Exercise # 2.

1
30
Chapter 2

Chapter 2
Q4. From following which are natural number?
5
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, 7 , 3 , -9, 1,
7 6
7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
2
System of Real numbers 3
Terminating Decimal fraction: Solution: natural numbers are
The decimal fraction in which Given finite 3, 36, 1,
numbers of digits in its decimal part is Q5. From the following which are rational number.
called a terminating decimal fraction. 5
Recurring ( non-terminating )Decimal fraction:
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, 7 , 3 , -9, 1,
7 6
The decimal fraction (Non terminating) in
which some digits are repeated again 7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
2
3
and again in the same order in its decimal 5
part, is called a recurring decimal fraction. Solution: rational number are 2.5, 3, ,
Non-recurring Non-terminating Decimal fraction:
7
The non-terminating decimal fraction in 7
- 1.96, 36, , -9, 1, 4 2 , 0.333…
which the digits are not repeated in the 6 3
same order in its decimal part is called a Q6.From the following Which are real numbers
non-terminating and non-recurring fraction. 5
Rational numbers: A number which can be 2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, 7 , 3 , -9, 1,
p 7 6
expressed in the form of where p, q  Z
q 2
and q  0 are called rational number.
7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
3
Irrational numbers: A number which can not 5
p Solution: real number 2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36,
be expressed in the form of where p, q  Z
q 7
and q  0 are called irrational number. 7 2
, 3 , -9, 1, 7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
Real numbers: 6 3
Union of set of rational and irrational numbers Q7. From the following which are rational
is called the set of real numbers. numbers but not an integers?
Exercise # 2.1 5 7
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1,
Consider the numbers 7 6
5 7 2
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1, 7 7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
7 6 3
,  14 ,  , 4 2 , 0.333… Solution: rational numbers but not an integers
3 5 7 2
Q1. From the following which are whole numbers? , , 4 , 0.333…
7 6 3
5 7
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1, 7 Q8. From the following which are integer
7 6 but not whole numbers
,  14 ,  , 4 2 , 0.333… 5 7
3 2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1, 7
7 6
Solution: whole numbers are
2
2, 5, 3, 96, 36, 1, ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
3
Q2. From the following which are integers? Sol: Integer but not whole numbers -9
5
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, 7 , 3 , -9, 1, Q9. Form the following which are integers but
7 6
not a natural numbers?
7 ,  14 ,  , 4 2 , 0.333… 5 7
3 2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1, 7
Solution: integers are 7 6
3, 36, , -9, 1, ,  14 ,  , 4 2 , 0.333…
3
Q3. From following which are irrational numbers? Sol: Integer but not natural numbers -9
5
2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, 7 , 3 , -9, 1, Q10. Which are real numbers but not a integers?
7 6 5 7
7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
2 2.5, 3, , - 1.96, 36, , 3 , -9, 1,
3 7 6
Solution: irrational numbers are 7 ,  14 ,  , 4 2 , 0.333…
3
3 , 7 ,  14 , 
Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics
 Exercise # 2.1
31
Chapter 2

