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CERTIFICATION AND

AIRWORTHINESS
Antoine Toulemont
2016/2017
Who am I ?
• ESTACA engineer, graduated in 2015

• Previous professionnal experience at DGAC (French CAA)


and EASA (European Aviation Safety Agency)

• Head of Programme for Airworthiness at DGAC since 3 year

• Responsible for Rulemaking tasks and national regulation

• Aviation enthusiast
Objectives and main topics
• Be familiar with general terms

• Understand the relation between Initial Airworthiness,


Continuing Airworthiness and Operations

• Be able to apprehend EU regulations (principles only)

• Be professionnaly operative
Introduction
• An airworthy aircraft is…

• Compliant with initial certification at all times


• An aircraft that can be operated safely
• Compliant with EU regulation at all times

• Main actors are…

• Authority All tasks are performed in accordance with


acceptable standards, authorised personnel,
• Aircraft approved organisation, using approved
• Organisation procedures…
• Staff/Personnel
… from initial design to end of service
Common rules for aviation safety (Basic Regulation)
Regulation overview…
(EU) n°748/2012 (EU) n°1321/2014
(initial (continuing
airworthiness) airworthiness)

Certification of aircraft and related


products, parts and appliances, and TC holder Part M Part ML
of design and
production organisation
DOA (Design
Organisation Part CAMO
Approval)
continuing airworthiness of aircraft
EASA Rulemaking process and aeronautical products, parts
POA (Production and appliances, and on the approval
RMT: Rulemaking Task Organisation Part CAO
Approval) of organisations and personnel
involved in these tasks
NPA (Notice of Proposed
Amendment) Future amendments
1-3 months Part 145
(EU) n°965/2012
Opinion and Decision (issued (OPS)
by EASA)
Part 66 Part 66 L
Regulation (issued by the
Commission)

Part-T Part 147


Regulation overview…
• The first part of this course will be about :

(EU) n°1321/2014
(continuing
airworthiness)

(EU) n°965/2012
(OPS)
Part M

Part
CAMO
Scope of EU Continuing Airworthiness
• EU Continuing Airworthiness regulation establishes common technical requirements and
administrative procedures for ensuring the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including
any component for installation thereto, which are:

and and

Registered in a Member State Safety oversight has not been delegated Used by an EU operator
to a third country

and and

Not registered in a Member State Safety oversight has been delegated to a MS Used by an EU operator
Scope of EU Continuing Airworthiness
• EU Continuing Airworthiness establishes common technical requirements and
administrative procedures for ensuring the continuing airworthiness of aircraft, including
any component for installation thereto, which are:

and and

Not registered in a Member State Safety oversight has been delegated to a MS Used by an EU operator

Safety oversight by a third country Dry leased-in*

Continuing airworthiness shall be performed in accordance with Part-T


(Third country Operator) of Regulation (EU) n°1321/2014
For Licenced Air Carrier only and from August 2017

*For wet leased-in, responsibilities and oversight are on the lessor


Definitions – Link with OPS regulation
• “commercial air transport (CAT) operation” means an aircraft operation to transport
passengers, cargo or mail for remuneration or other valuable consideration;’

• CAT with licence n°1008/2008

• CAT without licence n°1008/2008

• Specialized commercial operation


(SPO commercial)

• Limited operation (non commercial)


Definitions – Link with OPS regulation
• Article 3(1) of Regulation (EU) 1008/2008:
“No undertaking established in the Community shall be permitted to carry by air passengers,
mail and/or cargo for remuneration and/or hire unless it has been granted the appropriate
operating licence.”

• Article 6(1) of Regulation (EU) 1008/2008:


“The granting and validity of an operating licence shall at any time be dependent upon the
possession of a valid AOC specifying the activities covered by the operating licence.”

Commercial Air Transport with


licence 1008/2008

CAT Licence
Definitions – Link with OPS regulation
• Article 3(3) of Regulation (EU) 1008/2008:
“Without prejudice to any other applicable provisions of Community, national, or international
law, the following categories of air services shall not be subject to the requirement to hold a
valid operating licence:
(a) air services performed by non-power-driven aircraft and/or ultralight power-driven aircraft;
and
(b) local flights. »

Commercial Air Transport


without licence 1008/2008
Definitions – Link with OPS regulation
• Article 2 of Regulation (EU) 1321/2014 and Annex VIII of Regulation (EU) n°965/2012:

“Specialized operation is an operation where the aircraft is used for specialised activities such
as agriculture, construction, photography, surveying, observation and patrol, aerial
advertisement.”

Specialized Commercial Operation

« Limited operations means the operations of other-than-complex motor-powered aircraft for


cost shared flights, competition flights or flying displays, introductory flights, parachute
dropping, sailplane towing or aerobatic flights. They are not considered as CAT operations or
commercial specialised operations »

Non commercial Operation


Definitions – Link with Part 21
• A Complex Motor-Powered Aircraft (CMPA) is:
• an aeroplane:
— with a maximum certificated take-off mass exceeding 5 700 kg, or
— certificated for a maximum passenger seating configuration of more than nineteen, or
— certificated for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots, or
— equipped with (a) turbojet engine(s) or more than one turboprop engine,
or
• a helicopter certificated:
— for a maximum take-off mass exceeding 3 175 kg, or
— for a maximum passenger seating configuration of more than nine, or
— for operation with a minimum crew of at least two pilots,
or
• a tilt rotor aircraft;
Note: Bi-turboprop less than
5700kg are not considered as
CMPA
Competent Authority

Qualified entity*

European Level National Level Third country Level

• Draft rules for the • Continuing airworthiness • Continuing airworthiness


Commission oversight and issuance oversight of third country
• Responsible for TC holders of ARC registered aircraft
• Oversight of EU national • Oversight of national • Must comply with
competent authorities organisation (M/F, Part essential requirements of
• Oversight of organisation 145, Part 147) Basic Regulation (Article
outside EU • Approval of national 6 and Annex IV)
AMPs (aircraft nationally
registered)
*Upon « Arrêté du 26 juillet 2016 relatif à l’habilitation de la société OSAC »
Responsibilities
Operator of the aircraft

Owner of the aircraft

CAMO (Part M/G) managing the aircraft

Maintenance organisation (Part 145 or Part M/F)


Responsibilities

Owner is responsible for the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft

Operator of the aircraft

shall ensure that no flight takes place unless:

1. the aircraft is maintained in an airworthy condition, and;


2. any operational and emergency equipment fitted is correctly installed and serviceable or clearly
identified as unserviceable, and;
3. the airworthiness certificate (CofA, issued in accordance with Part 21) remains valid, and;
4. the maintenance of aircraft is performed in accordance with the maintenance programme
Responsibilities
When the aircraft is leased :

Responsibilities of IF The lessee is


the owner are stipulated on the Detailed in the
transferred to the registration OR leasing contract
lessee document

The lessee is « legally » the owner

• Any person or organisation performing maintenance shall be responsible


for the tasks performed.
• The pilot-in-command or, in the case of commercial air transport, the
operator shall be responsible for the satisfactory accomplishment of the
pre-flight inspection.

