THE WORD GYMNASTIC IS DERIVED FROM THE

WORD GYMNASIUM , AT ONE AT A TIME IT

INCLUDED ALL ACTIVITIES IN A GYMNASIUM
COMPETITIVE SPORT THAT TESTS AN ATHLETE'S
STRENGTH, RHYTHM, BALANCE, FLEXIBILITY, AND
AGILITY.
THERE ARE THREE MAJOR FORMS OF COMPETITIVE
GYMNASTICS
RHYTHMIC
ARTISTIC
TRAMPOLINE.
RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS IS OPEN ONLY TO
FEMALES.
ARTISTIC AND TRAMPOLINE GYMNASTICS ARE
PART OF MALE AND FEMALE COMPETITIONS
THE EARLIEST RECORDED ACTIVITIES IN
GYMNASTICS WERE SOME EXERCISES, STUNTS AND
TUMBLING RESEMBLING GYMNASTICS.
THE EARLY CIVILIZATION, HANGING, CLIMBING WITH
ROPE, SWINGING, BALANCING ON STONE AND LOG
FLIPPING AND TURNING WERE AMONG OF THEIR
COMMON ACTIVITIES
BRIEF HISTORY OF GYMNASTICS THE EARLY
CIVILIZATION, HANGING, CLIMBING WITH ROPE,
SWINGING, BALANCING ON STONE AND LOG
FLIPPING AND TURNING WERE AMONG OF THEIR
COMMON ACTIVITIES.
 1. KUNG FU OR MEDICAL GYMNASTICS -CHINESE
EXERCISE
2. YOGA-INDIA
3. NAKED ART-GREEKS
4. BALANANG-EGYPTIANS 5. MONSTIG AND
DIMONSTIG -ROMANS
IN ANCIENT GREECE, THREE DISTINCT PROGRAMS
OF GYMNASTIC EXERCISE WERE DEVELOPED
maintenance of good physical condition
for military training part of the
conditioning regimen for athletes
9. JOHANN BASEDOW
HE WAS THE FIRST TO CONDUCT GYMNASTICS AS
PART OF EDUCATION IN SCHOOL CURRICULUM.
•HE WAS THE FIRST MODERN WRITER AND
TEACHER OF ORGANIZED GYMNASTICS FOR WHOM
RECORDS SURVIVE.
JOHANN GUTS MUTH THE GREAT GRANDFATHER
OF GYMNASTICS
HE WROTE MANY INFLUENTIAL BOOKS
INCLUDING CAREFULLY CHOSEN GYMNASTICS
EXERCISES FOR GIRLS IN 1818. HE WROTE
GYMNASTICS FOR YOUTH, THE FIRST BOOK ON
MODERN GYMNASTICS IN 1793.
HE DESCRIBES THE USE OF SLOPING BEAMS,
CLIMBING POLE, LADDERS AND ROPES ALONG WITH
THE BALANCING AND THE SWINGING BEAM.
FRANZ NACHTEGALL
HE FORMED A GYMNASTICS CLUB, OPENED A
PRIVATE GYMNASIUM AND THROUGH HIS SUCCESS
ENCOURAGES THE GOVERNMENT TO
INCORPORATE TRAINING INTO ITS CURRICULUM.
HIS GYMNASTICS PROGRAM IN DENMARK
EMPHASIZED MASS CALISTHENICS, MASS VAULTING
AND DRILLS USING DUMBBELLS AND BALLS.
FOUNDED THE DANISH SYSTEM OF GYMNASTICS,
WHICH WAS CONSIDERED USEFUL FOR MILITARY
TRAINING, AND IN 1804 HE WAS APPOINTED THE
FIRST DIRECTOR OF DENMARK’S INFLUENTIAL
MILITARY GYMNASTIC INSTITUTE.
GERHARD VIETH
PUBLISHED A BOOK OF EXERCISES. HE ALSO
DESCRIBE THE BALANCE BEAM, JUMPING ROPES,
CLIMBING ROPES AND POLES, THE HORSE, THE TABLE
AND THE BUCK. HE WROTE OF VAULTING OVER
HORIZONTAL POLES AT DIFFERENT HEIGHTS.
PER HENRIK LING FATHER OF SWEDISH
GYMNASTICS HE INVENTED THE STALL BARS AND
VAULTING BOX.
18. JOHANN PESTALOW THE FOUNDER OF FREE
EXERCISE AND CALISTHENICS.
ADOLPH SPIESS THE FATHER OF SCHOOL
GYMNASTICS HE TAUGHT GYMNASTICS TO HIS
CLASSES IN SWITZERLAND AND ADDED MARCHING
AND INTRODUCED THE FREE HAND EXERCISES
WITH THE MUSIC.
FRIEDRICH LUDWIG JAHN THE FATHER OF
GYMNASTICS HE WAS A GERMAN EDUCATOR
KNOWN TO HAVE STARTED GYMNASTICS CLUBS
AND GYMNASTICS MOVEMENTS FOR COMPETITIVE
PURPOSE.
HE DESIGNED EXERCISES TO BE PERFORMED ON
STATIONARY PIECES OF EQUIPMENT, AND EVEN
INVENTED MUCH OF THE APPARATUS USED IN HIS
TRAINING.
DR. DUDLEY SARGENT HE WAS THE FIRST
AMERICAN CONTRIBUTOR TO GYMNASTICS
BECAUSE HE WAS INSTRUMENTAL IN INCLUDING
GYMNASTICS IN THE SCHOOL CURRICULUM.
DIRECTOR CANDIDATO BARTOLOME AND
FRANCISCA AQUINO STARTED GYMNASTICS IN
THE PHILIPPINES AT THE UNIVERSITY OF THE
PHILIPPINES.
OBJECTIVES OF GYMNASTICS
1. TO DEVELOP COORDINATION AND VIGOR
2. TO PROVIDE STUDENTS WITH ACTIVITIES THAT
WILL ASSIST TO CORRECT MINOR POSTURAL
DEFECT.
3. TO MAINTAIN NORMAL FUNCTIONING OF THE
ORGANIC SYSTEM OF THE BODY.
4. TO IMPROVE AND MAINTAIN AGILITY AND
SUPPLENESS.
5. TO INCREASE MUSCULAR STRENGTH.
6. TO LEARN EXERCISES THAT WILL BE USEFUL
THROUGHOUT LIFE AS CONDITIONING OR “KEEPING
FIT” EXERCISE.
SYSTEMATIC FORM OF PHYSICAL EXERCISE
1. EDUCATIONAL GYMNASTICS
2. THERAPEUTIC OR REMEDIAL GYMNASTICS
3. COMPETETIVE GYMNASTICS

