CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone (SRAN12.1 - 02)

SingleRAN
CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone

Feature Parameter Description
Issue 02
Date 2017-10-23
HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

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Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

Copyright © Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.
SingleRAN
CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone Feature Parameter
Description Contents
Contents
1 About This Document.................................................................................................................. 1

1.1 Scope.............................................................................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Intended Audience.......................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.3 Change History............................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types....................................................................................................................... 2
2 Overview......................................................................................................................................... 3
2.1 Background.....................................................................................................................................................................3
2.2 Introduction.................................................................................................................................................................... 3
2.3 Benefits........................................................................................................................................................................... 4
3 Technical Description...................................................................................................................6
3.1 Overview........................................................................................................................................................................ 6
3.2 Reducing PUSCH Interference.......................................................................................................................................6
3.3 Reducing PDSCH Interference.......................................................................................................................................8
4 Related Features.............................................................................................................................9
5 Network Impact........................................................................................................................... 12
6 Engineering Guidelines............................................................................................................. 14
6.1 When to Use................................................................................................................................................................. 14
6.2 Required Information................................................................................................................................................... 14
6.3 Planning........................................................................................................................................................................ 16
6.3.1 RF Planning............................................................................................................................................................... 16
6.3.2 Network Planning...................................................................................................................................................... 19
6.3.3 Hardware Planning.................................................................................................................................................... 19
6.4 Deployment.................................................................................................................................................................. 19
6.4.1 Requirements............................................................................................................................................................. 19
6.4.2 Precautions.................................................................................................................................................................20
6.4.3 Data Preparation and Feature Activation...................................................................................................................20
6.4.3.1 Data Preparation..................................................................................................................................................... 20
6.4.3.2 Using the CME....................................................................................................................................................... 21
6.4.3.3 Using MML Commands......................................................................................................................................... 21
6.4.3.4 MML Command Examples.................................................................................................................................... 22
6.4.4 Activation Observation..............................................................................................................................................22
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Description Contents
6.4.5 Deactivation...............................................................................................................................................................22
6.4.5.1 Using the CME....................................................................................................................................................... 22
6.4.5.2 Using MML Commands......................................................................................................................................... 23
6.4.5.3 MML Command Examples.................................................................................................................................... 23
6.4.6 Reconfiguration......................................................................................................................................................... 23
6.5 Performance Monitoring...............................................................................................................................................23
6.6 Parameter Optimization................................................................................................................................................ 24
6.7 Possible Issues.............................................................................................................................................................. 25
7 Parameters..................................................................................................................................... 26
8 Performance counters................................................................................................................. 33
9 Glossary......................................................................................................................................... 35
10 Reference Documents............................................................................................................... 36
Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

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Description 1 About This Document
1 About This Document
1.1 Scope
This document describes LOFD-111205 CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone (LTE FDD),
including its technical principles, related features, network impact, and engineering
guidelines.
1.2 Intended Audience

This document is intended for personnel who:
l Need to understand the features described herein
l Work with Huawei products
1.3 Change History

This section provides information about the changes in different document versions. There are
two types of changes:
l Feature change
Changes in features and parameters of a specified version as well as the affected entities
l Editorial change
Changes in wording or addition of information and any related parameters affected by
editorial changes. Editorial change does not specify the affected entities.
SRAN12.1 02 (2017-10-23)
This issue includes the following changes.
Change Change Description Parameter Change

Type
Feature None None

change
Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

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Description 1 About This Document

Type
Editorial Added 3D Beamforming to the list of impacted None

change features. For details, see 4 Related Features.
Added descriptions of the support for this feature None

in 3 MHz scenarios. For details, see 6.1 When to
Use, 6.3.1 RF Planning, and 6.4.1
Requirements.
SRAN12.1 01 (2017-03-08)
This issue does not include any changes.
SRAN12.1 Draft A (2016-12-30)

Draft A (2016-12-30) of SRAN12.1 introduces the following changes to Issue 03
(2016-06-23) of SRAN11.1.

