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Reading and Use of English Paper 1 Part 4 Training Useful language: collocations 1 make: a mistake, a noise, fiends, fun, progress, notes, time hhave: a party, a shower, fun, time, a break, a job, friends go: shopping, swiruning, skiing, riding take: photo, the bus, a break, notes, a shower, time, a job do: sports, some homework, a job, the dishes Suggested answers to add: make: a coffee, a suggestion « decision, « phone call - have: an accident, a shock, an ides, a meeting go: cycling, sailing, ishing, climbing, take: an exam, the train a decision, a guess do: the cooking, research, an English course, «crossword 2 Suggested answers: beat: the record, an opponent, a carpet, the trafic catch: a cold, a train, a fish, @ glimpse eam: money, respect, a salary, a living hold: the record, hands, a meeting, a licence ‘eop the change, a sectet, a diay, a promise Tose: a job, money, a gume, interest miss: the bus, the point, an opportunity frend pass: an exam, atest, the salt, the ball play: the piano, a role, card, tennis save: time, money, energy, a penalty spends time, money, the night, a fortune win: race, a prize, support, & match 3 Amake-+ go Deam-> win 3spend—> have 4 lose -> miss Spass-rhave Gatch — take 7won-> beat Smake — do Dake > play 10have + keep 4 Zafraid, aware, care, jealous 3 dopend, rly, keen, agree 4 interested, involved, succeed, belong, S.agree, belong, bound, object Gagree, belong, pleased, familia, involved Suggested answers to add: for: responsible, wait, known of: capable, approve, proud on: insist, concentrate, based in: result, specialise, lacking to: used, opposed, sensitive with: disappointed, satisfied, popular 51B 2C 3B 4A SC 6D 7A 8B 9D WC Exam practice Advice Lbeyond 2known 3 from’ and ‘to’ 4high S estimated Ggrcaily Treached Scome up with Exam task 1 Ds only ‘along’ and ‘beyond’ can be used directly before a noun phrase, and ‘beyond’ has the comect meaning of ‘outside’ or ‘on the other side of" 2. Bi “known as’ means ‘celled by that name’, in this case ‘space junk’ 3 Ds ‘range’ completes the structure “from..t0." ‘At ‘high’ completes the common collocation “high speed’ CC: both ‘supposed! and ‘estimated’ can be folloied by the perfect infinitive, but ‘supposed to” is for something that should have happened but didnot 6 Bs none ofthe others collocate with ‘increased 7 Bs tho only one of these verbs that collocates with ‘agreement’ and “on” is “reached” 8 Czonly “come up with’ collocates with “suggestion” Part 2 Training Useful language: relative pronouns and linking expressions A 1who 2which 3whose 4when Swhere Gthat 7 that B that 2 Awhose—+ who 2which-- when 3correst 4 who which ‘Swhich -> whovthat 6 that ~> when 7 what —> that 8 which -> Where 9eorect 10:that— which 3 Lwhose 2who 3when 4where Swhich 6 whose ‘Twhen 8 whichthat 4 addition: as well as, besides, in adition to conditional: provided Cia), uniess, as long as contrast: although, despite (he fact that) (end) yet though, whereas, while, even though, inspite of, even so, however purpose: in order 1, so, inorder that, 80 80 reason: because of, on account of due to (the fat that), owing to, 5 Abecause of unless Jincase 45098 $ inorder Gowing to 7Even though Bsince if 10In spite of 6 Laccount addition 3yevleven so spite 5 though Gduclowing 7 well Bbecause Pto/inorder 10 unless UL long 12 bav/ehthoughithouglveven though 7 Advice 9 even though’ 10°xs did’ 11 “until” completes ‘it wasn't unt’ 12 ‘when' 13 “despite the fact thar” 14 ‘as! 15 ‘where’ 16 ‘in favour of Exam task {atttudes: second paragraph; history: first paragraph 29 though/when: ‘though’ completes the link ‘even though’, which ‘contrasts the ideas in the two parts ofthe sentence, ‘When’ is also possible. 10 cid: “aid” completes the expression ‘as did’, Which here is used (0 ‘avoid saying ‘and the Aztecs chewed gum" 111 until: “uni” completes the time expression “it wasn’t until. ‘The informal “ll is also possible. {12 when: here, ‘when isa relative pronoun that refers back to “1869 13 despite: it completes the link ‘despite the Fact that’, which contrasts the ideas in the two parts ofthe sentence, 142s: ‘egarded’ is often followed by the preposition ‘as’. Together they mesa ‘considered’. 