Qualitative Analysis PDF

QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS
Contents
Topic Page No.
Theory 01 - 05
Exercise - 1 06 - 11
Answer Key 31 - 35
Syllabus
Principles of qualitative analysis :
Groups I to V (only Ag+, Hg2+, Cu2+, Pb2+, Bi3+, Fe3+, Cr3+, Al3+, Ca2+, Ba2+,
Zn2+, Mn2+ and Mg2+); Nitrate, halides (excluding fluoride), sulphate and
sulphide.
Name : ____________________________ Contact No. __________________

Some important points which should be kept in mind while doing the analysis of cations.
1. Group 1st radicals (Ag+, Pb2+, Hg22+) are precipitated as chloride because the solubility product of these
chlorides (AgCl, PbCl2 , HgCl2) is less than the solubility products of chlorides of all other metal ions, which
remain in solution. Lead chloride is slightly soluble in water and therefore, lead is never completely precipitated
by adding dilute hydrochloric acid to a sample ; the rest of the lead ions are precipitated with H2S in acidic
medium together with the cations of the second group.
2. Group 2nd radicals are precipitated as sulphides because of their low solubility products whereas sulphides
of other metals remain in solution because of their high solubility products. HCl acts as a source of H+ which
decreases the concentration of S2– due to common ion effect. Hence, the concentration of S2– ion is too low
that it exceeds only the solubility products of the metal sulphides of IInd group.
We can not use H2SO4 inplace of HCl because some cations of higher groups i.e. vth group will also precipitate
as their sulphates like BaSO4, SrSO4, CaSO4 etc.
HNO3 can't be used in place of HCl. HNO3 is a powerful oxidising agent. HNO3 will oxidize H2S forming
sulphur (yellow precipitate) or colloidal solution causing confusion with CdS, As2S3 even though Cd2+ , As3+
will be absent. The colloidal solution is white-yellow and that cannot be filtered causing unnecessary trouble.
3. Group 3rd radicals are precipitated as hydroxides and the addition of NH4Cl suppresses the ionisation of
NH4OH so that only the group 3 cations are precipitated as hydroxides because of their low solubility
products.
(i) Excess of NH4Cl should not be added, as manganese will precipitate as MnO2.H2O
(ii) (NH4)2SO4 cannot be used in place of NH4Cl because the SO42– will also give the precipitate of BaSO4,
SrSO4 etc.
(iii) While proceeding for 3rd group from 2nd group, the filtrate of 2nd group is boiled off to remove the dissolved
H2S and then one drop of concentrated HNO3 is added and again boil so that if Fe2+ is present is oxidised to
Fe3+. The Ksp of Fe2+ is higher than Fe3+, therefore, it is partially precipitated and will thus interfere in the
analysis of 4th group radicals. In our scheme Fe2+ is not there even if it is present, we shall report only Fe3+
(Fe2+ needs other special tests).
(iv) If the medium remains acidic the hydroxides do not precipitate and we would think that Fe3+, Al3+, Cr3+ are
absent even though they may be present.
(v) In place of NH4OH, NaOH solution can't be used for the precipitation as their hydroxides because in
excess of it we get soluble complexes of Al3+ and Cr3+.
4. In 4th group, ammonium hydroxide increases the ionisation of H2S by removing H+ from H2S as unionised
water.
H2S 2H+ + S2– ; H+ + OH–  H2O
Now the excess of S2– ions is available and hence the ionic products of group 4th group cations exceeds their
solubility products and will be precipitated. In case H2S is passed through a neutral solution, incomplete
precipitation will take place due to the formation of HCl, which decreases the ionisation of H2S. For example
MnCl2 + H2S  MnS + 2HCl
5. In 5th group the reagent ammonium carbonate should be added in alkaline or neutral medium. In the
absence of ammonia or ammonium ions, magnesium will also be precipitated.
Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

Ph. - 9982433693 (NV Sir) 9462729791(VKP Sir) QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS_ADVANCED # 1
NV Sir VKP Sir
B.Tech. IIT Delhi M.Sc. IT-BHU
Physical Examination Of the Mixture :
The physical examination of the unknown mixture involves the study of colour, smell and density.
Table : 1
Physical Examination
Ex pe rim e nt Obse rva tions Infe re nce

(a ) Colour Blue or Bluish green Cu2+ or Ni 2+
Greenish Ni 2+
Light green Fe2+
Dark brown Fe3+
Pink, violet Co2+
Light pink, flesh colour or dull
earthy colour Mn2+
Shows the absence of

W hite Cu2+,Ni 2+,Fe 2+,Fe 3+
Mn2+, Co 2+
(b) Sm e ll
Ammonical smell NH 4+
Take a pinch of the salt between
your fingers and rub with a drop of Vinegar like smell CH 3COO –
water
Sm ell like that of rotten eggs S 2–
(i) Heavy Salt of Pb 2+ or Ba 2+–
(.C) De nsity
(ii) Light fluffy powder Carbonate salts
(i) If coloured, m ay be
Cu(NO 3)2 ,
Salt absorbs moisture and FeCl 3
(d) De lique sce nce becomes
(ii) If colourless, may be
paste like
Zn(NO 3)2 , chlorides of
Zn2+, Mg 2+ etc.
Dry Heating Test :

This test is performed by heating a small amount of mixture in a dry test tube. Quite valuable information can
be generated by carefully performing and noting the observations here. On heating some salts undergo
decomposition thus evolving the gases or may undergo characteristic changes in the colour of residue.
These observations are tabulated below along with the inferences that you can draw.

NV Sir VKP Sir
Table : 2
OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1. Gas evolved
(a) Colourless and odourless gas

CO2 gas – turns lime water milky CO32–
(b) Colourless gas with odour

(i) H2S gas–Smells like rotten eggs, turns Hydrated S2–
lead acetate paper black.
(ii) SO2 gas–Characteristic suffocating SO32–
smell, turns acidified potassium dichromate
solution or paper green.
(iii) HCl gas – Pungent smell, white fumes with Cl–
ammonia, white precipitate with silver nitrate solution.
(iv) Acetic acid vapours–Characteristic vinegar CH3COO–
like smell.
(v) NH3 gas– Characteristic smell, turns NH4+
Nessler's solution brown.
(c) Coloured gases – Pungent smell

(i) NO2 gas – Reddish brown, turns ferrous NO2– or NO3–
sulphate solution black.
(ii) Cl2 gas – Greenish yellow, turns starch Cl–
iodide paper blue.
(iii) Br2 vapours – Reddish brown, turns starch Br–
paper orange red.
(iv) I2 vapours – Dark violet, turns starch paper blue. –
2. Sublimate formed
(a) White sublimate NH4+
(b) Black sublimate accompanied by violet vapours. –
3. Fusion
The mixture fuses. Alkali metal salts or salt containing
water of crystallisation.
4. Swelling
The mixture swells up into voluminous mass. PO43– , BO33– indicated
5. Residue
(i) Yellow when hot, white when cold. Zn2+
(ii) Brown when hot and yellow when cold Pb2+
(iii) Original salt blue becomes white on heating Hydrated CuSO4 indicated
(iv) Coloured salt becomes brown or black on Co2+ , Fe2+, Fe3+ , Cr3+ , Cu2+ , Ni2+ , Mn2+
heating. indicated.

NV Sir VKP Sir
Note :
 Use a perfectly dry test–tube for performing this test. While drying a test–tube, keeps it in slanting
position with its mouth slightly downwards so that the drops of water which condense on the upper
cooler parts, do not fall back on the hot bottom, as this may break the tube.
Charcoal Cavity Test :

This test is based on the fact that metallic carbonates when heated in a charcoal cavity decompose to give
corresponding oxides. The oxides appear as coloured incrustation or residue in the cavity . In certain cases,
the oxides formed partially undergo reduction to the metallic state producing metallic beads or scales.
Example :
(a) ZnSO4 + Na2CO3  ZnCO3 + Na2SO4
ZnCO3  ZnO (Yellow when hot, white when cold) + CO2 
(b) CuSO4 + Na2CO3  CuCO3 + Na2SO4

CuCO3  CuO + CO2
CuO + C  Cu (Reddish scales) + CO 
Table : 3
Observation Inference
Incrustation or Residue Metallic bead
Yellow when hot, white when cold None Zn2+
Grey bead which
Brown when hot, yellow when cold Pb2+
marks the paper
No characteristic residue Red beads or scales Cu2+
White residue which glows on heating None Ba2+,Ca2+, Mg2+
Nothing definite–generally
Black None
coloured salt
Cobalt Nitrate Test :

In case the residue is white in colour after charcoal cavity test, add a drop of cobalt nitrate in the charcoal
cavity. A drop of water is then added and the mass is heated in an oxidising flame using blow pipe. It is cooled
and one or two drops of cobalt nitrate solution is added and then again heated in the oxidising flame. Different
metal salts give different coloured mass as given in the table. To illustrate :
ZnSO4 + Na2 CO3  ZnCO3 + Na2 SO4 ; ZnCO3  ZnO + CO2
2Co (NO3)2  2CoO + 4 NO2 + O2 ; ZnO + CoO  ZnO. CoO (or CoZnO2)
(Rinmann's green)
Table : 4

NV Sir VKP Sir
Flame test :
The chlorides of the metals are more volatile as compared to other salts and these are prepared in situ by
mixing the compounds with a little concentrated hydrochloric acid. On heating in a non-luminous Bunsen
flame they are volatilized and impart a characteristic colour to the flame as these absorb energy from the
flame and transmit the same as light as characteristic colour .
Table : 5
Colour of Flame Inference

Crimson Red / Carmine Red Lithium
Golden yellow Sodium
Violet/Lilac Potassium
Brick red Calcium
Crimson Strontium
Apple Green/Yellowish Green Barium
Green with a Blue centre/Greenish Blue Copper
Borax Bead test :
On Heating borax forms a colourless glassy bead of NaBO2 and B2O3 .

 
Na2B4O7.10H2O  Na2B4O7  2NaBO2 + B2O3
On heating with a coloured salt , the glassy bead forms a coloured metaborate in oxidising flame.
For example, in oxidising flame copper salts give blue bead.

CuSO4  CuO + SO3 ; CuO + B2O3  Cu(BO2)2 (blue bead)
However, in reducing flame the colours may be different due to different reactions.
2Cu(BO2)2 + C  2CuBO2 + B2O3 + CO
2Cu(BO2)2 + 2C  2Cu (brown red/red and opaque bead) + 2B2O3 + 2CO.
Table : 6
Colour in oxidising flame Colour in reducing flame

Metal
When Hot When Cold When Hot When Cold
Copper Green Blue Colourless Brown red
Iron Brown yellow Pale yellow/Yellow Bottle green Bottle green
Chromium Yellow Green Green Green
Cobalt Blue Blue Blue Blue
Manganese Violet/Amethyst Red/Amethyst Grey/Colourless Grey/Colourless
Nickel Violet Brown/Reddish brown Grey Grey
 Non luminous flame is called oxidising flame.

 Luminous flame is called reducing flame.
 All acid radicals which are in JEE syllabus are colourless and diamagnetic. Hence the colour of the
salts is only due to the basic radicals.

NV Sir VKP Sir
OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
* Marked Questions are having more than one correct option.

Acid radicals (Anions)
1. Dilute H2SO4 group
1.1 Sodium carbonate extract is a mixture of :
(A) [Salt + Na2CO 3 + HCl] (B) [Salt + Na2CO 3 + H2O]
(C) [Salt + CaCO3 + HCl] (D) [Salt + Na2CO 3 + HNO 3]
1.2 For the test of sulphite, the soda extract is acidified with :
(A) dil HCl (B) dil HNO3 (C) CH3COOH (D) None of these
1.3 Which of the following gives a suffocating gas when treated with dilute HCl ?
(A) Carbonate (B) Sulphite (C) Sulphate (D) Borate
1.4* The carbonate of which of the following cation is soluble in water ?

(A) Na+ (B) K+ (C) NH4+ (D) Ca2+
1.5 The mixture when rubbed with organic acid smells like vinegar obtain. It contains :
(A) sulphur (B) nitrate (C) nitrite (D) acetate
1.6 Colourless salt (A) + dil. H2SO4 or CH3COOH + Kl  blue colour with starch. (A) can be :
(A) K2SO3 (B) Na2CO3 (C) NH4NO2 (D) NH4Cl
1.7* Zinc pieces are added to acidified solution of SO32 – . Gas liberated can :
(A) turn lead acetate paper black. (B) turn lime water milky.
(C) give white precipitate with AgNO3 solution. (D) decolourize acidified KMnO4 solution.
1.8 A mixture when rubbed with dilute acid smells like vinegar. It contains :
(A) sulphite (B) nitrate (C) nitrite (D) acetate
1.9 A substance on treatment with dilute H2SO4 liberates a colourless gas which produces (i) turbidity with
baryta water and (ii) turns acidified dichromate solution green. The reaction indicates the presence of :
(A) CO32– (B) S2– (C) SO32– (D) NO2–
1.10 An inorganic compound ‘A’ is dissolved in dilute hydrochloric acid and is then warmed. A colourless gas ‘B’
is produced. When a filter paper moistened with potassium iodate and the starch solution is exposed to the
gas it turns blue. The gas B and the compound A are :
(A) SO2 and Na2SO3 (B) SO3 and Na2SO4 (C) H2S and Na2S (D) H2S and Na2SO3
1.11 Which of the following combines with Fe() ions to form a brown complex?
(A) N2O (B) NO (C) N2 O3 (D) N2O4
1.12* Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?

