International Energy Services Ltd.

Project Title:

DUPORT ENERGY PARK PROJECT

Document Title

Fire & Gas Philosophy

Document Number: DMCL-IES-DEP-FGS-PHI-00001

Sequential Doc.
Company Originator Discipline Document Type Code
Number

DMCL IES FGS PHI 00001

A 25-NOV-19 Issued for Review O. Avbodoke K. Ekwuluo L. Barango

Rev Rev. Date Description Prepared By Checked By Approved By

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DMCL-IES-DEP-FGS-PHI-00001 Rev. A

Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 2 of 26

REVISION MODIFICATION LOG

Revision Section Description

 PORT Enerrgy Park Prroject
DUP

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TABL
LE OF CO
ONTENTS
S

1  INTRODUCTION ......................................................................................................5 
1.1  General ...................
. ......................................................................................................... 5
1.2  Purpose ........................................................................................................................... 5
1.3  e .......................................................................................................................... 5
Objective
1.4  Abbrevia
ations .................................................................................................................. 5
1.5  Referenc
ce Document ..................................................................................................... 7
1.6  Design Codes
C and Standards
S ....................................................................................... 7
1.7  Facility Block
B Flow..................
. ....................................................................................... 9
2  SITE AN
ND ENVIRO
ONMENTA
AL CONDIT
TIONS ....................................................10
0 
2.1  Air Temp
peratures .......................................................................................................... 10
2.2  Relative Humidity
H .......................................................................................................... 10
2.3  Rainfall ............................................................................................................................ 10
2.4  Lightning
g ....................................................................................................................... 10
2.5  Wind Spe
eed and Direction .......................................................................................... 10
3  FIRE & GAS
G DETE
ECTION PH
HILOSOPHY ..........................................................11 
3.1  General ...................
. ....................................................................................................... 11
3.2  Facilities
s Layout ............................................................................................................ 11
4  DESIGN REQUIRE
EMENTS FOR
F F&G SYSTEM
S ................................................14
4 
4.1  Flammab
ble Gas Dettection – Hydrocarbo
H on gas ........................................................ 14
4.2  Fire Zone
es ...................................................................................................................... 16
4.3  Flammab
ble Gas Dettection – Hydrogen
H (H
H2) ............................................................. 17
4.4  Fire Dete
ection ................................................................................................................ 17
4.5  Manual Alarm
A Call P
Point .............................................................................................. 19
4.6  Audible and
a Visual Alarms.......................................................................................... 20
4.7  Turbine F & G Detection Requ
uirements ..................................................................... 20
5  F & G LO
OGIC .........................................................................................................22
2 
5.1  Public Ad
ddress/ Ge
eneral Alarm
m System ..................
. ................................................. 25

LIS
ST OF TA
ABLES
ment ................................................................................................... 7
Table 1: Referenced Docum
Table 2: Codes & Standardss ....................................................................................................... 8
Table 3: Zone Crriteria ................................................................................................................ 15
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 4 of 26

Table 4: Alarm settings for flammable gas detector ................................................................ 16 

Table 5: F & G Logic for Fire Detection ................................................................................... 23 
Table 6: F & G Logic for Gas detection ................................................................................... 25 
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1 IINTRODUCTION

1.1 General
Duport Midstream
M Company Limited (D
DMCL) inte
ends to ca
arry out a Front-End
Engineering Design (FEED) forr the propo
osed Energyy Park at Egbokor
E in Edo State.
The purpo
ose of this design is to
t ensure th
hat the projject require
ements for a complete
engineerin
ng design package
p are
e well define
ed and prop
perly outline
ed for the execution
e off
the integration of the
e componen
nts of the En
nergy Park.

1.2 Purpose
e
The purpo
ose of this document is to explain
n in detail th
he measure
es to be adhered to in
fire and gas detection
n within Ene
ergy park fa
acility.