15 where: ‘where’ is a reletive pronoun which here refers beck 10 “the pavement’ 16 in: ‘in’ completes the expression ‘in favour of’, here meaning supporting or approving of Answer Key & transcript | 183 Part 3 Training Useful language: word formation 1 abieddd ta verb | noun(s) aijective(s) adverb(s) confer | comfon(9, aneomfortble | (anJeomforably discomfonis) ‘ermploy | employee(s), (amempleyes, — |X employers, (onpemployable {(an)employment Tipe | hopets) topetl, hopeless | hopefily 7 hopelessly X [noise noisiness | noiyCevriew), | nisi, tools toseesly Toe [Tosser losers) [toss tesing [XX X___ | seiencts, cent | onscientife | unbcientiiealy relic | relatives), relations) | relative elated | relatively relatonship(s) succeed | suceess(es) Canjeccestl | (ondosoessily 2b employee - person employed, employer — person who employs people, employment ~ paid work; employed — having a paid job, employable - able to do paid work: hopeful ~ feeling positive bout a future event, hopeless —not likely to succeed or improve; hopefully —in a positive way; hopelessly ~ in # negative way; noise = 28 sound, noisiness ~ 9 lt of noise; noisy ~ people or things that, rake a noise, noiseless ~ silent; noisily ~ making e lot of noise while doing something, noiselessly ~ silently; loss ~ somethi Tost, loser ~ person who loses; lost ~not found or not won, losing — player or team that loses; science — the school subject or academic fine, scienist~ person who studies or works in science: relative and relation ~ family member, relation — connection betsieen two things relationship — the way people fee! and behave towards each other; relative ~ compared to, related ~ connected 3. 2 scientists 3noisy 4 unemployment 5 hopeless uncomfortable Tunsuccessful 8 loss 4. 1 loosing ~> losing (spelling) 2 unemployments ~+ unemployment (singulariplural) 3 inacceptable -> unacceptable (aflix) 4 evidences -> evidence (singulas/plural) 5 relation ~> relationship (affix) 6 scientific scientific (spelling) 7 disagree ~ disagreement (affix) 8 hopefull > hopeful (pelling) 9 uncegularly ~ icegular (alixes) 10 Employeecs > Employers (spelling/atix) Advice 17 The ‘eis dropped. 18 negative 19 ‘over’ + ‘come’ 20The final ‘eis dropped. 21 plural 22 The ‘y’ changes to ‘23 tion’ oual? 24 the “ing” form Exam task 1 Tnown, ‘ment* 2.17 incroductions: a plural noun is needed. The ‘" is dropped, the suffix ‘tion’ and ans" ave added, 18 impolite: the negative prefix ‘im’ is added. 19 overcome: ‘over is added to ‘come to form a compound verb that collecates with ‘problem’ 20 observation: a singular noun is needed. The final ‘eis dropped tnd the sufix ‘ation’ added. 184 | Answor Key & transcript 21 characteristics: a noun is required. The suffix “isties' is added; it rnust be plural bocause two characteristics are mentioned high foreheads’ and ‘narvow eyebrows’), 22 variety: a singular noun meaning ‘range! is needed. The 'y’ ‘changes to", andthe suffix ‘ety’ is added. 23 visual: an adjective is needed. To form i, “ion” changes to ‘ual’, 24 ensuring: the prefix ‘en’ is added to form the verb, after a preposition, the-ing form required, but the al” mis fest be Sropped Part 4 Training Useful language: key word transformations 11 verbs: enjoy, suggest, avoid + admit, finish, can’t stand prepositions. without, after, despite + about, upon, against ‘two-part (and three-part) verbs: carry on, give up, put off + take up, keep on, end up ‘expressions: it's no use, there's no point in), it’s not worth + pleased about, capable f, good at 2. verbs: decide, expect, plan + promise, offer, threaten verbs + object help someone, want something, tell someone + allow someone, ask someone, teacit someone adjectives likely ensy, pleased + possible, difficult, disappointed 23 cither: stop, Forget, try + remember, mean, go on 2 2listening to music inthe evening, 3 t0 be late again. 4 playing tennis until Saturday. Staying here. 6 feeling ill, I weat to school, 7t0.come to my party. 8 (call Emma, 3 Ltohave having 2 writing ->to write 30 place -r placing Ahearing - to hear Sto use using 6 to open > opening Tsecing > to-see 8 to light — lighting 9 telling 10 tll 10 to have seen -> seeing 4 Suggested answers: ‘might have donefmight not have done, may have donefmay not have done, could have done/could not (couldn) have done, should have

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