(A) A filter paper moistened with cadmium acetate solution turns yellow, when brought in contact with H2S
gas.
(B) Both carbonate ions as well as bicarbonate ions in the solutions, give reddish-brown precipitate with
mercury(II) chloride.
(C) Sulphites in presence of zinc, reacts with dilute H2SO4 to liberate SO3 gas.
(D) A filter paper moistened with KIO3 and starch turns blue in contact with SO2 vapours.

NV Sir VKP Sir
2. Concentrated H2SO4 group
2.1 The chromyl chloride test is meant for which of the following ions ?
(A) Cl– ions (B) Both Cl– and Br– ions
(C) I– ions (D) Cl– and CrO 42– ions
2.2 Which of the following reagents turns white precipitate of AgCl yellow ?
(A) NaI (B) Na3AsO3 (C) Na3AsO4 (D) NaCN
2.3 When a mixture of solid NaCl and solid K2Cr2O7 is heated with concentrated H2SO4, deep red vapours are
obtained. This is due to the formation of :
(A) chromous chloride (B) chromyl chloride (C) chromic chloride (D) chromic sulphate
2.4 AgCl dissolves in ammonia solution giving :

(A) Ag+, NH4+ and Cl– (B) Ag(NH3)+ and Cl– (C) Ag2(NH3)2+ and Cl– (D) Ag(NH3)2+ and Cl–
2.5 Violet vapours are given out when ........... is treated with conc. H2SO 4 :
(A) bromide (B) iodide (C) chloride (D) nitrate
2.6 A mixture upon adding conc. H2SO4 gives deep red fumes. It may contain the anions pair :
(A) Cr2O72 – and Cl– (B) Br – and Cr2O72 – (C) NO3– and Cl – (D) CrO42 – and NO32 –
2.7 A solution of a salt in concentrated sulphuric acid produced a deep blue colour with starch iodide solution.
The salt may be :
(A) chloride (B) carbonate (C) acetate (D) bromide
2.8 AgCl react with NH3 & forms a complex :

(A) AgNO3 (B) Ag NH2Cl (C) Ag (NH3)2 Cl (D) Ag mirror
2.9 A colourless solution of a compound gives a precipitate with AgNO3 solution but no precipitate with a solution
of Na2CO3 . The action of concentrated H2SO4 on the compound liberates a suffocating reddish brown gas.
The compound is :
(A) Ba(CH3COO)2 (B) CaCl2 (C) NaI (D) NaBr
2.10 When chlorine (Cl2) water in excess is added to a salt solution containing chloroform, chloroform layer turns
pale yellow/orange Salt contains :
(A) Br– (B) – (C) NO3– (D) S2–
2.11 An aqueous solution of salt containing an acidic radical X– reacts with sodium hypochlorite in neutral medium.
The gas evolved produces blue black colour spot on the starch paper. The anion X– is :
(A) CH3COO– (B) Br– (C) I– (D) NO2–
2.12 When chlorine water is added to an aqueous solution of potassium halide in the presence of chloroform, a
colour is developed but on adding more of chlorine water the colour disappears, and a colourless solution is
obtained. This test confirms the presence of the following in aqueous solution.
(A) Iodide (B) Bromide (C) Chloride (D) Iodide and bromide
2.13 Nitrate is confirmed by ring test. The brown colour of the ring is due to formation of :
(A) ferrous nitrite (B) nitroso ferrous sulphate
(C) ferrous nitrate (D) FeSO4 .NO2
2.14 Nitrates of all the metals except mercury and bismuth are :
(A) coloured (B) unstable (C) soluble in water (D) insoluble in water
2.15* Which of the following reagents can be used for making the distinction between AgCl and AgI ?
(A) Sodium arsenite solution. (B) Dilute ammonia solution.
(C) Potassium cyanide solution. (D) Dilute HNO3.

NV Sir VKP Sir
3. Precipitation Reactions
3.1 Precipitate of PbSO4 is soluble in :
(A) ammonium acetate (6M) (B) dilute HCl
(C) dilute H2SO4 (D) none
3.2 There are four test tubes containing dilute HCl, BaCl2, CdCl2 and KNO3 solutions. Which of the following
reagents will help in the identification of BaCl2 ?
(A) NaOH (B) K2CrO4 (C) AgNO3 (D) both (B) and (C)
Basic radical (cations)

4. Zero Group
4.1 Nessler’s reagent is :
(A) K2 Hg4 (B) K2 Hg4 + KOH (C) K2Hg 2 + KOH (D) K2 Hg4 + K
4.2 Ammonia/ammonium ion gives yellow precipitate with :

(A) H2PtCl6 (B) HgCl2 (C) Na3[Co(NO2)6] (D) (A) and (C) both
4.3 Ammonium salts on heating with slaked lime liberates a colourless gas (X). Identify the correct statement for
gas (X).
(A) (X) turns red litmus blue and produces dense white fumes in contact with dilute HCl.
(B) (X) turns filter paper moistened with mercurous nitrate black and gives intense blue coloured solution with
CuSO4(aq).
(C) (X) when passed through Nessler's reagent produces a brown colour precipitate.
(D) All of these.
5. Ist Group
5.1 A metal nitrate reacts with KI solution to give yellow precipitate which on addition of excess of more
concentrated solution (6 M) of KI dissolves forming a solution. The cation of metal nitrate is :
(A) Hg22+ (B) Ag+ (C) Pb2+ (D) Cu2+
5.2 Three separate samples of a solution of a single salt gave these results. One formed a white precipitate with
excess ammonia solution, one formed a white precipitate with dilute NaCl solution and one formed a black
precipitate with H2S. The salt could be :
(A) AgNO3 (B) Pb(NO3)2 (C) Hg(NO3)2 (D) Mn(NO3)2
5.3* White precipitate of silver chloride is soluble in :

(A) KCN solution (excess) (B) sodium thiosulphate solution (excess)
(C) ammonia solution (D) concentrated solution of KCl
5.4 Cu2+ and Ag+ are both present in the same solution . To precipitate one of the ions and leaves the other in
solution, add :
(A) H2S (aq) (B) HCl (aq) (C) HNO3(aq) (D) NH4NO3(aq)
5.5 Consider the following observation :

 CrO 24 –
Mn+ + HCl (dilute)  white precipitate  water soluble   yellow precipitate.
n+
The metal ion M will be :
(A) Hg2+ (B) Ag+ (C) Pb2+ (D) Sn2+
5.6* In which of the following reactions, white precipitate is obtained as one of the reaction products ?
(A) Pb2+ (aq) + CO32– (aq) + H2O ()  Products
(B) Pb2+ (aq) + Br– (aq)  Products
(C) Ag+ (aq) + NH3 (aq) + H2O ()  Products
s
(D) Ag+ (aq) + Cl– (aq)  Products
s
5.7 A white crystalline substance dissolves in water. On passing H2S in this solution, a black precipitate is
obtained. The black precipitate dissolves completely in hot HNO3. On adding a few drops of concentrated
H2SO4 , a white precipitate is obtained. This precipitate is that of :
(A) BaSO4 (B) SrSO4 (C) PbSO4 (D) CdSO4

NV Sir VKP Sir
6. IInd Group
6.1 Sometimes yellow turbidity appears while passing H2S gas even in slightly acidic medium the absence of 
group radicals. This is because :
(A) sulphur is present in the mixture as impurity.
(B) IV group radicals are precipitated as sulphides.
(C) of the oxidation of H2S gas by some acid radicals.
(D)  group radicals are precipitated as hydroxides.
6.2 H2S in the presence of HCl precipitates  group but not V group because :
(A) HCl activates H2S (B) HCl increases concentration of Cl–
(C) HCl decreases concentration of S 2– (D) HCl lowers the solubility of H2S in solution
6.3 Yellow ammonium sulphide solution is a suitable reagent for the separation of :
(A) HgS and PbS (B) PbS and Bi2 S3 (C) Bi2 S3 and CuS (D) CdS and As2 S3
6.4 In which of the following pairs the precipitates are red and black coloured respectively and both precipitates
are soluble in excess KI solution ?
(A) HgI2 , Hg2I2 (B) HgI2 , BiI3 (C) Cu2I2 , AgI (D) CdI2 , PbI2
6.5 Which one of the following salts will produce clear and transparent original solution in 2M HCl ?
(A) Ag2CO3 (B) Pb(CO3)2 (C) Hg2CO3 (D) CuCO3
6.6 A metal chloride original solution (i.e. O.S) on mixing with K2CrO4 solution gives a yellow precipitate soluble
in aqueous sodium hydroxide. The metal may be :
(A) mercury (B) iron (C) silver (D) lead
6.7 Which of the following is insoluble in dil. HNO3 but dissolves in aquaregia ?
(A) HgS (B) PbS (C) Bi2 S3 (D) CuS
6.8 When small amount of SnCl2 is added to a solution of Hg2+ ions, a silky while precipitate is obtained. The
silky white precipitate is due to the formation of :
(A) Hg2Cl2 (B) SnCl4 (C) Sn (D) Hg
6.9 Which of the following reagents gives white precipitate with Hg(NO3)2 solution ?
(A) Cobalt (II) thiocyanate (B) Tin (II) chloride (excess)
(C) Ammonia solution (D) Potassium cyanide solution
6.10 When excess of dilute NH4OH is added to an aqueous solution of copper sulphate an intense blue colour is
developed. This is due to the formation of :
(A) [Cu(NH3)6]2+ (B) Cu(OH)2 (C) [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (D) (NH4)2SO4
6.11 A black sulphide is formed by the action of H2S on :

(A) cupric chloride (B) cadmium chloride (C) zinc chloride (D) ferric chloride.
6.12* Cu2+ ions will be reduced to Cu+ ions by the addition of an aqueous solution of :
(A) KI (B) KCl (C) KSCN (D) KCN
6.13 When bismuth chloride is poured into a large volume of water the white precipitate produced is of :
(A) BiO.OH (B) Bi2 O3 (C) BiOCl (D) Bi (OH)3
6.14* Which of the following is/are not correctly matched ?

(A) BiI3   Black (B) Cu2I2   White precipitate
(C) PbI2   Yellow precipitate (D) HgI2   Red precipitate

NV Sir VKP Sir
7. IIIrd Group
7.1 When NH4Cl is added to a solution of NH4OH :

(A) the dissociation of NH4OH increases. (B) the concentration of OH– increases.
(C) the concentrations of both OH– an NH4+ increase. (D) the concentration of OH– ion decreases.
7.2 The solution of sodium meta aluminate on diluting with water and then boiling with ammonium chloride gives:
(A) [Al(H2O)5OH]2+ (B) AlCl3 (C) Al (OH)3 (D) NaAl(OH)4
7.3 An original solution of an inorganic salt in dilute HCl gives a brown colouration with potassium hexacyanidoferrate
(III) and reddish brown colouration with sodium acetate solution. The cation of the salt is :
(A) Ni2+ (B) Fe3+ (C) Cu2+ (D) none
7.4 Intense blue precipitate of Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 and potassium hydroxide solution when mixed gives :
(A) K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] - white precipitate (B) Fe(OH)3 - reddish–brown precipitate
(C) Fe(CN)3 – reddish–brown precipitate (D) KFe[Fe(CN)6] - Turnbull's blue
7.5 Turnbull’s blue is a .................... .

