10-Julio-19

Universidad Abierta y a
Distancia de México
Ingeniería en Energías Renovables

Cálculo Integral

Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de

Riemann.

Enrique Arturo Ibáñez García

Matrícula: ES172009346

Grupo: ER-ECIN-1902-B1-002
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
EJERCICIOS
2
a) Expresa el 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏[𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒙𝒊 + 𝒙𝒊 𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙𝒊 ]∆𝒙 como una integral en el intervalo [0, π].
𝒏→∞

𝑛
𝑏
lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥
𝑛→∞ 𝑎
𝑖=1

𝑓(𝑥𝑖 ) → 𝑓(𝑥)

𝑓(𝑥𝑖 ) → 𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑖 + 𝑥𝑖 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑖 𝑐𝑢𝑎𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑥𝑖 = 𝑥

𝑛 𝝅
lim ∑[𝑠𝑒𝑛𝑥𝑖 + 𝑥𝑖 𝑠𝑒𝑐𝑥𝑖 ] = ∫ (𝒔𝒆𝒏𝒙 + 𝒙𝒔𝒆𝒄𝒙)𝒅𝒙
𝑛→∞ 𝟎
𝑖=1

b) Expresa el 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏[𝒙𝟔𝒊 + 𝒙𝟑𝒊 + 𝟐]∆𝒙 como una integral en el intervalo [2, 6].
𝒏→∞

𝑛 𝟔
lim ∑[𝑥𝑖6 + 𝑥𝑖3 + 2] = ∫ (𝒙𝟔 + 𝒙𝟑 + 𝟐)𝒅𝒙
𝑛→∞ 𝟐
𝑖=1

c) Expresa el 𝐥𝐢𝐦 ∑𝒏𝒊=𝟏[𝒙𝟑𝒊 + 𝒍𝒏𝒙𝟐𝒊 ]∆𝒙 como una integral en el intervalo [0, 4].
𝒏→∞

𝑛 𝟔
lim ∑ 𝑥𝑖3 + 𝑙𝑛𝑥𝑖2 ] = ∫ (𝒙𝟑 + 𝒍𝒏𝒙𝟐 )𝒅𝒙
𝑛→∞ 𝟐
𝑖=1

𝟔
d) Evalúa la suma de Riemann para 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐, en el intervalo [3,6]. B) Evalúa ∫𝟑 (𝟒𝒙 − 𝟐 𝒅𝒙

𝑏−𝑎
∆𝑥 =
𝑛
𝑆𝑢𝑠𝑡𝑖𝑡𝑢𝑦𝑒𝑛𝑑𝑜 𝑎 𝑦 𝑏

(6) − (3) 3
∆𝑥 = =
𝑛 𝑛
𝑃𝑎𝑟𝑎 𝑙𝑎 𝑖 − é𝑠𝑖𝑚𝑎 𝑝𝑎𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑐𝑖ó𝑛 𝑜 𝑟𝑒𝑐𝑡á𝑛𝑔𝑢𝑙𝑜.

3
𝑥𝑖 = 𝑎 + 𝑖∆𝑥 = 3 + 𝑖
𝑛
La suma de Riemann está dada por:
𝑛

lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥

𝑛→∞
𝑖=1
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
Donde 𝑓(𝑥) = 4𝑥 − 2, y sustituyendo en la ecuación:
3
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
3 3 3𝑖 3 12 9𝑖
∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥 = ∑(4𝑥𝑖 − 2)∆𝑥 = [4 (3 + 𝑖) − 2] = ∑ (4 + ) = ∑ ( + 2 ) =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
4 3𝑖 4 3 4 3 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 3 𝑛+1
∑ ( + 2 ) = ∑ 1 + 2 ∑ 𝑖 = (𝑛) + 2 ( )=4+ ( )=
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 2 2 𝑛
𝑖=1 𝑖=1 𝑖=1

3 1 3 1
= 4 + (1 + ) = 4 ( + )
2 𝑛 2 𝑛
𝑃𝑜𝑟 𝑙𝑜 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑡𝑜:
𝒏
𝟑 𝟏
∑ 𝒇(𝒙𝒊 )∆𝒙 = 𝟒 ( + )
𝟐 𝒏
𝒊=𝟏

𝐵) Aplicando el concepto de integral definida se tiene el área bajo la curva entre dos límites 3 y 6 del
eje x.