Sol: Real numbers but not an integers2.5,

5
,-1.96
For each a  R then there exists an
7 element m (a)  R such that
7 2 a  (a)  (a)  a  0
36, , 3 , 7 ,  14 ,  , 4 , 0.333…
6 3 (2). W.r.t. Multiplication
Q11. Write the decimal representation of each For each a  R then there exists an
of the following numbers.
1 6 2 1
, , , element 1a  R such that
a.  1a    1a  .a  1
6 7 9 8
1 6 2 1
Solution Given , , ,
6 7 9 8 Distributive property:
(1). Multiplication over Addition
1
 0.1666  0.16
6
For all a, b, c  R , a  b  c   a.b  a.c
6
 0.857142857142  0.857142
7 (2). Addition over Multiplication
2
9  0.222  0.2 For all a, b, c  R ,  a  b  c  a.c  b.c
1
8  0.125 Properties of equality of Real numbers:
Q4. Depict each number on a number line. Reflexive Property
For all a  R , a  a
Symmetric Property
For all a, b  R , a  b  b  a
Transitive property
For all a, b, c  R , a  b and b  c  a  c
Additive Property
For all a, b, c  R , a  b and  a  c  b  c
For all a, b, c  R , a  b and  c  a  c  b
Properties of Real Numbers:- Multiplicative Property
Closure Property:- For all a, b, c  R , a  b and  a.c  b.c
(1). W.r.t. Addition For all a, b, c  R , a  b and  c.a  c.b
For each a, b  R , a  b  R Cancellation Property
(2). W.r.t. Multiplication (1). W.r.t. Addition For all
For each a, b  R , a.b  R a, b, c  R , a  c  b  c and  a  b
Commutative property:- For all a, b, c  R , c  a  c  b and  a  b
(1). W.r.t. Addition (2). W.r.t. Multiplication For all
For each a, b  R , a  b  b  a  R a, b, c  R , a.c  b.c and  a  b
(2). W.r.t. Multiplication For all a, b, c  R , c.a  c.b and  a  b
For each a, b  R , a.b  b.a  R Properties of inequality of real numbers
Associative property: Trichotomy Property
(1). W.r.t. Addition For any a, b  R either a  b or a  b or b  a
For each a, b, c  R ,  a  b   c  a   b  c  Either a  b is also written as b  a
(2). W.r.t. Multiplication Archimidean property
For each a, b, c  R ,  a.b  .c  a.  b.c  For all a, b  R n  0 then there exists a
Identity: natural number n such that na  b
(1). W.r.t. Addition Transitive property
There exists 0  R such that For all a, b, c  R , a  b and b  c  a  c
a0  0a  a For all a, b, c  R , a  b and b  c  a  c
(2). W.r.t. Multiplication Additive property
There exists 1 R such that a.1  1.a  a (1). For all a, b, c  R , a  b a  a  c  b  c
Inverse: For all a, b, c  R , a  b an  c  a  c  b
(1). W.r.t. Addition (2).For all a, b, c  R , a  b a  a  c  b  c

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Exercise 2.2
32
Chapter 2
For all a, b, c  R , a  b and  c  a  c  b a). 4  3 6  6  6  2
Multiplicative Property b). 4   3  6    3  12   2
(1).For all a, b, c  R , c  0 , a  b and c). 4   3  6    4  3  6
 a.c  b.c
d). 4   3  6    3  8  3
For all a, b, c  R , c  0 , a  b and
Q4. Do this without using distributive property.
 a.c  b.c i). 39  63  39  37
(2) For all a, b, c  R , c  0 , a  b and Solution: Given 39  63  39  37
 a.c  b.c  2457  1443
For all a, b, c  R , c  0 , a  b and  3900
 a.c  b.c ii) 81 450  81 550
Solution: Given 81 450  81 550
Inequality multiplicative inverse
 36450  44550
For all If a  0, b  0
 81000
(1) a  b  1a  b1 iii). 50 161  50  81
(2). a  b  1a  b1 Solution: Given 50 161  50  81
 8050  4050
Exercise 2.2
 4000
Q1. Write name of properties used in iv). 827  60  327  60
following equations. Latter a,b represents Solution: Given 827  60  327  60
real numbers.  49620  19620
i). 1+(4+3)=(1+4)+3  30000
Associative law of addition Exponent or index:If a real number x is
ii). 5(a+b)=5a+5b multiplied with itself 4 times, then the
Distributive Law of multiplication over addition
product will be x .Similarly, the product
5
iii). a+0=0+a=a
of a real number x with itself n times
Existence of additive identity n 1
will be written as x  x.x.x.....x
iv). 5  15  15  5  1
(n times multiplication of x with itself)
Existence of multiplicative inverse
Q2. Write the missing number.
Radicand: In x , x is called the radicand.
i). 2   __  4    2  6   4 Or Index:
In x , q is the index.
q
Answer missing number is 6
ii). 7   4  2   13 , so  7  4   2  ………… Or Index Or Exponent:
In x , n is called exponent or index.
n
Answer missing number is 13
9   3  4   108, so  9  3  4  ....... Base: In x , x is called Base & n is exponent
n
iii).
Answer missing number is 108 Exercise # 2.3
iv). 5   8  9    5  __   9 Q1. Write down the index and radicand for
Answer missing number is 8 each of the following expressions.
Q3. Choose the correct option. 11
i).
i). 8   6  7   ................. y
a). 8 6  7 b). 11
Answer: Here index 2 Radicand
8  6  7 y
c). 8 12 d). 8  6   7 13
ii). 3
ii). In which of the following illustrates the 3x
associative law of addition? 13
Answer: Here index 3 Radicand
a). 3   2  4    4  4   1 3x
b). 3   2  4  3  2  4 iii).
5
ab 2
c). 3   2  4  5  2  2 Answer: Here index 5 Radicand ab2
Q2. Transform the following radical forms into
d). 3   2  4   2  6  1
exponential forms. Do not simplify
iii). Which of the following illustrates the
i). 36
associative law of multiplication?