(A) ferricyanide (B) ferrous ferricyanide (C) ferrous cyanide (D) ferri ferrocyanide
7.6 Fe(OH)3 and Cr(OH)3 precipitates can be completely separated by :

(A) Aq. NH3 (B) HCl (C) NaOH/H2O2 (D) H2SO4
7.7 Ferric alum gives deep red colour with NH4SCN due to the formation of :
(A) Al(SCN)3 (B) [Fe(SCN)3]– (C) Fe(SCN)3 (D) none of these.
7.8 NH4SCN can be used to test one or more out of Fe3+ , Co2+ ,Cu2+ :
(A) Fe3+ only (B) Co2+ , Cu2+ only (C) Fe3+ Cu2+ only (D) All
7.9 K4[Fe(CN)6] can be used to detect one or more out of Fe2+ , Fe3+, Zn2+, Cu2+, Ag+ , Ca2+ :
(A) only Fe2+, Fe3+ (B) only Fe3+,Zn2+,Cu2+ (C) all but not Ca2+ (D) all of these.
8. IVth Group
8.1 To increase significantly the concentration of free Zn2+ ion in a solution of the complex ion [Zn(NH3)4]2+
Zn2+ (aq) + 4NH 3 (aq) [Zn(NH3)4]2+ (aq)
add to the solution some :
(A) H2O (B) HCl (aq) (C) NH3(aq) (D) NH4Cl (aq)
8.2 CoS (black) obtained in group IV of salt analysis is dissolved in aqua regia and is treated with an excess of
NaHCO3 and then Br2 water. An apple green coloured stable complex is formed. It is :
(A) sodium cobaltocarbonate (B) sodium cobaltibromide
(C) sodium cobalticarbonate (D) sodium cobaltobromide
8.3 A metal salt solution when treated with dimethyl glyoxime and NH4OH gives a rose red complex. The metal
is:
(A) Ni (B) Zn (C) Co (D) Mn.
8.4 An aqueous solution of colourless metal sulphate M, gives a white precipitate with NH4OH. This was soluble
in excess of NH4OH. On passing H2S through this solution a white precipitate is formed. The metal M in the
salt is :
(A) Ca (B) Ba (C) Al (D) Zn
8.5 Which one of the following ions does not give borax bead test ?
(A) Cr3+ (B) Cu2+ (C) Mn2+ (D) Zn2+

NV Sir VKP Sir
8.6 Which of the following compound is formed in borax bead test ?
(A) Orthoborate (B) Metaborate (C) Double oxide (D) Tetraborate
8.7* White precipitate of Zn(OH)2 dissolves in :

(A) sodium hydroxide solution (B) acid solution
(C) ammonia solution (D) solution of ammonium salts
8.8* Select the correct statements with respect to the manganese nitrate solution in water.
(A) It gives pink precipitate of Mn(NH4)PO4.7H2O with Na2HPO4, in the presence of ammonia solution.
(B) It gives white precipitate of Mn(OH)2 with sodium hydroxide which rapidly oxidises on exposure to air,
becoming brown.
(C) On boiling with PbO2 and concentrated HNO3, a violet-red coloured product is obtained.
(D) It gives white precipitate of manganese(II) sulphide with ammonium sulphide solution.
9. Vth and VIth Group

9.1 Aqueous Solution of BaBr2 gives yellow precipitate with :
(A) K2CrO4 (B) AgNO3 (C) (CH3COO)2Pb (D) (A) and (B) both
9.2 The addition of K2CO3 (aq) to the following solution is expected to produce a precipitate in every case but
that one which does not produce precipitate is :
(A) BaCl2(aq) (B) CaBr2(aq) (C) Na2SO4(aq) (D) Pb(NO3)2 (aq)
9.3 An aqueous solution of salt gives white precipitate with AgNO3 solution as well as with dilute H2SO4. It may
be:
(A) Pb(NO3)2 (B) Ba(NO3)2 (C) BaCl2 (D) CuCl2
9.4 If crimson flame is given when an inorganic mixture is tested by flame test, it may be due to the presence of:
(A) potassium (B) strontium (C) barium (D) calcium
9.5 A brick red colour is imparted to Bunsen flame by a :

(A) Ca salt (B) Sr salt (C) Na salt (D) Co salt
9.6 The presence of magnesium is confirmed in the qualitative analysis by :

(A) titan yellow solution + 2M NaOH solution (B) disodium hydrogen phosphate +NH4Cl + NH3 (aq.)
(C) magneson(I) reagent (D) all of these
9.7* Which of the following solutions give white precipitate with Pb(NO3)2 as well as with Ba(NO3)2 ?
(A) Sodium chloride (B) Sodium sulphate
(C) Disodium hydrogen phosphite (D) Sodium chromate
9.8 Mg is not precipitated in V group because :

(A) MgCO3 is soluble in water. (B) Ksp of MgCO3 is high.
(C) MgCO3 is soluble in NH4OH. (D) None.

NV Sir VKP Sir
PART-I : OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
Single Correct Answer Type
1. When H2S is passed through an ammonical salt solution X, a white precipitate is obtained. Then X
can be a :
(A) Co2+ solution (B) Mn2+ solution (C) Ni 2+ solution (D) Zn2+ solution
2. In third group, bromine water is used to test :

(A) Fe3+ ions (B) Cr3+ ions (C) Al 3+ ions (D) All of these
3. In IV group analysis NH4OH is added before passing H2S gas because :

(A) The sulphides of IV group are insoluble in NH4OH
(B) The sulphides of other metals are soluble in NH4OH
(C) The concentration of S2- ions is increased
(D) The sulphides of second group are soluble in NH4OH
4. An aq. solution containing Hg 2

2
; Hg2+, Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions is mixed with dil. HCl. Which will be
precipitated ?
(A) Hg2Cl 2 (B) PbCl 2 (C) Both (A) and (B) (D) None of these
5. Disodium hydrogen phoshate is used to test :

(A) Mg2+ (B) Na+ (C) Ca2+ (D) All
6. An inorganic salt solution on treatment with HCl gives a white precipitate of which metal ions ?
(A) Hg 2
2 (B) Hg2+ (C) Zn2+ (D) Cd2+
7. An inorganic salt solution gives a yellow preceipte with silver nitrate. The precipitate dissolves in dilute
nitric acid as well as in ammonium hydroxide. The solution contains :
(A) bromide (B) iodide (C) phosphate (D) chromate
8. Which of the following salts will turn water coloured when fumes evolved on treatment with conc.
H2SO 4 are passed in water ?
(A) Nitrate (B) Bromide (C) Both (D) None
9. A salt which gives CO2 with hot conc. H2SO 4 and also decolourizes acidified KMnO4 on warming is:
(A) bicarbonate (B) carbonate (C) oxalate (D) acetate
10. Na2CO 3 cannot be used in place of (NH4)2 CO 3 for the precipitation of V group, because :
(A) Na+ interferes in the detection of V group. (B) conc.of CO32– is very low.
(C) Na will react with acid radicals. (D) Mg will be precipitated.
11. Which gives blood red colour with ammonium thiocyanate ?

(A) Fe3+ (B) Fe2+ (C) Cu2+ (D) Cd2+
12. In III group precipitation NH4Cl is added before adding NH4OH due to :
(A) decreasing conc. of OH– (B) prevent interference of PO43–
(C) increase in conc. of Cl – (D) increase in conc. of OH– ions
13. Few drops of HNO3 are added to II group filtrate before proceeding to III group in order to :
(A) convert Fe2+ to Fe3+ (B) convert Fe3+ to Fe2+
(C) precipitate III group (D) none
NV Sir VKP Sir
14. The sulphides of which one of the following groups of elements are soluble in yellow ammonium
sulphide?
(A) As, Sb and Sn (B) As, Cd and Sn (C) Cd, Cu and Bi (D) Hg, Cu and Cd
15. How do we differentiate between Fe3+ and Cr3+ in group III ?

(A) By adding excess of NH4OH solution. (B) By increasing NH4+ ion concentration.
–
(C) By decreasing OH ion concentration. (D) Both (B) and (C).
NaOH
16. salt X  
 Y (gas)
Heat

Gives brown (Mg3N2 + H2O)

ring test
Salt X is :
(A) NH4NO 3 (B) NH4Cl (C) KNO3 (D) Ba(NO3)2
17. (KCl + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4) Heat Red Gas
dil NaOH
Pb(Ac)2 Yellow
X
Solution
The formula and colour of X are respectively :

(A) CrO2Cl 2, red colour
(B) PbCrO4, yellow colour
(C) BaCrO4, Green Colour
(D) Cr2(SO4)3, Green Colour
18. A substance on treatment with dil H2SO4 liberates a colourless gas which produces :
(i) turbidity with baryta water and
(ii) turns acidified dichromate solution green
The reaction indicates the presence of :
(A) CO3–2 (B) S–2 (C) SO3–2 (D) NO2–
19.
The gas ‘G’ will show which of the following property ?

(A) It turns lead acetate filter paper black.
(B) It turns acidified K2Cr2O7 filter paper green.
(C) It produces purple colouration on filter paper moistened with sodium nitroprusside already made alkaline
with sodium hydroxide.
(D) All of these

NV Sir VKP Sir
20. Consider following reaction ; Nitrite + Acetic acid + Thiourea  N2 + SCN– + 2H2O. Formation of the
product in the above reaction can be identified by :
(A) FeCl3 / dilute HCl, when blood red colour appears.
(B) FeCl3 / dilute HCl, when blue colour appears.
(C) K2Cr2O7 / HCl, when green colour appear.
(D) KMnO4 / HCl, when colourless solution is formed.
21. White precipitate of AgCl turns to greyish or black when :

(A) reacts with Na3AsO4 (B) exposed to sunlight
(C) reacts with K2CrO4 (D) reacts with concentrated HCl
22. A mixture of two colourless substances was dissolved in water. When gaseous Cl2 was passed through the
solution, containing small quantity of CCl4 a violet colour developed in organic layer. Addition of BaCl2 to the
original solution give a white precipitate. The mixture contains :
(A) salts of nitrate and chloride. (B) salts of bromide and chloride.
(C) salts of iodide and sulphate. (D) salts of sulphate and chloride.
23. A white crystalline solid (A) on boiling with caustic soda solution gave a gas (B), which when passed through
an alkaline solution of potassium mercuric iodide gave brown precipitate. The substance (A) on heating gave
a gas (X), which rekindled a glowing splinter but did not give brown fumes with nitric oxide .The gas (B) is :
(A) H2 S (B) NH3 (C) HCl (D) CO2
24. An aqueous solution of compound 'A' gives white precipitate with 2M HCl. The precipitate becomes black on
addition of aqueous NH3 due to formation of ‘B’. ‘B’ dissolves in aquaregia. ‘A’ and ‘B’ are :
(A) Hg2+ and Hg Cl2 (B) Hg22+ and Hg2 Cl2
(C) Hg2+ and Hg (NH2) Cl + Hg (D) Hg22+ and Hg (NH2) Cl + Hg
25. A compound (X) reacts in the following ways.
The compound (X) is likely to be

(A) Pb(NO3)2 (B) CaCrO4 (C) Hg(NO3)2 (D) AgNO3
26. To a solution of a substance, gradual addition of ammonium hydroxide results in a brownish black
precipitate which does not dissolve in excess of NH4OH. However, when KI (not in excess) is added to the
original solution, a green precipitate is formed. The solution contained :
(A) lead salt (B) silver salt (C) mercurous salt (D) copper salt
27. Black precipitate of copper sulphide dissolves in :

(A) KCN solution. (B) sodium sulphide solution.
(C) sodium hydroxide. (D) boiling dilute (M) sulphuric acid.
28. Which of the following metal salts gives a red and opaque borax bead in the reducing flame (in cold) ?
(A) Ni (B) Fe (C) Cu (D) Mn
29. Which one among the following pairs of ions cannot be separated by H2S in dilute hydrochloric acid ?
(A) Bi3+, Sn4+ (B) Al3+, Hg2+ (C) Zn2+, Cu2+ (D) Ni2+, Cu2+
30. The reagents, NH4Cl and aqueous NH3 will precipitate :

(A) Ca2+ (B) Al3+ (C) Mg2+ (D) Zn2+ .

NV Sir VKP Sir
31. In the precipitation of the iron group in qualitative analysis, ammonium chloride is added before adding
ammonium hydroxide to :
(A) decrease concentration of OH– ions (B) prevent interference by phosphate ions
(C) increase concentration of Cl– ions (D) increase concentration of NH4+ ions
32. Which one of the following can be used in place of NH4Cl for the identification of the third group radicals?
(A) NH4NO3 (B) (NH4)2SO4 (C) (NH4)2CO3 (D) NaCl.
33. Which one of the following metal salts produces a blue coloured bead in cobalt nitrate charcoal cavity test ?
(A) Zn2+ (B) Mg2+ (C) Sn2+ (D) Al3+
34. Which of the following is correct ?

(A) AgCl(s) + Na3 AsO3  colourless solution (B) FeCl3(aq) + K4 Fe(CN)6  brown precipitate.
(C) FeCl3(aq) + K3Fe(CN)6  brown colouration. (D) CuSO4(aq) + KCN (excess)  blue colouration.
35. Fe2+ does not give prussian blue colour with K4[Fe(CN)6] but on its reaction with (X), prussian blue colour
appears. (X) can be :
(A) MnO4–/ H+ (B) Zn/NaOH (C) NH3 (aq) (D) all true
36. When HNO3 is added to sodium ferrocyanide, which of the following observation is observed ?
(A) NaFe[Fe(CN)6] is produced. (B) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 is formed.
(C) Fe3[Fe(CN)6]2 is formed. (D) Na2[Fe(CN)5(NO)+]2– is formed.
37. What product is formed by mixing the solution of K4 [Fe(CN)6] with the solution of FeCl2 in complete
absence of air ?
(A) Ferro ferricyanide (B) Ferric ferrocyanide (C) Ferric ferricyanide (D) None
38. Select the correct statement with respect to Fe3+ ions.

