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Mosaics are said to have come from the city of Babylon and that since the Romans found
great beauty decided to copy it, adding it to buildings etc. There are different styles of
mosaics and there is a name for each style. These names are opus sectile which is a
name given to mosaics made with geometric shapes of stone put in a certain way to
make a shape of the desired look. There is also opus tessellatum which are like dice.
Square in shape and are all of the same shape so these were used mostly on floors.
There is a more complex styles which is called Opus vermiculatum where the square
stones are of varying sizes. Mosaics are usually made up of tiny stones which are
painted. When they are placed in a certain way they make scenes from everyday life like
paintings or photos do now.
The Romans also engraved gems and used them as seals, to mark official documents to
prove that they were by certain people so that no one could falsify the document. They
engraved the background so that the character stood out of the ring.
Architecture
Aqueducts - The Romans
needed a way to get water in and out of the city,
since they had so many people living so close
together and Rome was so big. The Romans used
the arch a lot. The arch was regarded very highly
because it was seen as somewhat divine since it
had a curved top that never fell in and was
very sturdy.
Introduction
History
Construction
Pont du Gard
Images of Aqua Claudia
Arches
Arches
The Roman Arch
The Arch of Titus
Image of the Arch of Titus
The Arch of Constantine
Basilica - A very common type of building erected for business purposes and also for the
accommodation of the courts. It usually consisted of a rectangular hall, of considerable
height, surrounded by one or two ambulatories, sometimes with galleries, and lighted by
openings in the upper part of the side walls.
Basilica
Basilica Aemilia
Basilica Argentaria
Basilica Constantini
Basilica Julia
Colosseum
The Colosseum - an Analysis of the Inherent Political and Architectural
Significance
The Pantheon - The Pantheon was a place of
worship for the Romans, who worshipped many gods and goddesses. There is a perfect
dome on the top of the Pantheon and in that dome is a large hole. This is very
interesting and important because it lets in the natural light from outside and it allows
rain to come in, which would wash away the blood from animal sacrifices. There was a
system set up in the way the floor curved so that when it rained, it would wash the floor
and then flow towards the walls of the Pantheon and then drain out through a special
drain.
Image Source taken from
http://wings.buffalo.edu/AandL/Maecenas/general_contents.html
The Pantheon
The Roman Pantheon - The Triumph of Concrete
Images of The Pantheon
The Forum - In the times of ancient Rome, The Forum was full of government buildings
and temples and markets. The Romans used columns in their architecture, just like the
Greeks. In this way, the architecture of the Romans and Greeks are very similar.
The Catacombs - The ancient catacombs were tombs for Christians. At the time that
these were used, Christians were persecuted for their religion. Since they were
persecuted, Christians had to be very careful when burying their dead. If non- Christians
found the grave, they would try to steal jewelry of the dead person or even damage the
body. To prevent this, Christians buried their dead in these underground tombs that
were like little shelves just big enough for the body. These catacombs were also good
hiding places for people escaping persecution.
History
Outline of the Catacombs
The Symbols
The Importance of the Catacombs
The Spirituality of the Catacombs
Palaces
Roman Temples
Temple Architecture
Images of Temples
Roman House