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Exercise # 2.3
33
Chapter 2
 36
1
Exponential form = 2
625 x3 y 4
iii).
25 xy 2
ii). 1000
625 x3 y 4
1000
1
Exponential form = 2
solution Given
25 xy 2
iii). 3
8
625 x 3 y 4
8 3
1
Exponential form =
25 xy 2
iv). n q
 25 x 2 y 2
q
1
Exponential form = n

 52 x 2 y 2
v). 5  6a  2 3
 5 2 x 2 y 2  5 xy
2 2 2

5  6a 
3

Exponential form =
 3 y  5
2 2
2
iv).
vi). 3
64
 3 y  5
2
solution Given
 64 
1
Exponential form = 3

  3 y  5
2
2

Q3. Transform the following exponential form of

an expression into radical form   3 y  5
7 3
1
i). v). 6 18
radical form = 3 7 solution Given 6 18
3
ii). x2  6 9 2
radical form = x 3 6 9 2
 8
1
iii). 5
 63 2
radical form = 5
8  18 2
3
iv). y 4

vi). 3
54x3 y 3 z 2
radical form = 4 3
y
solution Given 3
54x3 y 3 z 2
4
v). b 5

 3 27  2 x3 y 3 z 2
radical form =
5 4
b
 3 33 x3 y 3  2 z 2
 3x 
1
vi). q
3 3 3

q  33 x 3 y 3 3 2 z 2
radical form = 3x
Q4. Simplify  3 xy 3
2z2
i). 3
125x Laws of Exponents:
solution Given 3
125x 1. Sum of powers:
 3 125  3 x x m  x n  x m n
3 2. power of a product
 53  3 x
 x. y   xn .y n
n

5 3
x
3. power of power
x 
8 m n
ii). 3  x mn  x mn
27
4. quotient of powers with same base:
8
solution Given 3
xm
27  x m .x  n  x mn where m  n
xn
23
 3 xm 1 1
 n  m  n m where m  n
33 x n
x .x x
3
23 x m
 3 If m  n , m  x m .x  m  x mm  x 0  1
33 x
2 5. Power of fraction
 n
3 x xn
  
 y yn
Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics
 Exercise # 2.4
34
Chapter 2
6. Rational exponents 5
 b 6
If a is any positive natural number  
m
a
m, n  N and n  1, m  1 , then a n iii). a    a 
4 3

means nth root of a m and is defined Solution: Given   a     a 

4 3
m 1
as a n  a m   n  n a m or   a    a 
43 7

 a 7
m
 n
 a
m 1
m
a  a  
n n

  iv).  2a b 2 3 3

 
p
2 3 3
m p m p
  m q m

p mp
Solution: Given 2a b
1. x .x  x
n q n q 2.  x n   x n q  x nq
  2  a 23b33
3
 
m
 8a 6b9
m
m m m
x x n n
3.  x. y   x . y 4.    m , y  0
a 3  2b 
n n n 2
v)
 y yn
 2b 
2
Solution: Given a
3
m
m p
5. 
, x0
n
x
p
x n q
 a 3  4b 2
q
x
p
 4a 3b 2
 a b  a b 
 1
6. x q
 p
, x0 vi).
2 2