1.3 Objectiv
ve

The overa
all objective
e of this doccument is to
o ensure a safe and re
eliable plan
nt based on
proven design practice and te
echnology and
a with risks from potential firre hazards
detection.. The main function off the Fire & Gas detec
ction system
m is to ensu
ure that an
acceptablle level of ssafety is acchieved in order to prrotect perso
onnel, insta
allation and
ent against fire and explosion hazzards.
environme

1.4 Abbrevia
ations
Abbreviation Me
eaning

AFF Aq
queous Film
m Forming Foam
F

AG Ab
bove Ground
d

ALARP Ass Low As Re

easonably Practicable
P

API Am
merican Pettroleum Insttitute

ASME Am
merican Socciety of Mecchanical Engineers

bbl Ba
arrels

BG Be
elow Ground
d

BLEVE Bo
oiling Liquid Expanding
g Vapour Ex
xplosion

CO2 Ca
arbon dioxid
de
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 6 of 26

Abbreviation Meaning

dB Decibels

DCP Dry Chemical Powder

ESD Emergency Shutdown

EPIC Engineering, Procurement, Installation, Commission

F&G Fire & Gas

FAP Fire Alarm Panel

FEED Front-End Engineering Design

FPZ Fireproofing Zone

FSE Fire Scenario Envelope

GPM Gallons per Minute

H2 Hydrogen

HSSD High Sensitivity Smoke Detector

HVAC Heating, Ventilation and Air-Conditioning

IR Infra Red

KOD Knockout Drum

LFL Lower Flammability Limit

LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas

MAC Manual Alarm Call Point

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

PA/GA Public Address / General Announcements

UV Ultra Violet
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1.5 Referenc
ce Docum
ment

Doc. No. Docum

ment Title

DMC
CL-IES-DEP
P- ocess Desig
Pro gn Basis
PRO
O-BOD-000
001

Equipment Lisst

Plo
ot Plan

Table 1:
1 Reference
ed Documen
nt

1.6 Design Codes

C and
d Standard
ds
The design, procurrement, fab
brication, construction
c , inspectio
on and tessting of all
facilities, materials and instrume
ents shall be in accordance to thiss specificatiion and the
following internationa
al standardss:

Doc. No.
N Document Title
API RP
R 505 Recommende
ed Practice for Classiffication of Locations
L
for Electrical Installation
n at the petroleum
p Facilities
Cla
assified as C ne 0, Zone 1, and Zone
Class I, Zon e2

API RP
R 521 Gu
uide for Pre
essure-relie
eving and Depressuriing
Systems

API RP
R 752 Ma
anagement of Hazardss Associate
ed with Loccation of
Pro
ocess Plantt Permanen
nt Buildings

API 2218 Fire

eproofing Practices in
i Petroleu
um and
Petrochemical Processing Plants

API 2510 De
esign & Con
nstruction off LPG installlations

API 2510A Fire

e-Protection
n Considerations forr the Desiign and
peration of Liquefied Petroleum
Op P G (LPG) Storage
Gas
Facilities

GAP 2.5.2
2 Oil and Chemical Plant Layout and Spacing
S
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 8 of 26

IP 19 Energy Institute (previously The Institute of

Petroleum) Model Code of Safe Practice in the
petroleum industry; Part 19: Fire Precautions at
Refineries and Bulk Storage Installations

NFPA 30 Flammable and Combustible Liquids Code

NFPA 72 National Fire Alarm Code

Guide to Fire Hazard Properties of Flammable

NFPA-325 Liquids, Gases, and Volatile Solids

Table 2: Codes & Standards

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Fire & Gas Philosophy

y P
Page 9 of 26
6

1.7 Facility
y Block Flo
ow
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2 S
SITE AND
D ENVIRON
NMENTAL
L CONDITIONS

2.1 Air Temp

peratures
 Me
ean minimum
m ambient temperature
t e: 23oC
 Min
n / Maximum
m temperatu
ure : 8oC / 310c
18

2.2 Relative Humidity

y
 Me
ean : 69
9%
 Min
n / Max : 59
9% /100 %

2.3 Rainfall
e expected in wet seasson, which normally runs from the
Heavy rainfall can be e months off
April throu
ugh Octobe
er
 Ave
erage Annu
ual Rain fall : 20
025 mm
 Ma
aximum Dailly Rain fall : 33
38 mm
 Me
ean Maximum Hourly Rain
R fall : 9 mm

2.4 Lightnin
ng
Lightning is very fre
equent espe ng the rainy season and
ecially durin a shall b
be speciallyy
considere
ed in the dessign of all re
elevant equ
uipment.

