BACKFILLING

T12@200

T12@150

A
T20@175
PLAN VIEW- RETAINING WALL
Weep Hole Ø
2''@1000mm c/c

T16@150 T12@150

T10@200

T16@150 3T12

REINFORCEMENT DETAIL

TITLE DRG No.

SECTION A-A AJAOKUTA STEEL COMPANY LIMITED

PROPOSED RETAINING WALL

STEEL CITY, AJAOKUTA ALONG NIGER ROAD

Current Date: 22-May-19 5:33 PM
Units system: SI
File name: S:\HOLD UP\ASCL\retainwall.rtw\

Design Results
Retaining wall
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

GENERAL INFORMATION:

Design Code : BS 8110-1:1997 (Amendments 2005)

Geometry
Wall type : Cantilever

Retained height H : 5.00 [m] Wall height above retained soil Hf : 0.00 [m]
Base depth Df : 0.50 [m] Use key : Yes
Key width Kw : 0.75 [m] Key depth Kd : 0.30 [m]
Top toe length Ttl : 1.50 [m] Toe thickness Tt : 0.50 [m]
Bottom toe length Btl : 2.75 [m]
Top heel length Thl : 1.50 [m] Heel thickness Ht : 0.50 [m]
Base material : C25-30T

Stem thickness at base Bt : 500.00 [mm]

Stem blocks number : 1

Block Bot. Thickness Top. Thickness Height Material

[mm] [mm] [m]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 500.00 500.00 5.00 C25-30T
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Materials
Description : C25-30T
Concrete, f'c : 24.39 [N/mm2]
Steel, fy : 460.00 [N/mm2]
Elasticity modulus : 25000.00 [N/mm2]
Unit weight : 24.00 [KN/m3]

Soil
Modulus of subgrade reaction : 31500.00 [KN/m3]
Backfill slope : 0.00 [°]

Description U.W. Saturated U.W. phi c Friction Ko

[KN/m3] [KN/m3] [°] [KN/m2] wall/soil
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Base Soil 18.00 22.00 35.00 0.00 26.57 --
Soil1 17.00 -- 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Loads:

Backfill surcharge : 5.00 [KN/m2]

Load conditions included in the design:

Page1
 Service Load Combinations:
S1 = DL+LL+H

Strength Design Load Combinations:

R1 = 1.2DL+1.6LL+1.6H

Steel reinforcement bars:

Stem free cover : 0.08 [m]
Base free cover : 0.08 [m]
Maximum Rho/Rho balanced ratio : 0.75
Round longitudinal bar lengths to : 10.00 [mm]

Longitudinal reinforcement

Element Size Spacing Pos Axis Dist1 Dist2 Hook1 Hook2

[mm] [m] [m]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toe T16 230.00 Int. 1 -1.42 1.92 No No
Heel T12 300.00 Ext. 2 -1.92 1.42 No No
Stem T20 190.00 Int. 3 -0.42 4.92 Yes No
Toe T16 150.00 Ext. 1 -1.41 1.91 No No
Stem T12 150.00 Ext. 3 -0.41 4.91 No No
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Development and splice lengths

Element Diameter l lh L. Splice L. total

[mm] [mm] [mm] [m]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Toe T16 1160.00 70.00 1620.00 3.34
Heel T12 870.00 50.00 1210.00 3.34
Stem T20 1440.00 80.00 2020.00 6.78
Toe T16 320.00 70.00 450.00 3.32
Stem T12 240.00 50.00 340.00 5.32
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Horizontal reinforcement

Element Diameter Nr c/ Position

[mm]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Base T12 20 170.00 Ext.
Base T12 20 170.00 Int.
Stem T12 25 200.00 Ext.
Stem T12 25 200.00 Int.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Assumptions
Active pressures calculation method : Rankine
Use resistant soil pressures for overturning : Passive
Calculation method for lateral soil pressures : Boussinesq
Calculation method for soil bearing pressures : Hansen
Use vertical component of soil pressures for overturning : No
Use vertical component of soil pressures for sliding : No
Use vertical component of soil pressures for bearing : No
Frost depth : 0.00 [m]
Undermining depth : 0.00 [m]

RESULTS:

Status : OK

Page2
Calculation of resisting forces

Description Force Distance Moment

[KN] [m] [KN*m]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Weight of soil over heel (W1) 127.50 2.75 350.63
Surcharge over heel (W3) 7.50 2.75 20.63
Stem weight (W7) 60.00 1.75 105.00
Base weight (W9) 42.00 1.75 73.50
Key weight (W10) 5.40 3.13 16.88
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Total 242.40 566.63
Toe horizontal soil pressure against sliding (Pp) 21.26 -0.03 -0.71
Toe horizontal soil pressure against overturning (Pp) 8.30 0.17 1.38
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Calculation of destabilizing forces

Description Force Distance Moment

[KN] [m] [KN*m]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Heel horizontal soil pressure (Pah) 94.88 1.92 182.34
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Global stability
Allowable safety factor for overturning : 1.50
Allowable safety factor for sliding : 1.50
Allowable safety factor for bearing capacity : 2.00

Load case qu qnmax Bear. Cap. RM OTM Overt. Res F Slid F Slid. Defl
[KN/m2] [KN/m2] SF [KN*m] [KN*m] SF [KN] [KN] SF [mm]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
S1 429.67 79.13 5.32 568.01 182.34 3.12 142.46 94.88 1.50 7.64
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Bending and Shear per element

Element: Toe

Station d M[KN*m] Mr[KN*m] Asreq [mm2] Asprov [mm2] sb [mm] M/(Mr)

Nr. Dist [mm] neg pos neg pos ext int ext int ext int
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 412.00 0.00 132.73 -265.81 139.46 0.00 847.77 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.95
2 10% 412.00 0.00 108.30 -265.81 139.46 0.00 691.72 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.78
3 20% 412.00 0.00 86.19 -265.81 135.71 0.00 550.51 1716.67 849.64 100.00 230.00 0.64
4 30% 412.00 0.00 66.46 -265.81 118.03 0.00 424.52 1716.67 735.85 100.00 230.00 0.56
5 40% 412.00 0.00 49.18 -263.03 100.20 0.00 314.13 1697.48 622.06 100.00 230.00 0.49
6 50% 412.00 0.00 34.40 -253.54 82.22 0.00 219.69 1632.09 508.27 100.00 230.00 0.42
7 60% 412.00 0.00 22.17 -243.99 64.08 0.00 141.60 1566.70 394.47 100.00 230.00 0.35
8 70% 412.00 0.00 12.56 -234.39 45.79 0.00 80.21 1501.30 280.68 100.00 230.00 0.27
9 80% 412.00 0.00 5.62 -155.33 34.19 0.00 0.00 975.29 166.89 100.00 230.00 0.16
10 90% 412.00 0.00 1.41 -46.04 34.19 0.00 0.00 281.77 53.10 100.00 230.00 0.04
11 100% 412.72 0.00 0.00 -34.19 34.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 412.00 0.00 132.73 -265.81 139.46 0.00 847.77 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.95
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum allowed spacing between bars : 300.00 [mm]

Page3
Base transverse reinforcement:
Top reinforcement : 664.71 [mm2]
Bottom reinforcement : 664.71 [mm2]
Minimum shrinkage and temperature reinforcement : 650.00 [mm2]

Station V vc Vu V/(Vu)
Nr. Dist [KN] [N/mm2] [KN]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 170.50 0.40 163.80 1.00
2 10% 155.20 0.40 163.80 0.95
3 20% 139.51 0.39 162.27 0.86
4 30% 123.43 0.38 154.68 0.80
5 40% 106.96 0.35 146.25 0.73
6 50% 90.10 0.33 136.73 0.66
7 60% 72.86 0.30 125.65 0.58
8 70% 55.23 0.27 112.18 0.49
9 80% 37.21 0.23 94.33 0.39
10 90% 18.80 0.16 64.40 0.29
11 100% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 170.50 0.40 163.80 1.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Element: Heel

Station d M[KN*m] Mr[KN*m] Asreq [mm2] Asprov [mm2] sb [mm] M/(Mr)