Solution: Given  a b  a b 
q
x 2 2

Exercise # 2.4
 a 2  2b11
Q1. Write base, exponent and the value of
 a 4b 2
the following.
1 a 0b 0
 2
9
i).  vii).
1024 2
Base = 2 exponent = - 9 value =
1 a 0b 0
Solution: Given
1024 2
p
a ap 1 a 0b 0
ii).    p   x0  0
b b 2 2
 
2
a ap viii). 3a b
2 2
Base = exponent = p value = p
b b
iii).  4   16
2 Solution: Given  3a b  2 2 2

  3 a 22b 22

2
Base = - 4 exponent = 2 value = 16
Q2. If a,b denote the real numbers then  9a 4b 4
simplify the following. 3
 a2  2
i). a  a
3 5
xi).  4 
Solution: Given a  a
3 5 b 
3
 a 3 5  a2  2
Solution: Given  4 
 a8 b 
3 2 3
2
 b 2  b  3 a 2
ii).     
a a 4
3
2
3 2 b
 b 2  b  3 a3
Solution: Given      6
a a b
Q3. Simplify the following
3 2

 b 2 3
 
a 76
i). 4
94 7
b 6
76
  Solution: Given 4
a 7

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Exercise # 2.4
35
Chapter 2
 7 6 4
1

ii).  ab  a
 72
1
 ab1  b
24.53 1
ii). Solution: Given  ab  a
102 1

24.53  ab1  b
Solution: Given 1
102

 ab  a   ab  a  ab  b
1 1

24.53 1
  ab  b
 2  5
2
1 1
  ab  a

b
24.53
 2 2 ba
  ab  ab
2 .5
 24 2.53 2 a b

 2 .52   ab  ab
a b a b
 4.5  a ab .b ab
 20 p 1 2 p  q pq q
3 iii). 2 p.3 q .5 .6
  a  b  . c  d  
iii). 
2 3 2 p
 6 .10 .15
  p 1 2 p  q pq q
  a  b  . c  d  
2
  Solution: Given 2 p.3 q .5 2
.6
p
3 6 .10 .15
  a  b  . c  d  
Solution: Given 
2 3

 2 
p 1 2 p q
.5 p  q.  2.3
q
2 .3
  a  b  . c  d 
 
 
 2.3 .  2.5 .  3.5 
p q2 p
 a  b  
3
. c  d 
2 1 3 2

2 p 1.32 p q.5 p  q.2q.3q
  a  b  . c  d  
3 3
2 p.3 p.2q  2.5q  2.3 p.5 p
2 p 1 q.32 p q  q.5 p  q
 a
1

iv). 3 2

2 p  q  2.3 p  p.5q  2 p
 
1

Solution: Given 3 2 2 p  q 1.32 p.5 p  q

a  pq2 2 p q p2
2 .3 .5
 a
1 1 1

3 2
a 3 2 32 p  2 p

1
2 p  q  2 p  q 1.5q  p  2 p  q
a  21352  2125  50
0
6 1

v).
  .  . 
5 5 4 4 pq q r r p
x . x iv). xp
xq
xq
xr
xr
xp
Solution: Given
5
x5 . 4 x 4
    . 
pq q r r p
5 4
Solution: Given xp
xq
. xq
xr
xr
xp
 x .x
x p p  q  x q q  r  x r  r  p 
5 4

 x1.x1  q p  q  . r  q  r  . p r  p 
x x x
 x2 2
 pq 2
 qr 2
 rp
xp xq xr
Q4. Simplify the following in such away that answer  . .
x pq  q x qr  r x rp  p
2 2 2
should not contain fractional or negative exponents.
1
 pq  pq  q 2  qr  qr  r 2  rp  rp  p 2
 xp
2 2 2
.x q .x r
i).  25 
2