2.5 Wind Sp
peed and Direction
D
Design Wind
W Speed: 35
5.6 m/s

A wind sp
peed of 11 m/s
m shall be
e used for fla
are radiatio
on design on
nly.
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3 F
FIRE & GA
AS DETEC
CTION PHIILOSOPHY
Y

3.1 General
T
The purpos
se of providing the Fire
e & Gas De
etection Sysstem is to provide earlyy & reliable
d
detection off fire and hyydrocarbon gas release
es and an early
e ng of potential fire and//
warnin
o ble gas release to pe
or flammab ersonnel so
o as to en
nable autom
matic and/ or manual
iinitiation of appropriate
e actions (e
e.g. activatio
on of active fire protecttion system
ms, initiation
o
of shutdown
ns etc.) to avoid/
a minim
mize the pottential for es
scalation.

C
Confirmed fire and flammable gas
g hazard
ds shall be
e indicated by a miniimum of 2
d
detectors out
o of a qua
antity of N detectors
d w
where N is 3 or more. Fault alarm
ms that are
p
part of 2ooN
N, where N=3, voting logic should
d be treated
d by the voting logic ass gas or fire
cconditions; this means that in a 2oo3 voting group, one detecttor in fault conditions
rrequires 1oo2 of the re etectors for control actio
emaining de on.

A
As the Heat detectors are highly reliable,
r acttivation of single
s detecctor shall be
e treated as
cconfirmed fire.
f In case
e of any exxecutive acttions based
d on F&G detection,
d v
voting logicc
sshall be co
onsidered. For alarm / indication a single detector may
m be sufficient. All
o d mounted detectors (fflammable gas
outdoor field g and fire
e detectors)) shall be Zo
one 1 rated
iirrespective
e of the actual
a elecctrical haza
ardous are
ea classificcation. The
e minimum
a
acceptable degree off protection
n against moisture or
o dust ing
gress for EXTERNAL
E
m evices shall be to IP65 in accordance with IEC 60529.
mounted de

D
Detection devices
d mou
unted within
n buildings or
o walk-in enclosures
e shall
s genera
ally complyy
w
with a minimum of IP
P41 protecction. Juncttion boxes shall have
e a minimu
um ingress
p
protection of IP65 eq
quivalent. Fire
F & Gass detection systems shall be designed in
a
accordance
e with NFPA
A 72.

3.2 Facilities
s Layout
T
The layout and orienta uipment will be configu
ation of equ ured to min
nimize the potential
p off
ffire/ explos
sion hazard
d escalation
n & person
nnel injury. The orientation shalll maximize
ssafety and accessibility
a y.

S
Safety featu
ures to be provided
p in layout
l will in
nclude:

 GA
AP guideline
es GAP 2.5
5.2 for safetty distances
s criteria sh
hall be used
d as basis
to develop
d the
e plot plan.
 Sep
paration disstance betw
ween modules and utilities shall be
b maintain
ned to aid
con
ntainment of
o fire hazard
d and avoid
d incident ca
ascade effe
ects.
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 Process units should be centrally located with straight approach from main gate.
 Locate utility services away from hazardous areas so they will not be affected
by a fire or explosion within the plant nor be a source of ignition for any
potential flammable liquid or gas release.
 Buildings should be located upwind or cross wind of the prevailing wind
direction of any plant capable of venting fumes to the atmosphere.
 The plant layout should minimize the risk to personnel, protect the environment
and assets.
 Equipment layout shall keep potential release sources as far from ignition
sources as practical to prevent hydrocarbon ignition and fire escalation.
 Maximum separation, as far as reasonably practicable, between emergency
service system and hydrocarbon facility.
 Provide adequate space for safe access of personnel and equipment for
drilling, construction, operation and maintenance.
 Maintain sufficient means of escape to enable safe evacuation from all parts of
plant.
 The effect of prevailing winds is to be considered on escaping hydrocarbons or
gases from the vents, wells or other equipment.
 Minimization of hydrocarbon inventories
 Minimizing leak sources and paths
 Minimizing the risk of ignition
 Separation of plant and equipment areas
 Safe dispersal of gas leaks
 Containment of explosions within electrical enclosures
 Containment of liquid leaks and spills
 Accessibility for fire fighting and maintenance
 Provision of adequate escape routes
 Adequate fixed and passive protection systems
 Limiting confinement and congestion in process areas