No need be carried out by an approved maintenance


organisation or by Part- 66 certifying staff
Responsibilities
Commercial Air Transport with licence 1008/2008

Commercial operation without licence with CMPA


- Commercial SPO
- TAC without licence
- Training flights (by Approved Training Organisation)

Non-commercial operation with CMPA

Commercial operation with non-CMPA

Non-commercial operation (e.g limited operation) with non-CMPA


Responsibilities
Commercial Air Transport with licence 1008/2008

Transfer of responsibilities

owner

The operator shall be approved in


accordance with Part M/G
together with the CTA licence
and (no contractance)

The operator shall be


Operator approved in accordance with
Part 145 (can be contracted)
Responsibilities
Commercial operation without licence with CMPA
- Commercial SPO
- TAC without licence
- Training flights (by Approved Training Organisation)

Transfer of responsibilities

owner

The operator shall have a Part


M/G (can be contracted)

and
The Part M/G shall be
Operator approved in accordance with
Part 145 (can be contracted)
Responsibilities
Non-commercial operation with CMPA

The operator shall have a Part


M/G (can be contracted)

and
owner
The Part M/G shall be
approved in accordance with
Part 145 (can be contracted)
Responsibilities
Commercial operation with non-CMPA

Transfer of responsibilities

owner

The operator shall have a Part


M/G (can be contracted)

and

The Part M/G shall be


Operator approved in accordance with
Part 145 or Part M/F (can be
contracted)
Responsibilities
Non-commercial operation (e.g limited operation) with non-CMPA

Continuing airworthiness can be


managed by a Part M/G

Continuing airworthiness can be


and
managed by the owner
owner

Maintenance by Part 145 or


Part M/F or independant
Part 66 or by the owner (but
limited tasks)
Responsibilities

The owner/operator shall ensure that any person authorised by the


competent authority is granted access to any of its facilities, aircraft or
documents related to its activities, including any subcontracted activities

Sub-contractors are then included !


Management of Airworthiness
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of both operational and emergency
equipment shall be ensured by:

1. the accomplishment of pre-flight inspections;

2. the rectification in accordance with data specified in point M.A.304 and/or point M.A.401, as
applicable, of any defect and damage affecting safe operation taking into account, the minimum
equipment list (MEL) and configuration deviation list, when applicable;
M.A.304 (modif or repair) M.A.401 (maintenance data)

• Approved data (by EASA) • Any applicable requirement,


• Approved data (by a Part 21J, DOA) procedure, standard or information
• Data included in CS-STAN (21.A.90B or issued by the competent authority or
21.A.431B) the Agency,
• Any AD (Airworthiness Directive)
• Approved data by Part 21J (DOA)
Management of Airworthiness
MEL example:
Management of Airworthiness
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of both operational and emergency
equipment shall be ensured by:

• the accomplishment of pre-flight inspections;

• the rectification in accordance with data specified in point M.A.304 and/or point M.A.401, as
applicable, of any defect and damage affecting safe operation taking into account, the minimum
equipment list (MEL) and configuration deviation list, when applicable;

Analysis of the effectiveness of the approved


maintenance programme (AMP) with regard to:
And/or - Spares
- Established defects
- Malfunctions and damage
- Amend the AMP accordingly
Management of Airworthiness
The aircraft continuing airworthiness and the serviceability of both operational and emergency
equipment shall be ensured by:

• the accomplishment of all maintenance, in accordance with the aircraft maintenance


programme;

• the accomplishment of any applicable:


(i) airworthiness directive;
(ii) operational directive with a continuing airworthiness impact;
(iii) continued airworthiness requirement established by the Agency (EASA);
(iv) measures mandated by the competent authority in immediate reaction to a safety problem;

• for non-mandatory modifications and/or


And/or inspections, the establishment of an
embodiment policy (non mandatory
maintenance intervals or changes)
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
• Developped by the CAMO
• Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordance with an aircraft maintenance
programme :

- The aircraft maintenance programme and any subsequent amendments shall be approved by the
competent authority.

Indirect approval if:


Oversight of the CAMO by
Aircraft is managed by a
+ Approved procedure* + the Authority of
CAMO
registration

*Approved by the competent Authority as part of the CAME (to be seen later in this presentation)
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordance with an aircraft maintenance
programme :

• the aircraft maintenance programme must establish compliance with instructions issued by the
competent authority

Competent Authority

• Authority of registration
• EASA
• AD Qualified
• Operational requirements (emergency entity

and safety)
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordance with an aircraft maintenance
programme :

• instructions for continuing airworthiness

Holder of TC/RTC/ETSO/STC*

• AMM (Aircraft Maintenance Manual)


• EMM (Engine Maintenance Manual
• APUMM (APU Maintenance Manual)
• MMS (Supplemental Maintenance Manual)
• STC/combination of modifications
• ICA (Instruction for Continuing Airworthiness)

*Type Certificate/Restricted Type Certificate/European Technical Standard Order/Supplemental Type Certificate


The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordance with an aircraft maintenance programme :

• additional or alternative instructions proposed by the owner or the continuing airworthiness management
organisation

Owner/operator or Part M/G


• Approved via the AMP
• except for intervals of safety related tasks which may
be escalated, subject to sufficient reviews carried
out and only when subject to direct approval

 Escalation of the interval for certain tasks based on reliability data or other
supporting information. The escalation of these tasks is directly approved by
the competent authority, except in the case of ALIs (Airworthiness Limitations),
which are approved by the Agency.
 More restrictive intervals than those proposed by the TC holder as a result of
the reliability data or because of a more stringent operational environment.
 Additional tasks at the discretion of the operator
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
Maintenance of each aircraft shall be organised in accordance with an aircraft maintenance programme :

• For complex motor-powered aircraft, when the maintenance programme is based on maintenance
steering group logic or on condition monitoring, the aircraft maintenance programme shall include a
reliability programme

+ Reliability programme

MSG-3 logic

Guide G-41-05 (reliability programme)


on OSAC website
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
The MSG3 logic:

OEM Maintenance team


• Identify Maintenance and Structural MSG3 Analysis
Significant Items (MSI, SSI)
• Perform MSG3 analysis

Working Groups (WG)


Operators – Manufacturer – Engine/prop manufacturers – Authority
observers
Initial Maintenance
Program Proposal Industry Steering Committee
Chairman form industry – Airframe manufacturer – Engine/prop
manufacturer
Develops Maintenance Plan Proposal

Maintenance Review Board


Chief - Airworthiness Regulator – Proposed maintenance
Type MPD/MRB report EASA and FAA representation program
Review and approve
Initial Maintenance program
The Aircraft Maintenance Programme (AMP)
The aircraft maintenance programme shall be subject to periodic reviews and amended accordingly when
necessary. These reviews shall ensure that :

• the programme continues to be valid in light of the operating experience and,

• instructions from the competent authority whilst taking into account new and/or modified maintenance
instructions promulgated by the type certificate and supplementary type certificate holders and any other
organisation that publishes such data in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.

To be reviewed at least annually

Case study: ELA1 and ELA2 maintenance programme / Part ML

If time permitting…
Airworthiness Directive (AD)
Any applicable airworthiness directive must be carried out within the requirements of that airworthiness
directive, unless otherwise specified by the Agency
Continuing airworthiness records
• The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall consist of:

1. an aircraft logbook, engine logbook(s) or engine module log cards, propeller logbook(s) and log cards for
any service life limited component as appropriate, and,

2. For commercial air transport or by the Member State for commercial operations other than commercial air
transport, the operator's technical log.

• The aircraft type and registration mark, the date, together with total flight time and/or flight cycles and/or
landings, as appropriate, shall be entered in the aircraft logbooks.

CAW records + operator's technical log


Continuing airworthiness records
The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall contain the current:

1. status of airworthiness directives and measures mandated by the competent authority in


immediate reaction to a safety problem;

2. status of modifications and repairs;


- List of Ads
3. status of compliance with maintenance programme; - Reason if the AD is not
applicable
4. status of service life limited components; - Record of application
date, hour/cycle (last
5. mass and balance report; application repetitive AD),
choosen method
6. list of deferred maintenance.
Continuing airworthiness records
The aircraft continuing airworthiness records shall contain the current:
 engine,
EASA Form 1 or equivalent, the following information relevant to any  propeller,
component installed shall be entered in the appropriate log card:  engine module or
 service life-limited
component
1. identification of the component; and

2. the type, serial number and registration, as appropriate, of the aircraft,


engine, propeller, engine module or service life-limited component to which
the particular component has been fitted, along with the reference to the
installation and removal of the component; and

3. the date together with the component's accumulated total flight time
and/or flight cycles and/or landings and/or calendar time, as appropriate;
and
Operator’s technical log
In the case of commercial operation an operator shall use an aircraft technical log
system containing the following information for each aircraft:

1. information about each flight, necessary to ensure continued flight safety, and;

2. the current aircraft certificate of release to service, and;

3. the current maintenance statement giving the aircraft maintenance status of what
scheduled and out of phase maintenance is next due except that the competent
authority may agree to the maintenance statement being kept elsewhere, and;

4. all outstanding deferred defects rectifications that affect the operation of the aircraft,
and;

5. any necessary guidance instructions on maintenance support arrangements.