Nr. Dist [mm] neg pos neg pos ext int ext int ext int
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 412.72 -39.55 0.00 -265.81 139.46 252.19 0.00 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.15
2 10% 412.72 -32.82 0.00 -265.81 139.46 209.29 0.00 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.12
3 20% 412.72 -26.56 0.00 -265.81 135.71 169.32 0.00 1716.67 849.64 100.00 230.00 0.10
4 30% 412.72 -20.81 0.00 -265.81 118.03 132.67 0.00 1716.67 735.85 100.00 230.00 0.08
5 40% 412.72 -15.64 0.00 -263.03 100.20 99.70 0.00 1697.48 622.06 100.00 230.00 0.06
6 50% 412.72 -11.10 0.00 -253.54 82.22 70.78 0.00 1632.09 508.27 100.00 230.00 0.04
7 60% 412.72 -7.26 0.00 -243.99 64.08 46.29 0.00 1566.70 394.47 100.00 230.00 0.03
8 70% 412.72 -4.17 0.00 -234.39 45.79 26.60 0.00 1501.30 280.68 100.00 230.00 0.02
9 80% 412.72 -1.89 0.00 -155.33 34.19 12.07 0.00 975.29 166.89 100.00 230.00 0.01
10 90% 412.72 -0.48 0.00 -46.04 34.19 3.08 0.00 281.77 53.10 100.00 230.00 0.01
11 100% 412.72 0.00 0.00 -34.19 34.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 412.72 -39.55 0.00 -265.81 139.46 252.19 0.00 1716.67 873.91 100.00 230.00 0.15
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum allowed spacing between bars : 300.00 [mm]

Page4
Station V vc Vu V/(Vu)
Nr. Dist [KN] [N/mm2] [KN]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 46.27 0.50 205.29 0.23
2 10% 43.39 0.50 205.29 0.21
3 20% 40.12 0.50 205.29 0.20
4 30% 36.46 0.50 205.29 0.18
5 40% 32.42 0.50 204.53 0.16
6 50% 27.99 0.49 201.87 0.14
7 60% 23.16 0.48 199.13 0.12
8 70% 17.96 0.48 196.32 0.09
9 80% 12.36 0.41 170.03 0.07
10 90% 6.37 0.27 112.40 0.06
11 100% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 46.27 0.50 205.29 0.23
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Element: Stem (Block 1)

Station d M[KN*m] Mr[KN*m] Asreq [mm2] Asprov [mm2] sb [mm] M/(Mr)

Nr. Dist [mm] neg pos neg pos ext int ext int ext int
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 410.00 0.00 222.22 -121.36 254.73 0.00 1429.39 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.87
2 10% 410.00 0.00 164.70 -121.36 254.73 0.00 1057.12 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.65
3 20% 410.00 0.00 118.04 -121.36 254.73 0.00 757.67 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.46
4 30% 410.00 0.00 81.12 -121.36 254.73 0.00 520.68 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.32
5 40% 410.00 0.00 52.80 -121.36 254.73 0.00 338.90 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.21
6 50% 410.00 0.00 31.94 -121.36 254.73 0.00 205.03 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.13
7 60% 410.00 0.00 17.42 -121.36 254.73 0.00 111.82 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.07
8 70% 410.00 0.00 8.10 -121.36 251.41 0.00 51.99 753.33 1629.68 150.00 190.00 0.03
9 80% 410.00 0.00 2.84 -121.36 166.50 0.00 18.26 753.33 1055.85 150.00 190.00 0.02
10 90% 410.00 0.00 0.52 -121.36 77.66 0.00 3.35 753.33 482.02 150.00 190.00 0.01
11 100% 414.00 0.00 0.00 -34.19 34.19 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 150.00 190.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 410.00 0.00 222.22 -121.36 254.73 0.00 1429.39 753.33 1652.63 150.00 190.00 0.87
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum allowed spacing between bars : 300.00 [mm]

Stem transverse reinforcement:

Exterior reinforcement : 565.00 [mm2]
Interior reinforcement : 565.00 [mm2]
Minimum shrinkage and temperature reinforcement : 650.00 [mm2]

Page5
Station V vc Vu V/(Vu)
Nr. Dist [KN] [N/mm2] [KN]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 126.67 0.49 202.15 0.63
2 10% 103.80 0.49 202.15 0.51
3 20% 83.20 0.49 202.15 0.41
4 30% 64.87 0.49 202.15 0.32
5 40% 48.80 0.49 202.15 0.24
6 50% 35.00 0.49 202.15 0.17
7 60% 23.47 0.49 202.15 0.12
8 70% 14.20 0.49 201.21 0.07
9 80% 7.20 0.42 174.11 0.04
10 90% 2.47 0.33 134.06 0.02
11 100% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 126.67 0.49 202.15 0.63
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Element: Key

Station d M[KN*m] Mr[KN*m] Asreq [mm2] Asprov [mm2] sb [mm] M/(Mr)