These principles are aimed at limiting the effects of a hazardous incident (hydrocarbon
gas/liquid release or fire) to the area of occurrence.

Large vessels should be located well away from the rest of the plant. The layout shall
also meet requirements for vehicle and personnel traffic, security, emergency
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 13 of 26

evacuation, fire fighting and access for maintenance and operation. Traffic barriers
shall be provided around critical equipment, where located close to roadways.

Fire & Gas Zone number shall be provided for all the areas of the facility in order to
identify the particular location of fire & gas detection.
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4 D
DESIGN REQUIREM
R MENTS FO
OR F&G SY
YSTEM
A dedicated
d Fire and Gas system
m shall be provided fo
or the ANO
OH Gas devvelopment
p
project facillities followiing a Gas Detection
D M
Mapping study during DED
D stage. The F&G
S
System sh
hall interfacce with the emergen
ncy shutdo
own system
m (ESD) for
f safety
p
purposes. The
T F&G an
nd ESD Sys
stem cabine
ets shall be located in the
t control room.
r

F
Following ty
ypes of gas detectors will
w be proviided:
 Fla
ammable Ga
as Detectorr
 H2 Gas Detecctor (Batteryy room)

4.1 Flammable Gas Detection

D – Hydroca
arbon gas

G
Generally IR hydrocarrbon detecttors shall be
b used in the process facility an
nd on the
u
utility area where
w ect any hydrocarbon gas. In addittion, open
applicable in orrder to dete
p
path gas de
etectors sha
all be provid
ded in the perimeter
p off utility batte
ery limit are
ea in order
tto detect the
e flammable
e gas cloud
d migrating ffrom the Prrocess area.

D
Detectors shall
s be designed fo
or continuo
ous detectio mmable gas without
on of Flam
d
damage. Detectors
D sh xture most likely to be present
hall be calibrated to the gas mix
w
where the detector
d is lo
ocated.

T
The following areas have
h he potentiall of accumulation of
been identified to have th
g / air mixxtures as a minimum:
fflammable gas

 Storrage Tank Area

A
 Bulkk Liquid Sep
paration
 Sale
es Gas Com
mpression and
a Export
 Load
ding Area
 Flassh Gas Com
mpression
 Con
ndensate Storage and Export
E
 Gas
s Processing
g Area
 Mod
dular Refine
ery Area
 Pig Launcher/R
Receiver
 Prod
duced Wate
er Degassin
ng, Storage and Dispossal
 Fuel gas packa
age
 Flare KOD area
a
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A minimum three (3) detectors will be provided at each of the following:

 HVAC air intakes of process buildings including Field Auxiliary Building,
Control Room, Fire Building, Telecom building etc.,
 Air intakes of air compressors and Generators

For detectors requirements in gas turbine, refer 4.7 of this document.

Flammable gas detectors are provided to identify accumulation of gas clouds and
prevent dangerous explosion clouds.

Based on good engineering practice, for flammable gas the appropriate cloud size for
the detection and performance requirement for each zone shall be based on the below
mentioned table.

ZONE CHARACTERISTIC SPACING REQUIREMENT

(ft)

Enclosed area, Congested area, 16

Congested area with one side
open

Open area, Below pipe rack area 33

Table 3: Zone Criteria

Plant area shall be categorized during EPC phase based on detailed equipment
layout and suitably hydrocarbon detector spacing requirement shall be finalized.