𝑏 𝑛
3 1 3
𝐴 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥 = lim 4 ( + ) = 4 ( + 0) = 𝟔
𝑎 𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 2 𝑛 2
𝑖=1

𝟒
e) Evalúa la suma de Riemann para 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟒 − 𝟏, en el intervalo [2, 4]. B) Evalúa ∫𝟐 (𝒙𝟒 − 𝟏) 𝒅𝒙

𝑏−𝑎 4−2 2
∆𝑥 = = =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
2
𝑥𝑖 = 𝑎 + 𝑖∆𝑥 = 2 + 𝑖
𝑛

f) Evalúa la suma de Riemann para 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒙, en el intervalo [-2, 1]. B) Evalúa
𝟏
∫−𝟐(𝟐𝒙𝟐 + 𝟑𝒙 + 𝒙) 𝒅𝒙

𝑏 − 𝑎 1 − (−2) 3
∆𝑥 = = =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑓(𝑥) = 2𝑥 2 + 3𝑥 + 𝑥

3 3𝑘 3𝑘 2 3𝑘 3𝑘
𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑘∆𝑥) = 𝑓 (−2 + 𝑘 ( )) = 𝑓 (−2 + ) = 2 (−2 + ) + 3 (−2 + ) + (−2 + )
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛

6𝑘 2 9𝑘 3𝑘
= (−4 + ) − 6 + −2+
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
36𝑘 2 48𝑘 9𝑘 3𝑘 36𝑘 2 36𝑘
= 16 +
𝑛2
−
𝑛
− 6 +
𝑛
− 2 +
𝑛
= 2 −
𝑛 𝑛
+8 4
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
36𝑘 2 36𝑘 3 108𝑘 2 108𝑘 24 108𝑘 2 108𝑘 24
∑( 2 − + 8) ( ) = ∑ ( 3 − 2 + ) = ∑ 3
−∑ 2 +∑
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1

𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
108 108 24
= 3 ∑ 𝑘2 − 2 ∑ 𝑘 + ∑1
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1

108 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 108 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 24

= 3
( )− 2 ( ) + (𝑛)
𝑛 6 𝑛 2 𝑛

108 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 108 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)

= ( 3
)− ( ) + 24
6 𝑛 2 𝑛2

(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 𝑛+1
= 18 ( 2
) − 54 ( ) + 24
𝑛 𝑛

2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= 18 ( ) − 54 ( ) + 24
𝑛2 𝑛
𝒏
𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏 𝒏+𝟏
∑ 𝒇(𝒙𝒊 )∆𝒙 = 𝟏𝟖 ( ) − 𝟓𝟒 ( ) + 𝟐𝟒
𝒏𝟐 𝒏
𝒊=𝟏

B)
𝑛
𝑏
𝐴 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥
𝑎 𝑛→∞
𝑖=1

2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= lim [18 ( 2
) − 54 ( ) + 24] =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛

2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= lim [18 ( 2
)] − lim [54 ( )] + lim (24)
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞

2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= 18 lim [( 2
)] − 54 lim [( )] + 24
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛

= 18(2) − 54(1) ∓ 24 = 36 + 24 − 54 = 𝟔

g) Evalúa la suma de Riemann para 𝒇(𝒙) = 𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒, en el intervalo [-6, 3].

𝑏 − 𝑎 3 − (−6) 9
∆𝑥 = = =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 + 4
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
2
9 9𝑘 9𝑘 9𝑘
𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑘∆𝑥) = 𝑓 (−6 + 𝑘 ( )) = 𝑓 (−6 + ) = (−6 + ) + 4 (−6 + ) + 4
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 5

6𝑘 2 36𝑘
= (−4 + ) − 24 + +4
𝑛 𝑛
36𝑘 2 36𝑘 36𝑘 2 36𝑘
= 16 + 2 − 24 + +4= 2 + −4
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
36𝑘 2 36𝑘 9 324𝑘 2 324𝑘 36 324𝑘 2 324𝑘 36
∑( 2 + − 4) ( ) = ∑ ( 3 + 2 − ) = ∑ + ∑ − ∑
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛3 𝑛2 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
324 2
324 36
= ∑ 𝑘 + ∑ 𝑘 − ∑1
𝑛3 𝑛2 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1
324 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 324 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 36
= 3 ( )+ 2 ( ) − (𝑛)
𝑛 6 𝑛 2 𝑛
324 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 324 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
= ( 3
)+ ( ) − 36
6 𝑛 2 𝑛2
(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 𝑛+1
= 54 ( ) + 162 ( ) + 36
𝑛2 𝑛
2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= 54 ( 2
) + 162 ( ) − 36
𝑛 𝑛
𝒏
𝟐𝒏𝟐 + 𝟑𝒏 + 𝟏 𝒏+𝟏
∑ 𝒇(𝒙𝒊 )∆𝒙 = 𝟓𝟒 ( ) + 𝟏𝟔𝟐 ( ) − 𝟑𝟔
𝒏𝟐 𝒏
𝒊=𝟏
𝟑
h) Evalúa ∫−𝟔(𝒙𝟐 + 𝟒𝒙 + 𝟒) 𝒅𝒙
𝑏 𝑛

𝐴 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥

𝑎 𝑛→∞
𝑖=1
2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= lim [54 ( ) + 162 ( ) − 36] =
𝑛→∞ 𝑛2 𝑛
2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= lim [54 ( 2
)] + lim [162 ( )] − lim (36)
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞

2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 𝑛+1
= 54 lim [( 2
)] + 162 lim [( )] − 36
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛
= 54(2) + 162(1) − 36 = 108 + 162 − 36 = 𝟐𝟑𝟒

𝟏
i) Calcula la integral definida ∫−𝟐(𝟖𝒙) 𝒅𝒙, mediante sumas de Riemann.