Nr. Dist [mm] neg pos neg pos ext int ext int ext int
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 750.00 0.00 0.45 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.01
2 10% 750.00 0.00 0.37 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
3 20% 750.00 0.00 0.30 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
4 30% 750.00 0.00 0.23 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
5 40% 750.00 0.00 0.17 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
6 50% 750.00 0.00 0.12 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
7 60% 750.00 0.00 0.08 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
8 70% 750.00 0.00 0.04 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
9 80% 750.00 0.00 0.02 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
10 90% 750.00 0.00 0.01 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
11 100% 750.00 0.00 0.00 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 750.00 0.00 0.45 -76.92 76.92 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 -- -- 0.01
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Maximum allowed spacing between bars : 300.00 [mm]

Page6
 Station V vc Vu V/(Vu)
Nr. Dist [KN] [N/mm2] [KN]
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
1 0% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
2 10% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
3 20% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
4 30% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
5 40% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
6 50% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
7 60% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
8 70% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
9 80% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
10 90% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
11 100% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
C 0% 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Notes

* The soil beneath the wall is considered elastic and homogeneous. A linear variation of pressures is adopted.

* The required reinforcement for bending takes into account the minimum reinforcement ratio given by Code.

* For bending and shear design, the critical section is adopted at the support faces and axial forces are not considered.

* Shear reinforcement is not considered.

* Values shown in red are not in compliance with a provision of the code

* Ld,Ldh = Development length of each bar. If the bar ends with a hook, it considers the Ldh length.

*qef = Initial effective stress at foundation level prior to loading.

*qu = Meyerhof, Hansen or Vesic ultimate soil bearing capacity.

*qnmax = Maximum pressure at foundation base. qnmax=qmax-qef

* SF = Safety factor, RM = Resisting moment, OTM = Overturning moment.

Page7
* ResF = Resisting force, SlidF = Sliding force, Defl = Deflection.

* sb = Free distance between bars.

* If the section at which member flexural strength is being calculated is within the development length of a group of bars, the bars will contribute to the bending
proportional to their actual length / their full development length.

* Asprov is the provided reinforcement, considering the reduction due to the development length as described previously.

Page8
 BILL OF ENGINEERING MEASUREMENTS
Item Description Unit Quantity Rate (N) Amount (N)
Bill 1: Excavation and Earth Work
Excavate to remove vegetable soil
3
1.1 average of150mm deep and remove m 131.25 80 10,500.00
from site
Excavate to receive foundation not 3
1.2 m 264 500 132,000.00
exceeding 1.2m deep
Level and compact bottom of 2
1.3 m 220 150 33,000.00
excavation to receive concrete
Backfill and consolidate excavated 3
1.4 m 300 4000 1,200,000.00
material around retaining wall
Spread and level surplus excavated 3
1.5 m 35 200 7,000.00
material on site
To summary 1,382,500.00
Bill 2: Concrete work
Plain in-situ concrete (1:3:6) - 38mm
aggregate in
3
2.1 Blinding concrete 100mm thick m 23 25,000.00 575,000.00
In-situ reinforced concrete (1:2:4) -
20mm aggregate in
3
2.2 Retaining wall base m 83 30,000.00 2,490,000.00
3
2.3 Retaining wall 500mm thick m 105 30,000.00 3,150,000.00
To summary 6,215,000.00
Bill 3: Reinforcement
3.1 10mm diameter kg 310 285 88350.00
3.2 12mm diameter kg 6002 285 1,710,570.00
3.3 16mm diameter kg 1636 285 466,260.00
3.4 20mm diameter kg 3483 285 992,655.00
To summary 3,257,835.00
Bill 4: Form work
2
4.1 Sides of retaining wall m 445.5 3,000.00 1,336,500.00
To summary 1,336,500.00
GENERAL SUMMARY
S/N DESCRIPTION AMOUNT (N)
1 BILL 1: EXCAVATION AND EARTH WORK 1,382,500.00
3 BILL 2: CONCRETE WORK 6,215,000.00
4 BILL 3: REINFORCEMENT 3,257,835.00
5 BILL 4: FORM WORK 1,336,500.00

SUB - TOTAL 12,191,835.00

Allow 5% of sub - total for preliminaries 609,591.75
Allow 5% of sub - total for contingencies 609,591.75

GRAND TOTAL 13,411,018.50