Research Report

A
PROJECT REPORT
ON
RATIO ANALYSIS
OF
BOANG Technology Private Limited

(Formerly Known as OPPO Mobiles (NR) Pvt. Ltd)
In partial fulfillment of the requirements

For the award of the
Masters of Business Administration (MBA)
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
1
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Inspiration and motivation have always played key role in the success of
any venture. Beginning as well as completion of my project is greatly attributed
to all those who inspired and motivated me, whose wide spread knowledge in the
subject and valuable suggestions made my project work really worthwhile.
This humble endeavor of mine is an amalgamated effort with help from
various sources. The varied nature of the matter in this project dealt with
entailed references from various sources including the books and literature
books that have been provided.
This project has been possible through the direct and indirect co-operation of
various persons to whom I wish to express my appreciation and gratitude.
I would like to give my special thanks to Mr. Vikash Sharma (Finance Manager)
for assigning me such an interesting and worthwhile research project and for
helping me throughout the project with his constant guidance and support. I
would also like to thank Mr. Vinay Sharma (Assistant Finance Manager) and
Miss. Falak Sharma (Finance Officer) for providing me information.
Last but not least I would like to thank all supervisors and employees who
actively helped me in every respect by providing relevant data and information
pertaining to the successful completion of any project.
Thanks
2
PREFACE
When everybody is providing that much what is expected from him/her, the person
delivering the unexpected to its customers succeeds in the long run. In today
marketplace it is no longer enough to satisfy the customers, the manufacturer needs
to delight them as well. The success of modern business lies in passion, timing and
money. To conquer the modern business world one needs to be one step ahead of
customers.
All these might not be of any relevance if not managed properly and that’s what a
management professional is expected to deliver to the industry. By studying the
theoretical cannot serve the purpose of young and learning future managers and
that’s why they are placed in the corporate world to know the imminent view of the
industry that seems to be tough.
Present project “RATIO ANALYSIS” has been done in BOANG

Technology Private Limited (Formerly Known as OPPO Mobiles (NR)
Pvt. Ltd) the known to be the most professionally sound company and
has a good hold in MOBILE PHONES.
3
CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that the project work done on RATIO ANALYSIS submitted to
Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra by Vani in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of degree of Masters in Business Administration
(MBA), is a bonafide work carried out by him under my supervision and guidance.
This work has not been submitted anywhere else for any other degree, the original
work was carried in BOANG Technology Private Limited
Name of Guide
4
STUDENT’S DECLARATION
I VANI STUDENT OF MBA IV SEMESTER, UNIV. ROLL NO HEREBY

DECLARE THAT I HAVE PREPARED THE PROJECT REPORT ENTITLED
“RATIO ANALYSIS” ON THE FINANCIAL POSITION BOANG Technology
Private Limited(Formerly Known as OPPO Mobiles (NR) Pvt. Ltd). THIS IS AN
ORIGINAL PIECE OF WORK.
STUDENT’S SIGNATURE
VANI
5
INDEX
CHAPTERS: PAGE NO.
CHAPTER–1:-
1.1: INTRODUCTION OF RATIO 8 - 24
ANALYSIS:
 INTRODUCTION AND
MEANING OF RATIO
ANALYSIS.
 NATURE OF RATIO
ANALYSIS.
 USE AND SIGNIFICANCE
OF RATIO ANAYSIS.
 INTERPRETATION OF
RATIO ANALYSIS.
 PRECAUTIONS FOR USE
OF RATIO ANALYSIS.
 LIMITATIONS OF
RATIO ANALYSIS.
 CLASSIFICATION OF
RATIO ANALYSIS.
1.1a: ORGANISATION PROFILE 25 – 47

 WELCOME TO BOANG TECHNOLOGY
PVT. LTD.
 HISTORY
 BRANDING
 PRODUCTS
 ACHIEVEMENTS
 VISSION, MISSION,VALUES
 DIRECTORS
 SERVICE CENTERS
 COMPANY’S PHILOSPHY
 CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
 QUALITY POLICY
1.2: NEED FOR STUDY 48
1.3: OBJECTIVES 49
6
CHAPTER-2:-REVIEW LITERATURE 50-54
CHAPTER – 3:- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 55-59

 WHAT IS RESEARCH
 WHY RESEARCH
 RESEARCH DESIGN
 DEVICES USED
 BENEFITS
CHAPTER – 4:- ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIN 60 –73

 LIQUIDITY RATIOS
 ACTIVITY RATIOS
 LONG TERM SOLVENCY RATIOS
 PROFITABILITY RATIOS
CHAPTER – 5:- CONCLUSION 74– 75
CHAPTER -6:- RECOMMENDATIONS 76- 77
BIBLIOGRAPHY 78
ANNEXURE
7
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION OF
RATIO ANALYSIS
8
INTRODUCTION AND MEANING
OF RATIO
There are various methods and techniques used in analyzing financial statements, such
as comparative statement, trend analysis, common size statement; schedule of changes
in working capital, fund flow and cash flow analysis, cost volume profit analysis and
ratio analysis. The ratio analysis is one of the most powerful tools of financial analysis.
It is the process of establishing and interpreting various ratios. It is with the help of
ratios that financial statements can be analyzed more clearly and decision made from
such analysis.
Ratio is a simple arithmetical expression of the relationship of one number to another.

A financial ratio is the relationship between two Accounting figures expressed
mathematically.
Ratio Analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It
is the process of establishment and interpreting various ratios for helping in making
certain decision.
9
NATURE OF RATIO ANALYSIS
Ratio analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It is

