IMPORTANT FIVE MARKS QUESTIONS FOR CLASS XII

1 Derive an expression for the Electric field at a point on the (i) axial line and (ii) equatorial line of an electric
dipole
2 Describe the principle construction and working of Van de Graff Generator.
3 State Gauss’ theorem and apply it to find the electric field at a point due to
A point charge
A line of charge
A plane sheet of charge
A charged spherical conducting shell
4 Derive expression for the potential energy of a system of point charges.
5 Derive expression for the torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field.
6 Derive expression for the work done in turning a dipole in a uniform electric field.
7 Derive an expression for the potential energy of a dipole in a uniform electric field.
8 Explain the principle of a parallel plate capacitor
9 Derive an expression for the capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor.
10. Derive an expression for the effective capacitance when three capacitors are connected in (i) series (ii) parallel
11. Derive an expression for the energy stored in a parallel plate capacitor.
12. Derive an expression for the loss of energy when two conductors at different potentials are brought into
electrical contact. Account for this energy.
13. Derive and expression for the energy density of a parallel plate capacitor.
14. Derive I = nAeVd
15. Define drift velocity and derive an expression for it.
16. Deduce Ohm’s law from elementary concepts.
17. State Biot Savart’s Law and apply it to find the magnetic field at a point due to long straight conductor carrying
current
18. State Ampere’s circuital theorem and apply it to find the magnetic field inside a (i) solenoid (ii) toroid
19. State the Principle of a potentiometer and Explain how is it used (i) to determine the internal resistance of a
primary cell (ii) to compare the emfs of two primary cells
20. State Kirchhoff’s laws and apply it to derive Wheatstone’s bridge principle.
21. Explain how will you use a metre bridge to find the resistance of a given resistor wire?
22. Describe the elements of earth’s magnetic field.
23. Compare the properties of para dia and ferromagnetic substances.
24. Derive an expression for the effective resistance when three resistors are connected in (i) series (ii) parallel
25. Describe the principle construction and working of CYCLOTRON. Derive an expression for cyclotron frequency.
Why electrons cannot be accelerated in a cyclotron?
26. Derive an expression for the force between two straight long parallel conductors carrying constant current and
hence define one ampere.
27. Describe the principle construction and working of Moving Coil Galvanometer.
28. Derive an expression for the torque on a current carrying loop kept in a uniform magnetic field
29. Explain how will you convert a galvanometer into (i) an ammeter (ii) a voltmeter
30. Define motional emf and derive an expression for it.
31. What are eddy currents? Explain its applications
32. What is self induction and self inductance? Derive an expression for the self inductance of a long solenoid
carrying current
33. Define mutual induction and mutual inductance. Derive an expression for the mutual inductance of a pair of
solenoids. What are the factors affecting the mutual inductance of a pair of solenoids?
34. Derive an expression for the average value of ac for a half cycle.
35. Derive an expression for the RMS value of ac
36. Explain the principle and construction of a transformer and the various losses in a transformer.
37. Derive an expression for impedance of a series LCR circuit. Define resonance is series LCR circuit and derive an
expression for resonant frequency.
38. Derive an expression for average power in an AC circuit. Define power factor and show that the average power
consumed in a pure inductor or a pure capacitor is zero.
39. Define Q factor of resonance. Derive an expression for Q factor.
40. Derive lens makers formula
41. Derive mirror formula
42. Derive a relation connecting object distance and image distance when a point object kept in from of a convex
refracting surface forms a real image inside the denser medium. (Also practice other similar cases for real images
and virtual images as well as for convex interface and concave interface)
43. Derive an expression relating angle of prism, angle of incidence, angle of emergence and angle of deviation
when light is refracted by a prism
44. Derive n = sin (A+D)/2 / sin (A/2) for refraction through a prism.
45. Derive an expression for the effective focal length of the combination of two lenses in contact.

The important 3 marks question for Physics Class 12 is given below.