The alarm settings for flammable gas detectors are as follows:

TYPE ALARM LEVEL 1 ALARM LEVEL 2

Flammable gas 10% LFL 50% LFL

point sensor
inside Turbine /
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Compre
essor hood
/ compa
artment
Flamma
able gas 10% LF
FL 50% LF
FL
point se
ensor
processs plant and
HVAC & air
compres
ssor inlet

Table 4: Alarm se
ettings for fllammable ga
as detector

F
For evapora
ating liquid releases likke un-stabillized conde
ensate, poin
nt type detector siting
e
elevation sh
hall take account of the
e resulting vapour
v plum
me density and
a air flow
w patterns;
iif the vapour is heavier-than-air then detecctors may be
b located at low elevvations of
m
minimum 0..6 to 1.0m from
f grade level (for ou
utdoors).

F
For lighter than
t air gass, point type detectorss shall be lo
ocated 0.3m
m above the
e potential
ssource of le
eakage.

IIn case of confirmed

c ga
as detection
n in flare KO
OD area, it shall initiate
e plant shutt down.

4.2 Fire Zon

nes

T all be divided into logical, physicallly located fire

The process plant sha f zones, w
which can
b
be process
s isolated. Each
E zone must be easily
e identtifiable with respect to
o physical
a
and/or proccess bounda
aries.

 Fire
e zone mea
ans the ma
aximum are
ea to preve
ent escalatio
on of fire caused
c by
one
e fire scena
ario on the ground
g level.
 Wh
here the se
eparation distance bettween proc ment is less than or
cess equipm
equ
ual to 15 m,, it is consid
dered that th ment are in the same Fire
hese equipm F Zone.
 Wh
here the sep
paration disstance between proces
ss equipmen
nt is more th
han 15 m,
an be considered that this equipm
it ca ment are in the
t separate Fire zone
es.
 Considering th
he maximum
m fire waterr demand fo
or a Fire zone, Fire zon
ne can be
divided into Sub-Fire
S zo e firewater demand,
ones, only for estimatting precise
deluge valve ssizing and drain
d sizing.
Developme hall be limitted to fire & gas detection and fire water
ent of sub fire zones sh
system des
sign.
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4.3 Flammable Gas Detection

D – Hydroge
en (H2)
Poison ressistant catalytic bead tyype H2 gas detectors will
w be provided in the b
battery
room.
The flamm
mable hydrog
gen gas dettectors will have alarm
m signal settings at:
 10%
% LEL (Alarm
m Level 1)
 20%
% LEL (Alarm
m Level 2)

T b installed at the ceiling level.

These detectors shall be

4.4 Fire Dete

ection
W
Within the AGPC
A wing types of fire detec
facilitty, the follow b provided:
ctors shall be
1. Flam
me Detectorr
2. Aspirated smokke (HSSD)
3. Smo
oke Detecto
or
4. Hea
at (RC / ROR
R type)

4.4.1 Flame De etectors

Multi specttrum Triple IR (IR3) typ
pe flame de
etectors will be provided
d to cover open
o
process arrea.
Flame dete
ectors shall be located to encomp
pass the ma a within their cone of
aximum area
vision.
The locatio
on and spaccing of dete
ectors shall be the resu
ult of an eng
gineering evvaluation
that include
es the follow
wing as perr sect.5.8.3..2.1 of NFPA 72. . Eacch area to be
e
protected by
b flame de
etector shalll be covered
d by at leas
st two flame detectors to
t enable
initiating co
onfirmed fire
e detection signal.
In applications where the fire to be
b detected
d could occu
ur in an area
a not on the
e optical
he distance shall be reduced or de
axis of the detector, th etectors sha
all be added
d to
compensate for the an
ngular displlacement off the fire in accordance
e with the
manufacturer’s docum
mented instrructions as per sect.5.8
8.3.2.3 of NFPA
N 72.
Within AGP b provided at the following locatio
PC facility, flame detecctors shall be ons as
listed below
w:
 Storrage Tank Area
A
 Bulkk Liquid Sep
paration
 Sale
es Gas Com
mpression and
a Export
 Load
ding Area
 Flassh Gas Com
mpression
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 Con
ndensate Storage and Export
E
 Gas
s Processing
g Area
 Mod
dular Refine
ery Area
 Pig Launcher/R
Receiver
 Prod
duced Wate
er Degassin
ng, Storage and Dispossal
 Fuel gas packa
age
 Flare KOD area
a
 Dies
sel storage area

