MONALIZA B. DUCOS JULIFER P.

LABIS
EDUC 1 JAN. 29, 2020

REFLECTION OF 14 PSYCHOLOGICAL
PRINCIPLES

In this topic “The Learner - Centered Principles” I learned that it provides an

excellent guide for restructuring our schools so that they are more relevant to students. A
school that adopts and lives by these principles centers attention on learners rather than
on teaching, curriculum, instruction or administration of the school.

The following 14 psychological factors pertain to the learner and the learning
process. For the first principle, we need to use techniques that aid students in
constructing meaning from information, experiences, and their own thought and beliefs.
In the second, we should create meaningful student learning goals consistent with their
personal and educational aspirations and interests. Next, assist learners in acquiring and
integrating knowledge by using such strategies as concept mapping and thematic
organization or categorizing. Fourth, as a future educator we should assist learners in
developing, applying, and assessing their strategic learning skills. The fifth principle, we
should use instructional methods that focus on helping learners develop these higher
order strategies to enhance learning and personal responsibility for learning. Sixth, we
are entitled to make the classroom environment nurturing to have significant impacts on
student learning. For the seventh principle, we need to help students avoid intense
negative emotions and related thoughts. Next principle, we should encourage and support
learners’ natural curiosity and motivation to learn by attending to individual differences in
learners’ perceptions of optimal novelty and difficulty, relevance, and personal choice and
control. Nineth, in this principle we should facilitate motivation by using strategies that
enhance learner effort and commitment to learning and to achieving high standards of
comprehension and understanding. Then, we will be aware of and understand
developmental differences among students with and without emotional, physical, or
intellectual disabilities, to facilitate the creation of optimal learning contexts. Next, we
shoul allow for interactive and collaborative instructional contexts to provide individuals
an opportunity for perspective taking and reflective thinking that may lead to higher levels
of cognitive, social and moral development, as well as self-esteem. Also, we should help
student examine their learning preferences and expand or modify them, if necessary.
Then, we should be paying careful attention to these factors in the instructional setting
enhances the possibilities for designing and implementing appropriate learning
environments. Lastly, we should use of varied types of assessment will provide a clearer
picture of student learning.

The principles are intended to deal holistically with learners in the context of real-
world learning situations. Thus, they are best understood as an organized set of
principles; no principle should be viewed in isolation. The 14 principles are divided into
those referring to cognitive and metacognitive, motivational and affective, developmental
and social, and individual difference factors influencing learners and learning.

They focus on psychological factors that are primarily internal to and under the
control of the learner rather than conditioned habits or physiological factors. However, the
principles also attempt to acknowledge external environment or contextual factors that
interact with these internal factors.