 81   xp q2 r 2  p2
2 2 2
.x q .x r
1
 25  2  xp q2  q2 r 2  r 2  p2
2

Solution: Given  
 81   x0  1
1
 52 
1
2
 2   5 3 3 2
Q5. Prove that  4 .64 .2  2
9   85. 1282 
1  
2
2 1
5
  5 3 3 2
2
1
Solution: Taking LHS  4 .64 .2 
9 2
 85. 1282 
 
5
 1
9  225.263.23  2
  35 72 
 2 .2 

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Exercise # 2.4
36
Chapter 2
1
Let z1  a  ib and z2  c  id be two
 210.218.23  2
  15 14  complex numbers. Division of z1 and z2
 2 .2 
z1
1
denoted by and define as
 2 10 1831514 2
 z2
1 1 z1 a  ib
  23129  2  2 
2
2
z2 c  id
 2 = RHS Hence proved. z1 a  ib c  id
 
Complex numbers: z2 c  id c  id
In 1795, Gauss, a German Mathematician,
z1 ac  iad  ibc  i 2bd
gave the concept of Complex Number as 
c 2   id 
2
z2
a  ib or Z  a  1b where a is called the
real part and b is called imaginary part. z1 ac   1 bd  ibc  iad

c 2   1 d 2
2
Use of complex numbers: z2
Complex numbers play a very important role z1 ac  bd  i  bc  ad 
in Mathematics and science. The use of 
z2 c2  d 2
complex numbers is indispensable in physics,
Modulus or the Absolute value of Z:
Aeronautical and Electrical Engineering
especially in the analysis of Electric circuits.
The Modulus or the Absolute value of Z
Conjugate of Complex numbers: is defined as z  a  ib  a 2  b2
If z  a  ib then conjugate of Z is defined as Example: Add complex number 5  2i,3  i
z  a  ib  a  ib , is obtaining by interchanging Solution: Given to add 5  2i,3  i , Now
the sign of imaginary part.
Equality of two complex numbers:
 5  2i    3  i   5  3  2i  i
Let z1  a  ib and z2  c  id be two  8  3i
complex numbers if z1  z2 iff real parts
Example: subtract 7  3i from 5  8i
Sol: Given to subtract 7  3i from 5  8i
a  c and imaginary parts b  d
Addition of two complex numbers:
 5  8i    7  3i   5  8i  7  3i
Let z1  a  ib and z2  c  id be two  5  7  8i  3i
complex numbers. Addition of z1 and z2  2  11i
Exp:Let z1  2  i and z2  3  i then find z1 z2
denoted by z1  z2 and define as
Solution: Given z1  2  i and z2  3  i
z1  z2  a  ib  c  id
Now z1 z2   2  i  3  i 
 a  c  i b  d 
 6  2i  3i  i 2
Subtraction of two complex numbers:
 6  i   1
Let z1  a  ib and z2  c  id be two
 6 1 i
complex numbers. subtraction of z1 and z2
 7i
denoted by z1  z2 and define as
Example: Let z1  3  4i and z2  3  2i find
z1  z2   a  ib    c  id  z
 a  ib  c  id the quotient 1
z2
 a  c  i b  d  Solution: Given z1  3  4i and z2  3  2i
Multiplication of two complex numbers: z 3  4i
Now 1  to rationalize denominator
Let z1  a  ib and z2  c  id be two z2 3  2i
complex numbers. Multiplication of z1 and z1 3  4i 3  2i
 
z2 denoted by z1.z2 and define as z2 3  2i 3  2i
z1.z2   a  ib  c  id  z1 9  6i  12i  8i 2

