ENGLISH ASSIGNMENT

GRAMMAR : TENSES

EKA YULIASTUTI

1810421014

BIOLOGY DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCE

ANDALAS UNIVERSITY

PADANG, 2020
 GRAMMAR : TENSES

1. Present Tenses
2. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
Rumus: kebenaran umum:
(+) = S+V1(es/s)+O (+) A week has seven day
(-) = S+Do/does+Not+V1+O (-) A week has not seven day
(?) =Do/does+S+V1+O (?) Has a week seven day?

Example: Time Signal :

(+) He writes a letter every month
(-) He doesn’t writes a letter every month
(?) Does he writes a letter every month?
Fungsi:
1. Dilakukan untuk melakukan perbuatan
kebiasaan:
(+) He is works every day
(-) He is not works every day
(?) Is he works every day?
1. Usually, Ex: I usually get up at 5
o’clock
2. Always, Ex: I always drink milk
3. Often, Ex: I often goes to my grand
mother house
4. Generally, Ex: A rectangular has four
corner
5. Seldom, Ex: She seldom goes to school
by car

2. Present Continous Tenses

b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
Rumus: perbuatan yang bersifat sementara
(+) S+V.ing+O Ex: (+) Chindy is writing now but he will
(-) S+do/does+not+V1+O explain soon
(?) Do/does +S+V1+O (-) Chindy is not writing now but he will
explain soon
Example: (?) Is Chindy writing now but he will
(+) I am teaching English at the first grade explain soon?
of SMK 2 MEI
(-) I am not teaching English at the first Time Signal
grade of SMK 2 MEI 1. Today, Ex : I am today teaching
(?) Am I teaching Englidh at the first English
grade of SMK 2 MEI? 2. Right now, Ex : Rini is working right
now
Fungsi : 3. When, Ex : Rina is coming hear when
Digunakan untuk menyatakan perbuatan I go to park
yang sedang terjadi 4. Now, Ex : Roy is going to Bandung
(+) I am going to Jakarta Now now
(-) I am not going to Jakarta now 5. Still, Ex : He is still angry to me
(?) Am I going to Jakarta now?
3. Past Tenses
Rumus:
(+) : S+V2+O
(-) : S+Did not+V2+O
(?): Did+S+V2+O
Example:
(+) Sarah invite me last week
(-) Sarah did not invite last week
(?) Did Sarah invite last week?
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
kejadian yang dimulai dan kejadian
ituberakhir, pada masa yang lampau. Dan
sampai sekarang ini, sudah tidak ada
hubungannya lagi. Kejadian yang lampau
4. Past Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+was/were+vVing+O
(-): S+was/were+not+v.ing+o
(?): was/were+S+v.ing+o
Example:
(+) He was playing football yesterday
(-) He was not playing football yesterday
(?) was he playing football yesterday?
Fungsi:
a. Digunakan untuk menyatakan dua
kejadian yang sedang berlangsung dalam
waktu yang bersamaan di masa yang
lampau.
Ex: (+) I was going to garden when it
began to rain
(-) I was not going to garden when it
began to rain
(?) Was I going to garden when it gegan
to rain?
itu, baik dilakukan secara berkali-kali
atau sekali.
Ex: (+) I went yesterday
(-) I did not went yesterday
(?) Did I went yesterday?
Time signal
1. Last Year, Ex: I went to Yogjakarta last
year
2. Yesterday, Ex: Dini went to my home
yesterday
3. Last Week, Ex: I fineshed my worked
lasr week
4. Ago, Ex: She taught English three days
ago
5. Last Saturday, Ex: I went to here last
Saturday
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang sedang berlangsung pada
masa yang lampau.
Ex: (+) at three o’clock last week, She
was reading
(-) at three o’clock last week, she was not
reading
(?) at three o’clock last week,was she
reading?
c. Bentuk ini, juga digunakan untuk
menyatakan dua kejadian yang
bersamaan waktu dan berlangsung lama
pada masa yang lampau.
Ex: (+) I was reading a book, while Ani
writing a letter
(-) I was not reading a book,while Ani
writing a letter
(?) Was I reading a book,while Ani
writing a letter?
Time signal
1. Last Week, Ex: at seven o’clock last
week
2. Yesterday, Ex: all day yesterday
5. Simple Future Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+shall+/will+V1+
(-): S+shall/will+not+V1+O
(?): Shall/will+S+V1+O
Example:
(+) He will go to Pasir Panjang tomorrow
morning
(-) He will not go to Pasir Panjang
tomorrow morning
(?) Will he go to pasir Panjang tomorrow
morning?
Fungsi:
a. digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang akan dilakukan.
Ex: (+) I shall go to Surakarta tomorrow
(-) I shall not go to Surakarta tomorrow\
(?) Shall I go to Surakarta tomorrow?
b. Juga bisa digunakan untuk menyatakan
suatu janji.
6. PAST FUTURE TENSES
Rumus:
(+): S+should/would+V1+O
(-): S+should/would+not+V1+O
(?): Should/would+S+V1+O
Example:
(+) I should go to Mojosari next day
(-) I should not go to Mojosari next day
(?) Should I go to Mojosari next day?
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang akan dilakukan pada
masa lampau.
Ex: (+) I shall give you book tomorrow
(-) I shall not give you book tomorrow
(?) Shall I give you book tomorrow?
c. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
janji, tapi dengan syarat:
Ex: (+) Your mother will give you a new