the process of establishing and interpreting various ratios for helping in making
certain decisions. However, ratio analysis is not an end in itself. It is only a means of
better understanding of financial strengths and weakness of a firm. Calculation of
mere ratios does not serve any purpose, unless several appropriate ratios are analyzed
and interpreted. There are a number of ratios, which can be calculated from the
information given in the financial statements; but the analyst has to select the
appropriate data and calculate only a few appropriate ratios from the same keeping in
mind the objective of analysis. The following are the four steps involved in the ratio
analysis:
 Selection of relevant data from the financial statements depending upon the
objective of the analysis.
 Calculation of appropriate ratios from the above data.
 Comparison of the calculated ratios with the ratios of the same firm in the
past, or the ratios developed from projected financial statements or the ratios
of some other firms or the comparison with ratios of the industry to which the
firm belongs.
 Interpretation of the ratio.
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USE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF RATIO ANALYSIS
The ratio analysis is one of the most powerful tools of financial analysis. It is used as a
device to analyze and interpret the financial health of enterprise. Just like a doctor
examines his patient by recording his body temperature, Blood pressure etc. before
making his conclusion regarding the illness and before giving his treatment, a financial
analyst analyses the financial statements with various tools of analysis before
commenting upon the financial health or weakness of an enterprise. A ratio is known as
a symptom like Blood Pressure, the pulse rate or the temperature of an individual. It is
with the help of ratios that financial statements can be analyzed more clearly and
decision made from such analysis. Thus the ratio has wide applications and is of
immense use today.
 Utility to Managers : -
1) Helps in decision making: - Financial statements are prepared primarily
for decision making but the information provided in financial statements is
not an end in itself and no meaningful conclusion can be drawn from these
statements alone.
2) Helps in financial forecasting and planning: - Ratio analysis is of much
help in financial forecasting and planning. Planning is looking ahead and
the ratios calculated for a number of years work a guide for the future.
3) Helps in communicating: - The financial strength and weakness of a firm
are communicating in a more easy and understandable manner by the use
of ratios. The information contained in the financial statements is
conveyed in a meaningful manner to the one for whom it is meant.
4) Helps in Co-coordinating: - Ratio even help in co-ordination which is of
utmost importance in effective business management. Better
communication of efficiency and weakness of an enterprise results in
better coordinating in the enterprise.
5) Helps in controls: - Ratio analysis even help in making effective control
of the business. Standard ratios can be based upon the Performa financial
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statements and variances or deviation which helps in effective control of
the business.
 Utility to Creditors: - The creditors or suppliers extend short term credit to
the concern. They are interested to know whether financial position of the
concern warrants their payments at a specified time or not. The concern pays
short term creditors out of its current assets. If the current assets are quite
sufficient to meet current liabilities then the creditor will not hesitate in
extending credit facilities. Current and Acid test ratios will give an idea about
the current financial position of the concern.
 Utility to employees: - The employees are also interested in the financial
position of the concern especially profitability. There wage increases and
amount of fringe benefits are related to the volume of profits earned by the
concern. The employees make use of information available in the financial
statements. Various profitability ratios relating to gross profit, operating profit,
net profit etc. enables employees to put forward their viewpoint for the
increase wages and other benefits.
 Utility to Government: - Government is interested to know the overall
strength of the industry. Various financial statements published by industrial
units are used to calculate ratios for determining the short term, long term and
overall financial position of the concerns. Profitability index can also be
prepared with the help of ratios. Government may base its future policies on
the basis of industrial information available from various units. The ratios may
used as indicators of overall financial strength of public as well as private
sectors. In the absence of reliable economic information, governmental plans
and policies may not prove successful.
 Tax Audit requirements: - Section 44 AB was inserted in the Income Tax
Act by the Finance Act, 1984. Under this section every assesses engaged in
any business and having turnover or gross receipts exceeding Rs.40 Lacs is
required to get the accounts audited by Chartered Accountant and submit the
Tax Audit Report before the due date for filing the return of Income under
section 139(1). In case of professional, a similar report is required if the gross
receipt exceed Rs.10 Lacs. Clause 32 of the Income Tax Act requires that the
following accounting ratios should be given :-
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1.) Gross profit/turnover.
2.) Net profit/Turnover.
3.) Stock in trade/turnover.
4.) Material consumed/Finished goods produced.
Further, it is advisable to compare the accounting ratios for the year under
consideration with the accounting ratios for the earlier two years so that the
auditor can make necessary enquiries, if there is any major variation in the
accounting ratios.
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INTERPRETATION OF RATIO ANALYSIS
The interpretation of ratios is an important factor. Though calculation of ratios is also

important but it is only a clerical task whereas interpretation needs skill, intelligence
and foresightedness. The impact of the factors such as price level changes, change in
accounting policies, window dressing etc. should also be kept in mind when attempting
to interpret ratios.
A single ratio in itself does not convey much of the sense. To make ratio useful they
have to be further interpreted. The interpretation of the ratios can be made in the
following ways:-
 Single absolute ratio: - Generally speaking one cannot draw any meaningful
conclusion when a single ratio is considered in isolation. But single ratio may
be studied in relation to certain rules of thumb which are based upon well
proven conventions as for example 2:1 is considered to be good ratio for
current assets to current liabilities.
 Group of ratios: - Ratio may be interpreted by calculating a group of related
ratios. A single ratio supported by other related additional ratios becomes
more understandable and meaningful. For example, the ratio of current assets
to current liabilities may be supported by the ratio of liquid assets to liquid
liabilities to draw more dependable conclusions.
 Historical comparison: - One of the easiest and most popular ways of
evaluating the performances of the firm is to compare its present ratios with its
past ratios called comparison overtime. When financial ratios are compared
over a period of time, it give an indication of the direction of change and
reflects whether the firm’s performance and financial position has improved,
deteriorated or remained constant over a period of time. But while interpreting
ratios from comparisons over time, one has to be careful about the changes, if
any, the firm’s policies and accounting procedures.
 Projected ratios: - Ratio can also be calculated for future standards based
upon the projected or Performa financial statements. These future ratios may
be taken as standard for comparison and the ratios calculated on actual
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financial statements can be compared with the standard ratios to find out the
variances, if any. Such variances help in interpreting and taking corrective
action for improvement in future.
 Inter-firm comparison: - Ratios of one firm can also be compared with ratios
of some other selected firms in the same industry at the same point of time.
This kind of comparison helps in evaluative relative financial position and
performance of the firm. But while making use of such comparison one has to
be very careful regarding the different accounting methods, policies and
procedures adopted by different firms.
15
PRECAUTIONS FOR USE OF RATIO ANALYSIS
The calculation of May not be difficult task but their use is not easy. The information on
which these are based, the constraints of financial statements, objective for using them,
the caliber of the analyst etc. are important factors which influence the use of ratios.
Following guidelines or factors may be kept in mind while interpreting various ratios:-
 Accuracy of financial statements: - The ratios are calculated from the data
available in financial statements. The reliability of ratios is linked to the
accuracy of information in these statements. Before calculating ratios one
should see whether proper concepts and conventions have been used for
preparing financial statements or not. These statements should also be
properly audited by competent auditors. The precautions will establish the
reliability of data given in financial statements.
 Objective of analysis: - The type of ratios to be calculated will depend upon
the purpose for which these are required. If the purpose is to study current
financial position then ratios relating to current assets and current liabilities
will be studied. The purpose of ‘USER’ is also important for analysis of ratios.
A creditor, a banker, an investor, a shareholder, all has different objects for
studding ratios. The purpose or object for which ratios are required to be
studied should always be kept in mind for studied various ratios.
 Selection of Ratios: - Another precaution in ratio analysis is the proper
selection of appropriate ratios. The ratio should match the purpose for which
these are required. Calculation of large number of ratio without determining
their need in the present context may confuse the things instead of solving
them. Only those ratios should be selected which can through proper light on
the matter to be discussed.
 Use of standards: - The ratios will give an indication of financial position
only when discussed with reference to certain standards. Unless otherwise
these ratios are compared with certain standards one will not be able to reach
at conclusions. These standards may be rule of thumb as in case of current
ratio (2:1) and acid test ratio (1:1) may be industry standards, may be budgeted
or projected ratios etc. The comparison of calculated ratios with the standards
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will help the analyst in forming his opinion about financial situation of the
concern.
 Caliber of the analyst: - The ratios are only the tools of analysis and their
interpretation will depend upon the caliber and competence of the analyst. He
should be familiar with various financial statements and significance of
changes. A wrong interpretation may create havoc for the concern since wrong
conclusions may lead to wrong decisions. The utility of ratios is linked to the
expertise of the analyst.
 Ratios provide only a base: - The ratios are only guidelines for the analyst;
he should not base his decisions entirely on them. He should study any other
relevant information, situation in the concern, general economic environment
etc. before reaching final conclusions. The study of ratios in isolation may not
always prove useful. A businessman will not afford a single wrong decision
because it may have far-reaching consequences. The interpreter should use the
ratios as guide and may try to solicit any other relevant information which
helps in reaching a correct decision.
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LIMITATIONS OF RATIO ANALYSIS
The ratio analysis is one of the most powerful tools of financial management. Though
ratios are simple calculate and easy to understand, they suffer from some serious
limitations:-
 Limited use of single ratio: - A single ratio, usually, does not convey much
of sense. To make a better interpretation a number of ratios have to be
calculated which is likely to confuse the analyst than help him in making any
meaningful conclusion.
 Lack of adequate standards: - There are no well accepted standards or rule
of thumbs for all ratios which can be accepted as norms. It renders
interpretation of the ratios difficult.
 Inherent limitations of accounting: - Like financial statements, ratios are
also suffer from the inherent weakness of accounting record such as their
historical nature. Ratios of the past are not necessarily true indicators of the
future.
 Change of accounting procedures: - Change in accounting procedure by a
firm often makes ratios analysis misleading e.g. a change in the variation of
methods of inventories, from FIFO to LIFO increases the cost of sales and
reduces considerably the value of closing stocks which makes stock turnover
ratio to be lucrative and an unfavorable gross profit ratio.
 Window Dressing: - Financial statements can easily be window dressed to
present a better picture of its financial and profitability position to outsiders.
Hence, one has to be very careful in making a decisions from ratios calculated
from such financial statements. But it may be very difficult for an outsider to
know about the window dressing made by a firm.
 Price level changes: - While making ratio analysis, no consideration is made
to the changes in price levels and this makes the interpretation of ratios
invalid.
 Ratios no substitutes: - Ratio analysis is merely a tool of financial
statements. Hence, ratios become useless if separated from the statements
from which they are computed.
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CLASSIFICATION OF RATIOS ANALYSIS
The use of ratio analysis is not confined to financial manager only. There are different
parties interested in the ratios analysis for knowing the financial position of a firm for
different purposes. In view of various users of ratios, there are any types of ratios
which can be calculated from the information given in the financial statements. The
particular purpose of the user determines the particular ratios that might be used for
financial analysis.
CLASSIFICATION OF RATIO ANALYSIS
1. LIQUIDITY RATIOS.
2. LONG TERM SOLVENCY RATIOS.
3. ACTIVITY RATIOS.
4. PROFITABILITY RATIOS.
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SHORT TERM FINANCIAL STATEMENT ANALYSIS
The Short term creditors of a company like suppliers of goods of credit and
commercial banks providing short term loans are primarily interested in knowing the
company's ability to meet its current or short term obligations as and when these
become due. Therefore a firm must ensure that it does not suffer from lack of liquidity
or the capacity to pay its current obligations. If a firm fails to meet such current
obligations due to lack of good liquidity position, its goodwill in the market is likely
to be affected beyond repair. It will result in a loss of creditor's confidence in the firm
and may cause even closure of the firm. Two types of ratios can be calculated for
measuring short-term financial position or short-term solvency of a firm.
 Liquidity Ratios
 Current Assets Movement or Efficiency Ratios
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LIQUIDITY RATIOS
Liquidity refers to the ability of a concern to meet its current obligations as and when
these become due. The short-term obligations are met by realizing amounts from
current, floating or circulating assets. The current assets should either be liquid or
near liquidity. These should be convertible into cash or paying obligations of short-
term nature. The sufficiency of current assets should be assessed by comparing them
with short term (Current) liabilities-The bankers, suppliers of goods and others. Short
Term creditors are interested in the liquidity of the concern. They will extend credit
only if they are sure that current assets are enough to pay out the obligations. To
measure the liquidity of a firm, following ratios can be calculated:-
 Current Ratio.
 Quick or Acid Test or Liquid Ratio
 Absolute Liquid Ratio or Cash Position Ratio
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CURRENT ASSET MOVEMENT RATIO
The efficiency with which assets are managed directly affects the volume of sales. The
better the management of assets, the larger is the amount of sales and the profits.
Activity ratios measure the efficiency or the effectiveness with which a firm manages
its resources or assets. These ratios are called turnover ratios because they indicate the
speed with which assets are converted or turned over into sales. It includes following
ratios:-
 INVENTORY/ STOCK TURNOVER RATIO