Operator’s technical log
Operator’s technical log
• Is kept in the Tech log
• Is removed by PIC (Pilot In
Command) and kept on the ground

• Kept by the maintenance


organisation, if applicable

• Cabin defects, kept by the


maintenance organisation
• Never used for defects related to
airworthiness
Role of the CAMO (Part M/G)
For every aircraft managed, the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation shall:
1. develop and control a maintenance programme for the aircraft managed including any
applicable reliability programme,

2. Present the aircraft maintenance programme and its amendments to the competent
authority for approval, unless covered by an indirect approval procedure and provide a copy of
the programme to the owner of aircraft not involved in commercial air transport,

3. manage the approval of modification and repairs,

4. ensure that all maintenance is carried out in accordance with the approved maintenance
programme and released [in accordance with applicable rules]

5. ensure that all applicable airworthiness directives and operational directives with a
continuing airworthiness impact, are applied,
Role of the CAMO (Part M/G)
For every aircraft managed, the approved continuing airworthiness management organisation shall:

6. ensure that all defects discovered during scheduled maintenance or reported are corrected
by an appropriately approved maintenance organisation,

7. ensure that the aircraft is taken to an appropriately approved maintenance organisation


whenever necessary,

8. coordinate scheduled maintenance, the application of airworthiness directives, the


replacement of service life limited parts, and component inspection to ensure the work is
carried out properly,

9. manage and archive all continuing airworthiness records and/or operator's technical log.

10. ensure that the mass and balance statement reflects the current status of the aircraft.
The CAMO (Part M/G)
The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall provide a continuing airworthiness
management exposition (CAME)

Content and organisation of the CAME:

 Part 0 General organisation


 Part 1 Continuing airworthiness procedures
 Part 2 Quality system or organisational review (as applicable)
 Part 3 Contracted maintenance (for operators) – management of maintenance (liaison with maintenance
organisations in the case of other than commercial air transport operators)
 Part 4 Airworthiness review procedures (if applicable)

• The continuing airworthiness management exposition and its amendments shall be approved by
the competent authority.
• Minor amendments to the exposition may be approved indirectly through an indirect approval
procedure. The indirect approval procedure shall define the minor amendment eligible
The CAMO (Part M/G)
The continuing airworthiness management organisation shall provide a continuing airworthiness
management exposition (CAME) and shall contain:

1. a statement signed by the accountable manager to confirm that the organisation will work in
accordance with this Part and the exposition at all times

It must be signed by the Accountable Manager


The CAMO (Part M/G)
The organisation shall appoint: Has corporate authority for ensuring that all the operations
of the operator can be financed and carried out to the
standard required for the issue of an air operator's
- An Accountable Manager certificate.

- A person or group of persons with the


Is a nominated post holder.
responsibility of ensuring that the organisation is This person shall be responsible for
always in compliance with regulation (Quality the management and supervision of
continuing airworthiness activities
Manager)

- For organisations extending airworthiness review


certificates, persons authorised to do so, subject
to approval by the competent authority.

- For organisations issuing Permit to Fly, persons


authorised to do so, subject to approval by the
competent authority
The CAMO (Part M/G)
Organisation scheme examples:

Accountable
Accountable manager
Manager

Quality
Quality
Continuing airworthiness
manager
Airworthiness
Operations Finance
Management Repair Technical
Contracts Planning
management office

Airframe Avionics Engine

The continuing airworthiness functions may be divided under individual managers or


combined in nearly any number of ways.
Quality system is in place it should be independent from the other functions.
The CAMO (Part M/G)
The accountable manager:

• Is normally intended to mean the chief executive officer of the CAMO,


who by virtue of position has overall (including in particular financial)
responsibility for running the organisation.

• May be the accountable manager for more than one organisation and is
not required to be knowledgeable on technical matters.

• When not the chief executive officer, the competent authority will need
to be assured that such an accountable manager has direct access to the
chief executive officer and has a sufficiency of continuing airworthiness
funding allocation

• Need to be approved by the Competent Authority (Form 4)


The CAMO (Part M/G)
A person or group of persons with the responsibility of ensuring that the
organisation is always in compliance with regulation:

• when it is manifest that he/she is the only available competent person in


a position to exercise this function, within a practical working distance
from the operator’s offices

• This paragraph only applies to contracted maintenance and therefore


does not affect situations where the organisation approved under Part-
145 and the operator are the same organisation

• Need to be indepedant

• Need to be approved by the Competent Authority (Form 4)


The Airworthiness review process
An airworthiness review of the aircraft and its continuing airworthiness records shall be carried
out periodically:

- To ensure the validity of the aircraft airworthiness certificate (CofA)


- To review the AMP and associated documentation
- To inspect the aircraft physically

Documented Physical
+
review review
Sampling

Airworthiness
Can be issued or extended Review Certificate
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?

A CAMO registered in one of the Member States may, additionally, be approved to carry out
airworthiness reviews and:

- issue the related airworthiness review certificate and extend it in due time under the
conditions of points M.A.901(c)2 or M.A.901(e)2; and,

- issue a recommendation for the airworthiness review to the competent authority of the
Member State of registry.

Called:
« Part M/G+I » or « CAMO+ » or « M.A.711(b) privileges »
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?

The Part M/G+I shall have “Certifying Staff” to perform Airworthiness reviews, upon following
condition:

- Certifying staff (Part-66), on the type of aircraft


- 3 years of experience
- Independent of the continuing airworthiness process or have a full authority on it
- Knowledge of Part M and organisation’s procedures
- Formally approved by the competent Authority (after an airworthiness review under
supervision)
- Have performed at least 1 airworthiness review during the last 12 months
The Airworthiness review process
An airworthiness review of the aircraft and its continuing airworthiness records shall be carried
out periodically:

- An Airworthiness Review Certificate (ARC) is valid for 1 year


- Can be extended with conditions
- Becomes invalid if suspended or revoked, the CofA suspended or revoked,
the aircraft is not registered, the TC is suspended or revoked

Controlled environment

- Continuously managed during the previous 12 months by


unique CAMO,and;
- Has been maintained for the previous 12 months by an
approved maintenance organisation (Part 145 or Part M/F
NPA 2015-17 « Airworthiness review process »:
« Unique » deleted, replaced by « any » CAMO
The Airworthiness review process
An airworthiness review of the aircraft and its continuing airworthiness records shall be carried
out periodically:
Basic controlled environment scheme

Issuance of the First extension Second Issuance of the


ARC (t) (t+1 an) extension ARC (t+3 ans)
(t+1 an)

Flexibility provisions in controlled environment


No flights

Issuance of the 30 days Second 90 days Issuance of the


First extension anticipation
ARC (t) anticipation (t+1 an) extension ARC (t+3 ans)
max (t+1 an) max
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?
The Part M/G+I managing the
continuing airworthiness of the
Licence n°1008/2008 aircraft may:

Controlled environment
or
- issue an airworthiness
MTOM > 2730kg review certificate

and - for the airworthiness review


certificates it has issued,
Part M/G+I extend twice the validity of
the airworthiness review
certificate for a period of
one year each time

Special privilege: the CAMO managing the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft, may extend
twice for a period of one year each time the validity of an airworthiness review certificate that
has been issued by the competent authority or by another CAMO
The Airworthiness review process
The CAMO managing the
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?
continuing airworthiness of the
aircraft may (via an
Licence n°1008/2008 appropriatly approved Part

Controlled environment
M/G+I):
or
- issue a recommendation
MTOM > 2730kg after an airworthiness
review
and

Part M/G+I The competent authority shall:

- issue the ARC based on the


recommendation
The Airworthiness review process
The Part M/G+I managing the
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?
continuing airworthiness of the
aircraft may:
Licence n°1008/2008

Controlled environment
- issue a recommendation
or after an airworthiness
review
MTOM > 2730kg

and
The competent authority shall:
Part M/G+I
- issue the ARC based on the
recommendation

A recommendation should contain at least : General information (organisation, date, etc…) –


Aircraft information (registration, type, TCH, etc…) – Associated documentation (registration
document, airworthiness review application, etc…) – Aircraft status – Physical review –
Findings – Airworthiness review staff declaration
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?
Any Part M/G+I can:
CAT without licence

Controlled environment
- issue the ARC after an
and airworthiness review

MTOM <= 2730kg

and
If the Part M/G+I is actually
managing the aircraft:
Part M/G+I
- issue and extend the ARC

Special privilege: the CAMO managing the continuing airworthiness of the aircraft, may extend
twice for a period of one year each time the validity of an airworthiness review certificate that
has been issued by the competent authority or by another CAMO
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?

