Power Electronics Laboratory

Experiment No.2

Name:

1. Nagesh Samane 2017A8PS0612P

2. Nihal Singh 2017A3PSP1159P

3. Harmeet Singh 2017A3PS0333P

Section – 3 Batch – 5

Marks Obtained - Date – 28/01/2020

Objective:

Study the characteristics of PWM IC 3524/3525. Go through the

various functions and outputs of the IC.

Description and Theory:

The SG/LM-3524 devices incorporate all the functions required in the

construction of a regulating power supply, inverter, or switching regulator on a
single chip. They also can be used as the control element for high-power-output
applications. The SG/LM-3524 was designed for switching regulators of either
polarity, transformer-coupled dc-to-dc converters, transformer less voltage
doublers, and polarity-converter applications employing fixed-frequency, pulse-
width modulation (PWM) techniques. The complementary output allows either
single-ended or push-pull application. Each device includes an on-chip regulator,
error amplifier, programmable oscillator, pulse-steering flip-flop, two
uncommitted pass transistors, a high-gain comparator, and current-limiting and
shutdown circuitry.

Functions which can be provided by the IC are:

 Voltage regulator
 Oscillator
  Error amplifier
 Current limiter
 Synchronous operation


These functions have the following primary applications

 Transformer-coupled DC/DC converters
 Switching-regulators of any polarity
The block diagram of the IC:

Figure 1: Block Diagram of SG-3524 IC

Pinout for SG 3524:

Figure 2 SG-3524 Pinout

LM 3524 is a regulating pulse width modulator IC that can be used for both
control of switching regulators and motor speed. The oscillator frequency fosc at
pin 3 is given by

fosc = 1.15/RTCT

According to the datasheet, values of RT & CT must be in the range as

given below for minimum to maximum frequency range selection.

Frequency at E1 and E2 or C1 and C2 is half of that at pin 3. Set the oscillator

frequency at pin 3 equal to #0 kHz by choosing the suitable value of RT and by
setting CT equal to 0.01 µF.
 Parameters Min. value Max. value
RT 1.8 kΩ 100 kΩ
CT 0.001 µF 0.1 µF
Fosc ~450 kHz (Max.) ~100 Hz (Min.)
tr Turn-off voltage rise time 0.2 µs (For 20 kHz Fosc)
tf Turn-on voltage fall time 0.1 µs (For 20 kHz Fosc)

Schematic of LM 3524
Procedure:

 Wire the circuit as shown in Fig. 1.


 Take CT 103 (10*103 pF) and calculate the value of RT according to desired
frequency value.

 Now observe the waveform at Pin 3, the oscillator output and note
 down the blinking pulse frequency.
  Observe the waveform at CT (Pin 7) and frequency.
 Adjust the 10-kΩ pot.

 Observe the waveform and frequency at E1 and E2 (Pin 11 and
14) simultaneous.

 Now join Pin 11 and Pin 14 and vary 10-kΩ pot accordingly to observe the
minimum and maximum duty ratio. Also observe the frequency value.

Calculations:

For fosc= 30 kHz, CT = 0.01uF

Rt = 1.15/ (30000Hz*0.01uF)
Rt = 3.8 kΩ

Measured: Rt = 4.3 kΩ

Error percentage: 13.15%

DSO Screenshots (PIN OUTPUTS)

Figure 4 Pin 3 output showing Fosc

Pin 7

Figure 5 PIN 7 Output showing Ct

Pin 11 and Pin 14

Figure 6 PIN 11 Output

Figure 7 Pin 14 output

Figure 8 Pin 11 and Pin 14 output

Figure 9 PIN 11 and PIN 14 overlapped output to show the phase difference
 Pin 11 and Pin 14 shorted

Figure 10 PIN 11 and PIN 14 shorted

Conclusion:

Thus, the working of the PWM IC 3524 was understood. The required resistance for 20
kHz frequency generation was found to be 6.89 kΩ. The voltage PWM generated at
the different pins were henceforth obtained using the DSO.