced
Low face wear
Non-clogging feature

One piece-ease to fit

Even face load

No shaft or sleeve wear
Even face load
Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06
 Seal arrangements

 Multiple seals

 Back to back
 face to face

 tandem

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Double acting seal arrangements
 Double acting seals
 No product leakage
 Multiple seal  For aggressive media
 Faces barrier fluid lubricated  For solid loaded media
 Back to back or face to face  For polimerising, sticky media
 Pressurized barrier fluid  Environmental safe operation
( P2 = 2 bar or 10% over P1)

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

 Mechanical seals are

state of the art

sealing solutions in all industries

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06

  ANY
 QUESTION ?

Corporate Training : EagleBurgmann India Prepared by : Surajjit Rayy © EagleBurgmann 2010 Dt : 07 / 06