car if you past your exams
(-) Your mother will not give you a new
car if you past your exams
(?) Will your mother give you a new car
if you past your exams?
d. Digunakan untuk menyantks\an
meminta tolong kepada seseorang.
Ex: (+) you will help me lift this table
(-) You will not help me lift this table
(?) Will you help me lift this table?
Time signal:
1. Tomorrow, Ex: I shall work tomorrow
2. Next week, Ex: I shall teach next week
3. Next Mounth, Ex: He will study in here
next mounth
Ex: (+) I should go to England last year
(-) I should not go to England last year
(?) Should I go to England last year?
Time signal:
1. Last year, Ex: He would go to
Semarang last year
2. Last week, Ex: They would trip a Paris
last week
3. Before, Ex: I should by a car the day
before
4. Next day, Ex: She should go to Riau
next day
5. Invited, Ex: They would come if you
invited him
7. Present Perfect Tenses
Rumus:
(+) : S+have/has+V3+O
(-) : S+have/has+not+V3+O
(?): Have/has+S+V3+O
Example:
(+) We have learned ant for two years
(-) We have not learned ant for two years
(?) Have we learned ant for two years?
Fungsi:
a. Menyatakan suatu kejadian di masa
yang lampau tanpa menyebutkan waktu
yang khusus (tertentu).
Ex: (+) I have gone to school
(-) I have not gone to school
(?) Have I gone to school?
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan di masa lampau dan kegiatan
masih berlangsung sampai saat ini.
8. PAST PERFECT TENSES
Rumus:
(+): S+had+V3+O
(-): S+had not+V3+o
(?):Had+S+V3+O
Example:
(+) The train had left before I arrived
(-) The train had not left before I arrived
(?) Had the train left before I arrived?
Fungsi:
a. Menyatakan kejadian yang selesai
sebelum kejadian lain terjadi dimasa
lampau.
Ex: (+) I had come home before I when
three
(-) I had not come home before I when
three
(?) Had I come home before I when three?
Ex: (+) I have learned in the 2 Mei school
since 2000
(-) I have not learned in the 2 Mei school
since 2000
(?) Have I learned in the 2 Mei school
since 2000?
c. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang baru saja telah terjadi.
Ex: (+) I have just read my book
(-) I have not just read my book
(?) Have I just read my book?
Time signal:
1. Already, Ex: have had breakfast
already
2. Three Times, Ex: I have been drink
medicine three times a day
3. Finally, Ex: finally, He has started to
finally
b. Menyatakan perbuatan sebelum waktu
tertentu dimasa yang lampau.
Ex: (+) By the end of the mounth, she had
lived here
(-) By the end of the mounth, she had not
lived here
(?) Had by the end of the mounth, she
lived here?
Time signal:
1. On, Ex: On sunday morning, I painted
my car
2. When, Ex: When my brother arrived, I
had painted my car
3. Before, Ex: The train had left before I
arrived
4. After, Ex: She told me her name after I
had asked her twice
9. Future Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+shall/will+be+Ving+O
(-): S+shall/will+not+be+Ving+O
(?): Shall/will+S+be+ving+O
Example:
(+) I shall be waiting for you in this
station at four
(-) I shall not be waiting for you in this
station at four
(?) Shall I be waiting for you in this
station at four?
Fungsi:
a. Menyatakan suatu rencana mendatang.
Ex: (+) I will be going to Pantai
Prambanan tomorrow
10. Present Perfect Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+have/has+been+Ving+O
(-): S+have/has+not+been+Ving+O
(?): Have/has+S+been+Ving+O
Example:
(+) I have been going to Pantai Samudra
for my holiday since 2002
(-) I have not going to Painting Samudra
for my holiday since 2002
(?) Have I going to Pantai Samudra for
my holiday since 2002?
Fungsi:
a. Untuk kebiasaan masa lampau, dan
masih berlangsung hingga saat ini.
Ex: (+) I have been going to my mother
home for my holiday since 1990
(-) I have not been going to my mother
home for my holiday since 1990
(-) I will not going to Pantai Prambanan
tomorrow
(?) Will I going to Pantai Prambanan
tomorrow?
b. Untuk menyatakan waktu tertentu,
pada masa mendatang.
Ex: (+) I shall be writing a letter at seven
o’clock tomorrow
(-) I shall not be writing a letter at seven
o’clock tomorrow
(?) Shall I be writing a letter at seven
o’clock tomorrow?
Time signal:
1. At nine a o’clock tomorrow, Ex: I shall
be working at nine a o’clock tomorrow
morning
2. At this time next year, Ex: at this time
next year, Peter will be traveling in Japan
(?) Have I been going to my mother home
for my holiday since 1990?
b. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbuatan yang telah terjadi dimasa
lampau dan akan berlangsung sampiai
sekarang.
Ex: (+) I have been studying here since
2000
(-) I have not been studying here since
2000
(?) Have I been studying here since
2000?
Time signal:
1. Since, Ex: We have been waiting for
you since ne o’clock
2. For, Ex: She has been studying English
for over five tears
3. This mounth, Ex: I have been studying
at his place this mounth
11. Past Perfect Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+had+been+vVng+O