 DEBTORS TURNOVER RATIO
 CREDITORS TURNOVER RATIIO
 WORKING CAPITAL TURNOVER RATIO
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LONG TERM SOLVENCY RATIOS
The term solvency refers to the ability of a concern to meet its long-term obligations.
The long term creditors of a firm are primarily interested in knowing the firm's ability to
pay regularly interest on long term borrowings repayment of the principal amount at the
maturity and the security of their loans. Following ratios are calculated to know the
long-term solvency position of a company.
 Debt Equity Ratio

 Funded Debt to Total Capitalization Ratio
 Proprietary Ratio or Equity Ratio
 Solvency Ratio or Ratio of Total Liability to Total Assets:
 Fixed Assets to Net Worth Ratio
 Fixed Assets to Net Worth Ratio:
23
ANALYSIS OF PROFITABILITY
The primary objective of a business is to earn Profits. Profits earning is considered

essential for the survival of the business. A business needs profits not only for its
existence but also for expansion and diversification. The investors want as adequate
return on their investments, workers want higher wages creditors want higher security
for their interest and loan and so on. Business enterprises can discharge its obligations
to the various segments of the society only through earning of profits.
 G.P. Ratio
 Net worth ratio
 Operating Profit Ratio
 Net Profit Ratio:
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COMPANY PROFILE-
BOANG Technology Private Limited

OPPO Mobile Telecommunication Corp. Ltd. commonly referred to as OPPO, is a

Chinese consumer electronics and mobile communications company headquartered in
DONGGUAN, GUANGDONG, in China and known for its Smartphones, Blu-ray
players and other electronic devices that made in china. A leading manufacturer of
smartphones, OPPO was the top Smartphone brand in China in 2016 and was ranked
no. 8 worldwide.
OPPO launched the first mobile phone, the Smile phone, in 2008, which marks the
beginning of journey to explore and pioneer extraordinary technology. Today, OPPO
brings the aesthetics of technology to global consumers through smart devices,
ColorOs, an Internet services like OPPO Cloud and OPPO+. We have presence in
over 40 countries and regions and have set up 6 research institutes and 4 R&D
centers. We have also established a global design center in London. Together, over
40,000 employees join their efforts to create beautiful life for people.
25
HISTORY
The brand name OPPO was registered in China in 2001 and launched in 2004. Since
then, they have expanded to all parts of the world.
In June 2016, OPPO became the biggest Smartphone maker in China, selling its
phones at more than 2, oo, ooo retail outlets.
26
BRANDING
Korean boy band 2 PM prepared a song known as "Follow Your Soul" in a

promotional deal with OPPO for launching its brand in Thailand in 2010. In June
2015, the company signed an agreement with FC Barcelona to become an official
partner of the Spanish football club.
In 2016, PBA tied up with this company as its official Smartphone partner starting
from 2016 PBA Commissioner's Cup which was held on February 10
OPPO also hires celebrity endorsers in Vietnam, especially Sơn Tùng M-TP who
endorses three Smartphone units like Neo 5, Neo 7 and F1s. OPPO made a
sponsorship to one of Vietnam's top-rated reality shows, The Face Vietnam.
In October 2017, OPPO Thailand launched a new ad of OPPO F5 Smartphone with a

new ad presenter: famous Thai actor, Nadech Kugimiya. OPPO Malaysia also
launched a new OPPO F5 Smartphone with Fattah Amin and Ayda Jebat as their
brand ambassadors.
In 2017, OPPO won the bid to sponsor the Indian national cricket team and has
achieved the rights to display their logo on the team’s kits from 2017 to 2022. Within
this period the Indian national cricket team will play 259 International matches
consisting of 62 Tests, 152 ODIs, and 45 T20 Internationals. This number also
includes the 2019 World Cup in England and 2020 T20 World Cup in Australia. The
current base price for bilateral matches involving India has been set at Rs 4.1 crore
(approx.) and for Asian Cricket Council (ACC) and International Cricket Council
(ICC) matches, it is Rs 1.56 crore (approx.) - almost a four-fold increase from its
earlier rate
27
In 2019 OPPO became a sponsoring partner of the French Open Grand Slam tennis
tournament that is held in Roland-Garros, Paris.
 HRITHIK ROSHAN & SONAM KAPOOR BRAND