4.4.2 Smoke Detector

D
F
Following ty oke detectors shall be provided wiithin the buiildings.
ypes of smo

 Optiical type sm
moke detectors
 Aspirated type smoke dete
ectors
 Optiical type sm
moke detectors will be installed witthin:
 Adm
ministration building
 Field
d Auxiliary Building
B
 Officce areas
 Con
ntrol room
 Sub-station
 Tele
ecom Buildin
ng
Smoke dettector coverrage shall be n NFPA 72 standard.
b based on
Duct moun moke detecttors will be installed wiithin the HV
nted type sm VAC air intakes
Addressab
ble type smo
oke detecto
or shall be u
used inside the building
gs and conn
nected to a
dedicated Fire alarm Panel
P (FAP
P).
For control room, field
d auxiliary buildings
b and Telecom building, sm
moke detectors shall
be conside
ered for falsse floor/ceiling voids.

4.4.3 Heat Dete

ector
Following types
t of hea
at detectorss will be pro
ovided in the
e facilities.
Rate of rise
e (or) Rate compensatted (RC) typ
pe heat dete
ector
Rate of rise
e (or) Rate Compensa
ated type he
eat detectors, as applic
cable, will be
e provided
for the follo
owing:
 Tran
nsformers
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 Pantry rooms
 Warre house / Workshop
W
 Che
emical Stora
age room

H
Heat detecttor set pointt should be 68°C. In arreas of high
h ambient te
emperature,, it is to
b
be set at 30
0°C above the
t anticipa
ated ambien
nt temperatu
ure or neare
est standarrd fixed
ssetting abov
ve 30°C.

IIn open, naturally ventilated are

eas point heat
h d be sited with a
detecttors should
d m spacing of 5 m
density in the order off one detecctor per 10 m² and at a maximum
a
apart. In enclosed,
e mechanically ventilate
m ed modules eat detectors are
s point he
iinstalled at a density of
o at least one
o per 25 um spacing of 7m
5 m², and at a maximu
a
apart.

H
Heat detecttors shall no
ot be applie
ed in areas where
w ceilin
ng heights are
a above 8m.
8

A
Addressable type heatt detector shall be use
ed inside the
e buildings and conneccted to
d Fire alarm Panel (FAP
a dedicated P).

4.5 Manual Alarm

A Calll Point
M nts (MAC) shall be strattegically loc
Manual alarrm call poin cated throug
ghout the fa
acilities
n
near critica
al equipmen
nt (includin
ng pig trap
p area), alo
ong the es
scape route
es and
a
adjacent to exits from enclosed
e arreas.

A
Addressable type MAC
C shall be used inside buildings.
b

M
MAC shall be
b located
ng roads in the plant area at intervvals not excceeding 100
1. Alon 0m, prefera
ably located
near to lamp po
ost
2. Outs
side controll room(s)
3. Exitss of building
gs
4. Entrry and exit points
p of a pump
p house
e
5. Insid
de process areas, the maximum distance
d to any
a MAC sh
hall not excceed 30m.

M
Manual alarrm call poin
nt station sh
hall be fixed at an acce
essible heigh
ht, between
n 1.0 to
1
1.5 meters.
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Firre & Gas Ph

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ge 20 of 26

4.6 Audible and Visua

al Alarms

The audiblle and visua

al alarm sha
all be transm
mitted to PA
A/GA Syste
em and PA/GA system
shall autom
matically acctivate the visual
v and acoustic
a alarms which are
a distingu
uishable forr
Fire and Flammable g
gas detectio
on.

en shall be capable of a sound ou

The three tone audible alarm/sire utput not lesss than 115
dBA or mo One) meter from source
ore at a disttance of 1(O e and shall be audible in all parts
of the plant and distinguishable from audible
e alarms used for other purposes.