Non-commercial
The Part 145 or Part M/F, if
and
appropriatly approved, may:
MTOM <= 2000kg
- issue the ARC after an
and airworthiness review
But no extension !
Part 145 or Part M/F

Case study: ELA1 and ELA2 maintenance programme / Part ML

If time permitting…
The Airworthiness review process
Who can issue or extend the ARC ?
The competent Authority
shall carry out the
Potential safety threat airworthiness review and
issue the airworthiness
or review certificate itself
Aircraft managed by a
foreign CAMO (located in
The competent Authority
a third country)
may carry out the
or airworthiness review and
issue the airworthiness
for all balloons and any review certificate itself
other aircraft of 2 730 kg
MTOM and below, if it is
requested by the owner;
Maintenance data
The person or organisation maintaining an aircraft shall have access to and use only applicable
current maintenance data in the performance of maintenance including modifications and
repairs, it includes:

1. any applicable requirement, procedure, standard or information issued by the competent


authority or the Agency,

2. any applicable airworthiness directive,

3. applicable instructions for continuing airworthiness (ICAs), issued by type certificate holders,
supplementary type certificate holders and any other organisation that publishes such data
(TC/STC/Mod. Holders)

4. any applicable data issued in accordance with point 145.A.45(d).

Maintenance data of the Part 145


Certification Maintenance Requirements (CMR)
A CMR is a required periodic scheduled maintenance task, established during the design
certification of the aeroplane systems as an operating limitation of the type certificate (TC) or
supplemental type certificate (STC).

- The CMRs are a subset of the Instructions for Continued Airworthiness (ICA) identified during the
certification process. A CMRs usually results from a formal, numerical analysis conducted to show
compliance with the requirements applicable to catastrophic and hazardous failure conditions,

- There are two types of CMRs (one star and two star). Compliance may also result from a
qualitative, engineering judgment-based analysis.
Certification Maintenance Requirements (CMR)

 ALS: Airworthiness
Limitation Section
 CCMR: Candidate
Certification
Maintenance
requirement
 ISC: Industry Steering
Committee
 TCDS: Type Certificate
data sheet
Aircraft defects
How to assess an aircraft defect ?

Who can assess an aircraft defect ?


 Certifying staff Part 145 or Part
M/F
 Independent Certifying staff
 MEL (no evaluation)

hazards seriously the hazards seriously the


flight safety flight safety

Identification date and within


shall be rectified shall be rectified limits specified in the
before further flight as soon as practicable maintenance data and/or
with MEL
If not rectified

Aircraft record and entry in the


technical log, if applicable
G-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

When transferring an aircraft registration within the EU, the applicant shall:

1. inform the former Member State in which Member State it will be


registered, then;

2. apply to the new Member State for the issuance of a new


airworthiness certificate in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.

The former airworthiness review certificate shall remain valid until its
expiry date at the condition that the aircraft remains on the aircraft
register of a Member State

F-…. registered
RA-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

When importing* an aircraft onto a Member State register from a third


country, the applicant shall:

1. apply to the Member State of registry for the issuance of a new


airworthiness certificate in accordance with Annex I (Part-21) to
Regulation (EU) No 748/2012; and
2. for aircraft other than new, have a airworthiness review carried out
satisfactorily; and
3. have all maintenance carried out to comply with the approved
maintenance programme in accordance

*Import means an aircraft import between a third country and a


Member State
F-…. registered
RA-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

When satisfied that the aircraft is in compliance with the relevant


requirements, the CAMO or Part 145, if applicable, shall send a documented
recommendation for the issuance of an airworthiness review certificate to the
Member State of registry.

The owner shall allow access to the aircraft for inspection by the Member State
of registry.

A new airworthiness certificate will be issued by the Member State of


registry when it is satisfied the aircraft complies with the prescriptions of
Annex I (Part-21) to Regulation (EU) No 748/2012.

The Member State shall also issue the airworthiness review certificate
valid normally for one year unless the Member State has safety reason to
limit the validity.
F-…. registered
RA-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

A documented recommendation for the issuance of an airworthiness review


certificate to the Member State of registry :

Aircraft information
— aircraft assigned registration;
— state of manufacturer;
— previous registration;
— export certificate number;
— TC and TC data sheet numbers;
— noise and emissions TC and TC data sheet numbers;
— comparison of prior maintenance programme with the proposed
new maintenance programme.

F-…. registered
RA-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

A documented recommendation for the issuance of an airworthiness review


certificate to the Member State of registry :

Documents accompanying the recommendation


— copy of the application;
— original export certificate;
— copy of the approvals of the flight manual and its supplements;
— list of ADs incorporated up to the latest published issue;
— proposed new maintenance programme;
— status of all service life limited components;
— the valid weight and centre of gravity schedule reflecting the current
configuration of the aircraft, and;
— Part-21 approval reference for all modifications and repairs.

F-…. registered
RA-…. registered
Import of aircraft
Review of the import process

A documented recommendation for the issuance of an airworthiness review


certificate to the Member State of registry :

Maintenance
— a copy of the work packages requested by the CAMO including
details of any bridging check to ensure all the necessary
maintenance has been carried out.

Aircraft check flight


— a copy of the check flight report.

F-…. registered
End of the first session
Review of the first session

- An airworthy aircraft is…


i on
-
- What are the main OPS categories ?
i s s
Who is concerned by EU Regulation on Continuing Airworthiness ?

- What is a CMPA ?
m m
-
-
C o
What are the differents Competent Authorities ?
How responsibilities are dealed with a leasing contract ?
-
- a n
Which data shall be used for a repair or a modification ?
e
What are the privileges of the CAMO ?
-
ro p
What is an AMP and what are the main steps to develop it ?
-
- E u
What is an ARC and its role within the continuing airworthiness system ?
What is a “controlled environment” ?
- What is the difference between a transfer and an import of an aircraft ?
- Optional: How could you describe the continuing airworthiness system with a scheme ?
Begining of the second session

Part 145

Maintenance
organisation
Common rules for aviation safety (Basic Regulation)
Regulation overview…
(EU) n°748/2012 (EU) n°1321/2014
(initial (continuing
airworthiness) airworthiness)

Certification of aircraft and related


products, parts and appliances, and TC holder Part M Part ML
of design and
production organisation
DOA (Design
Organisation Part CAMO
Approval)
continuing airworthiness of aircraft
and aeronautical products, parts
POA (Production and appliances, and on the approval
Organisation Part CAO
Approval) of organisations and personnel
involved in these tasks

Future amendments
Part 145
(EU) n°965/2012
(OPS)

Part 66 Part 66 L

Part-T Part 147


Regulation overview…
• This course will be about :

(EU) n°1321/2014
(continuing
airworthiness)

Part M

Part 145
Introduction
• A maintenance task is…
Any one or combination of the following activities:
• Overhaul
• Repair
• Defect rectification of an aircraft or component
• Inspection
All tasks are performed in accordance with
• Replacement acceptable standards, authorised personnel,
• Modification approved organisation, using approved
procedures…
With the exception of pre-flight
… from initial design to end of service
inspection
Introduction
• A principal place of business is…

The head office or the registered office of the undertaking within which
the principal financial functions and operational control of the activities
referred to in this Regulation (n°1321/2014) are exercised.

