Each civiization is born, it culminates, and it decays.

There is a widespreas testimony that this

ominous fact is due to inherent biological defects in the crowded life of cities. Now, slowly and at
first faintly, an opposite lendency showing itself. Better roads and better vehicles at first induced the
wealthie classes to live on the outskirts of the cities. The urgent need for defence had als Voca Expla
culmi vanished. This tendency is now spreading rapidly downwards. But a new set conditions is just
showing itself. Up to the present time, throughout the ightent and nineteenth centuries, this new
tendency placed the home in the immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity,
business relations, government, and pleasure in the centres of the cities. Apart from the care of
children and periods of sheer rest, the active lives were spent in the cities. In some wa The the
concentration of such activities was even more emphasized, and the homes were pushed outwards
even at the cost of the discomfort of commuting. But, we examine the trend of technology during the
past generation, the easons for , if HOv 15 this concentration are largely disappearing. Still more, the
reasons for the choice of sites for cities are also altering. Mechanical power can be transmitted for
hundreds of miles, men can communicate almost instantanously by telephone, the chiefs of great
organizations can be transported by airplanes, the cinenias can produce plays in every village, music,
speeches, and sermons can be broadcast. Almost every reason for the growth of cities, concurrently
with the growth of civilization has been profoundly modified.

1. COMPREHENSION

A. State two ways in which cities today differ from those of the past
B. State briefly why the reasons for the choice of sites for cities are altering

ANSWER

A. Cause the reasons for the choice of sites for cities are also altering. Mechanical power
can be transmitted for hundred of miles, me can communicate almost instantaneously by
telephone, the chiefs of great organizations can be transported by airplanes, the cinemas
can produce plays in every village , music, speeches , and sermos can be broadcast almost
every reasons for the growth of cities, concurrentaly with the growth of cities ,
concurrently with the growth of civilization has been profoundly modified.

B. Each civilization is born, it culminate, and it decays. There is a widespread ertimony

that this omious fact is due to inherent biological defects in the crowder life of cities.
Now, slowly an at firt faintly, and opposite tendency it showing itself. Better roads and
 better vehicles at first induced the wealther clases to live on the outskirts of the cities. The
urgent need defence had also vanished

2. VOCABULARY

Explain the following words and phrases as they are used in the passage : Culmilates ( I.
1) ; widespread testimony ( II. 1-2) inherent biological defects (I . 2) ; Induced ( I.4 ) ;
immediate suburbs (II 8-9 ) ; the discomfort of commuting (I. 13) ; sites (I. 16 ) ; transmitted
(I. 16) ; instantaneously ( I. 17) ; concurrently (I. 20 ) ; profoundly modified (I . 21)

ANSWER

Culminates (I.1) = Memuncak

Widespread testimony(II. 1-2) = Kesaksian luas
Inherent biological defects (I.2) = Kerusakan biologis
Induced (1.4) = Di industri
Immidiate suburs (II. 8-9 ) = Di pinggiran kota langsung
The comfort of commuting ( I. 13)= Ketidaknyamanan dalam perjalanan
Sites (I. 16) = Situs
Transmitted (I.16) = Ditularkan
Instantaneously (I.16) = Secara instan
concurrently (I.20) = Secara bersamaan )
Foundly modified (I.21) = Diubah secara mendalam