AMBASSDOR
 SIDHARTH MALHOTRA BRAND AMBASSDOR
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 KARTIK KHURANA BRAND AMBASSDOR
 DEEPIKA PADUKONE BRAND AMBASSDOR
29
PRODUCTS
Phones
Main article: Oppo phones
Headphones and amplifiers
In 2014, Oppo released a number of high end headphones and amplifiers. The
flagship PM-1 and PM-2 headphones along with the HA-1 desktop amplifier have
been heavily promoted in the audio community. One blogger declares the PM-2 is
"near to perfect".
Released in 2015, the HA-2 was a portable version of the HA-1 amp/DAC which
featured a battery pack option as well as a stitched leather casing. The phone played
music in real-time to the HA-2 (via the included Android or iOS micro USB cable, or
USB cable if from PC). It also can be charged using an included "rapid charger"
charging kit. The battery pack feature can only be used simultaneously while the HA-
2 is used to play music if the playing (source) device is an Apple iOS device. In
October 2016 an updated version was released with a new DAC chip and now named
HA-2SE. Otherwise, it was the same as the HA-2.
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ACHIEVMENTS
2014
World’s first Smartphone with auto motorized rotating camera
OPPO India launched the N3, which was the world’s first Smartphone with auto
motorized rotating camera. No matter what angle you choose, having just one amazing
camera means that the front shots will be just as good as the back shots.
31
2015
OPPO Factories in India
OPPO India established 4 factories in 2015 and expanded its manufacturing capacity
from 15 million to 50 million products. The present plant has around 6,300 Indian
employees for assembling, testing, and packaging. This number is expected to reach
around 8000 by the end of this year.
32
2016
OPPO and its make in India Initiative
OPPO India launched its first ‘Make in India’smartphone and the first selfie Expert
camera phone, the OPPO F1 with a 16 megapixel front camera. This camera allowed
more light to enter the lens so that one can take a clear selfie even in low light
conditions.
33
2017
OPPO is the proud sponsor of the Indian Cricket Team
Cricket in India’, isn’t just a sport, it is also a way of life, a culture, and to put it rightly,
a religion. OPPO is a youth centric brand, which aims at scaling new heights alongside
the Indian Cricket Team.
34
2018
OPPO India established its first R&D center in Hyderabad in 2018
It also launched the OPPO Find X, the world’s first panoramic designed phone with the
super VOOC technology that ensures full charging in just 30 minutes.
35
2019
OPPO with its 10x zoom technology
OPPO recently introduced the 10x hybrid Zoom Technology to take its photography
game to the next level. The new phone-Reno, that has this technology, has a slim body
and brings you everything from ultra-wide-angle to telephoto shoots, offering brand
new perspectives for landscapes, portraits, and more.
36
VISION
 To become a healthier and sustainable enterprise.
MISSION
 To let our extraordinary users enjoy the beauty of technology.
VALUES
 Benfen, User oriented, Striving for perfection, Result oriented.
BENFEN
 To resist pressure and temptations, identify core problems and follow right
directions.
 To question, challenge and grasp the essence through critical thinking.
 To be the first one to take responsibility.
 To take no advantage of others.
 To do what we are meant to do, even if we don’t promise to.
USER-ORIENTED
 To design products and provide services from user’s perspectives.
 To conduct in depth market research to identify user’s needs.
 To keep it simple and stay focused to meet the core needs of our target users.
 To take users’ values as our ultimate standards and goals.
STRIVING FOR PERFECTION

 To love creating outstanding products with extraordinary performance.
 To uphold the spirit of craftsmanship, and continuously improve, refine and
optimize our product.
 To identify the root cause of problems and act towards perfection.
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 To pursue outstanding quality.
RESULT-ORIENTED
 To create value by reaching goals, but must follow our core values in the
process.
 To begin with goals in mind act accordingly and take responsibility for results.
 To make no excuses, but to overcome restrictions, integrate resources and
work towards goals.
 Personal contribution can be well-reflected only in the success of a team.
38
DIRECTORS
SR.NO. NAME DESIGNATION

1 XIAOWEI LIU Director
2 SHUJIAN CAO Director
3 ZHI DONG Director
4 CHENXI LI Director
5 ASHA Director
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AFTER SALE SERVICES CENTERS
OPPO provides after sale services for their users:
1. USER GUIDE-Through this we can easily find more features of our

Smartphone.
2. SPAREPARTS PRICE-We can select our product model to get the prices of
main prices.
3. WARRANTY STATUS-Check the warranty status/OPPO care information
using our IMEI number.
4. SOFTWARE UPDATES-We can easily download the latest version.
5. REPAIR STATUS-We can track our repair status with our IMEI number.
6. SERVICE CENTER-We can easily find the nearest service center around us
and get help.
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LIST OF OPPO AFTER SALE SERVICE CENTERS
S.NO PARTICULARS LOCATIONS

1 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Patiala
2 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Bathinda
3 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Ludhiana
4 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Amritsar
5 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Jalandhar
6 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Ferozepur
7 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Barnala
8 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Batala
9 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Pathankot
10 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Mansa
11 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Muktsar
12 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Phagwara
13 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Malerkotla
14 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Gurdaspur
15 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Moga
16 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Ropar
17 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Khanna
18 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Hoshiarpur
19 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Mohali
20 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Abohar
21 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Malout
22 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Nangal
23 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Faridkot
24 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Rajpura
25 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Jagraon
26 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Nawanshahar
27 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Sangrur
28 OPPO Exclusive Service Center Tarn Taran
41
COMPANY’S PHILOSPHY
 Faith in the bright future of Indian phones and hence continued its expansion
in areas which we know best.
 Total customer focus in all operational areas.
 Global orientation targeting at least 20% production for exports.
 Integrated diversification / product range expansion.
 World class manufacturing facilities with most modern R&D and process
technology.
 Faith in individual potential and respect for human values.
 Encouraging innovation for constant improvements to achieve excellence in

all functional areas.
 Accepting change as a way of life.
 Appreciating our role as a responsible corporate citizen.
42
CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY
CSR: OPPO to facilitate the training of Under Privileged kids
NEW DELHI: OPPO has partnered with India’s leading cricket training academy,
PAYYADE Cricket Club to provide scholarship and promote cricket skills to 20
under privileged kids in the presence of PrithviS Shaw, Indian under – 19s team
captain.
To support and endorse the game of cricket, mobile leader OPPO has pledged to
contribute towards the society and work towards assisting these children in achieving
their dreams.
Under this scholarship program, the club will provide 2 years of cricket training to
these children. The children will get an opportunity to be trained under the guidance
of cricket expert and coaches.
These scholarships will help in unveiling new talent and give young children a
platform to kick-start their budding cricketing careers.
43
OPPO launches CSR campaign in Malaysia
Smartphone makers OPPO’s Malaysia staff visited shelter home Rumah Safiyyah to
meet underprivileged children and women, as part of a major CSR drive in Malaysia.
The visit to the home comes as a reaffirmation of OPPO’s desire to contribute to

social causes as a part of their recently launched Ramadan CSR campaign in
Malaysia. In addition to the staff’s trip to Rumah Safiyyah, the company has also
contributed RM 5,000 to the Food Aid Foundation, who provide free food to children
in need.
Brand manager of OPPO Malaysia Chen Lu said, “Since OPPO Malaysia’s