• Main actors are…


All tasks are performed in accordance with
- Authority acceptable standards, authorised personnel,
approved organisation, using approved
- Aircraft procedures…
- Organisation
- Staff/Personnel … from initial design to end of service
Introduction
EASA

European regulations

National Aviation Authority


Enforcing regulation

Part 21 Part M

Accountable managers
Organisation Manual
MOC, MOP MOE, CAME
Personnel
Procedures
AD, SB, AMM Procedures + job card
The operator/owner/CAMO

The manufacturer / Type Certificate The operator or the owner is


Holder (TCH) responsible for managing the
continuing airworthiness of
Responsible for the initial design and the aircraft from the initial
the production, in accordance with entry to the end of service
applicable regulation for initial
airworthiness
Ground operation

Actors in Flight operation


Airworthiness
Maintenance
CRS
The maintenance organisation / Part 145 (Certificate
for Release to
Service)
Responsible for the performance of the
maintenance, according to the job tasks
issued by the operator/CAMO
Design & Production

Initial design Part 21 J

Certification CS 22/23/25/27/29…
(Type Certificate)

Production Part 21 G
(Individual CofA)

Operation

Continuing Airworthiness Part M/G + I


(ARC)
Lifetime of the
Maintenance aircraft
Part 145
(CRS)
Scope
• Part 145 establishes the requirements to be met by an
organisation to qualify for the issue or continuation of an
approval for the maintenance of aircraft and components.

• “Line Maintenance” should be understood as any maintenance that is


carried out before flight to ensure that the aircraft is fit for the intended
flight.

• Maintenance task falling outside Line Maintenance is considered as


« Base Maintenance »
Scope
• “Line Maintenance” may include:

— Trouble shooting.
— Defect rectification.
— Component replacement with use of external test equipment if required.
Component replacement may include components such as engines and
propellers.
— Scheduled maintenance and/or checks including visual inspections that
will detect obvious unsatisfactory conditions/discrepancies but do not require
extensive in depth inspection. It may also include internal structure, systems
and powerplant items which are visible through quick opening access
panels/doors.
— Minor repairs and modifications which do not require extensive
disassembly and can be accomplished by simple means.
Scope
• For organisation having their principal place of business in a
Member State but with satellite facilities, sub contractors or line
stations :

Such facilities may be included in the approval without being identified


on the approval certificate subject to the maintenance organisation
exposition identifying the facilities and containing procedures to
control such facilities and the competent authority being satisfied that
they form an integral part of the approved maintenance organisation.
Terms of Approval
• The organisation shall specify the scope of work deemed to
constitute approval in its exposition (Appendix IV to Annex I (Part-M)
contains a table of all classes and ratings).
Terms of Approval
• A category A class rating means that the approved maintenance
organisation may carry out maintenance on the aircraft and any
component (including engines and/or Auxiliary Power Units (APUs),
in accordance with aircraft maintenance data or, if agreed by the
competent authority, in accordance with component maintenance
data, only whilst such components are fitted to the aircraft.

Part 145 Installed


APU

class A
Maintenance Installed Installed
engine

on the aircraft components


Terms of Approval
• Nevertheless, such A-rated approved maintenance organisation
may temporarily remove a component for maintenance, in order
to improve access to that component, except when such removal
generates the need for additional maintenance not eligible for the
provisions of this point.

• This will be subject to a control procedure in the maintenance


organisation exposition to be approved by the competent authority.
The limitation section will specify the scope of such maintenance
thereby indicating the extent of approval.
Terms of Approval
• A category B class rating means that the approved maintenance
organisation may carry out maintenance on the uninstalled engine
and/or APU and engine and/or APU components, in accordance
with engine and/or APU maintenance data or, if agreed by the
competent authority, in accordance with component maintenance
data, only whilst such components are fitted to the engine and/or
APU.
Non
installed
Part 145 APU

Class B Non
installed
engine
Terms of Approval
• Nevertheless, such B-rated approved maintenance organisation
may temporarily remove a component for maintenance, in order
to improve access to that component, except when such removal
generates the need for additional maintenance not eligible for the
provisions of this point.
• The limitation section will specify the scope of such maintenance
thereby indicating the extent of approval. A maintenance
organisation approved with a category B class rating may also
carry out maintenance on an installed engine during ‘base’ and
‘line’ maintenance subject to a control procedure in the
maintenance organisation exposition to be approved by the
competent authority.
• The maintenance organisation exposition scope of work shall
reflect such activity where permitted by the competent authority.
Terms of Approval
• A category C class rating means that the approved maintenance
organisation may carry out maintenance on uninstalled
components (excluding engines and APUs) intended for fitment
to the aircraft or engine/APU. The limitation section will specify the
scope of such maintenance thereby indicating the extent of
approval.

Part 145
Uninstalled components
class C
Terms of Approval
• A category D class rating is a self contained class rating not
necessarily related to a specific aircraft, engine or other component.
The D1 — Non Destructive Testing (NDT) rating is only necessary
for an approved maintenance organisation that carries out NDT as a
particular task for another organisation.

Part 145
Non Destructive Tests
class D
Terms of Approval
• In the case of maintenance organisations (Part-145), category A
class ratings are subdivided into ‘Base’ or ‘Line’ maintenance.

Approved for « Base » Approved for « Line »


maintenance maintenance

It should be noted
that a ‘Line’ facility
located at a main
base facility requires
a ‘Line’
maintenance
approval.
Terms of Approval
• When reference is made to series, type and group in the limitation
section of class A and B,
• series means a specific type series such as Airbus 300 or 310 or
319 or Boeing 737-300 series or RB211-524 series or Cessna 150
or Cessna 172 or Beech 55 series or continental O-200 series etc;
• type means a specific type or model such as Airbus 310-240 type or
RB 211- 524 B4 type or Cessna 172RG type; any number of series
or types may be quoted;
• group means for example Cessna single piston engine aircraft or
Lycoming non-supercharged piston engines etc.
Facilities
The organisation shall ensure that:
• Facilities are provided appropriate for all planned work,
ensuring in particular, protection from the weather elements.
Specialised workshops and bays are segregated as
appropriate, to ensure that environmental and work area
contamination is unlikely to occur.

Quality management Technical Planned


Aircraft records
maintenance
repair
Facilities Line
Main base maintenance

Workshop Hangars Offices Storage

Aircraft components
Available Personnel for:
Segregated (planning - Managers
- Clean, well-
inspection) - Planning
ventilated,
- Control
maintained at a
- Large enough - APRS
constant dry
- Protection against weather elements temperature
(temperature, moisture, hail, ice, - Should remain
snow…) packaged
- Clean surfaces (no dust) - Segregation

- Noise shall not distract personnel from carrying out inspection tasks
- Temperatures must be maintained such that personnel can carry out required
tasks without undue discomfort.
Facilities
• Secure storage facilities are provided for components,
equipment, tools and material. Storage conditions ensure
segregation of serviceable components and material from
unserviceable aircraft components, material, equipment and
tools.
• The conditions of storage are in accordance with the
manufacturer's instructions to prevent deterioration and
damage of stored items.
• Access to storage facilities is restricted to authorised
personnel.
Facilities
Serviceable component:
Serviceable components: to
- Technical compliance repair
- Regulatory compliance
- Documentary compliance Non serviceable components:
- Adequate storage conditions Disputed

Non serviceable components:


Discarded

Segregated zone
Certification of maintenance
A certificate of release to service (CRS) shall be issued :
• by appropriately authorised certifying staff on behalf of
the organisation ;
• when it has been verified that all maintenance ordered has
been properly carried out by the organisation in accordance
with the procedures;
• taking into account the availability and use of the
maintenance data ; and
• that there are no non-compliances which are known to
endanger flight safety.
Certification of maintenance
’Endangers the flight safety’ means any instances where safe operation
could not be assured or which could lead to an unsafe condition.