Type
Feature Added MLOFD-121280 eMTC Introduction to None

change impacted features. For details, see 4 Related
Features.
Changed the names of the following features None

described in 4 Related Features:
l Changed "Inter-eNodeB SFN Based on
Coordinated BBU" to "Inter-eNodeB SFN
Based on Coordinated eNodeB".
l Changed "Inter-eNodeB Adaptive SFN/
SDMA Based on Coordinated BBU" to "Inter-
eNodeB Adaptive SFN/SDMA Based on
Coordinated eNodeB"
l Changed "UL CoMP based on Coordinated
BBU" to "UL CoMP Based on Coordinated
eNodeB"
Editorial Optimized descriptions in this document. None

change
1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types

The features described in this document apply only to macro base stations.

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Description 2 Overview
2 Overview
2.1 Background
As networks evolve from CDMA to LTE, inter-RAT intra-frequency interference may occur at
the coverage edges of these two networks. To reduce the interference, the conventional
solution is to geographically isolate LTE coverage areas from CDMA coverage areas by
planning a buffer zone in between. However, LTE cells working on the same frequency as
nearby CDMA cells cannot be deployed in the buffer zone, which leads to a significant waste
of spectrum resources.
The CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone (LTE FDD) feature has been introduced to reduce this
waste of spectrum resources. This feature uses the spectrum resources in the buffer zone to
deploy LTE cells, improving spectral efficiency and eliminating the need to plan the buffer
zone.
2.2 Introduction
The CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone feature optimizes uplink and downlink scheduling for
LTE, reducing the inter-RAT intra-frequency interference between CDMA and LTE networks.
This feature involves the refarming of existing CDMA spectrum. Two concepts are
particularly important to understanding how the feature works: dedicated spectrum and shared
spectrum.
The relationship between dedicated and shared spectrums is illustrated in Figure 2-1 below,
using an LTE cell with a bandwidth of 5 MHz as an example.

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Figure 2-1 Dedicated and shared spectrums
NOTE
CDMA 1x is short for CDMA 1 times radio transmission technology and EV-DO for Evolution-Data
Optimized.
2.3 Benefits
Increasing LTE Network Capacity
This feature uses the shared spectrum in the buffer zone to deploy LTE cells, which increases
spectral efficiency and improves the network capacity and user experience for LTE.
Take a 10 MHz spectrum for example. The spectrum consists of the CDMA-dedicated
spectrum (5 MHz), the CDMA/LTE shared spectrum (one or two CDMA carriers), and the
LTE-dedicated spectrum. If this feature is not used, only a 1.4 or 3 MHz spectrum can be used
to deploy LTE cells in the buffer zone.
But with this feature, there will be a 5 MHz spectrum available to deploy LTE cells there. The
uplink and downlink capacities will be, respectively, 200% and 110% greater than when there
was only 1.4 MHz available. If there had originally been 3 MHz available for LTE
deployment, the respective uplink and downlink capacity gains will be 45% and 25%.

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Figure 2-2 Feature application in the 10 MHz spectrum scenario
NOTE
The capacity gains mentioned above are obtained under the assumption that all remaining resource block
(RB) resources can be scheduled. On live networks, the capacity gains may decrease by up to 20%.
Eliminating the Buffer Zone

This feature eliminates the need to plan a buffer zone, simplifying CDMA-to-LTE refarming
and accelerating the evolution towards LTE.

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Description 3 Technical Description
3 Technical Description
3.1 Overview
The eNodeB determines whether an LTE UE is a cell edge user (CEU) or a cell center user
(CCU) based on the reference signal received power (RSRP) measured by the UE and the
feature configuration. The eNodeB then optimizes uplink and downlink scheduling for the
UE, which reduces the inter-RAT intra-frequency interference between CDMA and LTE
networks.
l If the eNodeB determines that a UE is CEU, the UE can occupy the RBs only on the
LTE-dedicated spectrum during physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) or physical
downlink shared channel (PDSCH) scheduling.
l If the eNodeB determines that a UE is CCU, the UE can occupy the RBs on both the
LTE-dedicated spectrum and shared spectrum during PUSCH or PDSCH scheduling.
The CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone feature is controlled by the AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch
option of the CellAlgoSwitch.AvoidInterfSwitch parameter.
This feature supports a maximum of two shared spectrums (in the buffer zone before this
feature is enabled), which are specified by the parameters in the CLZeroBufferzone MO.
The start RB position and end RB position of the first shared spectrum are specified by the
ClSharedFreqStartRb1 and ClSharedFreqEndRb1 parameters, respectively. The start RB
position and end RB position of the second shared spectrum are specified by the
ClSharedFreqStartRb2 and ClSharedFreqEndRb2 parameters, respectively.
3.2 Reducing PUSCH Interference

The eNodeB uses different PUSCH RB scheduling solutions for UEs based on the
configuration policy of the shared spectrum, the uplink physical resource block (PRB) usage,
and the UE location to reduce mutual interference between an LTE PUSCH and a CDMA
carrier. Figure 3-1 shows the PUSCH RB scheduling process.