(-) :S+had+not+been+Ving+O
(?): Had+s+been+ving+o
Example:
(+) Dodi had been looking for the girl for
a year before he applied her
(-) Dodi had not been looking for the girl
for a year before heapplied her
(?) Had Dodi been looking for the girl for
a year before he applied her?
12. Future Perfect Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+will/shall+have+V3+O
(-) : S+will/shall+not+have+V3+O
(?): Will/shall+S+have+V3+O
Example:
(+) She will have written his lesson by
time he go out
(-) She will not have written his lesson by
time he go out
(?) Will she have written his lesson by
time he go out?
Fungsi:
a. Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
perbutan yang akan selesai, Sebelum
waktu yang lain dimasa mendatang.
Ex: (+) By next week he will have read
this book
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk kejadian yang
berlangsung lama sebelum kejadian yang
lain di masa yang lampau juga.
Ex: (+) I had been looking for the Ichigo
for two week before we meet
(-) I had not been looking for the Ichigo
for two week before we meet
(?) Had I been looking for the Ichigo for
two week before we meet?
Time signal:
1. When, Ex: I finished my dinner, Peter
had been
(-) By next week he will not have read this
book
(?) Will by next week he have read trhis
book?
b. Juga digunakan untuk menyatakan
suatu peristiwa akn selesai sebelum
perbuatan lain, dimasa yang akan datang.
Ex: (+) When I comes, my uncle will have
left my house
(-) When I comes,my uncle will not have
left my house
(?) Will when I comes,my uncle have left
my house?
Time signal:
1. By the end of, Ex: John will have done
his work by the end of this week
2. By next, Ex: By next week he will have
read this book
13. Future Perfect Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+) : S+shall/will+have+been+Ving+O
(-) : S+shall+will+not+have+been+Ving
+O
(?):Shall/will+S+have+been+Ving+O
Example:
(+) I shall have been writing a letter at this
time tomorrow
(-) I shall not have been writing a letter at
this time tomorrow
(?) Shall I have been writing a letter at this
time tomorrow?
14. Future Past Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+should/would+be+Ving+O
(-): S+should/would+not+be+V.ing+O
(?): Should/would+S+be+V.ing+O
Example:
(+) I should be finishing this home work
at this time following week
(-) I should not be finishing this home
work at this time following week
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
kejadian yang sudah dikerakan pada masa
yang lampau,dan masih berlangsung pada
waktu tertentu dimasa yang akan datang.
Ex: By the end of this year we shall have
been studying Jerman for five year
Time signal:
1. By the end of this year, Ex: by the end
of this year we shall have been
studying Jerman for four years.
2. 2. By the end of this month
Ex: By the end of this month, I shall
have been working in this office for
five years
(?) Should I be finishing this home work
at this time following week?
Fungsi :
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
kejadian yang akan sedang dilakukan
pada masa yang lampau.
Ex: I should be taking an examination at
this time the following day
Time signal:
Last week, Ex: At six o’clock last week, I
should be buying in this supermarket
 15. Future Past Perfect Tenses
Rumus:
(+): S+should/would+have+V2+O
(-): S+should/would+not+have+V2+O
(?): Should/would+S+not+have+V2+O
Example:
(+) I should have paif if I had come here
(-) I should not have paif if I had come
here
(?) Should I have paif if I had come here?
16. Future Past Perfect Continous Tenses
Rumus:
(+) : S+should/would+have+been+V.ing+O
(-) : S + should/would + not + have + been +
V.ing + O
(?): Should/would+S+have+been+V.ing+O
Example:
(+) By last Febuary I should have been
working this restaurant for one year
(-) By last Febuary I should not have been
working this restaurant for one year
(?) should by last Febuary I have been
working this restaurant for one year?
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu
pengandaian yang tidak mungkin terjadi
karena syarat yang tidak terpenuhi,
namun hanya sebagai bayangan saja.
Ex: (+) He would have graduated if he
had studied hard
(-) He would not have graduated if he had
studied hard
(?) Would he have graduated if he had
studied hard?
Time signal:
1. If he had studied hard
Ex: They would have graduated if
they had studied hard
Fungsi:
Digunakan untuk menyatakan suatu kejadian
yang sudah sedang berlangsung pada waktu
yang lampau.
Ex: (+) By last lebaran I should have been
working in that office for five years
(-) By last lebaran I should not have been
working in that office for five years
(?) Should by last lebaran I have been
working in that office for five years?
Time signal:
1. By the end of this week, Ex: By the ed of
this week, I should have come here
2. By the end of this mounth, Ex: By the end
of this mounth, He would have graduated
studied
Word And The Similarity