establishment in Malaysia, we have been consistently active in conducting various
corporate social responsibility activities, to encourage our staff in understanding and
embracing various community values regardless of race and religion. Through these
campaigns, our staff and volunteer participants were given an opportunity to further
enhance their people skills, hence applying it to their job in serving our customer
better. We urge the members of the public and volunteers to continue its effort in
supporting our goodwill to inspire love within our society.”
The brand manager also added that the company was far from done with its social
work, stating, “We care about the community and are in the midst of planning for
more campaigns as such including collaborations with non-governmental
organizations. We will continue to raise this important awareness to build a better
community.”
44
QUALITY POLICY
MUMBAI: Smartphone maker OPPO- sometimes called the Apple of China-does not
bother with sales figures in India, but focuses instead on “best service and quality
with beautifulness”, a top company executive has said.
According to Sky Li, Vice President, OPPO Mobiles-which entered India two years
back and has seen tremendous growth since-the company never follows Key
Performance Indicators (KPI) – a measureable way to check how effectively a
company is achieving key business objectives.
“Providing best services with beautifulness to the customers is our strategy to grab the
Indian Smartphone market.”Li told IANS in the sideline of the launch of OPPO F1s, a
successor to the popular OPPO F1 device, in Mumbai lst week.
Being a priority market for OPPO, we understand the Indian consumers’ demand for
excellent camera quality. OPPO has rich experience in camera technology and has
been the industry leader with several accolades and awards to its credit, said Li,who is
also the OPPO’s Global VP and Managing Director of International Mobile Business
and President, OPPO India.
The company is carrying this legacy forward and stepping up the selfie revolution by
launching the upgraded selfie expert-F1s-to share advanced photography technology
with an even wider range of users in India and also offers them an outstanding
“selfie” experience.
According to a latest report from the International Data Corporation (IDC), Chinese
Smartphone players like Vivo, Xiaomi, Oppo and Gionee had a 22 per cent share of
Smartphone sales in India in the quarter ended March 31.
Quality brands and players like OPPO now expect to grow with their large marketing
spends and increasing retail presence, the report added.
45
Speaking about the specifications of F1s Li said it is an advanced version of the
earlier “selfie expert”F1.
“F1s takes selfie experience a step further with 16 MP front camera, a sophisticated
beautification feature ad an industry leading0.22s fingerprint reader.F1s also sports a
5.5 inch screen, an Octa- core processor backed with 3GB RAM,32GB ROM and
3075mAh battery at an amazing price of Rs.17,990,”Li explained.
Asked about the “Make in India” initiative, Li said:”We had planned to open two
manufacturing units in India, both in Noida (Uttar Pradesh). The first factory has
already become functional last month.”
India is going through a transformation period from feature phones to Smartphone.

The Smartphone user base in India currently stands at 350 million and is expected to
rise sharply.
Li feels that the “Make in India” initiative has created a strong platform for
Smartphone manufacturers like OPPO.
“Currently, there are many Indian consumers who are using low-end or less value
devices. The time when these customers will switch over to mid-to high-end segment
Smartphone is an opportunity for us. We are committed to provide our best
products,”Li told IANS.
46
1.2: NEED FOR STUDY
 The study has great significance and provides benefits to various parties whom
directly or indirectly with the company.
 To express the relationship between different financial aspects in such a way
that it allows the user to draw conclusion about the performance strengths and
weakness of the company.
 To diagnose the information contained in financial statement so as to judge the
profitability of the firm.
 The study helps to know a liquidity, solvency, profitability and turnover
position of the company.
47
1.3: OBJECTIVES
The main objectives of the project are: -
 To know the working capital requirements of the concern.

 To know the profitability of the concern.
 To know the long term financial position of the concern.
 To know the liquidity position of concern.
 Last but not the least to obtain the knowledge in the domain field to the
fullest extent and to help the organization by providing some
recommendations which can improve their operations and can provide them
some monetary benefit.
48
CHAPTER – 2
REVIEW
LITERATURE
49
Maria Zain (2008)
 In this articles he discuss about the return on assets is an important percentage
that shows the company’s ability to use its assets to generate income. He said
that a high percentage indicates that company’s is doing a good utilizing the
company’s assets to generate income. He notices that the following formula is
one method of calculating the return on assets percentage. Return on Assets =
Net Profit/Total Assets. The net profit figure that should be used is the
amount of income after all expenses, including taxes. He enounce that the low
percentage could mean that the company may have difficulties meeting its
debt obligations. He also short explains about the profit margin ratio –
Operating Performance .He pronounces that the profit margin ratio is
expressed as a percentage that shows the relationship between sales and
profits. It is sometimes called the operating performance ratio because it’s a
good indication of operating efficiencies. The following is the formula for
calculating the profit margin. Profit Margin = Net Profit/Net Sales.
Gopinathan Thachappilly (2009)

 In this articles he discuss about the Financial Ratio Analysis for Performance
evaluation. It analysis is typically done to make sense of the massive amount
of numbers presented in company financial statements. It helps evaluate the
performance of a company, so that investors can decide whether to invest in
that company. Here we are looking at the different ratio categories in separate
articles on different aspects of performance such as profitability ratios,
liquidity ratios, debt ratios, performance ratios, investment evaluation ratios.
 He discuss about the Profitability Ratios Measure Margins and Returns such
as gross, Operating, Pretax and Net Profits, ROA ratio, ROE ratio, ROCE
ratio. However, he determines the Gross profit is the surplus generated by
sales over cost of goods sold. He discussion about the Gross Profit Margin =
Gross Profit/Net Sales or Revenue. Moreover, Operating profits are arrived at
by deducting marketing, administration and depreciation and R&D costs from
the gross margin. Nonetheless, He explains about the operating profit margin.
Operating Profit Margin = Operating Profit/Net Sales or Revenue.
Nevertheless, pretax profits are computed by deducting non-operational
50
expenses from operating profits and by adding non-operational revenues to it.
Pretax Profit Margin = Pretax Profit/Net Sales or Revenue .Nonetheless, he
also analysis about the net profit margin.Net Profit Margin = Net Profit/Net
Sales or Revenue. He also explains that the returns on resources used
dividend into three categories such as ROA, ROE, and ROCE: At first the
Return on Assets = Net Profit/ (Total Assets at beginning of the period +
Total Assets at the close of the period)/2) - The denominator is the average
total assets employed during the year. Return on Equity = Net Profit/
(Shareholders' Equity at the beginning of the year + Shareholders' Equity at
the close of the year)/2).ROCE ratio: Return on Capital Employed = Net
Profit/ (Average Shareholders' Equity + Average Debt Liabilities) - Debt
Liabilities.
James Clausen (2009),

 He state that the Profitability Ratio Analysis of Income Statement and Balance
Sheet Ratio analysis of the income statement and balance sheet are used to
measure company profit performance. He said the learn ratio analyses of the
income statement and balance sheet. The income statement and balance sheet
are two important reports that show the profit and net worth of the company. It
analyses shows how the well the company is doing in terms of profits
compared to sales. He also shows how well the assets are performing in terms
of generating revenue. He defines the income statement shows the net profit of
the company by subtracting expenses from gross profit (sales – cost of goods
sold). Furthermore, the balance sheet lists the value of the assets, as well as
liabilities. In simple terms, the main function of the balance sheet is to show
the company’s net worth by subtracting liabilities from assets. He said that the
balance sheet does not report profits, there’s an important relationship between
assets and profit. The business owner normally has a lot of investment in the
company’s assets.
 In this article he barfly express about the liquidity ratio. He Pronounce that it
is analysis of the financial statements is used to measure company
performance. It also analyses of the income statement and balance sheet.
Investors and lending institutions will often use ratio analyses of the financial
51
statements to determine an 11 company’s profitability and liquidity. If the
ratios indicate poor performance, investors may be reluctant to invest.
Therefore, the current ratio or working capital ratio, measures current assets
against current liabilities. The current ratio measures the company’s ability to
pay back its short-term debt obligations with its current assets. He thinks a
higher ratio indicates the company is better equipped to pay off short-term
debt with current assets. Wherefore, the acid test ratio or quick ratio, measures
quick assets against current liabilities. Quick assets are considered assets that
can be quickly converted into cash. Generally they are current assets less
inventory.
 He also state that the Liquidity Ratios help Good Financial .He know that a
business has high profitability, it can face short-term financial problems and
its funds are locked up in inventories and receivables not realizable for
months. Any failure to meet these can damage its reputation and
creditworthiness and in extreme cases even lead to bankruptcy. In addition to,
liquidity ratios are work with cash and near-cash assets of a business on one
side, and the immediate payment obligations (current liabilities) on the other
side. The near-cash assets mainly include receivables from customers and
inventories of finished goods and raw materials. Coupled with, current ratio
works with all the items that go into a business' working capital, and give a
quick look at its short-term financial position. Current assets include Cash,
Cash equivalents, Marketable securities, Receivables and Inventories. Current
liabilities include Payables, Notes payable, accrued expenses and taxes, and
Accrued installments of term debt). Current Ratio = Current Assets / Current
Liabilities. Similarly, Quick ratio excludes the illiquid items from current
assets and gives a better view of the business' ability to meet its maturing
liabilities. Quick Ratio = Current Assets minus (Inventories + Prepaid
expenses + Deferred income taxes + other illiquid items) / Current Liabilities.
In the final ratio under this article is cash ratio .Cash ratio excludes even
receivables that can take a long time to be converted into cash. Cash Ratio =
(Cash + Cash equivalents + Marketable Securities) / Current Liabilities.
 He denotes that about the total asset ratio. The calculation uses two factors,
total revenue and average assets to determine the turnover ratio. When
52
calculating for a particular year, the total revenue for that year is used. Instead
of using the year ending asset total from the balance sheet, a more accurate
picture would be to use the total average assets for the year. Once the average
assets are determined for the same time period that revenue is compared, the
formula for calculating the asset turnover ratio is. Total Revenue / Average
Assets = Asset Turnover Ratio.
Jo Nelgadde (2009),
 He said that learn how to perform inventory analysis and inventory turnover
analysis to better understand a business as well as to identify effective
inventory management. He analyzing a company’s financial performance
definitely includes performing inventory analysis. He know that there are
three types of business inventory: Raw Materials (RM),Work-In-Progress
(WIP),Finished Goods (FG).He give idea two types formula of ratio such as
Inventory Turnover = Cost of Goods Sold / Average Inventory, Average age
of Inventory = 360 days / Inventory Turnover.
Munya Mtetwa (2010),