TYPES OF GYMNASTICS
1. ARTISTIC GYMNASTICS Exercises that was
perform on heavy apparatus.
Examples:
Balance Beam

Horizontal Bars

Parallel Bars

Vaulting
 Side Horse

2. RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS Exercises perform

with the light apparatus.
Examples:
Ribbon

Ball

Hoop

Rope

TERMS IN GYMNASTICS
 ARCH – is a position where the body is
curved like an arc of a circle, with the
hip forward and the head and truck bent
backward.

BASE – a partner who supports the other

performer above him.

TUCK – is position where the head and

the knees are in contact and the trunk is
curved.

MOUNT – are stunts performed by a

performer to go up on an apparatus

. TYPES OF GYMNASTICS
DISMOUNT – is a stunt used by a performer to
get off an apparatus.
 SPOTTER – is a person who person who helps
a performer to go about a skill for the first
time.

SPOTTING – is the act of helping a person to

go about a skill for the first time.
ROUTINE/EXERCISE – planned series of
dance skills, locomotors skills,
gymnastics skills and tumbling skills
performed with or without music.
STATIC POSITION – these are positions held
for 2 or more seconds.
PRONE – lying face down with the body
straight.
SUPINE – lying flat on the back, with the
body straight.
 SCALE – is a support on one leg with the
other leg raised at the back and the body
arch.

STRADDLE – the legs are extended

sideways.

TOP – the partner who is supported by

the base

SPLIT – is a position where the legs are

extended forward and backward in a
straight position.
 PIKE- the upper body is bent forward at
the hips to an angle equal to or less than
90 degrees while the legs remain straight.

TUMBLING SKILLS
FORWARD ROLL
BACKWARD ROLL
CARTWHEEL
HANDSTAND
FRONT WALKOVER
BACK WALKOVER