TYPES OF JOINTS FOR ROUNDWOOD

NOTCHES IN THE WOOD

The links are slots types of connections frequently adopted for beam-
column system in Brazil, and is a fitting concave at the top of the column
and sometimes with the addition of fixed vertical bar of galvanized steel or
wooden dowel to prevent separation of parts, figure 1 to figure 3.

Figure 3: Connection with the notch at the top of the piece completed.

THREADED RODS, WASHERS AND NUTS

Connections using threaded steel rods attached with washers and nuts on
the extremities have been widely used in structural connections between
elements in roundwood in Brazil, figure 4.
Figure 1: Connection with the notch at the top of the piece: Preparation of the
notch with drill (Handicraft system).

Figure 4: Connection with threaded steel rods attached with washers

and nuts.
Figure 2: Connection with the notch at the top of the piece: Making the notch
with a chisel.
 DOWEL NUT
This type of connection is a system with threaded steel bar, metal pin. In
a transverse hole passing through the axis of the beam near the column
connects the metal pin that has a female threaded hole compatible with the
thread diameter of the steel bar to fix it, figure 5 and figure 6.
CONNECTIONS WITH EXTERNAL METAL PLATES
BOLTED
The connections roundwood structural elements of wood, metal plates
carried out with external may also be referred to as metal splints. The
connection is performed via a threaded steel rods that traverse across the
plates and pieces of roundwood. With the tightening of nuts on the ends of
the steel bars, crash the system by compressing the wood pieces. Usually
this type of connection is common to modify the slicing wood plump two
external faces so as to become flat and continuous joining to adequately
close to the faces of the plate. The figure 8 illustrates a rigid connection
apparently because they have four screws in each part with external
connecting sheet metal parts, forming the ridge of the roof of a gantry
system shed.

Figure 5: Connection dowel nut.

Figure 7: Connections with external metal plates bolted: System of connection

Beam-Column.

Figure 6: Connection dowel nut: System of connection beam-column.

Figure 8: Connections with external metal plates bolted: System of

connection Beam-Beam.
 CONNECTIONS WITH INTERNAL METAL PLATES BOLTED
These types of connections consist of metal plates with systems which are
imputed into the cleft longitudinal axis of the pieces of roundwood, usually
at the ends of these parts and the thickness of metal sheet. The connection
also runs through threaded steel bars, crossing across the plates and pieces
of roundwood. With tightening of the nuts on the ends of the steel bars, the
lock system compressing the inner faces of the wood with the faces of metal
sheet. The figure 9 and figure 10 illustrates details of the connection runs
the project coverage LaMEM tower, making a call from the corner of a
cover system and the metal tube that supports this system is connected to
the column and attached by threaded steel bars, washers and nuts.
CONNECTIONS WITH FOILS EXTERNAL METALLIC
GALVANIZED PERFORATED AND NAILED
The connectors of galvanized perforated sheet metal and nailed (figure 11
e 12) are efficient components for construction of rural sheds, using
roundwood with different diameters, designed to make connections
between the parts in a simple manner, and provide short- run time in
assembling the structure. These connectors are typically manufactured by
specialized companies. The GANG-NAIL Brazil is an online provider of
connectors, and unique pieces made of special steel hot dip galvanized
with 1.95 mm thick, welded or seamless, ensuring technical links between
the pieces, figure 12.

Figure 11: Connections Beam-column with foils external metallic galvanized

perforated and mailed

Figure 9: Models of the connections with internal metal plates bolted.

Figure 12: Connections GANG-NAIL BRAZIL with foils external metallic galvanized
perforated and mailed.

Figure 10: Connections with internal metal plates bolted: Systems Beam-Column
connection.
 CONNECTIONS WITH METAL RINGS, STEEL BARS,
WASHERS AND NUTS
A type of connection to composite parts with higher load capacity is that
which employs the metal rings (figure
13) that are inserted into grooves previously executed parts. The
transmission of efforts between parts tends to cause the shear hard wood
internal to the ring and compression between the wood and the ring, CALIL
et al (2003) [6].
The metal rings with steel bars, washers and locking nuts to allow
unification of composite beams, suitable for large spans and high loads. HELLMEISTER
Given this context, a important research in this area was performed at the (1978) cited in CALIL & BRITO
Laboratory of Wood and Wood Structures (LaMEM), using rings cut from (2010) [3] presented a system for beam composite bridge structures, the
water pipes, galvanized, with diameters ranging from 2 "to 8". Closed rings beams using two unified by double circulars cross section metal rings, as
were studied, parties and split, figure 13. details of connections in Figure 16.

Figure 16: System two double circular beam.

Figure 13: (a)

Ring Party; (b) Ring double Party; (c) Closed ring. MATTHIESEN
(1987).

HELLMEISTER (1978) cited in CALIL & BRITO
(2010) [3] presented a system in which the “Bridge Pensil Tiete, in São
Paulo, Brasil” tray longitudinal beams are designed with two circular
sections, connected with metal rings and steel bars threaded and secured
with washers and nuts on the ends, figure 14.
Figure 17: Connections with metal bars and rings (arranged in horizontal position),
combining the structural elements of cylindrical logs of wood, forming the deck of
the bridge structure in single card.