3. THE PARAGRAPH
ANSWER

1. In the last century at the time of the pattern of life changes in cities occurred very repedly.
In the field of rules and relationships from the government are too sentralized at one point
only.
And also irregular development and the cast of commute discomfort that makes children
living and doing activities around feel tertically in the technological time technology that
makes the life of generation to partially part of missing.
2. Everything has changed as has the growth of cities and civilization as a whole/ such as
mechanical things that can be done within hundreds of miles, and instant communication via
telephone. other change that can be seen are in the arts such as film and music that can be
broadcat live.
3. The urgent need for defence had also vanished. This tendency is now spreading repadly
downwards. But a new set conditions is just showing itself. Up to the present time,
throughout the eighteenth and nineteeth centures, this new tendency placed the home in the
immediate suburbs, but concentrated manufacturing activity. Business relations government
and pleasure in the centures of the cities. Apart from the care of children and periods of
sheer rist, the active lives were spent in the cities. In some ways the concentration of such
activities was even more emphasized,and the homes were pushed outwards event at the cost
of the discomfort of commuting. But if we examine the trend of technology during the past
generation , the reasons for this concentraction are largely disappearing. Still more, the
reasons for the choice of sites for cities are also altering. Mechanical power can be
transmitted for hundred of miles, men can communicate almost instantaneously by
telephone, the chiefs of great organizations can be transported by airplanes, the cinemas can
produce plays in every village, music, speeches, and sermons can be broadcast. Almost
reason for the growth of cities, concurrently with the growth of civilization has been
profoundly modified.

4. SPECIAL DIFFICULTIES
1. Write sentences to bring out the difference between the following pairs or words ;
born (1.I ), Borne ; show (I.4), point at ; commute (I. 13 ), communicate.
2. Explain the meaning of the words faint and faintly in these sentences:
a. Now slowly and at first faintly, an opposite tendency is showing itself. (II. 3-4)
b. He draw a faint line on a piece of paper
c. I must go to outside. I fell faint
d. I haven’t the faintest idea how that happened
3. Note the use of-wards to emphasize direction:
this tendency is now spreading rapidly downwards (I. 6)
Write the sentences using the following words; upwards, backwards, forwards,
towards.
4. Compare these tree sentences:
a. Apart from the care of children and periods of sheer rist, the active lives wre spent
in the cities.(II. 10-11)
b. Except for the care of children and periods of sheer rist, the active lives wre spent
in the cities.
c. I sent an invitation to everone except Georg.
Apart from an except for the use in exactly the same why, Except cannot be used
at the beginning of a sentences unless it is followed by for.
Write sentences using apart form, except for and except.

ANSWER
1. Born : use the word “Born” when we are talking about “birth” or in English “birth”.
- I was born in ternate (possive voice)
Borne : use the word “Borne “ as a past participle from of the word “Bear” if what is
referred to is something other than “birth”. In essence this word can be used for all things
but cannot be used to talk about birth.
- malaria is one of mesquito-borne disease.

The verb bear has the from of past tense “bore” and past participle “born” or “ borne”
depending on its designation. When bear means “to give birth to child” past participle
“born” is usually used in passive sentences. As for the active sentences, the past participle
“born” is used.
Whereas when a bear means to accept endure are tolerate something “(accept bear or
tolerate something that is usually unpleasant) or other meanings other than those related
to birth always. Borne is used as a past participle.

At : kepada

- I will come at dinner time

Commute : Pulang –pergi

- The husband and his wife spending uo to there hours each day commuting to form
work.

Communicate : Menyampaikan

- It was knowledge that not man could

2. a. So from the words faintly explained about the current era tends to change.
b. Explained about, He draws a vague thin line on the letters
c. Meaning I will go to the markt vague feel it will faint
d. I do not know at all vague how it happened

3. . Sentence by forward, backward, upwards and towards.

-Upwards
On explosion so hard that pushed us upwards.
- Backward
She took a step backward and started mutely up at his face.
- Forward
She stepped forward and pulled the newspaper down with one had.
- Towards
She walked towards him.
3. Sentences that use except and besides :
- I like a variety of fruits except orgae because they are sour.
- I sent an invitation to ruined except George.
- Nadia likes all seafood except shrimp and crab.
- Besides being smart he’s also police
- I also cook at home beside washing.
 A.N WHITEHEAD ADVENTURES OF IDEAS

GROUP 5
1. FAHKRIZA DIFA SAFIRA
2. SURIYANTI DILIANA MARUF
3. JULYANTI MANUARFA
4. NURASNI DJAMAL
5. FAHRIA ASWAD
6. GRACELLA NGAMA
7. ISKARIMAN SALEH
8. ALIMTIHAN A.F. TAMETI

ENGLISH LITERATURE DEPARTMENT

FACULTY OF CULTURAL SCIENCES
KHAIRUN OF UNIVERSITY
2019