AN ASSESSMENT OF THE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AND KNOWLEDGE AMONG

MOTHERS IN BARANGAY CAMP ONE, MARAMAG, BUKIDNON

ARTETA, ANDREA C.
COQUILLA, KRISTINE BABE B.
GACO, MARY MONIQUE A.

FEBRUARY 2015
 ABSTRACT

Effective educational efforts require knowledgeable health professionals to promote

breastfeeding and instigate changes in individual behavior. This research was conducted to

assess breastfeeding knowledge among mothers (n=37) in Brangay Camp One, Maramag,

Bukidnon with the objectives: Identify the knowledge of the chosen mothers with regards to

breastfeeding and its benefits, know if health workers and other officials of the barangay are still

cooperative on this kind of activity, identify the factors or beliefs that may affect breastfeeding

practices of the given population, know how frequent a mother breastfeeds her child, and

promote breastfeeding among mothers. The knowledge of the mothers with regards to

breastfeeding is enough. But some of them were not fully aware of the benefits that it can give.

The mothers that were unemployed have more time providing sufficient breast milk for their

children while those mothers who are employed revealed the most common factor associated

from not being a full breast-feeder. The participants agreed that the community health workers

encourage them to do breastfeeding (75.68%). Also, socio- demographic and maternal

characteristics doesn’t affect the type of feeding. In promoting breastfeeding, mothers were

asked if they would like to attend seminars if given a chance related to breastfeeding and its

benefits. The researchers would like to recommend the increase of number of respondents for a

larger scope and also for the further improvement of the questionnaire. The researchers would

also like to recommend the provision of Cebuano dialect questionnaire so that the respondents

would be able to understand the questions easily.

ii
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE Page
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study 1-2
Objectives of the Study 2-3
Significance of the Study 3
Scope and Limitations of the Study 3
Definition of Terms 4

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Breastfeeding 5
Breast milk and its Benefits 5-6
Health Benefits to the Infant 6-8
Health Benefits to the Mother 8-9
Social and Economic Benefits of Breastfeeding 9-10

METHODOLOGY
Place and Duration of the Study 11
Data Collection 11
Instrumentation 11
Data Analysis 12

RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS 13-17

CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 18

REFERENCES 19

iii
 LIST OF APPENDICES

APPENDICES TITLE PAGE

A Questionnaire 21

B Letter to the Respondents 22

C Letter to the Punong Barangay 23

D ANOVA Tables for the Different Characteristics 24-25

E Involvement in the Community 25

iv
 LIST OF TABLES

TABLE TITLE PAGE

1 Selected characteristics of the participants 13

2 Ideal initiation time of Breastfeeding that are performed each day 14

3 Breastfeeding knowledge by mothers in Camp 1, Maramag, Bukidnon 14

4 Participants’ Attitude on Breastfeeding 15

5 Type of feeding by socio-demographic and maternal characteristics 16

v
 LIST OF FIGURES

FIGURE TITLE PAGE

1 Respondents Filling in Questionnaires 27

2 Researcher, assisting respondents 27

3 Researcher, checking the questionnaires 28

vi
 Acknowledgements

The researchers are using this opportunity to express their sincere gratitude and

appreciation to the kind and ever supportive people who helped and encourage them a lot in this

study in order for it to be successful and fulfilling.

First and foremost, a billion thanks to our savior and great creator, the man who guided

us always in everything that we do especially while conducting this study, the reason for us to

have strength in facing every challenges that we encounter related to our study, our most

gracious loving almighty heavenly Father. Without Him, we would not exist and make all these

things possible and fruitful.

To our parents, our wholehearted admiration to them for not leaving us behind, for

supporting and encouraging us all the way, and the ones who motivated us to never stop in

fulfilling our dreams.

We would also like to extend our appreciation to Ms. Roselynn G. Montecillo for giving

us some key points in choosing our study. With her teachings, we are able to achieve our goals in

doing this study.

With regards in analyzing our data, we would like to thank Mr. Lester Lou B. Segumpan

for helping us how to compute our gathered data with the use of SPSS Software.

To the persons who never gave up in encouraging us, our friends, thank you for giving us

suggestions that helped us a lot in going through our study.

