sHessian - The Hessian operator on curved surface

Calling Sequence
sHessian(param, func, vars)

Parameters
param - list with a surface parametrization, or a quadratic form of a metric

func - function or arithmetic operations for scalar function

vars - list with independent variables of the surface

metric - (optional; name) modifies the input type of the param argument to
the quadratic form of a metric.

Description
• The sHessian(param, func, vars) computes the Hessian of a scalar function, func, on surface
parametrization given in param, of orthogonal or non-orthogonal coordinates.
• When the metric argument is used, the param argument must be terms of the quadratic form of
a metric.

Examples:
> with(Surf);
sChristoffelSymbols, sContinuityEquation, sCurl, sCurveCurvature, sCurveLength, (3.1)
sDivergence, sEnergyEquation, sFirstForm, sGeodesicCurvature,
sGeodesicEquations, sGradient, sHeatKernelExpansion, sHessian, sLaplacian,
sMotionEquation, sNormalCurvature, sNormalVector, sPlotWorm, sSecondForm,
sSurfaceCurvature, sTorsion, sVdaCosta, sViscousStress, sWeingarten
The sphere
> sphere := [r*sin(u)*cos(v), r*sin(u)*sin(v), r*cos(u)]:

The hessian in spherical coordinates

> sHessian(sphere,f(u,v),[r,u,v]);
f u, v f u, v
u v
0, , , (3.2)
r r

f u, v 2 2
cos u f u, v
u v
, f u, v , f u, v ,
r u2 u v sin u
 f u, v 2
cos u f u, v 2
v v
, f u, v , f u, v
r u v sin u v2

cos u sin u f u, v ,
u

The hessian on sphere

> sHessian(sphere,f(u,v),[u,v]);

2 2
cos u f u, v
v
f u, v , f u, v , (3.3)
u2 u v sin u

2
cos u f u, v 2
v
f u, v , f u, v cos u sin u
u v sin u v2 u

f u, v ,

A tubular surface
> tubularsurface:=[(a+r*sin(u))*cos(v),(a+r*sin(u))*sin(v),p*v+
r*cos(v)];
tubularsurface a r sin u cos v , a r sin u sin v , p v cos v r (3.4)

The hessian on a tubular surface

> sHessian(tubularsurface,f(u,v),[u,v]);

2
sin u f u, v 2
u
f u, v , f u, v (3.5)
u2 cos u u v

r cos u a r sin u f u, v
v
2 2
, ,
r2 cos u 2
cos v r 2 sin v p r 2 sin u a r a2 p2 2 r2

2
f u, v
u v

r cos u a r sin u f u, v
v
2 2
,
r2 cos u 2
cos v r 2 sin v p r 2 sin u a r a2 p2 2 r2

2
r sin u a f u, v
u
f u, v
v2 r cos u

cos v r p r sin v f u, v
v
2 2
,
r2 cos u 2
cos v r 2 sin v p r 2 sin u a r a2 p2 2 r2
Let the non-orthogonal metric
> ds2:=u^2*v^2*dr^2+2*u*v^2*r*dr*du+2*u^2*v*r*dr*dv+(r^2*v^2+1)*
du^2+2*r^2*v*u*du*dv+(r^2*u^2+1)*dv^2;
ds2 u2 v2 dr2 2 u v2 r dr du 2 u2 v r dr dv r2 v2 1 du2 2 r2 v u du dv (3.6)
r2 u2 1 dv2

The Hessian of a function on surface of the metric ds2

> sHessian(ds2,f(u,v),[r,u,v],metric);
u v2 f u, v u2 v f u, v r v2 f u, v
u v u
, , (3.7)
r2 v2 1 r2 u2 1 r2 v2 1

r u2 f u, v
v
, ,
r2 u2 1

r v2 f u, v 2
r2 v f u, v 2
u v
, f u, v , f u, v
r2 v2 1 u2 r2 u2 1 u v

r2 v f u, v r2 u f u, v
u v
, ,
r2 v2 1 r2 u2 1

r u2 f u, v 2
r2 v f u, v
v u
, f u, v
r2 u2 1 u v r2 v2 1

r2 u f u, v 2
r2 u f u, v
v u
, f u, v ,
r2 u2 1 v2 r2 v2 1

>

Reference

B. Dubrovin, A. Fomenko, S. Novikov. Modern geometry methods and applications. Part I.

The geometry of surfaces, transformation groups, and fields. Graduate Texts in
Mathematic Vol. (93) (1984).
Simmonds, James G. A brief on tensor analysis. Undergraduate Texts in Mathematics (2012)
.