What is the definition of a computer system?

A computer system is a combination of CPU, memory and related

electronics, all peripheral devices connected to it and their operating
systems.

2. What are the basic components of a computer

system?
The basic components of a computer system are the Central Processing
Unit (arithmetic logic unit and control unit), Memory (primary memory
and secondary memory) and Input and Output devices.

3. What is a Microprocessor?
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit that contains all the functions
of a central computer processing unit.

4. Mention some of the latest Computer Processors?

Intel Core i9, Intel Core i7, Intel Core i5, AMD Ryzen 5, and AMD
Ryzen 7 are some of the latest computer processors.

5. What is the difference between 32-bit and 64-bit

processors?
The 32-bit system can access 2 32 memory addresses, which is 4 GB
RAM. The 64-bit system can access 2 64 memory addresses, 18-billion
RAM. The amount of memory larger than 4 GB can be easily handled
by a 64-bit processor.

6. What is the operating system? Mention some

popular OSes.
An operating system is software that allows computer hardware to
communicate and operate with computer software. This basically
provides an interface between the user and the computer system.
Microsoft Windows, Linux, and OSX are some of the popular operating
systems.
7. What is primary memory and secondary memory?
Primary memory (RAM) is the main memory of a computer that can be
directly accessed by the CPU. Primary memory stores temporary
information until the process is complete. Secondary memory (File
Storage Device) refers to external storage devices that can be used to
store data or information permanently.

8. What is a chipset?
Chipset is a collection of integrated circuits designed to function
together as a unit, to perform certain tasks in a computer system.

9. What do you know about the OSI Model?

OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) is a reference model for how
applications communicate over networks. It consists of seven layers:
Physical, Application, Presentation, Session, Transport, Network, and
Data Link Layer.
OSI Model

10. What do you know about the TCP / IP model?

TCP / IP stands for Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol.
This is a network model used in current Internet architecture. Here the
protocol is a set of rules that maintain communication over the network.
It consists of four layers: Network access layer, Internet layer, Transport
layer, and Application layer.
TCP / IP model

11. What is the difference between system software

and application software?
System software is software that is used for operation and
communication with computer hardware. This provides a platform for
running application software. Application software is special-purpose
software that is used by users to perform certain tasks.

12. The difference between a router, modem, and

switch?
Modems are devices that make connections to the internet.
Routers are “traffic directors” of a network. It takes information
provided by the modem to various connected devices and creates a
private IP address internal Network Address Translated (NAT).
Switch is only a device that connects many devices on the same
network. Unlike routers, Switches are only designed to facilitate
communication for devices on the same network.

13. What do you know about the internet and the

world wide web?
The internet is a massive network of networks, network infrastructure
consists of several Wide Area Networks. The World Wide Web, or web,
is a way of accessing information through internet media.

14. What is the difference between data, information,

and programs?
Data is raw and unorganized facts that must be processed to make it
meaningful. Information is a set of data that is processed in a way that is
meaningful in accordance with the requirements provided. A program is
a series of operations ordered specifically for the computer.

15. What is a programming language?

Programming language is a set of grammar rules for instructing
computers or computing devices to perform certain tasks.

16. What is an Algorithm?

Algorithm is a step-by-step process or set of rules that must be followed
in a computer problem solving operation.

17. What is the difference between compilers and

interpreters?
The compiler takes all the programs and converts them to object code
which is usually stored in files. The object code can be directly executed
by the machine after connecting. The interpreter directly executes line-
by-line instructions written in a programming language without
converting them into object code or machine code.

18. The difference between object oriented

programming and procedural programming ?
In procedural programming, the main module is the procedure. These
procedures are sequences of imperative statements, such as assignments,
tests, repetitions, and calls for sub-procedures. This procedure is a
function, which maps arguments to return statements.
In object-oriented programming, the main module in a program is class,
not procedure. The object-oriented approach allows you to create classes
and objects that model real-world objects.

19. What do you know about SDLC?

SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle) or Software Development Life
Cycle is a process that produces the highest quality and lowest cost
software in a short time. SDLC involves several different stages,
including planning, design, construction, testing, and deployment.

20. What do you know about software testing?

Software testing is the process of executing an application with the aim
of finding software bugs. It can also be stated as a process of validating
and verifying that a software program is functioning properly. Types of
software testing include alpha testing, beta testing, etc.

21. What is a database management system or DBMS?

DBMS is a system for creating and managing databases. This gives
users and programmers a systematic way to create, retrieve, update, and
manage data.

22. What is the meaning of the IDE?

An IDE (Integrated Development Environment) is a GUI-based tool
designed to help developers build software applications with an
integrated environment combined with all the necessary programs and
libraries at hand.

23. What is a framework?

The framework is a platform for developing software applications that
provide the basis on which software developers can build programs for a
particular platform. For example, a framework can include
predetermined classes and functions that can be used to process inputs,
manage hardware devices, and interact with system software.
24. Definition of AI, Machine Learning and Deep
Learning
Artificial Intelligence is a general term to try to make computers think
like the way humans think, can simulate various things that humans do
and ultimately solve problems in ways that are better and faster than we
do.
Machine learning is a self-adaptation algorithm that gets better and
better analysis and patterns with experience or with newly added data.
Deep learning, on the other hand, is part of machine learning, utilizing
the hierarchical level of artificial neural networks to carry out the
machine learning process.

25. What is cryptography?

Cryptography is a way of protecting actual information and
communication through the use of code so that only those who are
directed to information can read and process it.
These are the most common and important interview questions that
every computer science student must know. Happy learning.