-The Researcher

vii
 INTRODUCTION

Background of the Study

Breastfeeding, also called nursing, is the process of feeding human breast milk to an

infant, either directly from the breast or by expressing (pumping out) the milk from the breast

and bottle-feeding it to the infant. Breastfeeding and breast milk provide an infant with essential

calories and nutrients.

According to the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) Policy Statement on

Breastfeeding, women who don't have health problems should exclusively breastfeed their

infants for at least first 6 months of life. They suggest that a woman should try to breastfeed her

infant for the first 12 months of life because of the benefits to both mother and the child.

Breastfeeding offers many benefits to a baby. Breast milk contains the right balance of

nutrients to help infants grow into a strong and healthy toddler. Some of the nutrients in breast

milk also help protect the infant against some common childhood illnesses and infections. It may

also help in mother’s health as well. Certain types of cancer may occur less often in mothers who

have breastfed their babies (National Institute of Child Health and Human Development).

Emerging evidence suggests that breastfeeding has a positive impact on mother-baby

relationships: breastfeeding releases certain hormones which promote maternal feelings and

behavior. Strong early relationships and a stable and loving environment are all conducive to

babies’ healthy emotional, social and physical development, through production of the hormone

oxytocin.

1
 In the Philippines, studies show that only 34% of infants fewer than 6 months are

exclusively breastfed. The UNICEF's 2014 State of the World’s Children report also shows that

only 34% continue breast milk intake until two years old. Most mothers opt to use milk formulas

for various reasons such as alleged inability to produce breast milk and time constraints.

Although an improvement from 2011’s 27%, these findings still put the country among the top

nations with most children not exclusively breastfed.

Recent data on child malnutrition in the country can be attributed to the low number of

children breastfed as infants. The 8th National Nutritional Survey of the Food and Nutrition

Research Institute (FNRI) shows that almost 20% of children under 5 years old are considered

malnourished.

Objectives of the Study

Generally, this study aims to determine the knowledge and practices of mothers in Brgy.

Camp One, Maramag, Bukidnon.

Specifically it aims to:

1. identify the knowledge of the chosen mothers with regards to breastfeeding and its

benefits;

2. know if health workers and other officials of the barangay are still cooperative on this

kind of activity;

3. identify the factors or beliefs that may affect breastfeeding practices of the given

population;

4. know how frequent a mother breastfeeds her child; and

2
 5. promote breastfeeding among mothers.

Significance of the Study

The benefits of breast milk for babies are numerous. Lower rates of childhood obesity,

decreased incidence of asthma and even better brain development are all linked with drinking

more of mother's milk in infancy, and despite decades of research and promising marketing

claims, the formula industry has not caught up to mother nature in the milk department.

Even if technicians could develop a better food for infants, researchers are now realizing

that skipping the lactation phase would be problematic for mothers' health. In fact, not

breastfeeding after giving birth seems to put women at higher risk for breast and ovarian cancer,

diabetes, cardiovascular disease and many other serious health conditions.

Therefore, this study would be a great help for the mothers who have or will have an

infant. This study would also help them acquire more knowledge about breastfeeding and its

benefits to the family and the community. By that way, they would be aware about this matter

that could help in child’s health and development.

Scope and Limitations of the Study

This study was conducted only in Camp One, Maramag, Bukidnon via cross-sectional

study. It was conducted using self-administered questionnaire with the given target amount of

respondents. The chosen respondent has at least one child in the family who is aged 3-5 years old

or younger. Their answers will be based on the occurrence they experienced with the last child.

3
Definition of Terms

“Oxytocin” is a mammalian neurohypophysial hormone. It is produced by the

hypothalamus and stored and secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. It plays an important role

in the neuroanatomy of intimacy, specifically in sexual reproduction of both sexes, in particular

during and after childbirth.

"Exclusive breastfeeding" is defined as no other food or drink, not even water, except

breast milk (including milk expressed or from a wet nurse) for 6 months of life, but allows the

infant to receive ORS, drops and syrups (vitamins, minerals and medicines).

“Cross-sectional study” is a type of observational study that involves the analysis of data

collected from a population, or a representative subset.