(A) Iron (III) ions react with H2S in acidic solution to give a black precipitate of Fe2S3.
(B) Iron (III) ions react with ammonium sulphide to give the black precipitate of Fe2S3.
(C) Iron (III) ions react with ammonium thiocyanate solution to produce deep red colouration.
(D) All of these
39. Which one of the following compounds on reaction with Na2O2 in alkaline medium gives yellow colour
solution?
(A) Cr (OH)3 (B) Zn(OH)2 (C) Al(OH)3 (D) None of these.
40. A dark green bead in the borax bead test (in oxidising flame) indicates the presence of :
(A) Cr3+ (B) Mn2+ (C) Co2+ (D) Ni2+
41. Which of the following cation does not give red colour precipitate/solution with dimethylglyoxime (DMG) in
alkaline solution ?
(A) Zn+2 (B) Ni+2 (C) Fe2+ (D) both (A) and (C)
42. A suspension containing insoluble substances ZnS, MnS, HgS, Ag2S and FeS, is treated with 2N HCl. On
filtering, the filtrate contains appreciable amounts of which one of the following?
(A) Zinc and mercury (B) Silver and iron
(C) Manganese and mercury (D) Zinc, manganese and iron
43. An aqueous solution contains both Al3+ & Zn2+.To this solution NH4OH is added in excess.
(A) Only Al(OH)3 will be precipitated. (B) Only Zn(OH)2 will be precipitated.
(C) Both will be precipitated. (D) No precipitate will appear.
44. A metal M and its compound can give the following observable changes in a sequence of reactions,
very dilute Colourless solution   White  excess  White 
  aqueous
M HNO
   
   Colourless   H2S / OH –
  precipitate
3

and no gas is evolved 
 NaOH precipitate 
 NaOH (aq.) 
 solution 
  
The metal M can be :
(A) Mg (B) Pb (C) Zn (D) Sn
NV Sir VKP Sir
45. In fifth group, (NH4)2CO3 is added to precipitate out the carbonates. We do not add Na2CO3 because :
(A) CaCO3 is soluble in Na2CO3.
(B) Na2CO3 increases the solubility of fifth group carbonates.
(C) MgCO3 will be precipitated out in fifth group.
(D) none.
46. A metal salt solution forms a yellow precipitate with potassium chromate in acetic acid, a white precipitate
with dilute sulphuric acid, but gives no precipitate with sodium chloride or iodide, it is :
(A) lead carbonate (B) basic lead carbonate
(C) barium carbonate (D) strontium carbonate
Multiple Correct Answer(s) Type :

47. Cu2+ ions give white precipitate with :
(A) potassium iodide solution. (B) potassium thiocyanate and saturated solution of SO2.
(C) excess potassium cyanide solution. (D) potassium hydroxide solution.
48. Which of the following statements is/are true ?

(A) Ag+ ions do not give white precipitate with concentrated HCl.
(B) Cu2+ ions produce a white precipitate when KCN solution is added in a small quantity.
(C) Hg2+ ions give deep blue precipitate with cobalt acetate and ammonium thiocyanate.
(D) Black precipitate of BiI3 turns orange when heated with water.
49. Na2SO4 and Na2S can be distinguished from each other by using :
(A) dilute H2SO4 (B) acidified KMnO4 solution
(C) sodium nitroprusside solution (D) cadmium acetate solution
50. K solution is the reagent for :

(A) Hg2+ (B) Pb2+ (C) Ag+ (D) Cu2+
51. Which of the following cations form(s) black precipitate(s) with H2S (g) ?
(A) Cu2+ (B) Sb3+ (C) Pb2+ (D) Bi3+
52. In  B group of basic radicals, the yellow precipitate (s) is/are given by :
(A) As3+ (B) Sb3+ (C) Sn4+ (D) Sn2+
53. Borax bead test is given by :

(A) Co2+ (B) Zn2+ (C) Cu2+ (D) Ni2+
54. Which of the following anion(s) evolve(s) reddish brown gas with concentrated H2SO4?
(A) Br– (B) NO3– (C) SO32– (D) –
55. Concentrated aqueous ammonia dissolve(s) which of the following completely ?

(A) AgCl (B) AgBr (C) Ag2CrO4 (D) Ag
boiled
56. Hg2I2 (green)   products
with H2O
Which of the following statement is correct with respect to the products ?

(A) Black precipitate of mercury(I) oxide is formed. (B) Violet colour gas is evolved.
(C) Red precipitate of HgI2 is formed. (D) Mercury is obtained
57. H2S will precipitate the sulphide of all the metals from the solution of chlorides of Cu, Zn and Cd if :
(A) the solution is aqueous. (B) the solution is acidic.
(C) the solution is slightly acidic. (D) solution is alkaline.

NV Sir VKP Sir
58. Which of the following statement(s) is /are false ?
(A) Fe3+ gives red precipitate with dimethyl glyoxime in alkaline solution.
(B) Cu2+ ion with potassium iodide solution gives a dirty brownish white precipitate which turns white on
adding hypo solution.
(C) A filter paper soaked in mercurous nitrate turns black in contact with ammonia gas.
(D) Ag2O does not dissolve in nitric acid and ammonia solution.
59. Which of the following compound(s) is /are insoluble in excess aqueous sodium hydroxide ?
(A) ZnCl2 (B) CdCl2 (C) AlCl3 (D) MnCl2
60. Ammonium molybdate test is used for the estimation of :

(A) PO43– (B) Mg2+ (C) As3+ (D) CH3COO–
61. Which of the following statement(s) is/are true?

(A) Titan yellow solution gives red colouration with a neutral solution containing Mg 2+ ions
(B) Solution of nitrite is decomposed by sulphamic acid.
(C) Fe2+ ions give brown colour precipitate with [Fe(CN)6]3– ions solution.
(D) Green precipitate of Cr(OH)3 is soluble in Na2O2.
62. Which of the following is/are correct for potassium ferrocyanide ?

(A) It gives a brown precipitate with Cu2+ ions.
(B) It gives a white precipitate of mixed salt with Ca2+ ions.
(C) It in excess gives a bluish white/white precipitate with Zn2+.
(D) It develops a deep red colouration with Fe3+.
63. CoCl2 + KNO2 + CH3COOH  [X] + H2O + KCl + CH3COOK + NO

(Unbalenced equation)
(A) X is a yellow crystalline solid insoluble in water.
(B) X is a green coloured compounds knwon as kinman's green.
(C) IUPAC name of X is potassium hexanitrito –N– cobaltate (II)
(D) The compound X is an inner orbital complex.
64. Consider the reactions shown below ;
Which of the following statement (s) is/are correct ?

(A) [X] is a yellow coloured precipitate.
(B) [X] is soluble in ammonia solution.
(C) [Y] gives green coloured solution with excess of sodium hydroxide solution.
(D) The conversion of Cr2O72– to [Y] is an redox reaction.
PART-II SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
1. What will happen if to a solution of Ca(HCO3)2, formed by passing the carbon dioxide through a milky
solution of CaCO3 for a longer time, ammonia solution is added ?
2. Write the names of the acidic radicals which can be tested by aqueous solution of barium chloride.
3. What will happen if to a white precipitate of BaSO3 , bromine water is added ?

NV Sir VKP Sir
4. A nitrite solution is added to a saturated solution of iron(II) acidified with dilute acetic acid or with dilute
sulphuric acid. If any reactions occours then write the name and chemical composition of the product
formed. Write also the chemical equations involved.
5. What happens when a sulphite reacts with dilute H2SO4 in presence of zinc ?
6. A compound containing acetate radical is made to react with neutral ferric chloride. The solution is then
diluted with water and boiled for 1-2 minutes. A reddish brown precipitate is obtained. Give the chemical
composition of reddish brown precipitate.
7. In which reagents the AgCl precipitate is soluble ?
8. In which of the following reagents, the white precipitate of PbSO4 is soluble ?

dilute HCl, hot concentrated H2SO4, ammonium acetate (6M), ammonium tartrate 6M in the presence of
ammonia, sodium hydroxide solution.
9. Mercuric nitrate solution reacts with a soluble sulphate forming a yellow precipitate. If the statement is true
then explain giving the complete balanced equation.
10. What is the formula of iodide of Millon's base ?
11. What happens when ammonia gas is passed into a solution of sodium cobaltinitrite ?
12. When calomel reacts with ammonia solution, a black precipitate is formed. Write the chemical equation and
also name the reaction nature.
13. What products are formed when precipitate formed by the reaction of Hg22+ ions and excess of sodium
hydroxide solution is boiled ?
14. In which of the reagent, white precipitate of Pb3(PO4)2 is soluble ?
15. Why do lead salts turn black on keeping for a long time in the laboratory ?
16. Name one chloride which is soluble in hot water as well as in excess of HCl.
17. Does mercuric sulphide dissolve in sodium sulphide solution (of 2M) ?
18. What happens when white precipitate of Bi(OH)3 is boiled ?
19. Why Na2S cannot be used in place of H2S (in presence of HCl) as a reagent for IInd group cations ?
20. Is their any reaction other then cyanide reaction which can be used for the differentiation of Cu2+ and Cd2+
ions?
21. Which basic radical is tested with the help of alkaline sodium stannite?
22. What happens when ammonium sulphide solution reacts with a solution containing a Cr(III) salt ?
23. Do Fe(III) salts and Fe(II) salts both give red colouration with dimethylglyoxime in ammonical solution. If not
then which iron salt gives red colouration with dimethylglyoxime ?
24. Which colour precipitate is formed by Fe(II) salt with potassium ferrocyanide, (i) in complete absence of air
and (ii) under ordinary atmospheric condition ?
25. Partial precipitation of Mn2+ as Mn(OH)2 occurs with ammonia solution but the precipitate is soluble in
ammonium salts. Explain ?
NV Sir VKP Sir
26. What happens when Mn(II) ions free from chloride ions react with acidified solution of (NH4)2S2O8 or K2S2O8
in presence of a few drops of AgNO3 solution ?
27. Why Zn(II) salt is not precipitated as Zn(OH)2 by ammonia solution in the presence of excess of ammonium
chloride ?
28. What will happen if the precipitation of Vth group cation by ammonium carbonate is carried out in neutral
medium ?
29. What happens when ammonium sulphate solution is added to a solution containing both Sr2+ and Ca2+
ions?
30. Which colour precipitate is obtained when a solution of Ca2+ ions reacts with potassium ferrocyanide.
31. Salt + H2SO4 (dilute)  Coloured vapours which turns starch iodide paper blue. Identify the acid radical
and the coloured vapours giving the relevant chemical equations.
32. Which chloride of st group basic radicals turns black on treatment with NH3 ?
33. Which basic radicals form oxo-cations in aqueous solutions ?
34. Which ions cannot co-exist in solution ?
35. Which radical of group IVth gives bluish white / white precipitate with excess K4[Fe(CN)6] ?
36. What products are formed ? When :

(i) Disodium hydrogen phosphate is added to magnesium sulphate in presence of ammonium chloride and
aqueous ammonia.
(ii) A solution containing Zn2+ ions is poured in an aqueous ammonia.
(iii) Bi(NO3)3 solution is mixed with K and then resulting precipitate is heated with water.
(iv) Disodium hydrogen phosphate is boiled with concentrated HNO3 and ammonium molybdate reagent.
37. Complete and balance the following chemical reactions.

fused
(i) Cu(BO2)2 + C   (ii) AgBr + concentrated NH3 
fused 
(iii) Cr(OH)3 + Na2CO3 + KNO3   (iv) Cu(NO3)2 
(v) CaSO3 + SO2 + H2O 
38. Complete and balance the following reaction.

(i) Na2S + CdCO3  ............... + ..............
Ether
(ii) CoCl2 + NH4SCN   ............... + ...........
39. A black coloured compound (A) on reaction with dilute H2SO4 gives a gas (B) which on passing in a solution
of an acid (C) gives a white turbidity (D). Gas (B) when passed in an acidified solution of a compound (E)
gives a precipitate (F) soluble in dilute HNO3. After boiling this solution when an excess of NH4OH is added,
a intense blue coloured compound (G) is formed. To this solution on addition of acetic acid and aqueous
K4[Fe(CN)6] a chocolate brown precipitate (H) is obtained. On addition of an aqueous solution of BaCl2 to an
aqueous solution of (E) a white precipitate insoluble in dilute HCl is obtained. Identify the compounds from
(A) to (H).

NV Sir VKP Sir
40. A compound (A) is greenish crystalline salt, which gave the following reactions.
(i) Addition of BaCl2 solution to the solution of (A) results in the formation of white precipitate (B) which is
insoluble in dilute HCl.
(ii) On heating (A), water vapours and two oxides of sulphur (C) and (D) are liberated leaving a red brown
residue (E).
(iii) (E) dissolves in warm concentrated HCl to give a yellow solution (F).
(iv) Solution (F) on treatment with thiocyanate ions gives blood red coloured compound (G).
Identify the compounds from (A) to (G).
41. An aqueous solution of salt (A) gives a white crystalline precipitate (B) with NaCl solution. The white precipitate
turns black forming (C) when H2S gas is passed through it. Compound (B) dissolves in hot water and the
resulting solution gives yellow precipitate (D) with KI or yellow precipitate with K2CrO4 or white precipitate
with dilute H2SO4 which is insoluble in C2H5OH. The compound (A) does not evolve any gas with dilute HCl
but liberates a reddish brown gas on heating. Identify the compounds (A) to (D).
42. A white substance (A) reacts with dilute H2SO4 to produce a colourless gas (B) and a colourless solution
(C). The reaction between (B) and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution produces a green solution and a slightly
coloured precipitate (D). The substance (D) burns in air to produce a gas (E) which reacts with (B) to yield (D)
and a colourless liquid. Anhydrous copper sulphate is turned blue on addition of this colourless liquid.
Addition of aqueous NH3 or NaOH to (C) produces first a white precipitate which dissolves in the excess of
the respective reagent to produce a clear solution in each case. Identify (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E).
43. A mixture of two salts was treated as follows.

