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WINK:
Anawim- a Hebrew word from the Old Testament that refers to
"poor ones" who remained faithful to God in times of difficulty; Bread and Pastry
these humble people became known as the anawim, or the
"faithful remnant" I. Yeast Breads
Church of the Poor- the proposed image of the Church by St.
John XXIII before the opening of Vatican II—"Confronted by the Yeast and quick breads
underdeveloped countries, the Church presents herself as she is are produced according to standard procedure
and wants to be the Church of all, and in particular the Church of Straight Dough Method
the poor."
the method of mixing dough by using all the Needed to maintain air in the mixture using a rubber
ingredients at one time scraper, or whisk
Yeast breads 6) Cut and fold
Are leavened by yeast Cutting vertically and turning often by gently sliding
Makes use of yeast as the leavening agent the rubber scraper/ whisk across the bottom of the
Prepared from lean dough or rich dough mixing bowl
Pancake 7) Whipping
A grilled cake Beating rapidly to incorporate air needed for volume
Yeast of finish product
Is the leavening agent of pan de sal
Rich dough
Contains butter, sugar, egg yolks, nuts, ham and fruits
Mapeh
Ensaymada, cinnamon rolls, coffee cakes, and special
buns rolls The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs)
Proofing were eight international development goals for the year 2015
Is the term referring to the second rising of dough that had been established following the Millennium Summit of
Punch down the United Nations in 2000, following the adoption of the United
Is the process of removing air from the dough Nations Millennium Declaration. All 191 United Nations member
Lean Dough states at that time, and at least 22 international organizations,
committed to help achieve the following Millennium
Contains flour, sugar, yeast, and salt
Development Goals by 2015:
Pan de sal, french bread and buns
Cold water
To eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
An ingredients that controlled the growth of yeast
To achieve universal primary education
Liquid / water
To promote gender equality and empower women
Helps to produce more gluten
To reduce child mortality
Types of yeast :
To improve maternal health
o Active
To combat HIV/AIDS, malaria, and other diseases
o Fresh
To ensure environmental sustainability
o Instant
To develop a global partnership for development
THYMUS
ADRENALS
PANCREAS
Insulin keeps the level of sugar in the bloodstream under control. It does this
by helping cells absorb the sugar and use it for energy.
If the sugar level drops, the pancreas releases more glucagon to make up for
the loss and if the sugar level rises, the pancreas releases more insulin to get
rid of excess sugar.
Negative Feedback & Blood Pressure
GONADS
• Baroreceptors in walls of blood vessels detect an increase in BP
• Brain receives input and signals blood vessels and heart - human reproductive organs (ovaries & testes)
- produce sex hormones responsible for the secondary sexual
• Blood vessels dilate, HR decreases
characteristics that develop at the start of teenage years
• BP decreases
PINEAL GLAND
A gland is an organ whose cells secrete materials to be brought to the Releasing and Inhibiting hormones
different regions of the body; sometimes via tube - like structures called - stimulates or inhibits the release of specific pituitary hormones
ducts.
PITUITARY GLAND (ANTERIOR)
Important concepts to remember about hormones:
Thyroid –Stimulating Hormones (TSH)
Some glands do not function until the organism reaches a certain - stimulates production and secretion of thyroxine
age, so some hormones are not secreted until then.
The effects of hormones such as adrenaline are short – lived, Prolactin
while hormones such as thyroxine produce long – term and - stimulates milk production
permanent effects in the body.
The production of each hormone must be the correct amount. Adrenocorticotropic Hormone (ACTH)
Hormones work only on their target cells or organs. - stimulates secretion of corticosteroids
Hormones are destroyed in the liver after they have performed
their function. Endorphin
- decreases pain
MAJOR ENDOCRINE GLANDS IN THE BODY
Growth Hormone
- Stimulates general body growth
HYPOTHALAMUS
Luteinizing Hormone
- found at the base of the brain and produces hormones that help
- stimulates ovulation and production of estrogen and
turn the other endocrine glands in your body on and off
progesterone
- secretes hormones that stimulate or suppress the release of the
hormones in the pituitary gland
Follicle – Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
- stimulates growth of ovarian follicle (ovary) and sperm
PITUITARY GLAND (HYPOPHYSIS) production (testes)
- also known as “master gland”
- children with this disorder may still have normal intelligence and
capabilities
PITUITARY GLAND (POSTERIOR)
With early detection and management, children with this malfunction can
Oxytocin also reach a normal height.
- stimulates milk secretion (mammary gland) and induces uterine
contraction (uterus)
Glucagon As more glucose enters the placenta and is absorb by the baby, it can lead
- stimulates glucose release from cells into blood. Prevents to a condition known as macrosomia or “fat baby”. The condition may
glucose from falling too low. make it difficult for the baby to pass through the birth canal.
GONAD (OVARY) All forms of diabetes are treatable. With the right management and
combination of exercise, diet and weight control, people with diabetes
Estrogen can manage this disorder. However, if left untreated, diabetes could lead
- stimulates female development and behavior to complications such as heart problems, hypertension, eye
complications, foot complication, stroke and slow – healing wounds.
Progesterone
- stimulates growth of uterine lining (uterus) C. THYROID DISORDERS
Hyperthyroidism
GONAD (TESTES)
- condition results in the overproduction of thyroid hormones
Testosterone - patients experience tremors, nervousness, fatigue, intolerance
- stimulates male development and behavior for heat, concentration problems, increase sweating, eye changes
(exophthalmos) or increase bowel movement
- treatment can be through medication, radioactive iodine or
THYMUS surgery
Thymosin
- stimulates differentiation in white blood cells Goiter and exophthalmos (protrusion of the eyeball) are associated with
Graves’ disease.
PINEAL GLAND
Melatonin Hypothyroidism
- promotes sleep
- symptoms associated with insufficient amount of thyroid
hormones include goiter, fatigue, poor concentration, dry skin,
constipation, unusual cold feeling, depression and prolonged
GASTROINTESTINAL TRACT menstruation in women
Prostitusyon
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halaga gaya ng alahas at ari-arian, o kaya naman ay
kapalit ng ibang pabor.
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ito ay tumutukoy sa malalaswang palabas, babasahin, at
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