This study was conducted to

4
 REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

Breastfeeding

According to World Health Organization, breastfeeding is the normal way of providing

young infants with the nutrients they need for healthy growth and development. It is an integral

part of the reproductive process with important implications for the health of mothers. Virtually

all mothers can breastfeed, provided they have accurate information, and the support of their

family, the health care system and society at large. Breastfeeding is promoted internationally as

the preferred method of feeding for infants up to the age of four to six months, with continued

breastfeeding along with appropriate complementary foods up to two years of age or beyond.

Exclusive breastfeeding from birth is possible except for a few medical conditions, and

unrestricted exclusive breastfeeding results in ample milk production.

Breast milk and Its Benefits

Human milk, or breast milk, is uniquely engineered for human infants, and is the

biologically ‘natural’ way to feed infants. Breastfeeding, in comparison to feeding breast milk

substitutes such as infant formula, has numerous health benefits (Allen et. al., 2005). These

benefits include protection against acute illnesses, long-term health protection, the psychological

relationship and even savings in health care costs.

Breast milk is widely acknowledged as the most complete form of nutrition for infants,

with a range of benefits for infants' health, growth, immunity and development (Healthy People,

2010). Breast milk is a unique nutritional source that cannot adequately be replaced by any other

food, including infant formula. Although pollutants can accumulate in breast milk, it remains

5
superior to infant formula from the perspective of the overall health of both mother and child.

Breast milk is a unique combination of nutrients essential to a child's health, and cannot be

duplicated by any laboratory formula. It provides a number of health advantages beginning at

birth and continuing throughout a child's life. In fact, a large number of the health problems

today's children face might be decreased, or even prevented, by breastfeeding the infant

exclusively for at least the first six months of life. The longer the mother breastfeeds, the more

likely the child will get the health benefits of breastfeeding (NDRC, 2005). Breastfeeding

confers lifesaving protection against infectious illness among disadvantaged populations. As a

result, breastfeeding promotion has an important part in child health programs throughout the

world (Heinig, 2001).

Health Benefits to the Infant

Infants are fragile and are commonly prone to diseases, partly because their bodies are

not fully developed. They must be treated with special care and given adequate nourishment.

Infant formulas are able to mimic a few of the nutritional components of breast milk, but formula

cannot hope to duplicate the vast and constantly changing array of essential nutrients in human

milk. Studies have demonstrated a number of important health benefits to breastfeeding. One of

the benefits that a breast-fed child can get is; more resistant to disease and infection early in life

than formula-fed children. The breast-fed children are less likely to contract a number of diseases

later in life, including juvenile diabetes, multiple sclerosis, heart disease, and cancer before the

age of 15.

In the first six months, the baby should be nourished exclusively by breast milk. The slow

introduction of iron-enriched foods may complement the breastfeeding in the second half of the

6
first year. Breast milk without supplements during the first six months reduces the possibility of

food contamination due to tainted water or malnutrition as a result of over-diluted formula.

Therefore, the child should be nursed without the interference of water, sugar water, juices, or

formulas, unless a specific medical condition indicates otherwise. The American Academy of

Pediatrics asserts that breast milk has the perfect balance of nutrients for the infant. It is by itself

enough sustenance for approximately the first six months of life and should follow as the child's

staple throughout the first year.

A variety of studies have demonstrated that breastfeeding increases a child's immunity to

disease and infection. It shows that breastfeeding strengthens the immune system. During

nursing, the mother passes antibodies to the child, which helps the child resist diseases and help

improve the normal immune response to certain vaccines. Respiratory illness is far more

common among formula-fed children. In fact, an analysis of many different research studies

concluded that infants fed formula face a threefold greater risk of being hospitalized with a

severe respiratory infection than do infants breast-fed for a minimum of four months. Diarrheal

disease is three to four times more likely to occur in infants fed formula than those fed breast

milk. Breastfeeding has been shown to reduce the likelihood of ear infections, and to prevent

recurrent ear infections. Ear infections are a major reason that infants take multiple courses of

antibiotics.

In developing countries, differences in infection rates can seriously affect an infant's

chances for survival. In Brazil, a formula-fed baby is 14 times more likely to die than an

exclusively breast-fed baby. Researchers have also observed a decrease in the probability of

7
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS) in breast-fed infants. Another apparent benefit from

breastfeeding may be protection from allergies. Eczema, an allergic reaction, is

significantly rarer in breast-fed babies. A review of 132 studies on allergy and breastfeeding

concluded that breastfeeding appears to help protect children from developing allergies, and that

the effect seems to be particularly strong among children whose parents have allergies.