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Figure 3-1 PUSCH RB scheduling process
In Figure 3-1,
l The ID of the CL Zero Buffer Zone UL Shared Freq Indication parameter is
CLZeroBufferzone.ClZeroBufzoneUlSharedInd.
l The ID of the CL Zero Buffer Zone Uplink PRB Threshold parameter is
CLZeroBufferzone.ClZeroBufferZoneUlPrbThd.
If the RSRP of a UE is greater than the value of the
CLZeroBufferzone.UlNearPtUserRsrpThd parameter, the eNodeB considers the UE a CCU.

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3.3 Reducing PDSCH Interference

The eNodeB uses different PDSCH RB scheduling solutions for UEs based on the
configuration policy of the shared spectrum and the UE location to reduce mutual interference
between an LTE PDSCH and a CDMA carrier. Figure 3-2 shows the PDSCH RB scheduling
process.
Figure 3-2 PDSCH RB scheduling process
In Figure 3-2, the ID of the CL Zero Buffer Zone DL Shared Freq Indication parameter
is CLZeroBufferzone.ClZeroBufzoneDlSharedInd.
If the RSRP of a UE is greater than the value of the
CLZeroBufferzone.DlNearPtUserRsrpThd parameter, the eNodeB considers the UE a
CCU.

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Description 4 Related Features
4 Related Features
Prerequisite Features
None
Mutually Exclusive Features

Feature ID Feature Name Description
LAOFD-081233 Dynamic TDM This feature applies only to macro base

eICIC stations. Therefore, it is mutually
exclusive with eICIC-related features.
LAOFD-081234 FeICIC
LOFD-060201 Adaptive Inter-Cell This feature is mutually exclusive with

Interference Adaptive Inter-Cell Interference
Coordination Coordination and SFN-related features in
terms of uplink and downlink spectrum
LOFD-003029 SFN allocation for scheduling.
LOFD-070205 Adaptive SFN/
SDMA
LOFD-081208 Inter-eNodeB SFN

Based on
Coordinated eNodeB
LOFD-081209 Inter-eNodeB
Adaptive SFN/
SDMA Based on
Coordinated eNodeB

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LEOFD-111302 Flexible Bandwidth l CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone can

Based on be enabled for neither cells in the
Overlapping Carriers Double Deck cell group (hereafter
referred to as Double Deck cells) if
any of the following non-standard
bandwidths is used: 8.9 MHz, 8.6
MHz, 7.6 MHz, 7.3 MHz, and 5.7
MHz
l CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone
cannot be enabled for Double Deck
cells with a standard bandwidth of 3
MHz if any of the following non-
standard bandwidths is used: 17.1
MHz, 12.2 MHz, and 4 MHz
l CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone
cannot be enabled for Double Deck
cells with a standard bandwidth of 10
MHz if either of the following non-
standard bandwidths is used: 28.5
MHz and 27.6 MHz
LOFD-070208 Coordinated -
Scheduling based
Power Control
Impacted Features
LOFD-001066 Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP When cells enabled with the CDMA

and LTE Zero Bufferzone feature and
LOFD-070222 Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP Phase other common cells are involved in
II UL CoMP, the benefits provided by
LOFD-070223 UL CoMP Based on UL CoMP may be affected if the
Coordinated eNodeB uplink spectrums available for these
cells are inconsistent.
LOFD-081219 Inter-eNodeB VoLTE CoMP Only the LTE-dedicated spectrum can
be scheduled at the edge of cells
enabled with CDMA and LTE Zero
Bufferzone. If the proportion of the
LTE-dedicated spectrum to all
spectrums is 75% and these cells and
other common cells are involved in
UL CoMP, only the LTE-dedicated
spectrum can obtain combination
gains, which are lower than those
obtained in normal situations.