 In this article he short propose that about the fixed asset. He define that fixed
assets are assets that are used in production or supply of goods or services and
they are to be used within the business for more than one financial year.
Consequently, fixed assets represent the company's long term income
generating assets and they can either be tangible or non tangible. It includes
land and buildings, plant and equipment, golf courses, casinos, football
players, machinery and hotels depending on the nature of the business under
consideration. Fixed asset turnover = Sales / Net fixed asset.
Jo Nelgadde (2010)
 In this article he briefly about the asset management ratio. It divided into
different types of categories. He state that about the used to analyze accounts
receivable and other working capital figures to identify significant changes in
the 12 company’s operations and financial accounts. He said that there are
two categories about this ratio such as account receivable turnover and
53
average age of account receive. He measurement the ratio as, Accounts
receivable turnover = Sales / Average Accounts receivable. Average age of
accounts receivable/ collection period = 365 days / Accounts receivable
Turnover.
54
CHAPTER – 2
RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY
55
WHAT IS RESEARCH
 A Voyage of discovery; A Journey; An attitude; an experience method of

critical thinking; a careful critical enquiry in see facts for principles.
 An art of scientific investigation, Scientific and systematic search for
pertinent information on a topic. Process of arriving at dependable solutions
to problems through planned and systematic collection, analysis and
interpretation of collection data.
 A systematized effort to gain new knowledge; A movement to known to the
unknown, search for new knowledge, facts through objectives, systematic
and scientific method of finding solution to a problem.
 Implicit questions + explicit answer + data to answer the questions, not
synonymous with commonsense, but systematic, objective (purposeful),
reproducible, relevant activity control over see factors.
 An activity caused by instinct of inquisitiveness to gain free insight / find
answer to questions / acquires knowledge.
WHY RESEARCH
 To get a degree.
 To get respectability.
 To face a challenge.
 To solve a problem.
 To get intellectual joy.
 To serve society.
 To increasing standard of living.
 To showing right path to society in case of social and behavioral.
56
RESEARCH DESIGN
In dealing with any problem it is often found that data at hand are inadequate, and
hence, it becomes necessary to collect data that are appropriate. There are several
ways of collecting the appropriate data which differ considerably in context of money
cost, time and other resources. There are two types of data-
 PRIMARY DATA
 SECONDARY DATA
SECONDARY DATA HAS BEEN USED IN THE PROJECT
Secondary data means data that are already available i.e., they refer to the data which
have already been collected and analyzed by someone else. Sources of data are -
manuals, annual reports of BOANG Technology Pvt. Ltd. and through internet.
57
FINANCIAL DEVICES USED
The ratio analysis is done to determine the financial position and results of operations
as well; a number of methods or devices are used to study the relationship between
different statements which clearly analyze the financial position of the enterprise.
The following devices are generally used:-
 INCOME STATEMENTS:-
Income statement is prepared to determine the original position of the firm. It is a
statement of revenues earned and the expenses incurred for earning that revenue. If
there is an excess of revenues over expenditure it will show a profit and vice versa.
The income statement is prepared for a particular period, generally a year. The
income statement may be prepared in the form of manufacturing account to find out
the cost of production, in the form of trading account to determine gross profit or
gross loss, in the form of profit and loss account to determine net profit or net loss.
 BALANCE SHEET STATEMENTS:-

The American institute of certified public accountants defines balance sheet as, “a
tabular statement of summary of balances carried forward after an actual and
constructive closing of books of account and kept according to principles of
accounting.”
The balance sheet is one of the important statements depicting the financial strength
of the concern. It shows all the assets owned by the firm and all the liabilities and
claims it owes to owners and outsiders. The companies act, 1956 has prescribed a
particular form for showing assets and liabilities in a balance sheet for companies
registered under this act.
58
 STATEMENT OF PROFIT & LOSS:-
The profit and loss (P&L) statement is a financial statement that summarizes the
revenues, costs and expenses incurred during a specified period, usually a fiscal
quarter or year. The P&L statement is synonymous with the income statement. These
records provide information about a company's ability or inability to generate profit
by increasing revenue, reducing costs or both. Some refer to the P&L statement as a
statement of profit and loss, income statement, statement of operations, statement of
financial results or income, earnings statement or expense statement.
 CASH FLOW STATEMENT:-

In financial accounting, a cash flow statement, also known as statement of cash
flows, is a financial statement that shows how changes in balance sheet accounts and
income affect cash and cash equivalents, and breaks the analysis down to operating,
investing, and financing activities. Essentially, the cash flow statement is concerned
with the flow of cash in and out of the business. As an analytical tool, the statement of
cash flows is useful in determining the short-term viability of a company, particularly
its ability to pay bills. International Accounting Standard 7 (IAS 7) is the International
Accounting Standard that deals with cash flow statements.
59
BENEFITS OF RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
 Advancement of wealth of human knowledge.