(i) The mixture was heated with precipitated MnO2 and concentrated H2SO4 when a yellowish green gas was liberated.
(ii) The mixture on heating with NaOH solution gave a gas which turned red litmus blue.
(iii) Its solution in water gave red colouration with dimethylglyoxime in alkaline solution and white precipitate
with K4[Fe(CN)6] in absence of air.
(iv) The mixture was boiled with KOH and the liberated gas was bubbled through an alkaline solution of
K2Hg4 to give a brown precipitate. Identify the ions present in the mixture.
44. (i) A yellow coloured precipitate of compound (A) is formed on passing H2S through a neutral solution
of a salt (B).
(ii) (A) is soluble in hot dilute HNO3 , but insoluble in yellow ammonium sulphide.
(iii) The solution of (B) on treatment with small quantity of NH3 gives white precipitate which
becomes soluble in excess of it forming a compound (C).
(iv) The solution of (B) gives white precipitate with small concentration of KCN which becomes soluble
in excess of this regent forming a compound (D).
(v) The solution of (D) on treatment with H2S gives (A).
(vi) The solution of (B) in dilute HCl on treatment with a solution of BaCl2 gives white precipitate of
compound (E) which is insoluble in concentrated HNO3.
Identify compounds (A) to (E).
45. (i) An aqueous solution of a compound (A) is acidic towards litmus and (A) is sublimed at about 300ºC.
(ii) (A) on treatment with an excess of NH4SCN gives a red coloured compound (B) and on treatment
with a solution of K4Fe(CN)6 gives a blue coloured compound (C).
(iii) (A) on heating with excess of solid K2Cr2O7 in presence of concentrated H2SO4 gives deep red vapour
of (D).
(iv) On passing vapour of (D) into a solution of NaOH and then adding the solution of acetic and lead
acetate, a yellow precipitate of compound (E) is obtained .
Identify (A) to (E) and give chemical equations for the reactions at steps (ii) to (iv).
46. (i) A blue coloured compound (A) on heating gives two product (B) & (C).
(ii) A metal (D) is deposited on passing hydrogen through heated (B).
(iii) The solution of (B) in HCl on treatment with the [Fe(CN) 6 ] 4– gives a chocolate brown
coloured precipitate of compound (E).
(iv) (C) turns lime water milky which disappears on continuous passage of (C) forming a
compound (F).
Identify (A) to (F) and give chemical equations for the reactions at step (i) to (iv).

NV Sir VKP Sir
47. (i) A black coloured compound (B) is formed on passing H 2S through the solution of a
compound (A) in NH4OH.
(ii) (B) on treatment with HCl and potassium chlorate or aquaregia gives (A).
(iii) (A) on treatment with KCN gives a buff / reddish-brown coloured precipitate which dissolves in
excess of this reagent forming a compound (C).
(iv) The compound (C) is changed into a compound (D) when its aqueous solution is boiled in air.
(v) The solution of (A) was treated with excess of NaHCO3 & then with bromine water. On cooling &
shaking for some time, a green colour of compound (E) is formed. No change is observed on heating.
Identify (A) to (E) and give chemical equations.
48. What happens when 4–nitrobenzene diazonium chloride reagent reacts with an ammonium salt in the presence
of sodium hydroxide solution ?
49. Why in cobalt nitrate test for aluminium salts, excess of cobalt nitrate should not be added ?
50. What happens when ?

(a) To a Zn2+ ions solution faintly acidified with 2M acetic acid, 0.1 mL of 0.25 M CuSO4 solution and 2 mL
of ammonium tetrathiocyanatomercurate(II) reagent is added.
(b) The above test is performed in absence of CuSO4 solution.
1. MATCH THE COLUMN

1.1 Match the colour of the precipitates with their respective compounds (molecular formula) obtained in the
analysis of different cations.
Column  Column 
(A) White crystalline precipitate (p) K3 [Co(NO2)6]
(B) Reddish brown precipitate (q) Cr(OH)3
(C) Yellow precipitate (r) Fe(OH)3
(D) Green precipitate (s) PbCl2
(t) Cu3[Fe(CN)6]2
1.2 Match the products of the reactions listed in column-I with the colour of the precipitate(s) listed in column-II.
Column I Column II
boiling
(A) Hg2I2 (green)    (p) Grey / Black precipitate
H2O

(B) BiI3(black) H
O
(q) Orange precipitate
2
boiling
(C) [Fe3(OH)2(CH3COO)6]+ (deep-red salt.)   (r) Reddish-brown precipitate
water
boiling
(D) Ag2SO3 (white)  
water
(s) Red precipitate
(t) Green
1.3 Match the products of reactions listed in column-I with their characteristic(s) listed in column-II.
Column I Column II
(A) HgI2 + I– (excess)  (p) One of the products is a colourless soluble complex.
(B) Cr(OH)3 + NaOH (excess)  (q) One of the products is a coloured soluble complex.
(C) PbCrO4 + NaOH  (r) In one of the products the central atom or ion has tetrahedral
geometry.
(D) K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2 + NaOH  (s) One of the products is a paramagnetic complex.
(t) One of the product is a diamagnetic complex.

NV Sir VKP Sir
1.4 Column – I Column – II
(Reagent) (Radical which gives any type of reactions ; precipitation,
complexation or redox reaction with reagent)
(A) KCN (aq) (p) Pb2+
(B) NaOH (aq) (q) Ag+
(C) KI (aq) (r) Hg22+
(D) K2CrO4 (aq) (s) Cu2+
2. COMPREHENSION
Comprehension # 1
A coloured solution known to contain two metal ions of different groups, was treated with excess cold sodium
hydroxide solution. When filtered a whitish solid, slowly changing to brown, was retained on the filter paper
and a colourless solution collected as the filtrate. Drop wise addition of hydrochloric acid to the filtrate
produced a white precipitate which dissolved in excess acid. Treatment of the residue from the filter paper
with a strong oxidiser, PbO2 and concentrated HNO3 on boiling produced a reddish-violet (purple) solution.
2.1 Indicate any pairs of ions which on testing as above leads to the observed changes.
(A) Al3+ and Mn2+ ions (B) Mg2+ and Zn2+ ions (C) Mn2+ and Mg2+ ions (D) Zn2+ and Mn2+ ions
2.2 Filtrate obtained after separation of white solid contains:

(A) [Al(OH)4]– (B) Al2O3 (C) MnO (D) Na2MnO2
2.3 White solid changing to brown is due to formation of :

(A) Mn(OH)2 (B) MgO (C) Al(OH)3 (D) MnO(OH)2
2.4 Reddish-violet solution obtained by oxidation is of :


(A) ZnO22  (B) MnO 24 (C) MnO 4 (D) MnO2
2.5 Reddish-violet (purple) solution is decolourised by :

(A) both SO32–, Fe2+ (B) both SO42–, Fe3+ (C) both NO3–, Fe2+ (D) both H2O2 , HCO32–
Comprehension # 2
A chemist opened a cupboard and found four bottles containing water solutions, each of which had lost its
label. Bottles 1, 2, 3 contained colourless solutions, while bottle 4 contained a blue solution. The labels from
the bottles were lying scattered on the floor of the cupboard. They were :
copper (II) sulphate, hydrochloric acid
lead nitrate, sodium carbonate
By mixing samples of the contents of the bottles, in pairs, the chemist made the following observations :
Bottle 1 + Bottle 2  white precipitate is formed.
Bottle 2 + Bottle 3  colourless and odourless gas is evolved
Bottle 2 + Bottle 4  no visible reaction is observed.
Bottle 3 + Bottle 4  blue precipitate is formed.

With the help of the above observations answer the following questions.
2.6 Bottle 3 contains :

(A) copper (II) sulphate (B) hydrochloric acid (C) lead nitrate (D) sodium carbonate

NV Sir VKP Sir
2.7 Which of the following statements is correct for salts contained in bottle 1 and 4?
(A) Bottle 4 gives white precipitate with excess of KI solution.
(B) Bottle 4 gives white precipitate with excess of K4 [Fe (CN)6] solution.
(C) Bottle 1 and 4 both gives precipitate with excess of NaOH solution.
(D) Bottle 1 gives white precipitate with concentrated HCl solution.
2.8 Which one of the following bottles develops intensive deep blue colour with aqueous ammonia ?
(A) Bottle 1 (B) Bottle 2 (C) Bottle 3 (D) Bottle 4
2.9 Which of the following bottle will give white precipitate with bottle 1?
(A) Bottle 2 (B) Bottle 3 (C) Bottle 4 (D) All of these
Comprehension # 3
Fe3+ ions in an aqueous solution gives deep red colouration with both sodium acetate (in excess) and
ammonium thiocyanate (slightly acidic).
The deep red colouration obtained with ammonium thiocyanate gets decolourised on addition of a solution
containing F– ions.
2.10 The deep red colouration is due to the formation of :

(A) Fe(CH3COO)2 (B) Fe(OH)2CH3COO
(C) [Fe3(OH)2CH3COO)6]+ (D) [Fe3(CH3COO)6]
2.11 Which one of the following statements is false with respect to deep red colouration produced with NH4SCN?
(A) The deep red colour is bleached by Hg(II) ions.
(B) The deep red colouration is due to the formation of a non-dissociated iron(III) thiocyanate complex.
(C) The deep red coloured compound can be extracted by ether or amyl alcohol.
(D) None.
2.12 Select the correct statement with respect to the compound formed as a result of the bleaching of deep red
colouration of Fe(SCN)3 by a solution containing F– ions.
(A) The net crystal field stabilisation energy is zero. (B) Central ion has sp3d2 hybridisation.
(C) The compound is highly paramagnetic in nature. (D) All of these
2.13 Excess of sodium acetate is added in the reaction with Fe3+ ions because :
(A) it acts as a buffer to control pH of the reaction other wise reaction is made reversible.
(B) it makes the solution strong alkaline which destroys acidic effect if any.
(C) it makes the solution acidic which destroys alkaline effect if any.
(D) None
2.14 What happens when deep red coloured solution of [Fe3(OH)2(CH3COO)6]+ is diluted with water and then
boiled?
(A) A deep red solution of ferric acetate is obtained.
(B) A reddish-brown precipitate of basic ferric acetate is obtained.
(C) A deep red precipitate of ferric hydroxide is obtained.
(D) A yellow colour precipitate of a complex [Fe(CH3COO)6]3– is obtained.
3. ASSERTION / REASONING
Assertion and Reasoning :
DIRECTIONS :
Each question has 5 choices (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E) out of which ONLY ONE is correct.
(A) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(B) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is True; Statement-2 is NOT a correct explanation for Statement-1.
(C) Statement-1 is True, Statement-2 is False.
(D) Statement-1 is False, Statement-2 is True.
(E) Statement-1 and Statement-2 both are False.