Health Benefits to the Mother

According to American Academy of Pediatrics, breastfeeding provides health benefits for

mothers beyond emotional satisfaction. Mothers who breastfeed are said to recover more quick

from childbirth. The hormone oxytocin, released during breastfeeding, acts to return the uterus to

its regular size more quickly and can reduce postpartum bleeding. Studies show that women who

have breastfed experience reduced rates of breast and ovarian cancer later in life. Some studies

have found that breastfeeding may reduce the risk of developing type 2 diabetes, rheumatoid

arthritis, and cardiovascular disease, including high blood pressure and high cholesterol. Finally,

exclusive breastfeeding delays the return of the mother’s menstrual period, which can help

extend the time between pregnancies.

Studies indicate that breastfeeding helps improve mothers' health, as well as the

children's. A woman's breast milk is designed specifically to nourish the body of an infant, the

production and delivery of this milk aids her own health. Breastfeeding helps a woman to lose

weight after birth. Mothers burn many calories during lactation as their bodies produce milk. In

fact, some of the weight gained during pregnancy serves as an energy source for lactation.

Breastfeeding appears to reduce the mother's risk of developing osteoporosis in later years.

8
Although mothers experience bone-mineral loss during breastfeeding, their mineral density is

replenished and even increased after lactation. Diabetic women also improve their health by

breastfeeding. Not only do nursing infants have increased protection from juvenile diabetes, the

amount of insulin that the mother requires postpartum goes down. Women who lactate for a total

of two or more years reduce their chances of developing breast cancer by 24 percent and any

other cancer such as uterine, endometrial or ovarian cancer.

A woman's ability to produce all of the nutrients that her child needs can provide a sense

of confidence. Researchers have pointed out that the bond of a nursing mother and child is

stronger than any other human contact. Holding the child to the breast provides most mothers

with a more powerful psychological experience than carrying the fetus inside her uterus. The

relationship between mother and child is rooted in the interactions of breastfeeding. This feeling

sets the health and psychological foundation for years to come. The emotional health of the

mother may be enhanced by the relationship that develops with her infant during breastfeeding,

resulting in fewer feelings of anxiety and a stronger sense of connection with her baby (NDRC,

2005).

Social and Economic Benefits of Breastfeeding

The benefits of breastfeeding go beyond health considerations. Mothers who nurse their

children enjoy social and economic advantages as well. Women who breastfeed avoid the

financial burden of buying infant formula, an average expense of $800 per year.

Breast-fed babies are less likely to need excessive medical attention as they grow. In one

study, a group of formula-fed infants had $68,000 in health care costs in a six-month period,

while an equal number of nursing babies had only $4,000 of similar expenses. Because the

9
diagnosis and treatment of these illnesses result in medical care use, health care expenditures

likely would be reduced with successful breastfeeding promotion. At the same time, improving

the rate of breastfeeding will likely require some capital investment by certain sectors, such as

employers and health insurers. Therefore, economic analyses that accurately estimate the costs

and savings attributable to breastfeeding would be helpful to decision makers as they consider

breastfeeding-friendly policies and programs (Bennett et. al., 2001).

There are quite a few practical advantages to breastfeeding as well that the whole family

can appreciate. It is the human milk, which is much less expensive than formula. During nursing

a mother will need, at most, an extra 400 to 500 calories daily to produce sufficient milk for the

baby, while formula can cost between $4 and $10 per day, depending upon the brand, type

(powdered versus liquid), and amount consumed. At night, putting the baby to the breast is much

simpler and faster than getting up to prepare or warm a bottle of formula. Breastfeeding is also

good for the environment, since there are no bottles to wash or formula cans to throw away.

As welcome as all of these benefits are, though, most mothers put the feeling of maternal

fulfillment at the top of their list of reasons for breastfeeding. Breastfeeding provides a unique

emotional experience for the nursing mother and the baby. Breastfeeding is the one parenting

behavior that only the mother can do for her baby, creating a unique and powerful physical and

emotional connection (American Academy of Pediatrics, 2014).