 A tool of the trade to carry out research provides tools at things in life
objectively.
 Develops a critical and scientific attitude, Disciplined, A bent of mind to
observe objectively, Skills of research will pay off in long particularly in the
age of information.
 Enriches practitioner and his practices, provides change study a subject in
depth, enable us to make intelligent, understand the material which no other
kind of work.
 A consumers of research output helps to inculcate and evaluate and use of
results for earlier research with reason, confidence and take rational decisions.
 Doing research is the best way to learn to read and think.
60
CHAPTER – 4
ANALYSIS AND
DISCUSSION
61
1. Current Ratio:
Current Ratio may be defined as the relationship between current assets and
current liabilities. This ratio is also known as working capital ratio. It is
calculated as:
CR= Current Assets/Current Liability
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

Current Ratio 11 0.47 0.21
12
10
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION
Current Ratio of the company is; 11 in the year 2015-16 and in 2016-17 it is 0.47 and it
also decrease up to 0.21 in 2017-18.
62
2. Quick Acid Tests or Liquid Ratio:
Q.R is a more rigorous test or liquidity than current ratio. Q.R. may be
defined as the relationship between quick/liquid assets and current or liquid
liabilities. Where quick assets include cash in hand, cash at bank, B/R, Sundry
debtors, marketable securities and short term or temporary investments whereas
inventory & prepaid expenses will be excluded while calculating quick assets.
This ratio can be calculated as follows:
Q.R. = Quick Assets/Quick Liability
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

Q.RATIO - 0.22 0.07
0.25
0.2
0.15
0.1
0.05
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTETPRETATION
Quick ratio of Company was nil in the year 2015-16 , 0.22 in 2016-17 and in 2017-18
it was decreases 0.07. It shows that liquid assets are quite sufficient to provide a cover
to the current liabilities.
63
3. Absolute Liquid Ratio:
It is the relationship between absolute liquid assets and current

liabilities. Absolute liquid assets include cash in hand and at bank and
marketable securities or temporary investments.
A.L.R. = Absolute Liquid Assets/Current Liabilities.
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

A.L.R 0.24 1.48 0.83
0.25
0.2
0.15
Absolute Liquid Ratio
0.1
0.05
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION
Absolute liquid ratio in 2014 was 1.39, 0.79 in 2015, in 2016 it was 0.24, it was
increase 1.48 in 2017 and it was decreases 0.83 in 2018. It shows that company has
enough cash and marketable securities to meet the current liabilities in 2017 but in 2018
it was decreases 44% as compare to 2017.
64
4. Inventory turnover ratio-
It is calculated as sales / average inventory. It would indicate whether

inventory has been efficiently used or not. The purpose is to see whether only
the required minimum funds have been locked up in inventory.
Inventory turnover ratio = Cost of goods sold/average

Inventory cost
Average inventory= opening stock + closing stock/ 2
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

I.T.R - 81.5 55.35
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The inventory turnover ratio in 2015-16 is nil because there is opening and closing
inventory and in 2016-2017 the inventory turnover ratio is 81.5 and it decrease to
55.35 in 2017-18.
65
5. Inventory conversion period-
It is used to see average time taken for clearing the stocks.
Inventory conversion period= 365/ Inventory turnover ratio
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

Conversion
period in days - 5 7
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The inventory conversion period was 2015-16 is nil because no inventory turnover
ratio is there and in 2016-2017 it takes 5 days and in 2017-2018 it increases to 7 days
indicates that stocks are not readily converted into cash or the stock is storage to meet
out the future requirement.
66
6. Debtor’s turnover ratio-
It indicates the velocity of debt collection of firm. It indicates the number

of times average debtors are turned over during a year.
Debtors turnover ratio = net credit annual sales/ average

Trade debtors
Average trade debtors = opening debtors + closing debtors/2
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

D.T.R 0 0 0
DTR
100%
80%
Axis Title
60%
40% DTR
20%
0%
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The company has no credit annual sales so company has no debtors turnover ratio.
67
7. Average collection period-
It represents the average number of days for which a firm has to wait
before its receivables are converted into cash.
Average collection period= no. of working days/ debtors

Turnover ratio
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

Avg.
collection
Period 0 0 0
1.2
0.8
0.6
ACP
0.4
0.2
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The company has no debtors turnover ratios so it has no average collection period.
68
8. Creditor’s turnover ratio-
This ratio indicates the velocity with which the creditors are turned over
in relation to purchases.
Creditors turnover ratio= net credit annual purchases/

Average trade creditors
Average trade creditors= opening creditors + closing

Creditors / 2
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018
C.T.R - 27.64 12.06
30
25
20
15 CTR
10
5
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The company creditor’s turnover ratio was nil in 2015-16 and it reaches 27.64% in
2016-17 and it decreases 12.06 in 2017-18.
69
9. Average payment period-
It represents the number of days taken by a firm to pay its creditors.
Average payment period= no. of working days/ creditors

Turnover ratio
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018
Payment period
In days - 13 30
35
30
25
20
15
10
0
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION:
The average payment period was nil in 2015-16 and 13 days in 2016-17 which
increases to 30 days in 2017-18 which indicate less liquid is the position of the firm.
70
10. Working capital turnover ratio-
This ratio indicates the velocity of the utilization of net working capital. It
measures the efficiency with in which the working capital is being used by the
firm.
Working capital= current assets - current liabilities
Average working capital= opening working capital + closing

Working capital / 2
Working capital turnover ratio = COGS/ avg. working capital
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018
W.C.R - (15.22) (6.96)
2017-18,
-6.96
2016-17,
-15.22
INTERPRETATION:
The working capital turnover ratio in 2015-16 was nil which is (15.22) in 2016-17 and
in 2017-18 it is (6.96) and this balance is in negative form because company’s current
liability is more than the current assets.
71
11. Gross Profit Ratio-
A Gross profit ratio shows the percentages of gross profit to the net sale during
the year. The ratio computed with the following formula:
G.P. Ratio = Gross Profit/Net Sales x 100
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

G.P.RATIO - 14 15
Gross profit ratio
15
14.5
14
13.5
2015-16 2016-17 2017-18
INTERPRETATION
Gross Profit of Company was nil in 2015-16 and increase to 14% in 2016-17 which was
very good but the same is increase little within 2017-18 i.e. 15% in the year. It is hoping
that is may be in growing trend in coming year.
72
12. Operating Profit Ratio-
The operating profit ratio is the percentage of Operating profit to Net Annual
sale. The Ratio is computed with following formula.
Operating Profit Ratio = Operating Profits / Net Sales X100
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

O.P.RATIO - (0.7)% (0.92)%
Operating profit ratio
2006
2016-17
2017-18 (0.7)%
(0.92)%
INTERPRETATION
The company has its operating loss.
73
13. Net Profit Ratio-
The net profit ratio is the percentage of net profit to the net annual sale. The
Ratio is computed with following Formula
Net Profit Ratio = Net Profits after Taxes /Net Sales x 100
YEAR 2015-2016 2016-2017 2017-2018

N.P.RATIO - (7) (18)
2015-16
0% Net profit ratio 0% 0%
2016-17
-7%
2017-18
-18%
INTERPRETATION
The company has loss in 2016-17 is 7% and the company has 18% loss in 2017-18.
74
CHAPTER- 5
CONCLUSION
75
CONCLUSION
1. . The company has started its operation in 2016 and arises with full swing
from 2016 onwards.
2. In activity ratios, the creditors ratio is more satisfactory as the company has
been taken shorter period to make payments and there is an efficient
management of available funds.
3. It has started to be its competitors by floating a various schemes, Business

promotion programs, high margins to its distributors, and customer
satisfaction.
4. The long term position of the company is very good whereas liquidity position
is in critical situation but it can be clearly seen that the liquidity position will
be stable soon in subsequent years.
5)
76
CHAPTER- 6
SUGGESTIONS
77
SUGGESTIONS
1. It is recommended that the Company should improve its absolute quick

asset ratio.
2. The average collection period of company is increased from 1 day in

2016-17 to 2 day in 2017-18. The company needs to look into the same
and try to reduce the collection period to avoid the interest on funds.
3. The profit of the company is not in a good position for that company
has take alternative actions.
4. The firm have low current ratio so it should increase its current ratio
where it can meet its short term obligation smoothly.
5. Liquidity ratio of the firm is not better .So I suggested that the firm
maintain proper liquid funds.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
78
BOOKS REFERRED-
1. KHAN M.Y. & JAIN P.K, FINANACIAL MANAGEMENT, KALYANI

PUBLISHERS, NEW DELHI.
2. GUPTA SK., MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING, KALYANI PUBLISHERS,
NEW DELHI.
3. SHARMA R.K & GUPTA S.K., MANAGEMENT ACCOUNTING &
BUSINESS FINANCE, KALYANI PUBLISHERS, NEW DELHI.
INFORMATION FROM THE WEBSITES-