It typically includes, but is not limited to :


- significant cracking,
- deformation,
- corrosion or failure of primary structure,
- any evidence of burning,
- electrical arcing,
- significant hydraulic fluid or fuel leakage
- and any emergency system or total system failure.
- An airworthiness directive overdue for compliance is also considered a
hazard to flight safety.
Certification of maintenance
A certificate of release to service shall be issued
before flight at the completion of any
maintenance.
Certification of maintenance
The certificate of release to service should contain the following
statement:
‘Certifies that the work specified, except as otherwise specified, was
carried out in accordance with Part-145 and in respect to that work the
aircraft/aircraft component is considered ready for release to service’.

Note: Reference should also be made to the EASA Part-145 approval


number (It is acceptable to use an alternate abbreviated certificate of
release to service consisting of the following statement ‘Part-145
release to service’ instead of the full certification statement)
Certification of maintenance
By derogation, when the organisation is unable to complete all
maintenance ordered :
• It may issue a certificate of release to service within the approved
aircraft limitations.
• The organisation shall enter such fact in the aircraft certificate of
release to service before the issue of such certificate.
Certification of maintenance
By derogation, when an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the
main line station or main maintenance base due to the non-availability of a
component with the appropriate release certificate:

• it is permissible to temporarily fit a component without the appropriate


release certificate for a maximum of 30 flight hours or until the aircraft
first returns to the main line station or main maintenance base, whichever is
the sooner,
• subject to the aircraft operator agreement and said component having
a suitable release certificate but otherwise in compliance with all
applicable maintenance and operational requirements.
• Such components shall be removed by the above prescribed time limit
unless an appropriate release certificate has been obtained in the
meantime
Temporary
until the first
CRS for return to a
30hrs base
Acceptance of components
All components shall be classified and appropriately segregated
into the following categories:
• Components which are in a satisfactory condition,
released on an EASA Form 1 or equivalent and marked in
accordance with Part 21 (Subpart Q)
Acceptance of components

Prior to installation of a component, the organisation shall ensure that


the particular component is eligible to be fitted when different
modification and/or airworthiness directive standards may be applicable.

The organisation may fabricate a restricted range of parts to be used in


the course of undergoing work within its own facilities provided
procedures are identified
Acceptance of components
All components shall be classified and appropriately segregated into the
following categories:

• Unserviceable components which shall be maintained in accordance


with this section
• Unsalvageable components which have reached certified life limit or
contain a non-repairable defect. It shall be classified as unsalvageable
and shall not be permitted to re-enter the component supply system
unless certified life limits have been extended or a repair solution has
been approved.
Acceptance of components
All components shall be classified and appropriately segregated
into the following categories:
• Standard parts used on an aircraft, engine, propeller or
other aircraft component when specified in the manufacturer's
illustrated parts catalogue and/or the maintenance data.
• Material both raw and consumable used in the course of
maintenance when the organisation is satisfied that the
material meets the required specification and has appropriate
traceability.
Note : All material must be
accompanied by
documentation clearly relating
to the particular material and
containing a conformity to
specification statement plus
both the manufacturing and
supplier source.
Acceptance of components
A document equivalent to an EASA Form 1 may be:
• a release document issued by an organisation under the terms of a
bilateral agreement signed by the European Community;
• a release document issued by an organisation approved under the terms of
a JAA bilateral agreement until superseded by the corresponding
agreement signed by the European Community;
• in the case of new aircraft components that were released from
manufacturing prior to the Part-21 compliance date the component
should be accompanied by a JAA Form One issued by a JAR 21
organisation approved by a JAA Full Member Authority and within the JAA
mutual recognition system;
Personnel
The organisation shall appoint :

• An accountable manager
• A person or group of persons whose responsibilities include
ensuring that the organisation complies with this Part
(Quality)
• Appropriate aircraft rated certifying staff qualified
Personnel
The accountable manager shall:
1. ensure that all necessary resources are
available to accomplish maintenance in
accordance with safety and quality policy,
maintenance procedures and quality system to
support the organisation approval.

2. establish and promote the safety and quality


policy specified in the approval.

3. demonstrate a basic understanding of the Part


145
Personnel
• With regard to the accountable manager, it is normally
intended to mean the chief executive officer of the
approved maintenance organisation, who by virtue of
position has overall (including in particular financial)
responsibility for running the organisation.
• The accountable manager may be the accountable
manager for more than one organisation and is not
required to be necessarily knowledgeable on
technical matters as the maintenance organisation
exposition defines the maintenance standards.
• When the accountable manager is not the chief
executive officer the competent authority will need to
be assured that such an accountable manager has
direct access to chief executive officer and has a
sufficiency of ‘maintenance funding’ allocation.
Personnel
The organisation shall nominate a person or group of
persons, whose responsibilities include ensuring that the
organisation complies with this Part:

• Such person(s) shall ultimately be responsible to the


accountable manager
• The person or persons nominated shall represent the
maintenance management structure of the
organisation and be responsible for all functions
specified in this Part.
• The person or persons nominated shall be identified
and their credentials submitted in a form and
manner established by the competent authority.
Personnel
The organisation shall nominate a person or group of
persons, whose responsibilities include ensuring that the
organisation complies with this Part:

• The person or persons nominated shall be able to


demonstrate relevant knowledge, background and
satisfactory experience related to aircraft or
component maintenance and demonstrate a working
knowledge of this Part.
• Procedures shall make clear who deputises for any
particular person in the case of lengthy absence of the
said person
Personnel
• Dependent upon the size of the organisation, the Part-145
functions may be subdivided under individual managers or
combined in any number of ways.

Accountable
manager

Base Line
Workshop Quality
maintenance maintenance
manager manager
manager manager
Personnel
Man/hour plan:
• The organisation shall have a maintenance man-hour plan
showing that the organisation has sufficient staff to plan,
perform, supervise, inspect and quality monitor the
organisation in accordance with the approval.
• In addition the organisation shall have a procedure to
reassess work intended to be carried out when actual staff
availability is less than the planned staffing level for any
particular work shift or period.
Personnel
Man/hour plan:
• The maintenance man-hour plan should take into account all
maintenance activities carried out outside the scope of the
Part-145 approval.
• The planned absence (for training, vacations, etc.) should be
considered when developing the man-hour plan

• The maintenance man-hour plan should be reviewed at least


every 3 months and updated when necessary.
Personnel
Man/hour plan:

• Significant deviation from the maintenance man-hour plan


should be reported through the departmental manager to the
quality manager and the accountable manager for review.
• Significant deviation means more than a 25% shortfall in
available man-hours during a calendar month for any one
of the functions
Personnel
• In addition to the necessary expertise related to the job function,
competence must include an understanding of the
application of human factors and human performance issues
appropriate to that person's function in the organisation.

• ‘Human factors’ means principles which apply to aeronautical


design, certification, training, operations and maintenance and
which seek safe interface between the human and other system
components by proper consideration of human performance.
• ‘Human performance’ means human capabilities and limitations
which have an impact on the safety and efficiency of aeronautical
operations.
Note: In the first 6 months for every new personnel and
every two years for continuation training by the Part 145
Personnel
Additional training :
• In fuel tank safety as well as associated inspection
standards; and
• Maintenance procedures should be required for
maintenance organisations’ technical personnel, especially
technical personnel involved in the compliance of CDCCL
tasks (Critical Design Configuration Control Limitation)

CDCCL : Two phases, Phase I Awareness (management


personnel) and Phase II Detailed Training (technical
personnel)
Personnel
Line maintenance:
• Any organisation maintaining aircraft shall have appropriate
aircraft rated certifying staff qualified as category B1, B2,
B3, as appropriate, in accordance with Annex III (Part-66)
and with Certifying and Support Staff requirements
B1 : maintenance performed on aircraft structure,
powerplant and mechanical and electrical systems,
work on avionic systems requiring only simple tests.
B2 : maintenance performed on avionic and electrical systems,
and electrical and avionics tasks within powerplant and
mechanical systems, requiring only simple tests
B3 : maintenance performed on aeroplane structure,
powerplant and mechanical and electrical systems,
work on avionic systems requiring only simple tests
Personnel
Line maintenance:
• In addition such organisations may also use appropriately
task trained certifying staff holding the privileges as category
A or B2 to carry out minor scheduled line maintenance
and simple defect rectification.
• The availability of such certifying staff shall not replace the
need for category B1, B2, B3 certifying staff, as appropriate.