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 METHODOLOGY

Place and Duration of the Study

The survey was conducted at Brgy. Camp One, Maramag, Bukidnon. There was a total

of 37 respondents that will be chosen randomly using simple-random sampling in the specific

location.

Data Collection

Criteria in Choosing the Respondents

The respondents should have given birth to at least one child that aged 5 years or

younger. The participants answered the questions based on their experience with the last child.

The questionnaires were collected right after filling up the questionnaire and were checked if

there are questions that were leaved blank.

Instrumentation

A cross-sectional study was conducted along the premises Brgy. Camp One, Maramag,

Bukidnon. The respondents were given a questionnaire based on the study. Besides demographic

and biological data (personal data), the questionnaire includes questions addressing to knowledge

(the average number of breastfeeds the child should receive per day, up to what age the child

should receive only breast milk and later on with supplementary foods), questions addressing

attitude (reasons for adopting breastfeeding, reasons for stopping breastfeeding, intention to

participate in classes/seminars related to breastfeeding and nutrition) and questions addressing

practice (duration of breastfeeding and difficulties in initiating breastfeeding).

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 Data Analysis

All the data were encoded, validated and analyzed using SPSS PC version 14.0 software

package. Regression analyses were performed in finding the results.

12
 RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Participant Characteristics

The age of the participants ranged between 18 and 45 years, with the mean age of 27.97

years. The average total family income was 8,158 pesos in month. About 75.68% of women are

plain housewives while 24.32% are employed. About 48.65% reached tertiary education, 40.54%

in secondary education and 10.81% belong to those who attained only primary education. Other

selected characteristics of the participants are shown in the table.

TABLE 1. Selected characteristics of the participants

Characteristic Frequency Percentage (%)

Age
18-26 17 45.95
27-35 14 37.84
36-45 16 16.22
Education
Elementary Level 4 10.81
High school Level 15 40.54
College Level 18 48.65
Income
0-5,000 16 43.24
6,000-10,000 14 37.84
10,000+ 7 18.92
Occupation
Employed 8 21.62
Unemployed 29 78.38
Type of birth
Vaginal (Normal) 32 86.49
Cesarean 5 13.51
No. of Children
1-3 33 89.19
4-5 4 10.81

13
Knowledge

10.81% of the respondents believed that breast milk has the same formulation with infant

formulas while 83.78% of the mother believed otherwise and the remaining 5.41% did not

discerned the difference between the two and remained abstain. The participants’ awareness on

the proper initiation of frequency of breastfeeding that are practiced per day is shown on table 2

and the breastfeeding knowledge possessed by respondents is showed on table 3.

Table 2. Ideal initiation time of Breastfeeding that are performed each day

Time Frequency Percentage (%)

0-30 minutes 8 21.62

30 minutes- 1 hour 12 32.43

1-3 hours 7 18.92

3-5 hours 10 27.30

Table 3. Breastfeeding knowledge by mothers in Camp 1, Maramag, Bukidnon

Item Agrees Disagrees Neither

Infant formula has the same formulation with the

4(10.81%) 31 (83.78%) 2 (5.41%)
human breast milk.

Community or health workers encourage

28 (75.68%) 8 (21.62%) 1 (2.70%)
breastfeeding over feeding infant formula.

Attitude and Practices

Regarding the participants attitude on breastfeeding, several factors were considered.

14
100% of the participants were aware that breastfeeding is an essential practice for the

nourishment of their child. However, several factors including their jobs became a hindrance for

the proper conduction of breastfeeding.

94.59% of the participants prefer to breastfeed their child compare to bottle feeding.

94.59% also agreed that it helps to lessen their family expenses. The participants attitude about

breastfeeding is showed in table 4.

Table 4. Participants’ Attitude on Breastfeeding

Item Agrees Disagrees Neither

Breastfeeding is important for my child’s nutrition. 37 (100%) 0 0

Breastfeeding is easier than feeding infant formula. 35 (94.59%) 1 (2.70%) 1 (2.70%)

Breastfeeding is a good way to lessen family 35 (94.59%) 1 (2.70%) 1 (2.70%)

expenses.