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LAOFD-0010 LTE-A Introduction When the CDMA and LTE Zero

01 Bufferzone feature is enabled in the
secondary cell (SCell) in CA
scenarios:
l LTE-A Introduction has the
following impacts on this feature
if the secondary carrier is
configured with downlink SCell
but not with uplink SCell: CA
UEs cannot estimate path loss
through uplink RSRP
measurement. As a result, the
eNodeB cannot determine whether
a CA UE is a CCU. Even though a
CA UE is a CCU, uplink and
downlink shared spectrums cannot
be scheduled.
l LTE-A Introduction has no impact
on this feature for non-CA UEs, if
the secondary carrier is configured
with both uplink SCell and
downlink SCell.
LEOFD-12120 3D Beamforming The CDMA and LTE Zero

4 Bufferzone feature affects channel
calibration and therefore affects the
performance of the Static Shared
Beam (SSB) function. The CDMA
and LTE Zero Bufferzone feature is
not recommended for cells where
SSB is used.
MLOFD-1212 eMTC Introduction This feature does not take effect on

80 eMTC UEs when CDMA and LTE
Zero Bufferzone (LTE FDD) is
enabled. Co-channel interference may
occur between neighboring CDMA
and LTE sites because the uplink or
downlink scheduling for eMTC UEs
is not restricted.

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Description 5 Network Impact
5 Network Impact
System Capacity
l Impact on LTE system capacity
See Increasing LTE Network Capacity in 2.3 Benefits.
l Impact on CDMA system capacity
Both uplink and downlink capacities may decrease by 5% to 15%.
Network Performance
If there is no inter-RAT intra-frequency interference between CDMA and LTE networks
before feature activation, activating this feature may generate the interference.
The data rates of LTE UEs at the coverage edge may decrease because the PDCCH
experiences more interference and the coverage area of the LTE cell shrinks. To avoid this
problem, configure CDMA pilot beacons (PBs) to isolate the interference or hand over the
LTE UEs at the coverage edge to LTE high-frequency cells quickly.
This feature will expand the bandwidth available to LTE cells operating in the buffer zone
from 1.4 or 3 MHz to 5 MHz. The following KPIs will improve for these cells:
l Cell Downlink Average Throughput
l Cell Uplink Average Throughput
l User Downlink Average Throughput
l User Uplink Average Throughput
This feature will have a negative impact on the following KPIs, for LTE cells operating in the
buffer zone with 5 MHz of bandwidth instead of 1.4 or 3 MHz:
l E-RAB Setup Success Rate[%]
l Call Drop Rate[%]
l Intra-frequency Handover Out Success Rate[%]
l Inter-frequency Handover Out Success Rate[%]
The last four KPIs may deteriorate by 5% to 10%.
This feature will have a negative impact on the following KPIs for CDMA cells:
l Call Drop Ratio Of CS[%]

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Description 5 Network Impact
l Connection Drop Ratio[%]

l CS Call Setup Success Ratio[%]
l Connection Success Ratio[%]
l Intra-BS Soft HO Success Ratio[%]
l Inter-BS Soft HO Success Ratio[%]
l Main RSSI[dBm]
l Diversity RSSI[dBm]
The last eight KPIs may deteriorate by 10% to 15% for 1X cells and by 10% to 30% for EV-
DO cells. The RSSI may increase by less than 1 dB.

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Description 6 Engineering Guidelines
6 Engineering Guidelines
6.1 When to Use

This feature is recommended if all the following conditions are met:
l CDMA-to-LTE refarming is required.
l At least 3 MHz of contiguous spectrum is available in the buffer zone.
l The proportion of the LTE-dedicated spectrum to all spectrum is greater than or equal to
50%.
For example, there are four CDMA carriers. If two of them work in the shared spectrum
and the other two carriers work in the LTE-dedicated spectrum after CDMA-to-LTE
refarming, then the proportion of the LTE-dedicated spectrum to all spectrum is 50%.
NOTE
It is recommended that the number of consecutive RBs on the LTE-dedicated spectrum be greater
than or equal to 12 in 3 MHz scenarios.
l The inter-site distance is greater than 1 km.
If the inter-site distance is less than or equal to 1 km, network performance may
deteriorate due to the mutual interference between CDMA and LTE. This is because
there is a small difference in the loss between the path from the UE to the serving cell
and that from the UE to the neighboring cell.
6.2 Required Information

Table 6-1 lists the information required to activate this feature.