A : permits the holder to issue certificates of release to


service following minor scheduled line maintenance
and simple defect rectification within the limits of tasks
specifically endorsed on the certification authorisation
Personnel
Example of tasks for A or B2 ratings:

(a) Replacement of wheel assemblies.


(b) Replacement of wheel brake units.
(c) Replacement of emergency equipment.
(d) Replacement of ovens, boilers and beverage makers.
(e) Replacement of internal and external lights, filaments and flash tubes.
(f) Replacement of windscreen wiper blades.
(g) Replacement of passenger and cabin crew seats, seat belts and
harnesses.
(h) Closing of cowlings and refitment of quick access inspection panels.
(i) Replacement of toilet system components but excluding gate valves.

… Note: No task which requires troubleshooting should be part of the authorised


maintenance actions. Release to service after rectification of deferred defects
should be permitted as long as the task is listed above.
Personnel
Base maintenance:
• In the case CMPA maintenance, have appropriate aircraft
type rated certifying staff qualified as category C in
accordance with Part-66.
• In addition the organisation shall have sufficient aircraft type
rated staff qualified as category B1, B2 as appropriate in
accordance with Part-66 to support the category C certifying
staff
C : permit the holder to issue certificates of release to
service following base maintenance on aircraft. The
privileges apply to the aircraft in its entirety.
Personnel
Base maintenance:
• In the case non-CMPA maintenance, have appropriate
aircraft type rated certifying staff qualified as category C in
accordance with Part-66.
• In addition the organisation shall have sufficient aircraft type
rated staff qualified as category B1, B2 as appropriate in
accordance with Part-66 to support the category C certifying
staff
• Or staff qualified as category B1, B2, B3
Personnel
By derogation and in relation to the obligation to comply
with Annex III (Part-66), the organisation may:

• For organisation facilities located outside the Community


territory certifying staff may be qualified in accordance with
the national aviation regulations of the State (but with
conditions)
FAA Licence
Personnel
By derogation and in relation to the obligation to comply
with Annex III (Part-66), the organisation may:
• For line maintenance carried out at a line station of an
organisation which is located outside the Community
territory, the certifying staff may be qualified in accordance
with the national aviation regulations of the State in which
the line station is based (but with conditions)

Licence or authorisation
Personnel
• For a repetitive pre-flight airworthiness directive which
specifically states that the flight crew may carry out such
airworthiness directive, the organisation may issue a limited
certification authorisation to the aircraft commander and/or the
flight engineer on the basis of the flight crew licence held.
• However, the organisation shall ensure that sufficient practical
training has been carried out to ensure that such aircraft
commander or flight engineer can accomplish the
airworthiness directive to the required standard.

+ =
Limited certification
autorisation
(12 months validity)
Personnel
In the following unforeseen cases, where an aircraft is grounded at a
location other than the main base where no appropriate certifying
staff are available, the organisation contracted to provide
maintenance support may issue a one-off certification authorisation:
• to one of its employees holding equivalent type authorisations
on aircraft of similar technology, construction and systems; or
• to any person with not less than five years maintenance
experience and holding a valid ICAO aircraft maintenance
licence rated for the aircraft type requiring certification provided
there is no organisation appropriately approved under this Part at
that location and the contracted organisation obtains and holds on
file evidence of the experience and the licence of that person.
Note: This must reported to the competent authority within 7 days
and maintenance is re-checked by the organisation afterwards
Maintenance data
The organisation shall hold and use applicable
current maintenance data in the performance of
maintenance, including modifications and repairs.
• ‘Applicable’ means relevant to any aircraft,
component or process specified in the
organisation's approval class rating schedule
and in any associated capability list.
• In the case of maintenance data provided by an
operator or customer, the organisation shall hold
such data when the work is in progress,
Maintenance data
Maintenance data is:

1. Any applicable requirement, procedure, operational directive or


information issued by the authority responsible for the oversight of the
aircraft or component;
2. Any applicable airworthiness directive issued by the authority
responsible for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
3. Instructions for continuing airworthiness, issued by type certificate
holders, supplementary type certificate holders, any other organisation
required to publish such data by Part-2 and in the case of aircraft or
components from third countries the airworthiness data mandated by the
authority responsible for the oversight of the aircraft or component;
4. Any applicable standard, such as but not limited to, maintenance
standard practices recognised by the Agency as a good standard for
maintenance;
Work order
The organisation shall provide a common work card or
worksheet system to be used throughout relevant parts of the
organisation :
• In addition, the organisation shall either transcribe
accurately the maintenance data contained onto such
work cards or worksheets or make precise reference to the
particular maintenance task or tasks contained in such
maintenance data.
• Work cards and worksheets may be computer generated
and held on an electronic database subject to both
adequate safeguards against unauthorised alteration and a
back-up electronic database
Work order
The organisation shall provide a common work card or
worksheet system to be used throughout relevant parts of the
organisation :
• It shall be updated within 24 hours of any entry made to the
main electronic database.
• Complex maintenance tasks shall be transcribed onto the
work cards or worksheets and subdivided into clear stages
to ensure a record of the accomplishment of the complete
maintenance task.
Work order
Work card procedure :
• Data being made available to personnel maintaining aircraft
means that the data should be available in close proximity
to the aircraft being maintained for supervisors, mechanics
and certifying staff to study.
• Where computer systems are used, the number of
computer terminals should be sufficient in relation to the
size of the work programme to enable easy access, unless
the computer system can produce paper copies.
• Where microfilm or microfiche readers/printers are used, a
similar requirement is applicable.
Work order
The organisation shall :
- Establish a procedure to ensure that maintenance data it controls
is kept up to date.
- In the case of operator/ customer controlled and provided
maintenance data, the organisation shall be able to show that
either it has written confirmation from the operator/customer that
all such maintenance data is up to date or it has work orders
specifying the amendment status of the maintenance data to
be used or it can show that it is on the operator/customer
maintenance data amendment list.

Writing confirmation
Production planning
For the purpose of Part-145, the production planning function
includes two complementary elements:
— scheduling the maintenance work ahead, to ensure that it
will not adversely interfere with other work as regards the
availability of all necessary personnel, tools, equipment,
material, maintenance data and facilities.
— during maintenance work, organising maintenance teams
and shifts and provide all necessary support to ensure the
completion of maintenance without undue time pressure.
Production planning
When establishing the production planning procedure, consideration
should be given to the following:
— logistics,
— inventory control,
— square meters of accommodation,
— man-hours estimation,
— man-hours availability,
— preparation of work,
— hangar availability,
— environmental conditions (access, lighting standards and
cleanliness),
— co-ordination with internal and external suppliers, etc.
— scheduling of safety-critical tasks during periods when staff are
likely to be most alert.
Production planning
When establishing the production planning procedure, consideration
should be given to the following:
— logistics,
— inventory control,
— square meters of accommodation,
— man-hours estimation,
— man-hours availability,
— preparation of work,
— hangar availability,
— environmental conditions (access, lighting standards and
cleanliness),
— co-ordination with internal and external suppliers, etc.
— scheduling of safety-critical tasks during periods when staff are
likely to be most alert.
Maintenance and airworthiness review records
The organisation shall record, as minimum:
- all requirements have been met for the issue of the certificate
of release to service
- subcontractor's release documents, and for the issue of any
airworthiness review certificate and recommendation

The organisation shall provide to the operator/owner :