The three tones shalll also disting

guish alarm
m for

 Firre detection
n
 Fla
ammable gas detection
n
 Ge
eneral Alarm
m

There sha ocal visual alarm beacon lights capable of continuouss operation
all be two lo
without adv
verse effectt and shall be
b colored

 Fire
e detection – Red
 Fla
ammable ga
as detection
n – Yellow (o
or Amber)

o clearly discernible against artificial lighting

The selectted colours will be also g (for those
installed in ngs) or sunlight (for the
nside buildin e alarms insstalled outdo
oor).

A manual operation should

s be required to silence the he alarm shall not be
e alarm. Th
automatica
ally silenced
d or cancelled.

4.7 Turbine F & G Dettection Re

equiremen
nts

 Fla
ammable Ga n at ventilation air intakke (combustion and en
as detection nclosed
cha oted flammable gas (2ooN)
amber). Vo ( sha bine but maintain
all trip turb
enc
closure purg
ge fans.
 Fla
ammable Ga
as detection
n at ventilation outlet (2
2ooN).
 Fla
ammable Ga
as detection
n inside the e to detect internal leakages.
e enclosure
Votted flammable gas (2o
ooN) shall trrip turbine but
b maintain
n enclosure
e purge
fans.
 Fla
ame detectio
on in enclo
osure. Due to ambient temperature limitation
n of IR
V detectors should be applied. Vo
type flame detectors, UV oted flame (2ooN)
(
sha
all trip turbiine, trip en
nclosure fan
n, close da d activate the fire
ampers and
pro
otection systtem.
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 21 of 26

 Heat detectors in enclosure (rate compensated type). Single heat detector

shall have the same executive actions as confirmed flame detection. Refer
manufacturer’s details for F&G logic for turbines.
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 22 of 26

5 F & G LOGIC

The F&G logic shall consider following actions upon detection.

AREA DETECTION ACTION

FIRE DETECTION

Process Area Fire 1ooN flame  Audible and visual alarm on

zone Control room and Fire station
detector in the fire
zone  Activate audible and visual
alarm in the affected fire zone

2ooN flame Audible and visual alarm on

detectors in the
Control room and Fire station
same group
(within a fire  Activate audible and visual
zone) activation
alarm in the affected area
 Total process shutdown
 Depressurization of process
unit of the affected area
(except for fires in flare KOD
area)
 Activate the fire protection
system. where applicable
 Initiate the firewater pump
start

Buildings 1ooN smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

detector Control room and Fire station
 Activate audible and visual
alarm in the affected fire zone

2-out-of-N smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

detectors Control room and Fire station

 Activate audible and visual
alarm in the affected fire zone
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 23 of 26

 Minimize spread of smoke

and supply of oxygen to the
fire by closure of automatic
fire doors, where applicable
 Activate the fire protection
system, where applicable

Close Fire dampers and tripping of

ventilation fans

Battery room / 1ooN heat  Audible and visual alarm on

Transformers/ detector Control room and Fire station

Pantry rooms / Ware  Activate audible and visual

house alarm in the affected fire zone

 Close fire dampers for attery
room (in case of battery room
only)

HVAC air intake 1ooN Smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

detector at HVAC Control

air intake room and Fire station

2ooN Smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

detector at HVAC Control room and Fire station

air intake  Close HVAC air intake

dampers
 Trip HVAC unit to affected
building

Manual Alarm Call 1ooN Manual  Audible and visual alarm on

point alarm call point Control room and Fire station

 Activate audible and visual
alarm in the affected fire zone

Table 5: F & G Logic for Fire Detection

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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 24 of 26

