CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Research Design

This study utilized an experimental research design to test the effectiveness of guava

leaves extract as a natural preservative for bananas. Experimental research is any research

conducted with a scientific approach, where a set of variables are kept constant while the other

set of variables are being measured as the subject of experiment. There are times when you don’t

have enough data to support your decisions. In such situations, you need to carry out experiments

to discover the facts. Experimental research can gather a lot of data that can help you make better

decisions. The term experimental design refers to a plan for assigning experimental conditions to

subjects and the statistical analysis associated with the plan (Kirk, 1982). Its purpose is to ensure

that measurements taken from experimental units (say, plot, plant, leaf, cow, etc.) are free from

bias and give results as precise as practicable. This design was relevant to this study because it

was expected to assess causal hypotheses.

Methodology

1. Materials and Equipments

 ¼ kg guava leaves

 500 mL water

 Sieve

 Casserole

 Container (preferably, a sprayer)

  Bananas (at least 9 pieces; for experimentation)

2. Procedures

1. The things needed-the casserole, ¼ kg guava leaves, 500 mL water, bananas, cloth and

container-were washed and placed on a clean table.

2. One-fourth kilogram of guava leaves was put into the casserole together with 500 mL

water. It was boiled for 30 minutes.

3. Then, using the sieve, the residue was separated from the filtrate which is the final

product. The product was left to cool for 15 minutes and was poured into the container.

4. Using the sprayer, guava leaves extract was sprayed to a group of bananas (at least 3

pieces, for some unavoidable situations).

Source of Data

EFFECTIVENESS IN PRESERVING BANANAS

Independent (without Dependent (with Guava Dependent (with Chemical

preservatives) preservatives) preservatives)
Day 1 The bananas are still yellow- The bananas are still yellow- The bananas are still yellow-
green in color. green in color. green in color.

Day 2 The bananas are still yellow- The bananas are still yellow- The bananas are still yellow-
green in color with little green in color. green in color.
freckles.
Day 3 The bananas are in vibrant The bananas are still yellow- The bananas are still yellow-
yellow green in color with little green in color.
freckles.
Day 4 The bananas are yellow with The bananas are in vibrant The bananas are in vibrant
brown spots yellow yellow

Day 5 The bananas are yellow with
several brown spots
Day 6 The bananas are yellow with
several brown spots and
black spots
The bananas are yellow The bananas are yellow with
few brown spots
The bananas are yellow with The bananas are yellow with
few brown spots few brown spots
 Day 7 The bananas are turning The bananas are yellow with The bananas are yellow with
black. brown spots few brown spots

Day 8 The bananas are rotten. The bananas are yellow with The bananas are yellow with
several brown spots. several brown spots.

Day 9 The bananas are rotten. The bananas have several The bananas have several
brown spots and black spots brown spots and black spots

Day 10 The bananas are rotten. The bananas have large black The bananas have large
spots and several brown spots black spots.

Day 11 The bananas are rotten. The bananas are turning black The bananas are turning
black.

Day 12 The bananas are rotten. The bananas are rotten. The bananas are rotten.

Cost Analysis

Guava Preservatives

Guava Leaves PHP 0.00

Water PHP 0.00

Total: PHP 0.00

Commercialized Preservatives

Sodium Benzoate (250 g) PHP 140.00

Total: PHP 140.00