NV Sir VKP Sir
3.1 Statement-1 : Only nitrite is decomposed when treated with urea acidified with sulphamic acid in cold, in a
mixture of nitrite and nitrate.
Statement-2 : NO2– interferes in the brown ring test of NO3–.
3.2 Statement-1 : In a mixture containing Br– and – , violet colour (of2) appears first in chloroform layer, when
chlorine gas is passed through the mixture dissolved in water.
Statement-2 : The order of the strength of reducing properties is as follows – >Br– > Cl– > F–.
3.3 Statement-1 : Orthophosphate gives yellow precipitate with silver nitrate solution.
Statement-2 : Metaphosphate gives white precipitate with silver nitrate.
3.4 Statement-1 : PbCl2 and AgCl precipitates can be separated by ammonia solution.
Statement-2 : PbCl2 precipitate is soluble in hot water and concentrated potassium chloride solution.
3.5 Statement-1 : Hg2Cl2 is blackened by NH3 due to the formation of iodide of Millon's base.
Statement-2 : Hg2+ ions give deep-red crystalline precipitate with cobalt(II) thiocyanate.
3.6 Statement-1 : Unexposed silver nitrate of a photographic plate is removed by treatment with hypo solution.
Statement-2 : Na5[Ag(S2O3)3] is a soluble complex.
3.7 Statement-1 : Barium bromide gives same colour precipitate with AgNO3 as well as with K2CrO4.
Statement-2 : Silver bromide is completely soluble in dilute solution of ammonia.
3.8 Statement-1 : Aqueous solution of Pb2+ ions gives white precipitate with sodium carbonate solution.
Statement-2 : A mixture of lead carbonate and lead hydroxide is formed.
3.9 Statement-1 : White precipitates of AgCl and PbCl2 can be separated by concentrated hydrochloric acid.
Statement-2 : White precipitate of AgCl dissolves in concentrated hydrochloric acid.
3.10 Statement-1 : Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions react with KCN solution (in excess) forming the colourless soluble
complexes.
Statement-2 : Of these colourless soluble complexes only cadmium complex gives yellow precipitate with
H2S gas in slightly acidic medium.
3.11 Statement-1 : Aqueous solution containing sodium acetate and ferric chloride, when diluted with water and
boiled gives brownish-red precipitate.
Statement-2 : Basic iron (III) acetate is formed.
3.12 Statement-1 : Baryta water becomes turbid on passing CO2 gas through it but turbidity becomes clear on
passing more CO2 gas.
Statement-2 : Carbonates give yellowish white precipitate with silver nitrate solution. The precipitate becomes
yellow or brown on heating.
3.13 Statement-1 : A solution containing S2– ions gives purple / violet colour with sodium nitroprusside solution
in alkaline medium.
Statement-2 : Sodium sulphide gives black precipitate with silver nitrate solution.
3.14 Statement-1 : Acidified K2Cr2O7 solution becomes green when SO2 gas is passed through it.
Statement-2 : This is an redox reaction.
3.15 Statement-1 : White crystalline precipitate of silver sulphite dissolves, if sulphite ions are added in excess.
Statement-2 : Sulphite ions decolourise the pink colour of acidified KMnO4.
3.16 Statement-1 : Nessler’s reagent gives a brown precipitate with aqueous ammonia as well as with ammonium
salts.
Statement-2 : Aqueous ammonia gives a brown precipitate with a solution of manganese (II) chloride and
hydrogen peroxide.

NV Sir VKP Sir
3.17 Statement-1 : No yellow precipitate is formed when an excess of a more concentrated (6M) solution of KI is
added to a solution containing Pb2+ ions.
Statement-2 : Solution of [PbI4]2– on dilution with water produces yellow precipitate of PbI2.
3.18 Statement-1 : Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions form complexes with excess of potassium cyanide solution.
Statement-2 : On passing H2S gas, complex [Cu(CN)4]2– is not effected but [Cd(CN)4]2– gives yellow
precipitate.
3.19 Statement-1 : A solution of BiCl3 in concentrated HCl when diluted with water gives white precipitate.
Statement-2 : BiCl3 forms insoluble BiO+Cl– when diluted with a large quantity of water.
3.20 Statement-1 : When H2S gas is passed into an aqueous solution of ZnCl2 , Zn2+ ions are completely
precipitated as zinc sulphide
Statement-2 : Zinc sulphide is soluble in solutions of caustic alkali as well as in dilute HCl.
3.21 Statement-1 : An original solution containing excess of Ni2+ ions gives a yellow coloured solution with
potassium cyanide solution.
Statement-2 : A solution of Ni2+ ions gives red precipitate with dimethylglyoxime solution just made alkaline
with ammonia.
4. TRUE / FALSE
4.1 Consider the following statements,

S1 : Hg2Cl2 precipitate undergoes disproportionation with ammonia solution.
S2 : Hg2l2precipitate with excess I– ions undergoes disproportionation.
S3 : bismuth salt solution (chlorides or nitrates) produces a white precipitate when water is added to it in
larger volume.
S4 : white precipitate of Cu(I) iodide produced by the reaction of CuSO4 and KI is intensely brown because
of the formation of tri-iodide ions.
and arrange in the order of true / false.
(A) T F T T (B) T T F F (C) T T T T (D) T F T F

S1 : Fe(OH)3 and Cr(OH)3 precipitates can be separated using NaOH + H2O2 but not by excess of NaOH
alone.
S2 : Ag2CrO4 precipitate is soluble in dilute HNO3 and ammonia solution.
S3 : both HgI2and BiI3precipitates form colourless soluble complexes with excess of potassium iodide solution.
S4 : white precipitate of PbCl2 is turned black by H2S (not taken in excess) in saturated solution of KCl.
(A) T F T T (B) F T F F (C) T T T T (D) T F T F

S1 : zinc hydroxide is soluble in sodium hydroxide but not in ammonia solution.
S2 : Cd(OH)2 is soluble in sodium hydroxide as well as in ammonia solution.
S3 : Cu2+ ions like Fe3+ ions give deep red colouration with SCN– ions.
S4 : Fe2+ ions give red colouration with dimethylglyoxime in ammonical solution.
(A) T F T T (B) F F F T (C) T T T T (D) T F T F

S1 : precipitate of lead thiosulphate is soluble in excess sodium thiosulphate (Na2S2O3).
S2 : moderately concentrated solution of Ba2+ ions gives white precipitate of BaS2O3 with hypo.
S3 : white precipitate of CaSO3 dissolves when excess of SO2 gas is passed through it.
S4 : Hg2+ + S2O32– + H2O  HgS + SO42– + 2H+
(A) T F T T (B) T T F F (C) T T T T (D) T F T F

NV Sir VKP Sir
S1 : yellow precipitate of SrCrO4 is soluble in large quantity of water.
S2 : yellow precipitate of BaCrO4 is insoluble in dilute acetic acid.
S3 : yellow precipitate of PbCrO4 is not soluble in sodium hydroxide.
S4 : white precipitate of Pb(CN)2 is soluble in excess of KCN.
(A) T F T T (B) T T F F (C) F T F T (D) T T T F
4.6 Like CO32–, SO32– also gives test with baryta water, Ba(OH)2 .
4.7 Thiourea test is given by NO2– and not by SO32–
4.8 Ag2SO3 is insoluble in dilute HNO3 .
4.9 Alkaline sodium stannite gives a black precipitate on reaction with a bismuth salt solution.
4.10 Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is absorbed by ferrous sulphate solution forming brown solution.
4.11 Heavy metal chlorides like AgCl, HgCl2. etc. do not respond to chromyl chloride test.
4.12 Bright yellow precipitate of silver iodide is partially soluble in concentrated ammonia solution and fairly
soluble in hypo solution.
4.13 Tri-iodide ions (I3–) produced by the reaction of Cu2+ and KI solution are not reduced by of sodium
thiosulphate solution.
4.14 Lead sulphate is soluble in ammonium acetate solution (6M) but barium sulphate is insoluble in dilute HCl.
4.15 HgS dissolves in both sodium sulphide solution and aquaregia.
4.16 Black precipitate of Cu(SCN)2 immediately turns into white precipitate when it reacts with saturated solution
of SO2 in water.
4.17 The group reagent for  group basic radicals is NaOH.
4.18 In a solution containing Fe3+ and Mg2+ ions, selective precipitation of Fe(OH)3 is done by aqueous ammonia
in presence of NH4Cl.
4.19 Green colour of alkaline tetrahydroxidochromate(III) becomes yellow on adding H2O2.
4.20 Ca2+ ions give yellow precipitate in presence of ammonia with potassium ferrocyanide solution.
4.21 Mg2+ ions in solution gives gelatinous white precipitate of magnesium hydroxide with ammonia solution
and the precipitate is readily soluble in solutions of ammonium salts.
5. FILL IN THE BLANKS

5.1 Carbonate gives _________ precipitate (white /yellow/brown) with silver nitrate solution which is soluble in
_______ .
5.2 Soluble bicarbonates give white precipitate with MgCl2 in ________ . (cold/hot)
5.3 Solution of ________ (nitrite / sulphate / bromide) is decomposed by heating with solid urea.
5.4 Ring test is responded by ___________ as well as __________ radicals.
5.5 Bromine develops __________ (brown/blue/red) colouration upon filter paper impregnated with fluorescein.

NV Sir VKP Sir
5.6 Potassium nitrite solution liberates __________ gas with acidified solution of potassium iodide.
5.7 Sodium bromide gives bromine gas with _________ and hydrogen bromide with _________ .
5.8 I– ions (not in excess) give _________ (red/yellow/green) precipitate with Hg2+ ions.
5.9 The formula of the deep red vapours formed on warming the solid potassium dichromate with KCl in concentrated
H2SO4 is ________.
5.10 SO42– ions form ______________ precipitate (white / yellow / brown) with Hg(NO3)2 solution.
5.11 Ag+ ions gives ___________ precipitate (red / brown / yellow / brownish-red) with Na3AsO4.
5.12 Potassium cyanide is used for separating __________ and _________ ions.
5.13 If the ions of group are precipitated by NH4Cl and NH4OH without prior oxidation by concentrated HNO3
_________ is not completely precipitated.
5.14 The soluble Prussian blue has chemical composition ___________ .
5.15 Solution of a salt in concentrated HCl is blue, but turns pink on dilution. It indicates the presence of _______
radical.
5.16 Manganese ion (Mn2+) gives _____________ coloured borax bead in oxidising flame in cold.
5.17 Ammonium thiocyanate is used in detection of ______________ and ______________ .
5.18 A salt “X” gives crimson red colour in Bunsen flame and also gives brown fumes on reaction with dil. H2SO4.
The salt “X” is _____.
IIT-JEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)

* Marked Questions are having more than one correct option.
1. A white substance (A) reacts with dilute H2SO4 to produce a colourless gas (B) and a colourless solution (C).
The reaction between (B) and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution produces a green solution and slightly coloured
precipitate (D). The substance (D) burns in air to produce a gas (E) which reacts with (B) to yield (D) and a
colourless liquid. Anhydrous copper sulphate is turned blue on addition of this colourless liquid. Addition of
aqueous NH3 or NaOH to (C) produces first a precipitate, which dissolves in the excess of the respective
reagent to produce a clear solution in each case. Identify (A), (B), (C), (D) and (E). Write the equations of
reactions involved. [JEE 2001, 10/100]
2. An aqueous solution of a substance gives a white precipitate on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid,
which dissolves on heating. When hydrogen sulphide is passed through the hot acidic solution, a black
precipitate is obtained. The substance is a : [JEE 2002, 3/90]
(A) Hg22+ salt (B) Cu2+ salt (C) Ag+ salt (D) Pb2+ salt
3. When a crystalline compound (X) is heated with K2Cr2O7 and concentrated H2SO4, a deep red gas (A) is
evolved. On passing (A) into caustic soda solution, a yellow coloured solution of (B) is obtained. Neutralizing
the solution of (B) with acetic acid and on subsequent addition of lead acetate a yellow precipitate (C) is
obtained. When (X) is heated with NaOH solution, a colourless gas is evolved and on passing this gas into
K2Hg4 solution, a reddish brown precipitate (D) is formed. Identify (A), (B), (C), (D) and (X). Write the
equations of reactions involved. [JEE 2002, 5/60]
NV Sir VKP Sir
4. [X] + H2SO4  [Y] a colourless gas with irritating smell; [Y] + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4  green solution.
[X] and [Y] are respectively : [JEE 2003, 3/84]
(A) SO32–, SO2 (B) Cl–, HCl (C) S2–, H2S (D) CO32–, CO2
5. A mixture consists (A) (red solid) and (B) (colourless solid) which gives lilac colour in flame.
(a) Mixture gives black precipitate (C) on passing H2S (g).
(b) (C) is soluble in aquaregia and on evaporation of aquaregia and adding SnCl2 gives greyish black
precipitate (D).
The salt solution with NH4OH gives a brown precipitate.
(i) The sodium extract of the salt with CCl4/FeCl3 gives a violet layer.
(ii) The sodium extract gives yellow precipitate with AgNO3 solution which is insoluble in dilute ammonia
solution.
Identify (A) and (B), and the precipitates (C) and (D). [JEE 2003, 4/60]
6. A sodium salt on treatment with MgCl2 gives white precipitate only on heating. The anion of the sodium salt
is : [JEE - 2004, 3/84]
(A) HCO3– (B) CO32– (C) NO3– (D) SO42–
7. A metal nitrate reacts with KI to give a black precipitate which on addition of excess of KI is converted into
orange colour solution. The cation of the metal nitrate is : [JEE - 2005, 3/84]
(A) Hg2+ (B) Bi 3+ (C) Pb 2+ (D) Cu+
8. A white precipitate is obtained when a solution is diluted with H2O and boiled. On addition of excess NH4Cl/
NH4OH, the volume of precipitate decreases leaving behind a white gelatinous precipitate. Identify the
precipitate which dissolves in ammonia solution or NH4Cl. [JEE 2006, 3/184]
(A) Al(OH)3 (B) Zn(OH)2 (C) Mg(OH)2 (D) Ca(OH)2
9. In blue solution of copper sulphate excess of KCN is added then solution becomes colourless due to the
formation of : [JEE 2006, 3/184]
(A) [Cu(CN)4] 2– (B) Cu get reduced to form [Cu(CN)4]3–
2+
(C) Cu(CN)2 (D) CuCN
10. MgSO4 + NH4OH + Na2HPO4  white crystalline precipitate. The formula of crystalline precipitate is :
[JEE 2006, 3/184]
(A) MgCl2. MgSO4 (B) MgSO4 (C) Mg(NH4)PO4 (D) Mg(PO4)2
11. A solution of a metal ion when treated with K gives a red precipitate which dissolves in excess K to give a
colourless solution. Moreover, the solution of metal ion on treatment with a solution of cobalt(II) thiocyanate
gives rise to a deep blue crystalline precipitate. The metal ion is : [JEE - 2007, 3/162]
(A) Pb2+ (B) Hg2+ (C) Cu2+ (D) Co2+
12. A solution of colourless salt H on boiling with excess NaOH produces a nonflammable gas. The gas evolution
ceases after some time. Upon addition of Zn dust to the same solution, the gas evolution restarts. The
colourless salt(s) H is (are) : [JEE - 2008, 4/163]
(A) NH4NO3 (B) NH4NO2 (C) NH4Cl (D) (NH4)2SO4