No Word Similiarity Meaning

1 Early Premature, beforetime Lebih awal, dahulu
2 Easy Simple Mudah, sederhana
3 Eccentric Peculiar, unusual Aneh, tidak biasa
4 Ecstasy Joy, rapture, elation Kegembiraan
5 Empty Drain, unload Kosong
6 Encourage Promote, support, urge Mendukung, menyarankan
7 Enemy Opponent, foe Musuh, lawan
8 Enjoy Like, appreciate Suka
9 Enlarge Expand, magnify Memperbesar, memperluas
10 Enormous Vast, immense, colossal Besar sekali
11 Enough Sufficient, ample, plenty Cukup
12 Entirely Wholly, completely, solely Sepenuhnya
13 Eternal Always, perpetual, everlasting Kekal, abadi, selalu
14 Evident Apparent, obvious, clear Bukti
15 Evil Bad, wrong, wicked Buruk, jahat
16 Exceptional Remarkable, outstanding Luar biasa
17 Excite Arouse, provoke, incite Gembira, menggairahkan
18 Exhilarate Overjoyed, ecstatic, elated Menggembirakan
19 Explicit Exact, distinct, unmistakable Tegas, jelas
20 Exquisite Delightful, charming, lovely Indah, menawan
21 Exterior Outside, outer Bagian luar
22 Extravagant Extreme, excessive, luxurious Boros, mewah, royal