Involvement of the Community

Twenty of the respondents believed that the community and health workers are exerting

efforts in encouraging the practice of breastfeeding. Results showed that among the thirty-seven

respondents, 20 (54.05%) attended health related seminars specifically concerning breastfeeding.

Moreover, 35 (94.59%) of them are willing to attend such seminars. Only 5.41% reported that it

depends upon several cases. The percentage of the involvement in the community was based and

measured through the questions that were asked about and on how they are involved on the

specific activity.

15
Type of feeding by socio-demographic and maternal characteristics (Statistical Analysis)

Of the 37 respondents, 24 (64.86%) were full breast-feeders and 10 (27.03%) were mixed

breast-feeders and 3 (8.11%) practiced Infant-formula feeding for the first six months of

maternal care. The type of feeding was independent of mother’s aged, education, income,

occupation, type of birth and number of children which showed no significant difference atball

type of feeding by socio-demographic and maternal characteristics are shown in table 5.

Table 5. Type of feeding by socio-demographic and maternal characteristics

Factors p-value

Age 0.043

Mother’s Education 0.358

Income 0.297

Occupation 0.118

Type of Birth 0.541

Number of children 0.062

Multivariate Analysis of Factors Associated with not being a Full Breast-feeder

Factors that were associated with not being a full breast feeder were entered into logistic

regression model. Employed women were more likely not to practice full breastfeeding

compared with unemployed women. Among 8 employed women, six (75%) are not full breast

feeders and stopped breastfeeding with the average life span of time of 6 months. Martens et. Al,

16
2001, reported employment as the most common factor that affects mothers from being a full

breast feeder. This may be due to the insufficient amount of days they were given for maternal

leave.

17
 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

The knowledge of the mothers with regards to breastfeeding is enough. But some of them

were not fully aware of the benefits that it can give. The mothers that were unemployed have

more time providing sufficient breast milk for their children while those mothers who are

employed revealed the most common factor associated from not being a full breast-feeder. The

participants agreed that the community health workers encourage them to do breastfeeding

(75.68%). Also, socio- demographic and maternal characteristics doesn’t affect the type of

feeding. In promoting breastfeeding, mothers were asked if they would like to attend seminars if

given a chance related to breastfeeding and its benefits.

The researchers would like to recommend the increase of number of respondents for a

larger scope and also for the further improvement of the questionnaire. The researchers would

also like to recommend the provision of Cebuano dialect questionnaire so that the respondents

would be able to understand the questions easily.

18
 REFERENCES

Scott JA, Binns CW (2000). Breastfeeding Review : Professional Publication of the Nursing
Mothers' Association of Australia Institute for Medical Research, PFK Edinburgh Ltd,
Edinburgh, Scotland.

Jane Allen and Debra Hector (2005).Benefits of breastfeeding. New South Wales Public Health
Bulletin 16(4) 42 - 46

Lawrence, Ruth A. (2000) Breastfeeding: benefits, risks and alternatives

M. Jane Heinig, PhD, IBCLC* (2001).Host Defense Benefits of Breastfeeding for the Infant :
Effect of Breastfeeding Duration and Exclusivity

Thomas M. Ball, MD, MPH, and David M. Bennett, RPH, MSA (2001). The Economic Impact
of Breastfeeding

Katherine Harmon (2010). How Breastfeeding Benefits Mothers' Health

19
APPENDICES

20
 AN ASSESSMENT OF THE BREASTFEEDING PRACTICES AND KNOWLEDGE
QUESTIONNAIRE

Personal Data
Name: ______________________________________________________ Date: ___________
Age: ____________ Number of children: _____________
Family income/month: ______________________
Occupation: _____________________________
Type of birth of child: (encircle the letter)
a. Vaginal (Normal) b. Cesarean Section
Educational Attainment: ____________________________________

Questions: (Encircle the letter of your answer)