NV Sir VKP Sir
Paragraph for Question Nos. 13 to 15
p-Amino-N, N-dimethylaniline is added to a strongly acidic solution of X. The resulting solution is treated with
a few drops of aqueous solution of Y to yield blue coloration due to the formation of methylene blue. Treatment
of the aqueous solution of Y with the reagent potassium hexacyanoferrate(II) leads to the formation of an
intense blue precipitate. The precipitate dissolves on excess addition of the reagent. Similarly, treatment of
the solution of Y with the solution of potassium hexacyanoferrate(III) leads to a brown coloration due to the
formation of Z.
13. The compound X is : [JEE 2009, 4/160]

(A) NaNO3 (B) NaCl (C) Na2SO4 (D) Na2S
14. The compound Y is : [JEE 2009, 4/160]

(A) MgCl2 (B) FeCl2 (C) FeCl3 (D) ZnCl2
15. The compound Z is : [JEE 2009, 4/160]

(A) Mg2[Fe(CN)6] (B) Fe[Fe(CN)6] (C) ) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (D) ) K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2
Paragraph for Question Nos. 16 to 18

When a metal rod M is dipped into an aqueous colourless concentrated solution of compound N, the
solution turns light blue. Addition of aqueous NaCl to the blue solution gives a white precipitate O. Addition
of aqueous NH3 dissolves O and gives an intense blue solution.
16. The metal rod M is [JEE 2011, 3/80]

(A) Fe (B) Cu (C) Ni (D) Co
17. The compound N is [JEE 2011, 3/80]

(A) AgNO3 (B) Zn(NO3)2 (C) Al(NO3)2 (D) Pb(NO3)2
18. The final solution contains [JEE 2011, 3/80]

(A) [Pb(NH3)4]2+ and [CoCl4]2– (B) [Al(NH3)4]3+ and [Cu(NH3)4]2+
(C) [Ag(NH3)2]+ and [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (D) [Ag(NH3)2]+ and [Ni(NH3)6]2+
19. Passing H2S gas into a mixture of Mn2+, Ni2+, Cu2+ and Hg2+ ions in an acidified aqueous solution precipi-
tates : [JEE 2011, 3/80]
(A) CuS and HgS (B) MnS and CuS (C) MnS and NiS (D) NiS and HgS
20. Which fo the following hydrogen halides react(s) with AgNO3 (aq) to give a precipitate that dissolves in
Na2S2O3 (aq) ? [JEE 2012, 4/136]
(A) HCl (B) HF (C) HBr (D) HI
21. For the given aqueous reactions, which of the statement(s) is (are) true ? [JEE 2012, 4/136]
dilute H2SO 4
excess KI + K3[Fe(CN)6]     brownish -yellow solution
ZnSO4
White precipitate + brownish-yellow filtrate
Na2S2O3
colourless solution
(A) The first reaction is a redox reaction.
(B) White precipitate is Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2
(C) Addition of filtrate to starch solution gives blue colour.
(D) White precipitate is soluble in NaOH solution
NV Sir VKP Sir
PART - II : AIEEE PROBLEMS (PREVIOUS YEARS)
1. How do we differentiate between Fe3+ and Cr3+ in group IIIrd ? [AIEEE 2002]
(1) By adding excess of NH4OH solution. (2) By increasing NH4+ ion concentration.
(3) By decreasing OH– ion concentration. (4) Both (2) and (3).
2. Which one of the following statement is correct ? [AIEEE 2003]

(1) From a mixed precipitate of AgCl and AgI, ammonia solution dissolves only AgCl.
(2) Ferric ions gave a deep green precipitate on adding potassium ferrocyanide solution.
(3) On boiling a solution having K+, Ca2+ and HCO3– ions we get a precipitate of K2Ca(CO3)2.
(4) Manganese salts give a violet borax bead test in the reducing flame .
3. A red solid is insoluble in water. However it becomes soluble if some K is added to water. Heating the red
solid in a test tube results in liberation of some violet coloured fumes and droplets of a metal appear on the
cooler parts of the test tube. The red solid is : [AIEEE 2003]
(1) (NH4)2 Cr2O7 (2) Hg2 (3) HgO (4) Pb3O4.

NV Sir VKP Sir
EXERCISE # 1
1.1 (B) 1.2 (A) 1.3 (B) 1.4* (A,B,C) 1.5 (D) 1.6 (C) 1.7* (A,D)
1.8 (D) 1.9 (C) 1.10 (A) 1.11 (B) 1.12* (B,C) 2.1 (A) 2.2 (B)
2.3 (B) 2.4 (D) 2.5 (B) 2.6 (A) 2.7 (D) 2.8 (C) 2.9 (D)
2.10 (A) 2.11 (C) 2.12 (A) 2.13 (B) 2.14 (C) 2.15* (A,B) 3.1 (A)
3.2 (D) 4.1 (B) 4.2 (D) 4.3 (D) 5.1 (C) 5.2 (B) 5 . 3 *
(A,B,C,D)
5.4 (B) 5.5 (C) 5.6* (A,B,D) 5.7 (C) 6.1 (C) 6.2 (C) 6.3 (D)
6.4 (B) 6.5 (D) 6.6 (D) 6.7 (A) 6.8 (A) 6.9 (C) 6.10 (C)
6.11 (A) 6.12* (A,C,D) 6.13 (C) 6.14* (A,B,C,D) 7.1 (D) 7.2 (C)
7.3 (B) 7.4 (B) 7.5 (B) 7.6 (C) 7.7 (C) 7.8 (D) 7.9 (D)
8.1 (B) 8.2 (C) 8.3 (A) 8.4 (D) 8.5 (D) 8.6 (B) 8 . 7 *
(A,B,C,D)
8.8* (A,B,C) 9.1 (D) 9.2 (C) 9.3 (C) 9.4 (B) 9.5 (A) 9.6 (D)
9.7* (B,C) 9.8 (B)
EXERCISE # 2
PART-I (Objective Type Questions)

1. (D) 2. (B) 3. (C) 4. (C) 5. (A) 6. (A) 7. (A)
8. (C) 9. (C) 10. (D) 11. (A) 12. (A) 13. (A) 14. (A)
15. (D) 16. (A) 17. (B) 18. (C) 19. (D) 20. (A) 21. (B)
22. (C) 23. (B) 24. (D) 25. (D) 26. (C) 27. (A) 28. (C)
29. (A) 30. (B) 31. (A) 32. (A) 33. (D) 34. (C) 35. (A)
36. (D) 37. (D) 38. (C) 39. (A) 40. (A) 41. (A) 42. (D)
43. (A) 44. (C) 45. (C) 46. (C) 47. (A,B) 48. (A,B,C,D)
49. (A,B,C,D) 50. (A,B,C,D) 51. (A,C,D) 52. (A,C)
53. (A,C,D) 54. (A,B) 55. (A,B,C) 56. (C,D) 57. (A,D) 58. (A,D) 59. (B,D)
60. (A,C) 61. (B,D) 62. (A,B,C) 63. (A,D) 64. (B,C,D)
PART-II (Subjective Questions)

1. White precipitate of CaCO3 is formed.
Ca(HCO3)2 + 2 NH3  (NH4)2CO3 + CaCO3 
2. SO32– + Ba2+  BaSO3 (white) ; CO32– + Ba2+  BaCO3 (white) ; SO42– + Ba2+  BaSO4 (white)
3. Colour of bromine water is discharged according to the following reaction.
BaSO3 + Br2 + H2O  BaSO4  (white) + 2HBr
4. NO2– + CH3COOH  HNO2 + CH3COO–
3 HNO2  H2O + HNO3 + 2 NO
NO  + Fe2+ + SO42–  [FeNO]SO4 (Nitroso ferrous sulphate)
5. SO32– + 3 Zn + 8 H+  H2S + 3 Zn2+ + 3 H2O
6. CH3COO(OH)2 Fe (basic ferric acetate)
CH3COO¯ + FeCl3  (CH3COO)3 Fe + 3Cl¯ (blood red coloration)
boiled CH COO(OH) Fe (reddish brown) + 2CH COOH
(CH3COO)3 Fe + 2H2O   3 2  3
8. In ammonia solution, potassium cyanide solution and sodium thiosulphate solution forming
[Ag(NH3)2]Cl, K[Ag(CN)2] and Na3[Ag(S2O3)2] soluble complexes respectively.

NV Sir VKP Sir
9. Not in dilute HCl but dissolves in all other reagents.
PbSO4  + H2SO4  Pb2+ + 2 HSO4– ; PbSO4  + 4 CH3COO–  [Pb(CH3COO)4]2– + SO42–
PbSO4  + 2 C4H4O62–  [Pb(C4H4O6)2]2– + SO42–
PbSO4  + 4 OH–  [Pb(OH)4]2– + SO42–
10. SO42– + 3 Hg2+ + 2 H2O  HgSO4. 2 HgO  + 4 H+

Yellow precipitate is owing to the formation of basic Hg(II) sulphate.
11. OHg2NH2I
12. A yellow precipitate of ammonium cobaltinitrite is formed.
3 NH4+ + Na3[Co(NO2)6]  (NH4)3 [Co(NO2)6] (yellow) + 3 Na+
13. Hg2Cl2 + 2 NH4OH  HgNH Cl  ( white)  Hg  (black ) + NH4Cl + 2 H2O

2
black
Disproportionation reaction.
14. Hg22+ + 2OH–  Hg2O  (black) + H2O

Hg2O   HgO  + Hg  (grey) ; Disproportionation reaction.
15. Strong acids (nitric acid) and sodium hydroxide.
16. Pb2+ + H2S (atmospheric)  PbS (black) + 2H+.
17. PbCl2 is soluble in hot water and it also dissolves in concentrated HCl and KCl solutions forming soluble
complex. ; PbCl2 + 2HCl  H2PbCl4 (soluble complex).
18. Yes , forming a soluble complex.
HgS + S2–  [HgS2]2–
19. It turns yellowish–white owing to the formation of BiO.OH .
Bi(OH)3  BiO.OH  + H2O
20. With Na2S, along with 2nd group cations, some cations of higher groups i.e., IIIrd and IVth groups may be
precipitated because the higher concentration of S2– ions is obtained according to following reaction.
Na2S 2 Na+ + S2–
To precipitate II group cation lower concentration of S2– ions is required (because of low Ksp of IInd group
nd
sulphides) and this can be obtained easily by H2S in presence of dilute HCl.
H2S 2 H+ + S2– ; HCl H+ + Cl–
Due to common ion effect the ionisation of H2S is suppressed and the concentration of S2– ions obtained is
just sufficient to precipitate the cations of IInd group.
21. Yes. By the reaction of ammonia according to the following reactions.
Cu2+ + 4NH3  [Cu(NH3)4]2+ (deep blue solution).
Cd2+ + 4NH3  [Cd(NH3)4]2+ (colourless solution).
22. Bi3+ ; Bi3+ + 3OH–  Bi(OH)3  ; 2Bi(OH)3  + 3[Sn(OH)4]2–  2Bi  (black) + 3[Sn(OH)6]2–.
23. Salt hydrolyses to Cr(OH)3  .
2 Cr3+ + 3 S2– + 6 H2O  2 Cr(OH)3  + H2S
24. Only Fe(II) salts give soluble red iron(II) dimethylglyoxime in ammonical solution.
25. (i) White precipitate, K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] and (ii) Pale blue precipitate.
26. Mn2+ + 2 NH3 + 2 H2O Mn(OH)2  (white) + NH4+ .

In presence of ammonium salts, the reaction proceeds in backward direction.
27. Reddish–violet colouration is obtained owing to the formation of MnO4–.
2 Mn2+ + 5 S2O82– + 8 H2O  MnO4– + 10 SO42– + 16 H+
AgNO3 acts as catalyst.

NV Sir VKP Sir
28. Zn2+ + 2 NH3 + 2 H2O Zn(OH)2 + 2 NH4+
It is due to the lowering of OH– ion concentration because of common ion effect of NH4+ to such a value that
the Ksp of Zn(OH)2 is not attained.
29. Mg2+ ions will also be precipitated.

30. Sr2+ + NH4+ + SO42–  SrSO4  (white) + NH4+
Ca2+ + 2 NH4+ + 2 SO42–  (NH4)2[Ca(SO4)2] (soluble complex).
31. White precipitate is obtained.