Question 1-Draw a graph showing the variation of de Broglie wavelength of a particle of charge q and mass m with
the accelerating potential. Proton and deutron have the same de Broglie wavelength. Explain which has more
kinetic energy.
Question 2-State the Lorenz’s force and express it in vector form. Which pair of vectors are always perpendicular to
each other? Derive the expression for the force acting on a current carrying conductor of length L in a uniform
magnetic field ‘B’.
Question 3-Explain the two processes involved in the formation of a p-n junction diode. Hence define the term
‘barrier potential.;
Question 4-State Gauss’s law in electrostatics. Derive an expression for the electric field due to an infinitely long
straight uniform changed wire.
Question 5-A capacitor of unknown capacitance is connected across a battery of V volt. A charge of 360 μC is stored
in it. When the potential across the capacitor is reduced by 120 V, the charge stored in the capacitor becomes 120
μC. Calculate V and the unknown capacitance. What would have been the charge on the capacitor if the voltage
increased by 120 V?
Question 6-Distinguish between sky wave and space wave modes of communication. What is the main limitation of
space wave mode? Write the expression for the optimum separation between the transmitting and receiving
antenna for effective reception of signals in this mode of communication.
Question 7-Derive the expression for the current density of a conductor in terms of the conductivity and applied
electric field. Explain with reason how the mobility of electrons in a conductor changes when the potential
difference applied is doubled keeping the temperature of the conductor constant.
Question 8-Explain the term, ‘amplitude modulation’ of a signal. For an amplitude modulated wave, the maximum
amplitude is 10 V and the minimum amplitude is 2 V. Calculate the modulation index.
Question 9- An optical instrument uses eye-lens of power 16 D and objective lens of power 50 D and has a tube
length of 16.25 cm. Name the optical instrument and calculate the magnifying power if it forms the final image at
infinity.
Question 10-(a) Write two properties by which electric potential is related to the electric field/
(b) Two point charged q1 and q1, separated by a distance of r12 are kept in an external electric field. Derive an
expression for the potential energy of the system of two charges in the field.
Question 11-State Lenz’s law. Explain, by giving examples that Lenz’s law is a consequence of conservation of
energy.
Question 12-A plane wavefront propagating from a rarer into a denser medium is incident at an angle of incidence i
on a refracting surface. Draw a diagram showing incident wavefront and refracted wavefront. Hence verify Snell’s
laws of refraction.
Question 13-Define the term magnetic moment of a current loop. Derive an expression for the magnetic field at
any point along the axis of a solenoid of length 2l, and radius a, and number of terms per unit length n.
Question 14-The energy levels of an atom of element X are shown in the diagram. Which one of the level
transitions will result in the emission of photons of wavelength 620 nm? Support your answer with mathematical
calculation.
Question 15-State Malu's law and derive it.
Draw the corresponding frequency spectrum of amplitude modulated signal.
Question 16-In a double slit experiment, the distance between the slit is 3 mm and the slits are 2 m away from the
screen. Two interference pattern can be seen on the screen one due to light with wavelength 480 nm, and the
other due to light with wavelength 600 nm. What is the separation on the screen between the fifth order bright
fringes of the two interference patterns?
Question 17-How many electrons must be added to one plate and removed from the other so as to store 25 J of
energy in a 5.0 nF parallel plate capacitor?
Question 18-A point charge +Q is placed at the centre O of an uncharged hollow spherical conductor of inner radius
‘a’ and outer radius ‘b’. Find the following:
The magnitude and sign of the charge induced on the inner and outer surface of the conducting shell.
The magnitude of electric field vector at a distance
(i) r=a2
(ii) r=2b from the centre of the shell.
Question 19-With the help of a diagram, explain the principle of a device which changes a low voltage into a high
voltage but does not violate the law of conservation of energy. Give any one reason why the device may not be
100% efficient.
Question 20- Draw a graph showing the variation of binding energy per nucleon versus the mass number A. Explain
with the help of this graph, the release of energy in the process of nuclear fission and fusion.