AREA DETECTION ACTION

GAS DETECTION

Process Area Fire 1ooN gas  Audible and visual alarm on

zone Control room and Fire station
detector in the fire
zone  Activate audible and visual
alarm in the affected area
 Tripping of electrical supplies
to electrical apparatus /
equipment that are not
hazardous area certified or
deemed non – emergency
equipment and are located
within the affected area
 Total process shutdown
 Depressurization of process
product of the affected area
 Activate fire protection
system (Deluge system)
where applicable
 Shutdown of rotating
equipment in the affected
area
 Shutdown and heat
exchangers and heaters
within the affected area

2ooN flame
detectors in the
same group
(within a fire
zone) activation

HVAC Air Intake 1ooN smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

detector Control room and Fire station

2-out-of-N smoke  Audible and visual alarm on

Control room and Fire station
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Firre & Gas Ph

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detectors  Close
e HVAC Airr intake
damp
pers and alll fire dampe
ers
 Trip HVAC unit to affected
building
 For confirmed
c gas detection
at HV ake of CCR,
VAC air inta
initiate plant tota
al shutdown
n

Battery room – 1ooN heat  Audib

ble and visu
ual alarm on
n

Hydroge
en Detection
n detector nd Fire station
Conttrol room an
 Startt exhaust fa
an
 Activvate audible
e and visual
alarm
m in the affe
ected fire zo
one
 Initiate battery charging
c

Table 6: F & G Logic fo

or Gas detec
ction

Note:

Automaticc depressurrizing shall be

b carried out
o only for the affected
d fire zone of
o the plantt
and the depressurizi
d ng of the re
emaining zo
ones will be
e decided by
b the opera
ator. Inhibitt
is provide
ed to preven
nt initiation of depresssurization off more than
n one fire zone
z at anyy
point of time. i.e. Ba
ased on co
onfirmed F&
&G in Fire zone A, automatic sh
hutdown off
entire pla w down of that particular fire zo
ant and auttomatic blow one (Fire Zo
one A) will
happen. The
T Logic solver shall be
b designed
d in such a way that when there iss automaticc
blow dow
wn in Fire Zone
Z A, all other
o fire zones
z autom
matic blow down will be
b inhibited
and only permissive
p shall be pro
ovided.

5.1 Public Address/

A G
General Alarm Syste
em

The Publicc address and

a Genera
al alarm sysstem is to alert
a person
nnel in the field
f during
normal and
d also emerrgency situa
ation by trig
ggering alarm
m and verbal announccement.

The Publicc Address and

a Plant Alarm
A System consists of loudspeakers which
h must
h the plant area, in order to ena
be strategically located through able person
nnel to
listen to vo
ocal messag ms from any point of th
ges or alarm he plant, the system shall be
audible at all plant points.
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Fire & Gas Philosophy Page 26 of 26

The system shall allow the application of an evacuation signal to one or more
zones and, at the same time and, shall allow voice paging to the other zones
selectively or in any combination. The alert tone preceding any message shall be
permitted to be a part of the voice message or to be transmitted automatically from
a separate tone generator.

To ensure that audible public mode signals are clearly heard they shall have a
sound level at least 15dB above the average ambient sound level or 5dB above the
maximum sound level having duration of at least 60 seconds, whichever is greater,
measured 1.5m above the floor in the area occupied, using the A-weighted scale
(dBA).

The PA/GA System shall consist of microprocessor - based page/multiparty

systems, distributed across the entire project site. The systems shall provide both
page/party operation and intercom operation utilising Call Points located at
locations throughout the facilities.

The system shall be capable of supervising and monitoring all systems circuits and
devices to monitor fault information and to establish that devices can respond. The
systems shall also conduct periodic self - diagnostics on the various subsystems
and report failures. When a fault is detected an audible alarm shall be sounded and
a visual indication shall be displayed at the local Control Room and Technical
Room Access Panels and on the DCS Operator screens.

PA/GA Zones shall, to the greatest extent possible, be consistent with Fire and Gas
zones.

The PA/GA system shall provide telephone access and shall broadcast voice
messages from the telephone input Major alarm signals to be provided are:

 Fire
 Gas (Hydrocarbon)
 ESD