PHY1020 General Physics I

An ICM U.T.P. II Course

Week 2 – Class 04
Credits 2

• These slides have, in part, been prepared based on the instructor’s resources
that were published alongside our course textbook on the WileyPLUS resource
page.

• Cutnell, J.D. and Johnson, K. W., Physics, 11th edition (Wiley).

Please do not make unauthorized video, audio or photographic recordings inside the classroom. This is for both privacy and
intellectual property concerns. Please switch off your mobile phones at all times in the classroom. Thank you.
Instructor: Nozhan Bayat 3
• Contact information:
• Email: bayatn@learning.icmanitoba.ca
• Office: 235 St. Paul’s College
• Office Hours: Monday-Wednesday 8:30 – 10:00am

• Midterm
• February 16 @ 1:30-3:30 pm (tentative)
• No makeup.

OTHER IMPORTANT DATES:

VW date (no financial penalty) January 26, 2020
VW date (no academic penalty) March 18, 2020
Final exam To be announced
 Physics
Eleventh Edition

Cutnell & Johnson

Chapter 3
Kinematics in Two Dimensions
3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (1
of 5)

r0  initial position

r  final position

r  r  r0  displacement

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3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (2
of 5)
Average velocity is the displacement
divided by the elapsed time.

r  r0 r
v 
t  t0 t

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3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (3
of 5)
The instantaneous velocity
indicates how fast the car moves and
the direction of motion at each
instant of time.

r
v  lim
t 0 t

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3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (4
of 5)

r
v  lim
t 0 t

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3.1 Displacement, Velocity, and Acceleration (5
of 5)
Definition of Average Acceleration

v  v0 v
a 
t  t0 t

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (1 of
11)

Equations of Kinematics
v  v0  at
x 1
2  v0  v  t
v 2  v02  2ax
x  v0t  12 at 2

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (2 of
11)

vx  v0 x  a xt x 1
2  v0 x  vx  t
x  v0 xt  a xt
1
2
2
v v
2
x
2
0x  2a x x

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (3 of
11)

v y  v0 y  a y t
y  v0 y t  12 a y t 2

y 1
2 v
0y  vy  t

v y2  v02 y  2a y y

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (4 of
11)

The x part of the motion occurs exactly as it would if the y part did not occur
at all, and vice versa.
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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (5 of
11)

Example 1 A Moving Spacecraft

In the x direction, the spacecraft has an initial velocity component of
of +22 m/s and an acceleration of 24 m s 2 . In the y direction, the
analogous quantities are +14 m/s and an acceleration of 12 m s 2 . At a
time 7.0 s, find (a) x and vx, (b) y and vy, and (c) the final velocity of the spacecraft.

Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 14

3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (6 of
11)

Reasoning Strategy
1. Make a drawing.
2. Decide which directions are to be called positive (+) and negative (−).
3. Write down the values that are given for any of the five kinematic variables associated with
each direction.
4. Verify that the information contains values for at least three of the kinematic variables. Do this
for x and y. Select the appropriate equation.
5. When the motion is divided into segments, remember that the final velocity of one segment is
the initial velocity for the next.
6. Keep in mind that there may be two possible answers to a kinematics problem.

Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 15

3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (7 of
11)

Example 1 A Moving Spacecraft

In the x direction, the spacecraft has an initial velocity component of
+22 m/s and an acceleration of 24 m s 2 . In the y direction, the
analogous quantities are +14 m/s and an acceleration of 12 m s 2 .
Find (a) x and vx, (b) y and vy, and (c) the final velocity of the spacecraft at time 7.0 s.

x ax vx v0x t
+ 24 meter per second
? 24squared
m s2. ? +22 m/s 7.0 s

y ay vy v0y t
12.0
+ 12.0 meter per second
? m s2.
squared ? +14 m/s 7.0 s

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (8 of
11)

x ax vx v0x t
24 m s
+ 24 meter per second squared
2
? ? +22 m/s 7.0 s

x  v0 xt  12 a xt 2
  22 m s  7.0 s    24 m s   7.0 s   740 m
1 2 2
2

vx  v0 x  a xt
  22 m s    24 m s 2   7.0 s   190 m s

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (9 of
11)

y ay vy v0y t
12.0 m s 2
+ 12.0 meter per second squared
? ? +14 m/s 7.0 s

y  v0 y t  12 a y t 2
 14 m s  7.0 s   12 m s   7.0 s   390 m 1 2 2
2

vy  v0 y  a y t
 14 m s   12 m s 2   7.0 s   98 m s

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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (10 of
11)

v 190 m s    98 m s   210 m s
2 2

  tan 1  98   27
 
 190 
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3.2 Equations of Kinematics in Two Dimensions (11 of
11)

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3.3 Projectile Motion (1 of 17)
Under the influence of gravity alone, an object near the
surface of the Earth will accelerate downwards at 9.80 m s 2 .

a y  9.80 m s 2 ax  0

vx  v0 x  constant

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3.3 Projectile Motion (2 of 17)
Example 3: A Falling Care Package
The airplane is moving horizontally with a constant velocity of +115 m/s at an altitude of
1050m. Determine the time required for the care package to hit the ground.