Ca2+ + 2K+ + [Fe(CN)6]4–  K2Ca[Fe(CN)6] 
32. 2NO2– + H2SO4  SO42– + 2HNO2

3HNO2  HNO3 + 2NO + O2
2NO + O  2NO2  (Reddish brown)
2K + 2NO2  2KNO2 + 2
Starch (LVkpZ
) + 2  blue
33. Hg2Cl2 + 2NH3  Hg  (black )  Hg(NH2 )Cl  ( white ) + NH4+ + Cl–.
  
Black
34. Bi3+ gives BiO+ ion and Sb3+ gives SbO+ ion. Bi3+ + Cl– + H2O  BiO.Cl  + 2H+.
35. Fe3+ and –, Cu2+ and – , Sn2+ and Fe3+ .

2Cu2+ + 4–  Cu22 + 2
2Fe3+ + Sn2+  2Fe2+ + Sn4+
2Fe3+ + 3–  2Fe2+ + 3 –
36. 3Zn2+ + 2K+ + 2[Fe(CN)6]4–  K2 Zn3 [Fe (CN)6]2 

37. (i) Mg2++ NH3 + HPO42–  Mg(NH4) PO4  (white)
(ii) Zn2+ + 2NH4 OH  Zn(OH)2  (white) + 2NH4+
Zn(OH)2 + 4NH4OH  [Zn(NH3)4] (OH)2 + 4H2O
(iii) Bi3+ + 3–  Bi3  (black).

Bi3  + H2O  BiO  (orange) + 2H+ + 2–.
(iv) Na2HPO4 + 12 (NH4)2 MoO4 +23 HNO3  (NH4)3 PMo12 O40  + 2NaNO3 + 21NH4NO3 + 12H2O
(canary yellow)
38. (i) 2Cu(BO2)2 (blue) + C  2CuBO2 (colourless) )+ B2O3 + CO
2Cu(BO2)2 + 2C  2Cu (red and opaque) + 2B2O3 + 2CO
(ii) AgBr + 2NH3  [Ag(NH3)2] Br
fused
(iii) 2Cr(OH)3 + 2Na2CO3 + 3KNO3   2Na2CrO4+ 3KNO2 + 2CO2 + 3H2O
(iv) 2Cu(NO3)2  2 CuO + 4NO2+ O2
(v) CaSO3 + SO2 + H2O  Ca(HSO3)2
39. (i) Na2S + CdCO3  CdS  (yellow) + Na2CO3

Ether
(ii) CoCl2 + 4NH4 SCN   (NH4)2 [Co(SCN)4] (blue colour in etherial solution) + 2NH4Cl
40. A - FeS, CuS, PbS, HgS, CoS, NiS B - H2S C - HNO3
D-S E - CuSO4 F - CuS
G - [Cu(NH3)4](NO3)2 H - Cu2Fe(CN)6
41. A - FeSO4.7H2O ; B - BaSO4  ; C - SO2 ; D - SO3

E - Fe2O3 ; F - FeCl3 ; G - Fe(SCN)3

NV Sir VKP Sir
42. (A) Pb(NO3)2 (B) PbCl2 
(C) PbS  (D) Pbl2  or PbCrO4  or PbSO4 
43. (A) ZnS ; (B) H2S ; (C) ZnSO4 ; (D) S ; (E) SO2
44. The given unknown mixture contains NH4+, Fe2+ and Cl– ions or NH4Cl and FeCl2
45. A = CdS, B = CdSO4 , C = [Cd(NH3)4] (OH)2 , D = K2[Cd(CN)4], E = BaSO4.
46. A = FeCl3 , B = Fe(SCN)3 , C = Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 , D = CrO2Cl2 , E = PbCrO4 .
47. A = CuCO3 , B = CuO, C = CO2 , D = Cu, E = Cu2[Fe(CN)6], F = Ca(HCO3)2
48. (A) = CoCl2 , (B) = CoS , (C) = K4[Co(CN)6] , (D) = K3 [Co(CN)6], (E) = Na3 [Co(CO3)3 ]
49. A red colouration is obtained. (yky j a
x i zkIr gksrkgS
A)
50. This gives black cobalt oxide, Co3O4 , upon ignition and this mask the colour of thernad blue (CoAl2O4).
51. (a) Violet (or blackish–purple) precipitate consisting of Zn[Hg(SCN)4] and Cu[Hg(SCN)4] is formed.
(b) Zn2+ + [Hg(SCN)4]2–  Zn [Hg(SCN)4]  (white).
EXERCISE # 3
1.1 (A - s), (B - r), (C - p), (D - q,t).
1.2 (A - p,s ; B - q ; C - r ; D - p)
1.3 (A - p,r,t ; B - q,r,s ; C - p,q,r ; D - p,q,r,s)
1.4 (A - p, q, r, s) ; (B - p, q , r, s) ; (C - p, q , r, s) ; (D - p, q, r, s)
2.1 (A) 2.2 (A) 2.3 (D) 2.4 (C) 2.5 (A) 2.6 (D) 2.7 (A)
2.8 (D) 2.9 (D) 2.10 (C) 2.11 (D) 2.12 (D) 2.13 (A) 2.14 (B)
3.1 (B) 3.2 (A) 3.3 (B) 3.4 (B) 3.5 (E) 3.6 (D) 3.7 (C)
3.8 (A) 3.9 (D) 3.10 (B) 3.11 (A) 3.12 (B) 3.13 (B) 3.14 (B)
3.15 (B) 3.16 (B) 3.17 (B) 3.18 (B) 3.19 (A) 3.20 (E) 3.21 (B)
4.1 (C) 4.2 (B) 4.3 (B) 4.4 (C) 4.5 (B) 4.6 T 4.7 T
4.8 F 4.9 T 4.10 F 4.11 T 4.12 T 4.13 F 4.14 T
4.15 T 4.16 T 4.17 F 4.18 T 4.19 T 4.20 F 4.21 T
5.1 White ; Nitric acid or ammonia. 5.2 Hot 5.3 Nitrite 5.4 NO2– , NO3– .
5.5 Red 5.6 Iodine 5.7 Concentrated H2SO4 , H3PO4 .
5.8 Red 5.9 CrO2 Cl2 5.10 Yellow 5.11 Brownish–red
5.12 Cu2+ and Cd2+ ions 5.13 Fe2+ (ferrous ion) 5.14 KFe[Fe(CN)6].
5.15 Cobalt (Co2+). 5.16 Amethyst red 5.17 Co2+ and Fe3+ or Hg2+ ions.
5.18 Strontium nitrate
EXERCISE # 4
PART-I
1. Since the white substance 'A' gives a colourless gas ‘B’ with dil. H2SO4 ,such gas may be H2S gas which
further produces a green solution and slightly coloured precipitate ‘D’ i.e. sulphur with acidified K2Cr2O7
solution. So substance ‘A’ may contain anion S2–. Since solution ‘C’ produces first a precipitate, which
dissolves in the excess of the NH3 or NaOH the metal cation may be Zn2+.
ZnS (A) + H2SO4  ZnSO4 (C) + H2S (B)
K2Cr2O7 + 4H2SO4 + 3H2S  K2SO4 + Cr2 (SO4)3 + 3S  (D) (yellow) + 7H2O
S + O2  SO2 (E).
SO2 + 2H2S  2H2O + 3S
CuSO4 + 5H2O  CuSO4. 5H2O (blue)
ZnSO4 + 2NaOH  Zn (OH)2  (white) + Na2SO4
Zn(OH)2 + 2NaOH  Na2ZnO2 + 2H2O
NV Sir VKP Sir
ZnSO4 + NH4OH  Zn(OH)2  (white) + (NH4)2 SO4
ZnSO4 +(NH4)2 SO4 + 2 NH4OH  [Zn(NH3)4] SO4 + 4H2O
NH4Cl + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4  (NH4)2SO4 + K2SO4 + CrO2 Cl2 + H2O
So, A = ZnS, B = H2S, C = ZnSO4 , D = S, E = SO2
2. (D)
3. 4Cl– + Cr2O72– + 6H+  2CrO2Cl2  (A)(deep red) + 3H2O
CrO2Cl2 + 4OH–  CrO42– (B)(yellow solution) + 2Cl– + 2H2O
CrO42– + Pb2+  PbCrO4  (C)(yellow)
NH4Cl + NaOH  NaCl + NH3 + H2O
NH3 + K2Hg4 + H2O  (D) + 4K + 3H
So, X = NH4Cl, A = CrO2Cl2 , B = Na2CrO4 , C = PbCrO4 ,
4. (A)
5. (A) + (B)  lilac colour in flame. So one of the cation may be K+ .
H2 S ( g )
(a) (A) + (B)   (C) black precipitate.
so lub le Evaporatio n SnCl2
(b) (C)    soluble     Residue   Greyish black precipitate (D).
in aqua regia
NH4 OH
(A) + (B)   brown precipitate. So second cation may be Hg2+.
CCl 4 / FeCl3
(i) Sodium carbonate extract of salt    violet colour..
AgNO 3 NH3
(ii) Sodium extract of salt   yellow precipitate   soluble.
So the anion may be I– .
(a) HgI2 + H2S  HgS (C)  (black) + 2HI.

(b) 3HgS + 6HCl + 2HNO3  3HgCl2 + 2NO + 4H2O + S.
HgCl2 + SnCl2  Hg  (D) (greyish black) + SnCl4.
2KI (B) + HgI2 (A)  K2[HgI4] (orange).
2K2[HgI4] + NH3 + 3KOH  [HgOHg(NH2)I]  ( brown).
Sodium carbonate extract of salt contains NaI.
CCl4
2NaI + 2Fe3+   I2  (violet)+ 2Na+ + 2Fe2+.
I2 dissolves in CCl4 giving violet colour solution.
AgNO3 + NaI  AgI  (yellow) + NaNO3.
AgI is insoluble in ammonia solution.
So, (A), (B), (C) and (D) are HgI2, KI, HgS and Hg respectively.
6. (A) 7. (B) 8. (B) 9. (B) 10. (C) 11. (B) 12. (B)
13. (D) 14. (C) 15. (B) 16. (B) 17. (A) 18. (C) 19. (A)
20. (A,C,D) 21. (A), (C) & (D)
PART-II
1. (D) 2. (A) 3. (B)

NV Sir VKP Sir

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QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS

Name : ____________________________ Contact No. __________________

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

Ex pe rim e nt Obse rva tions Infe re nce

Shows the absence of

Dry Heating Test :

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

(a) Colourless and odourless gas

(b) Colourless gas with odour

(c) Coloured gases – Pungent smell

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

Charcoal Cavity Test :

(b) CuSO4 + Na2CO3  CuCO3 + Na2SO4

Cobalt Nitrate Test :

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

Colour of Flame Inference

Borax Bead test :

On Heating borax forms a colourless glassy bead of NaBO2 and B2O3 .

For example, in oxidising flame copper salts give blue bead.

Colour in oxidising flame Colour in reducing flame

 Non luminous flame is called oxidising flame.

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

* Marked Questions are having more than one correct option.

1.4* The carbonate of which of the following cation is soluble in water ?

1.12* Which of the following statements is/are incorrect ?

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

2.4 AgCl dissolves in ammonia solution giving :

2.8 AgCl react with NH3 & forms a complex :

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

Basic radical (cations)

4.2 Ammonia/ammonium ion gives yellow precipitate with :

5.3* White precipitate of silver chloride is soluble in :

5.5 Consider the following observation :

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

6.11 A black sulphide is formed by the action of H2S on :

6.14* Which of the following is/are not correctly matched ?

Physical & Inorganic By A-479 Indra vihar, kota Organic Chemistry By

7.1 When NH4Cl is added to a solution of NH4OH :

7.5 Turnbull’s blue is a .................... .

7.6 Fe(OH)3 and Cr(OH)3 precipitates can be completely separated by :

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8.7* White precipitate of Zn(OH)2 dissolves in :

9. Vth and VIth Group

9.5 A brick red colour is imparted to Bunsen flame by a :

9.6 The presence of magnesium is confirmed in the qualitative analysis by :

9.8 Mg is not precipitated in V group because :

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Single Correct Answer Type

2. In third group, bromine water is used to test :

3. In IV group analysis NH4OH is added before passing H2S gas because :

4. An aq. solution containing Hg 2

5. Disodium hydrogen phoshate is used to test :

11. Which gives blood red colour with ammonium thiocyanate ?

15. How do we differentiate between Fe3+ and Cr3+ in group III ?

Gives brown (Mg3N2 + H2O)

17. (KCl + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4) Heat Red Gas

The formula and colour of X are respectively :

The gas ‘G’ will show which of the following property ?

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21. White precipitate of AgCl turns to greyish or black when :

25. A compound (X) reacts in the following ways.

The compound (X) is likely to be

Name : __________ Contact No.

5.4 Ring test is responded by _ as well as radicals.

5.17 Ammonium thiocyanate is used in detection of and .