1. How long did you breastfeed?
a. 4-6 months b. 2 years c. 1 year others please specify:_______________

2. At 0 to 6 months you feed your child with

a. Only breast milk b. mixed c. infant formula d. solid food

3. Breastfeeding is important to the baby’s nutrition.

a. I Agree b. I Disagree c. I Don’t Know

4. How frequent you breastfeed your child in a day?

a. 0-30 minutes b. 30 minutes – 1 hour c. 1- 3 hours d. 3-5 hours

5. Infant formula has the same formulation with the human breast milk.
a. I Agree b. I Disagree c. I Don’t Know

6. Breastfeeding is easier than feeding infant formula.

a. I Agree b. I Disagree c. I Don’t Know

7. Breastfeeding is a good way to decrease family expenses.

a. I Agree b. I Disagree c. I Don’t Know

8. Community or Health Workers encourages breastfeeding over feeding infant formula.

a. I Agree b. I Disagree c. I Don’t Know

9. Have you attended Breastfeeding seminars and other related seminars regarding nutrition?
a. Yes b. No

If given a chance, Yes_____ No_____

21
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY LABORATORY HIGH SCHOOL
University Town, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon

January , 2015

Dear Respondents,

Greetings!
The undersigned are senior high school students of Central Mindanao University Laboraty High
School and are presently conducting a research study entitled “An Assessment of the
Breastfeeding Practices and Knowledge among Mothers in Barangay Camp One, Maramag,
Bukidnon”. This will serve as our requirement for our subject Science Research.

In regard to this, we would like to ask your help, by answering our survey. Rest assured that all
your responses will be kept confidential.

Thank you very much for your cooperation and God Bless!

Sincerely Yours,

ANDREA C. ARTETA

KRISTINE BABE B. COQUILLA

MARY MONIQUE A. GACO

Proponents

Noted:

ROSELYNN GRACE MONTECILLO

Science Research Adviser

22
 Republic of the Philippines
CENTRAL MINDANAO UNIVERSITY
UNIVERSITY LABORATORY HIGH SCHOOL
University Town, Musuan, Maramag, Bukidnon

29 January 2015

Regulo H. Pahalla
Punong Barangay
Brgy. Camp One, Maramag, Bukidnon

Sir:
Greetings!
We are 4th year students of Central Mindanao University Laboratory High School and presently
conducting our study entitled “An Assessment of the Breastfeeding Practices and Knowledge
among Mothers in Barangay Camp One, Maramag, Bukidnon”. This will serve as our
requirement for our subject Science Research.

In connection to this, we would like to request your permission to allow us to conduct our survey
and to access the data needed for our research. Rest assure you that all data and information
obtain will remain confidential at our hands. Hoping for your favourable consideration and
assistance to our endeavour.

Thank you and God Bless!

Sincerely Yours,

ANDREA C. ARTETA

KRISTINE BABE B. COQUILLA

MARY MONIQUE A. GACO

Proponents

Noted:
ROSELYNN GRACE MONTECILLO
Science Research Adviser
23
APPENDIX D. ANOVA TABLES FOR THE DIFFERENT CHARACTERISTICS

ANOVA
Age
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio
186.355 1 186.355 4.398 .043(a)
n
Residual 1483.064 35 42.373
Total 1669.419 36

ANOVA
Mother’s Education
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio
.410 1 .410 .869 .358(a)
n
Residual 16.509 35 .472
Total 16.919 36

ANOVA
Income
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio 4980122 49801220.5
1 1.119 .297(a)
n 0.575 75
Residual 1557225 44492165.8
35
806.452 99
Total 1607027
36
027.027

ANOVA
Occupation
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares Df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio
.428 1 .428 2.564 .118(a)
n
Residual 5.842 35 .167
Total 6.270 36

24
 ANOVA
Type of Birth
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio
.047 1 .047 .381 .541(a)
n
Residual 4.278 35 .122
Total 4.324 36

ANOVA
Number of Children
Mode Sum of Mean
l Squares df Square F Sig.
1 Regressio
2.136 1 2.136 3.708 .062(a)
n
Residual 20.161 35 .576
Total 22.297 36

APPENDIX E. INVOLVEMENT OF THE COMMUNITY

Item Agrees Disagrees Neither

Community or Health workers encourages

28(75.68%) 8(21.62%) 1(2.70%)
breastfeeding over feeding formula.

YES NO
Number of mothers who attended seminars 20(54.50%) 17 (45.95%)
Willingness of participants in attending specified seminars 35(94.59%) 2(5.41%)

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APPENDIX FIGURES

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Figure1. Respondents Filling in Questionnaires

Figure2. Researcher, assisting respondents

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Figure3. Researcher, checking the questionnaires

28