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3.3 Projectile Motion (3 of 17)

y ay vy v0y t
−1050 m
negative 9.80 meter per
9.80 m s2
second squared blank 0 m/s ?

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3.3 Projectile Motion (4 of 17)
y ay vy v0y t
−1050 m 9.80 m s
negative 9.80 meter per2
second squared Blank 0 m/s ?

y  v0 y t  a y t1
2
2
y 1
2 a yt 2

2y 2  1050 m 
t   14.6 s
ay 9.80 m s 2

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3.3 Projectile Motion (5 of 17)
Example 4: The Velocity of the Care Package
What are the magnitude and direction of the final velocity of the care
package?

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3.3 Projectile Motion (6 of 17)

y ay vy v0y t

−1050 m negative 9.80 meter per

9.80 m s2
second squared ? 0 m/s 14.6 s

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3.3 Projectile Motion (7 of 17)
y ay vy v0y t
−1050 m
negative 9.80 meter per second squared
9.80 m s 2 ? 0 m/s 14.6 s

vy  v0 y  a y t  0   9.80 m s 2  14.6 s 
 143m s
v  vx 2  vy 2

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3.3 Projectile Motion (8 of 17)
Conceptual Example 5: I Shot a Bullet into the Air...
Suppose you are driving a convertible with the top down. The car is moving to the right at constant
velocity. You point a rifle straight up into the air and fire it. In the absence of air resistance, where
would the bullet land – behind you, ahead of you, or in the barrel of the rifle?

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3.3 Projectile Motion (9 of 17)
Example 6: The Height of a Kickoff
A placekicker kicks a football at and angle of 40.0 degrees and the initial speed of the ball is 22
m/s. Ignoring air resistance, determine the maximum height that the ball attains.

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3.3 Projectile Motion (10 of 17)

v0 y  v0 sin    22 m s  sin 40  14 m s

v0 x  v0 sin    22 m s  cos 40  17 m s

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3.3 Projectile Motion (11 of 17)

y ay vy v0y t
negative 9.80 meter per second squared
? 9.80 m s 2 0 14 m/s Blank

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3.3 Projectile Motion (12 of 17)
y ay vy v0y t
negative 9.80 meter per second squared
? 9.80 m s 2 0 14 m/s Blank

v y2  v02 y
v v2
y
2
0y  2a y y y
2a y

0  14 m s 
2

y  10 m
2  9.8 m s 
2

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3.3 Projectile Motion (13 of 17)
Example 7: The Physics of the “Hang Time” of a Football
What is the time of flight between kickoff and landing?

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3.3 Projectile Motion (14 of 17)

y ay vy v0y t
negative 9.80 meter per second squared
0 9.80 m s 2 Blank 14 m/s ?

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3.3 Projectile Motion (15 of 17)
y ay vy v0y t
negative 9.80 meter per second squared
0 9.80 m s 2 Blank 14 m/s ?

y  v0 y t  a y t 1
2
2

0  14 m s  t   9.80 m s  t
1
2
2 2

0  2 14 m s    9.80 m s  t 2

t  0, t  2.9 s

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3.3 Projectile Motion (16 of 17)
Example 8: The Range of a Kickoff
Calculate the range R of the projectile.

x  v0 xt  12 a xt 2  v0 xt
 17 m s  2.9 s   49 m
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3.3 Projectile Motion (17 of 17)
Conceptual Example 9: Two Ways to Throw a Stone From the top of a cliff, a person
throws two stones. The stones have identical initial speeds, but stone 1 is thrown downward
at some angle above the horizontal and stone 2 is thrown at the same angle below the
horizontal. Neglecting air resistance, which stone, if either, strikes the water with greater
velocity?

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3.4 Relative Velocity (1 of 4)

v PG  v PT  v TG

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3.4 Relative Velocity (2 of 4)
Example 10: Crossing a River
The engine of a boat drives it across a river that
is 1800m wide. The velocity of the boat relative
to the water is 4.0m/s directed perpendicular to
the current. The velocity of the water relative to
the shore is 2.0m/s.
(a) What is the velocity of the boat relative to the
shore?
(b) How long does it take for the boat to cross
the river?

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3.4 Relative Velocity (3 of 4)

v BS  v BW  v WS

  tan 1  4.0   63
 
 2.0 

 v   4.0 m s    2.0 m s 
2 2 2 2
vBS v BW WS

 4.5 m s
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3.4 Relative Velocity (4 of 4)

1800 m
t  450 s
4.0 m s

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Copyright
Copyright © 2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that permitted in Section 117 of the 1976 United
States Act without the express written permission of the copyright owner is unlawful. Request for further information
should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for
his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or
damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.

Copyright ©2018 John Wiley & Sons, Inc 42

 Closing Time 43

• Thanks for a great first class!

• Any additional questions, stay behind or send me an email.

Break 15 minutes 44