1. www.google.com
STATEMENTS OF BOANG TECHNOLOGY PRIVATE LIMITED

1. BALANCE SHEET
2. STATEMENT OF PROFIT & LOSS
3. CASH FLOW STATEMENT
INCOME STATEMENT FOR THE YEAR ENDED 2006 (Rs.In lacs)
79
PARTICULARS 2006
NET SALES
Sales 195724.74
Less: excise duty 6808.54
NET SALES 188916.20
COST OF GOODS SOLD
Raw material consumption 80206.78
Manufacturing expenses 45569.72
COST OF GOODS SOLD 125776.50
GROSS PROFIT (A) 63139.70
OPERATING EXPENSES
Personal expenses 11016.86
Administration expenses 4964.80
Selling & distribution expenses 14529.49
Total operating expenses (B) 30511.15
OPERATING PROFIT (A-B) 32628.55
Less: non operating expenses
Interest & financial charges 3949.03
Decrease in stock of WIP & F.goods 0.00
Miscellaneous expenses 0.00
Depreciation 10133.99
Prior period items (8.58)
Diff in excise duty on stock (139.59)
Total non operating expenses 13934.85
Add: non operating incomes
Other incomes 4843.30
Increase in stock of WIP & F.goods 1522.14
Total non operating incomes 6365.44
NET PROFIT BEFORE TAX 25059.14
Tax & other provisions 5427.52
NET PROFIT AFTER TAX 19631.62
80
PARTICULARS 2007
NET SALES
Sales 215009.02
NET SALES 208763.00
COST OF GOODS SOLD
OPERATING EXPENSES
Prior period items 34.52
Diff in excise duty on stock 113.93
Other 3402.81
incomes
81
PARTICULARS 2008
NET SALES
Sales 234635.95
NET SALES 229466.61
COST OF GOODS SOLD
OPERATING EXPENSES
OPERATING PROFIT (A-B)} 31206.03
82
PARTICULARS 2009
NET SALES
Sales 249537.69
NET SALES 245364.51
COST OF GOODS SOLD
OPERATING EXPENSES
Net profit 2734.67
PROFIT ON SALE OF CONTINUED OPRATIONS 11342.17
83
2010
PARTICULARS
NET SALES
Sales 276722.16
NET SALES 274295.36
COST OF GOODS SOLD
OPERATING EXPENSES
84
BALANCE SHEET AS ON 31 MARCH 2006 (Rs. In lacs)
LIABILITY SIDE 2006

1
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
A Share capital 5776.91
B Reserve & surplus 90389.79
C Pending equity capital 0.00
Total shareholders fund 96166.70
2 LOAN FUNDS
A Secured loans 83107.64
B Unsecured loans 27114.77
Total loans 110222.41
3
CURRENT LIABILITIES
A Liabilities 16356.58
B Provision 3211.78
C Deferred tax liabilities 9215.16
Total current liabilities 28783.52
TOTAL OF LIABILITY SIDE 235172.63
ASSETS SIDE
1 Fixed assets 103756.26
2 Investments 6837.94
3 CURRENT ASSETS
A Inventories 56899.58
B Sundry debtors 22204.18
C Cash & bank 27154.82
D Loan & advances 18319.85
Total current assets 124578.43
4 Miscellaneous expenses w/off
A 0.00
Development a/c
B Debenture issue expenditures 0.00
Total miscellaneous expenses 0.00
235172.63
TOTAL OF ASSETS SIDE
85
LIABILITY SIDE 2007

1
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
2 LOAN FUNDS
3
CURRENT LIABILITIES
B Provision (586.79)
ASSETS SIDE
3 CURRENT ASSETS
A 0.00
Development a/c
318537.67
86
LIABILITY SIDE 2008

1
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
2 LOAN FUNDS
3
CURRENT LIABILITIES
B Provision 1549.77
ASSETS SIDE
3 CURRENT ASSETS
A 0.00
Development a/c
396538.74
87
LIABILITY SIDE 2009

1
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
2 LOAN FUNDS
3
CURRENT LIABILITIES
B Provision 239.72
ASSETS SIDE
3 CURRENT ASSETS
A 0.00
Development a/c
418736.40
88
LIABILITY SIDE 2010

1
SHAREHOLDERS FUND
2 LOAN FUNDS
3
CURRENT LIABILITIES
B Provision 1873.54
ASSETS SIDE
3 CURRENT ASSETS
A 0.00
Development a/c
454005.29
89
90

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BOANG Technology Private Limited

In partial fulfillment of the requirements

SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:

Present project “RATIO ANALYSIS” has been done in BOANG

I VANI STUDENT OF MBA IV SEMESTER, UNIV. ROLL NO HEREBY

CHAPTERS: PAGE NO.

1.1a: ORGANISATION PROFILE 25 – 47

1.2: NEED FOR STUDY 48

CHAPTER – 3:- RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 55-59

CHAPTER – 4:- ANALYSIS AND DISCUSSIN 60 –73

CHAPTER – 5:- CONCLUSION 74– 75

CHAPTER -6:- RECOMMENDATIONS 76- 77

Ratio is a simple arithmetical expression of the relationship of one number to another.

Ratio analysis is a technique of analysis and interpretation of financial statements. It is

 Calculation of appropriate ratios from the above data.

 Interpretation of the ratio.

The interpretation of ratios is an important factor. Though calculation of ratios is also

CLASSIFICATION OF RATIO ANALYSIS

2. LONG TERM SOLVENCY RATIOS.

 INVENTORY/ STOCK TURNOVER RATIO

 Debt Equity Ratio

The primary objective of a business is to earn Profits. Profits earning is considered

BOANG Technology Private Limited

OPPO Mobile Telecommunication Corp. Ltd. commonly referred to as OPPO, is a

Korean boy band 2 PM prepared a song known as "Follow Your Soul" in a

In October 2017, OPPO Thailand launched a new ad of OPPO F5 Smartphone with a

 HRITHIK ROSHAN & SONAM KAPOOR BRAND

 SIDHARTH MALHOTRA BRAND AMBASSDOR

 DEEPIKA PADUKONE BRAND AMBASSDOR

Headphones and amplifiers

World’s first Smartphone with auto motorized rotating camera

OPPO Factories in India

OPPO and its make in India Initiative

OPPO is the proud sponsor of the Indian Cricket Team

OPPO India established its first R&D center in Hyderabad in 2018

OPPO with its 10x zoom technology

STRIVING FOR PERFECTION

SR.NO. NAME DESIGNATION

2 SHUJIAN CAO Director

3 ZHI DONG Director

OPPO provides after sale services for their users:

1. USER GUIDE-Through this we can easily find more features of our

S.NO PARTICULARS LOCATIONS

 Total customer focus in all operational areas.

 Global orientation targeting at least 20% production for exports.

 Integrated diversification / product range expansion.

 Faith in individual potential and respect for human values.

 Encouraging innovation for constant improvements to achieve excellence in

 Accepting change as a way of life.

 Appreciating our role as a responsible corporate citizen.

CSR: OPPO to facilitate the training of Under Privileged kids

The visit to the home comes as a reaffirmation of OPPO’s desire to contribute to

Brand manager of OPPO Malaysia Chen Lu said, “Since OPPO Malaysia’s

India is going through a transformation period from feature phones to Smartphone.

The main objectives of the project are: -

 To know the working capital requirements of the concern.

Gopinathan Thachappilly (2009)

James Clausen (2009),

Munya Mtetwa (2010),

 A Voyage of discovery; A Journey; An attitude; an experience method of

SECONDARY DATA HAS BEEN USED IN THE PROJECT

The following devices are generally used:-

 BALANCE SHEET STATEMENTS:-