- Each CRS
- Any repair or modification approved data related to the work
performed
Maintenance and airworthiness review records
The organisation shall retain a copy of all detailed maintenance
records and any associated maintenance data :
- for three years from the date the aircraft or component to which
the work relates was released from the organisation
- stored in a manner that ensures protection from damage,
alteration and theft
- Computer backup discs, tapes etc. shall be stored in a different
location from that containing the working discs, tapes etc., in an
environment that ensures they remain in good condition

Note : Where an terminates its operation, all retained maintenance records covering the
last three years shall be distributed to the last owner or customer of the respective aircraft
or component or shall be stored as specified by the competent authority.
Occurrence reporting
The organisation shall report any condition of the aircraft or
component identified by the organisation that has resulted or
may result in an unsafe condition that hazards seriously the
flight safety, to :

- Competent Authority
- Responsible for the design (TCH)
- State of registry

AMC 20-8 : General Acceptable Means of Compliance for


Airworthiness of Products, Parts and Appliances
Occurrence reporting
The organisation shall establish an internal occurrence
reporting system as detailed in the exposition to enable :
- the collection and evaluation of such reports
- the assessment and extraction of those occurrences to be
reported

This procedure shall identify adverse trends, corrective


actions taken or to be taken by the organisation to address
deficiencies and include evaluation of all known relevant
information relating to such occurrences and a method to
circulate the information as necessary.
Occurrence reporting
- The aim of occurrence reporting is to identify the factors
contributing to incidents, and to make the system resistant to
similar errors
- An occurrence reporting system should enable and
encourage free and frank reporting of any (potentially) safety
related occurrence.
- This will be facilitated by the establishment of a just culture.
- The internal reporting process should be closed-loop,
ensuring that actions are taken internally to address safety
hazards.
Occurrence reporting
- The organisation shall make such reports in a form and
manner established by the Agency and ensure that they
contain all pertinent information about the condition and
evaluation results known to the organisation
- Where the organisation is contracted by a commercial
operator to carry out maintenance, the organisation shall
also report to the operator any such condition affecting the
operator's aircraft or component.
- The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as
soon as practicable but in any case within 72 hours of the
organisation identifying the condition to which the report
relates
Occurrence reporting
- The organisation shall make such reports in a form and
manner established by the Agency and ensure that they
contain all pertinent information about the condition and
evaluation results known to the organisation
- Where the organisation is contracted by a commercial
operator to carry out maintenance, the organisation shall
also report to the operator any such condition affecting the
operator's aircraft or component.
- The organisation shall produce and submit such reports as
soon as practicable but in any case within 72 hours of the
organisation identifying the condition to which the report
relates
Occurrence reporting
- Each report should contain at least the following information:
(i) Organisation name and approval reference.
(ii) Information necessary to identify the subject aircraft
and / or component.
(iii) Date and time relative to any life or overhaul
limitation in terms of flying hours/cycles/landings etc. as
appropriate.
(iv) Details of the condition
(v) Any other relevant information found during the
evaluation or rectification of the condition.
Safety and quality policy
- The organisation shall establish a safety and quality policy
for the organisation to be included in the exposition
- The organisation shall establish procedures agreed by the
competent authority
- Taking into account human factors and human performance
to ensure good maintenance practices and compliance
with regulation
Safety and quality policy
The safety and quality policy should as a minimum include a
statement committing the organisation to:
- Recognise safety as a prime consideration at all times.
- Apply Human factors principles.
- Encourage personnel to report maintenance related
errors/incidents.
- Recognise that compliance with procedures, quality
standards, safety standards and regulations is the duty of all
personnel.
- Recognise the need for all personnel to cooperate with the
quality auditors.
Safety and quality policy
The safety and quality policy should as a minimum include a
statement committing the organisation to:
- Recognise safety as a prime consideration at all times.
- Apply Human factors principles.
- Encourage personnel to report maintenance related
errors/incidents.
- Recognise that compliance with procedures, quality
standards, safety standards and regulations is the duty of all
personnel.
- Recognise the need for all personnel to cooperate with the
quality auditors.
Safety and quality policy
The organisation shall establish a quality system that includes
the following :
- Independent audits in order to monitor compliance with
required aircraft/aircraft component standards and adequacy
of the procedures
- In the smallest organisations the independent audit part of
the quality system may be contracted to another organisation
approved under this Part or a person with appropriate
technical knowledge and proven satisfactory audit experience
- A quality feedback reporting system to the person or group of
persons
Maintenance organisation exposition
Maintenance organisation exposition’ means the document or
documents that contain :
- the material specifying the scope of work deemed to
constitute approval
- how the organisation intends to comply with this Annex (Part-
145)
- How the exposition is kept up to date (amendments)

The organisation shall provide the competent authority with a


maintenance organisation exposition
Maintenance organisation exposition
Maintenance organisation exposition’ means the document or
documents that contain the following information :
- A statement signed by the accountable manager confirming
that the maintenance organisation exposition and any
referenced associated manuals define the organisation's
compliance with this Annex (Part-145) and will be complied
with at all times
- the organisation's safety and quality policy
- the title(s) and name(s) of the persons nominated
- the duties and responsibilities of the persons nominated,
including matters on which they may deal directly with the
competent authority on behalf of the organisation
Maintenance organisation exposition
Maintenance organisation exposition’ means the document or
documents that contain the following information :
- an organisation chart showing associated chains of
responsibility between the persons nominated
- list of certifying staff, support staff and, if applicable,
airworthiness review staff and staff responsible for the
development and processing of the maintenance programme,
with their scope of approval
- a general description of manpower resources
- a general description of the facilities located at each address
specified in the organisation's approval certificate
Maintenance organisation exposition
Maintenance organisation exposition’ means the document or
documents that contain the following information :
- a specification of the organisation's scope of work relevant to the
extent of approval
- the notification procedure for organisation changes;
- the maintenance organisation exposition amendment procedure
- a list of commercial operators, where applicable, to which the
organisation provides an aircraft maintenance service
- a list of subcontracted organisations
- a list of line stations
- a list of contracted organisations
Test
- An airworthy aircraft is…
o n
-
- What are the main OPS categories ?
i s si
Who is concerned by EU Regulation on Continuing Airworthiness ?

- What is a CMPA ?
m m
-
- C o
What are the differents Competent Authorities ?
How responsibilities are dealed with a leasing contract ?
-
a n
Which data shall be used for a repair or a modification ?
-
pe
A maintenance task is a combination of ?
r o
Eu
- Where does the term “Part 145” comes from ?
- What is the purpose of a Part 145 ?
- What are the two main organisation manuals in application of Regulation n°1321/2014 ?
- What are the different classes of a Part 145 ?
- When a CRS shall be issued ?
- What is a jobcard ?
- What is the role of a jobcard ?
- Where can I find regulation on initial airworthiness ?
Test
- What are the privileges of the CAMO ?
- What is an AMP and what are the main steps to develop it ?
- What is an ARC and its role within the continuing airworthiness system ?
- What is a “controlled environment” ?
i o n
-
s s
What is the difference between a transfer and an import of an aircraft ?
i
- What is a Form 1 ?
m m
-
-
When a Form 1 shall be issued ?
C o
How could you describe the continuing airworthiness system with a scheme ?
-
ea n
When an aircraft is grounded at a location other than the main line station or main

r op
maintenance base due to the non-availability of a component with the appropriate release

- E u
certificate, give one solution to fit a component on the aircraft
What is line maintenance ?
- What is base maintenance ?
- Give two personnel qualification (rating) for line maintenance
- What is the purpose of a quality and safety system ?
- Where can I find regulation on air operations ?
Case study
You are a well-known independent Airworthiness expert
team, working for a french consultancy start-up in aviation. Your
company, attached to DGAC, just signed a juicy contract with a
foreign country (Haïti) to put in place an aviation competent
authority. Your team is specially tasked to deliver a fully
functionnal Airworthiness Inspection Division (AID).

The deliverable is to provide a document containing all


regulations aspects based upon Regulation n°1321/2014,
procedures (that you need to create) and guidance to be fully
compliant with ICAO Annex 8 (Airworthiness).

4 groups (4 groups leader) – 3hrs – 2 documents

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