𝑏 − 𝑎 1 − (−2) 3
∆𝑥 = = =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑓(𝑥) = 8𝑥

3 3𝑘
𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑘∆𝑥) = 𝑓 (−1 + 𝑘 ( )) = 𝑓 (−1 + )
𝑛 𝑛
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
3𝑘
= 8 (−1 + ) 6
𝑛
24𝑘
= −8
𝑛
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
24𝑘 3 72𝑘 24 72𝑘 24
∑( − 8) ( ) = ∑ ( 2 − ) = ∑ 2 − ∑
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1

𝑛 𝑛
72 24
= 2 ∑𝑘 − ∑1
𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1

72 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 24
= ( ) − (𝑛)
𝑛2 2 𝑛

72 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)
= ( ) − 24
2 𝑛2

𝑛+1
= 36 ( ) − 24
𝑛
𝒏
𝒏+𝟏
∑ 𝒇(𝒙𝒊 )∆𝒙 = 𝟑𝟔 ( ) − 𝟐𝟒
𝒏
𝒊=𝟏

𝑛
𝑏
𝐴 = ∫ 𝑓(𝑥)𝑑𝑥 = lim ∑ 𝑓(𝑥𝑖 )∆𝑥
𝑎 𝑛→∞
𝑖=1
𝑛+1
= lim [36 ( ) − 24]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛
𝑛+1
= lim [36 ( )] − lim (24)
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞
𝑛+1
= 36 lim [( )] − 24
𝑛→∞ 𝑛
= 36(1) − 24 = 𝟏𝟐
𝟏
j) Calcula la integral definida ∫−𝟐(𝒙𝟑 ) 𝒅𝒙, mediante sumas de Riemann.
𝑏 − 𝑎 1 − (−2) 3
∆𝑥 = = =
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
3
𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑥
3 3𝑘 3𝑘 3
𝑓(𝑎 + 𝑘∆𝑥) = 𝑓 (−2 + 𝑘 ( )) = 𝑓 (−2 + ) = (−2 + )
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
3𝑘 3𝑘 2 3𝑘 3
= −23 + 3(−2)2 ( ) + 3(−2) ( ) + ( )
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
2 3
36𝑘 54𝑘 27𝑘
= −8 − − 2 +
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
 Cálculo Integral
Unidad 1. Actividad 2. Suma de Riemann
𝑛 𝑛
36𝑘 54𝑘 2 27𝑘 3 3 24 36𝑘 54𝑘 2 27𝑘 3
∑ (−8 − − 2 + 3 ) ( ) = ∑ (− − − 3 + 4 ) 7
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
2
24 36𝑘 54𝑘 27𝑘 3
= −∑ −∑ −∑ 3 +∑ 4
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
2
24 36𝑘 54𝑘 27𝑘 3
= − ∑1− ∑ 𝑘 − 3 ∑ 𝑘 − 4 ∑ 𝑘3
2
𝑛 𝑛 𝑛 𝑛
𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1 𝑘=1
24 36 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 54 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 27 𝑛2 (𝑛 + 1)2
= − (𝑛) − ( )− 3( )− 4( )
𝑛 𝑛 2 𝑛 6 𝑛 4
36 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) 54 𝑛(𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 27 𝑛2 (𝑛 + 1)2
= −24 − ( )− ( ) − ( )
2 𝑛 6 𝑛3 4 𝑛4
𝑛+1 (𝑛 + 1)(2𝑛 + 1) 27 (𝑛 + 1)2
= −24 − 18 ( ) − 9( )− ( )
𝑛 𝑛2 4 𝑛2
𝑛+1 2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 27 𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1
= −24 − 18 ( ) − 9( ) − ( )
𝑛 𝑛2 4 𝑛2
𝑛+1 2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 27 𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1
lim [−24 − 18 ( ) − 9( ) − ( )]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛2 4 𝑛2
𝑛+1 2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 27 𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1
= lim (−24) − lim [18 ( )] − lim [9 ( )] − lim [ ( )]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛2 𝑛→∞ 4 𝑛2
𝑛+1 2𝑛2 + 3𝑛 + 1 27 𝑛2 + 2𝑛 + 1
= −24 − 18 lim [( )] − 9 lim [( )] − lim [( )]
𝑛→∞ 𝑛 𝑛→∞ 𝑛2 4 𝑛→∞ 𝑛2
27 27 𝟖𝟕
= −24 − 18(1) − 9(2) − (1) = −24 − 18 − 18 − =
4 4 𝟒