32   2i 
2
 ac  iad  ibc  i 2bd z2
 ac   1 bd  i  ad  bc  z1 9  18i  8  1

 ac  bd  i  ad  bc  z2 9  4i 2
Division of two complex numbers:
Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics
 Exercise 2.5
37
Chapter 2
z1 9  8  18i Solution; 6  7i from 6  7i

z2 9  4  1 Now  6  7i    6  7i   6  7i  6  7i
z1 1  18i 1  18i  6  6  7i  7i
 
z2 9  4 13  0  14i
z1 1 18 Q3. Multiply the following complex numbers.
  i
z2 13 13 i). 1  2i, 3  8i
Exercise 2.5 Solution: Given 1  2i, 3  8i
Q1. Add the following complex numbers. Now 1  2i  3  8i   3  8i  6i  16i 2
i). 8  9i, 5  2i  3  2i  16  1
Solution; given that 8  9i, 5  2i  3  16  2i
Now  8  9i    5  2i   8  9i  5  2i  19  2i
 8  5  9i  2i ii). 2i, 4  7i
 13  11i Solution: Given 2i, 4  7i
ii). 6  3i, 3  5i Now 2i  4  7i   8i  14i 2

Solution; Given that 6  3i, 3  5i  8i  14  1

Now  6  3i    3  5i   6  3i  3  5i  14  8i
 6  3  3i  5i iii). 5  3i, 2  4i
 9  2i Solution: Given 5  3i, 2  4i
iii). 2i  3,8  5 1 Now  5  3i  2  4i   10  20i  6i  12i 2
Solution; since i  1 so given complex  10  26i  12  1
number becomes 2i  3,8  5i  10  12  26i
Now  2i  3   8  5i   2i  3  8  5i  2  26i
 3  8  2i  5i iv). 2  i, 1  2i
 11  3i
Solution: Given 2  i, 1  2i
iv). 3  2i, 3 3  2 2i
Solution; Given 3  2i, 3 3  2 2i
Now   
2  i 1  2i  2  4i  i  2i 2
 2  2i  i  2  1
Now
   
3  2i  3 3  2 2i  3  3 3  2i  2 2i  2  2 i

 4 3  2i  2 2 i
Q4. Divide the first complex number by second.
Q2. Subtract.
i). z1  2  i, z2  5  i
i). 2  3i from 6  3i
Solution: given z1  2  i, z2  5  i
Solution; given that 2  3i , 6  3i
z1 2  i
Now  6  3i    2  3i   6  3i  2  3i Now 
z2 5  i
 6  2  3i  3i
To Rationalize the denominator Multiply &
 8  6i
dividing by conjugate of 5  i i.e., 5  i
ii). 9  4i from 9  8i z1 2i 5i
 
Solution; given that 9  4i , 9  8i z2 5i 5i
 9  8i    9  4i   9  8i  9  4i z1 10  2i  5i  i 2

z2 52  i 2
 9  9  8i  4i
z1 10  7i   1
 0  12i 
z2 25   1
iii). 1  3i from 8  i z1 10  1  7i
Solution; Given 1  3i from 8  i 
z2 25  1
Now  8  i   1  3i   8  i  1  3i z1 9  7i

 8  1  i  3i z2 26
 7  2i z1

9

7
i
iv). 6  7i from 6  7i z2 26 26

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Review Exercise 2
38
Chapter 2
ii). z1  3i  4, z2  1  i 
8  15  2i
Solution: Given z1  3i  4, z2  1  i 16  25
23  2i
z1 3i  4 
Now  41
z2 1  i
23 2
To Rationalize the denominator Multiply   i
41 41
and dividing by conjugate of 1  i i.e., 1  i Q6. Find the complex conjugate of the following
z1 3i  4 1  i complex numbers.
 
z2 1  i 1  i i). 8  3i
Solution: Given 8  3i
z1 3i  3i 2  4  4i
 8  3i  8  3i
z2 12  i 2
ii). 4  9i
z1 3  1  4  3i  4i Solution: Given 4  9i

z2 1   1 4  9i  4  9i
z1 3  4  7i iii). 7  6i

z2 11 Solution: Given 7  6i

z1 1  7i 7  6i  7  6i

z2 2 iv). 5 i
z1 1 7 Solution: Given 5 i
  i
z2 2 2 5 i  5 i
Q5. Perform the indicated operations and Review Exercise 2
reduce to the form a  bi Q1. Tell whether the following are true or false
i). 4  3i    2  3i  1
i). 3  3
3
False
Solution: Given  4  3i    2  3i  2

 4  3i  2  3i ii). 2 3 3
4 True
 4  2  3i  3i iii). 49  7 False

 6  6i iv). 3
27  x3 False
ii).  5  2i    4  7i  Q2. Select the correct answer.

Solution: Given  5  2i    4  7i  i). The additive inverse of 5 is

1
 5  2i  4  7i a).  5 b).
5
 5  4  2i  7i
c). 3 d). -5
 1  5i
iii). 2i  4  5i  ii). 2 3  4  2  3  3 4 name the property
a). commutative b). Associative
Solution: Given 2i  4  5i 
c). Distributive d). closure
 8i  10i 2 iii). 1  1  ………………………………
 8i  10  1 a). 1 b). i
c). – 1 d). 0
 10  8i
iv). Which of the following represents number
iv).  2  3i    5i 
 4
greater than -3 but less then 6?
Solution: Given  2  3i    4  5i  a).  x : 3  x  6 b).  x : 3  x  6
2  3i c).  x : 3  x  6 d).  x : 3  x  6

4  5i
v). if n  8 and 16  2m  4n8 then m = ?
To Rationalize the denominator  &  by
a). – 4 b). -2
conjugate of 4  5i i.e., 4  5i
c). 0 c). 8
2  3i 4  5i
  vi).  i  i  = …………………………………
4  5i 4  5i
a). 1 b). -1
8  10i  12i  15i 2
 c).  i d). i
42   5i 
2
vii). The multiplicative identity of real numbers is
8  2i  15  1 a). 0 b). 1

16  25  1 c). -1 d). R

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics

 Review Exercise 2
39
Chapter 2
viii). 0 is …………………………………………  2  5i   1  6i 
a). a positive integer b). a negative integer 2  5i
c). neither positive nor negative 
1  6i
d). Not an integer
To Rationalize the denominator Multiply
ix). For i  1 if 3i  2  5i   x  6i then x  ? &dividing by conjugate of 1  6i i.e., 1  6i
a). 5 b). - 15 2  5i 1  6i
c). 5i d). 15i  
1  6i 1  6i
x). 0 …………………………… 2  12i  5i  30i 2
a). 0 b). 1

1  36i 2
c). -1 d). not defined
2  7i  30  1

  9   ? i  1 1  36  1
2
xi). note :
a). 9 b). 9i 2  30  7i

c). 9i d). 9i 1  36
Q3. Simplify each of the following. 32 7
  i
i).  2 
3
37 37
 
 3  1 1
Q6. Name the property used 7   7 1
Solution: Given  2 
3
7 7
 3  Answer: Multiplicative inverse
 2  Q7. Use laws of exponents to simplify
3
8
 
81 .35   3  243
n 4 n 1
33 27
ii).  2   3
3 2
9 3 
2n 3

81 .35   3  243

4 n 1
Solution: Given  2   3
3 2 n

Solution: Given
 8  9 9 3  2n 3

 72

 3  .3   3 3 
4 n 5 4 n 1 5

iii). 3 48
 3  3 22 n 3

Solution: Given 3 48
34 n.35  34 n 1.35
 3 16  3 
34 n.33
 3 16 3
34 n.35 1  31 
 3  4 3 
34 n.33
 12 3  1 4
 32 1    9  
iv).
5  3 3
3
9  12
5
Solution: Given
3
9
3
5 3
 3
 3
9 3
53 3 53 3 53 3
 3
 3 
27 3
33
Q4. Multiply 8i, 8i
Solution: Given to multiply 8i, 8i
 8i  8i 
 64i 2
 64  1
 64
Q5. Divide 2  5i by 1  6i
Solution: Given to divide 2  5i by 1  6i

Khalid Mehmood M-Phil Applied Mathematics