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Table 6-1 Required information
Required Information Purpose
Spectrum plan on the live network, To provide the basis to set the following
including the LTE-dedicated spectrum, parameters:
shared spectrum, and CDMA-dedicated l ClSharedFreqStartRb1,
spectrum.
l ClSharedFreqEndRb1,
l ClSharedFreqStartRb2,
l ClSharedFreqEndRb2
Engineering parameters on the live To determine the LTE cells that must be enabled
network, including base station with this feature
longitude and latitude, cell azimuth,
antenna height, and downtilt.
Table 6-2 lists the counters required to evaluate the performance of LTE and CDMA cells
before and after feature activation. After feature activation, it is recommended that you use
the baseline of the counters obtained when the LTE cell has a certain load to perform an
acceptance test on the LTE network.
Table 6-2 Required counters
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Remarks

Description
1526728261 L.Thrp.bits.DL Total downlink Downlink

traffic volume for throughput = Total
PDCP SDUs in a downlink traffic
cell volume for PDCP
SDUs in a cell/Total
1526728262 L.Thrp.Time.DL Total transmit transmit duration of
duration of downlink PDCP
downlink PDCP SDUs in a cell
SDUs in a cell
1526728259 L.Thrp.bits.UL Total uplink traffic Uplink throughput =

volume for PDCP Total uplink traffic
PDUs in a cell volume for PDCP
PDUs in a cell/Total
1526728260 L.Thrp.Time.UL Total receive receive duration of
duration of uplink uplink PDCP PDUs
PDCP PDUs in a in a cell
cell
1157632849 Call Drop Ratio Of CS[%] CS call drop rate CDMA KPIs
1157631254 Connection Drop Ratio[%] Connection drop

rate
1157629373 CS Call Setup Success Success rate of CS

Ratio[%] call setup

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Counter ID Counter Name Counter Remarks

Description
1157631250 Connection Success Success rate of all

Ratio[%] connections
1157628225 Intra-BS Soft HO Success Success rate of intra-

Ratio[%] BS soft HOs for
adding legs and
deleting legs
1157628257 Inter-BS Soft HO Success Success rate of inter-

Ratio[%] BS soft HOs for
adding legs and
deleting legs
1157628134 Main RSSI[dBm] Average of received

signal strength
indicator (RSSI)
values of carriers in
the main operation
1157628135 Diversity RSSI[dBm] Average of RSSI

values of carriers in
the diversity
operation
6.3 Planning
6.3.1 RF Planning
Before feature activation, plan the buffer zone based on the engineering parameters and the
operator's CDMA and LTE spectrum usage rules. Buffer zone planning is the same as normal
CDMA-to-LTE refarming planning. For details, contact Huawei technical support. The
following are the recommendations for RF planning:
l It is recommended that spectrum distribution be performed for CDMA-to-LTE refarming

in the following order: LTE-dedicated spectrum, shared spectrum, and CDMA-dedicated
spectrum.
l It is recommended that the proportion of the LTE-dedicated spectrum be greater than or
equal to 50% and that the number of consecutive RBs on the LTE-dedicated spectrum be
greater than or equal to 12 in 3 MHz scenarios. This is to prevent LTE uplink resource
insufficiency due to a large difference between the shared spectrum and the LTE-
dedicated spectrum.
l For a CDMA cell where there is a PB at the coverage edge, it is recommended that you
keep the PB. For a CDMA cell where there is no PB, it is recommended that you
configure a PB at the coverage edge to improve the KPIs.
l This feature is recommended if the spectrum in which the CDMA intra-frequency carrier
is at the edge of the LTE spectrum, as shown in Figure 6-1, Figure 6-2, and Figure 6-3.

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Figure 6-1 Spectrum in which the CDMA EV-DO intra-frequency carrier being at the
edge of the LTE spectrum
Figure 6-2 Spectrum in which the CDMA 1X intra-frequency carrier being at the edge
of the LTE spectrum
Figure 6-3 Spectrum in which the CDMA 1X and EV-DO intra-frequency carriers being
at the edge of the LTE spectrum
This feature is not recommended if the spectrum in which the CDMA 1X and EV-DO
intra-frequency carriers are both in the middle of the LTE spectrum, as shown in Figure
6-4.

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Figure 6-4 Spectrum in which the CDMA 1X and EV-DO intra-frequency carriers being
in the middle of the LTE spectrum
l Figure 6-5 and Figure 6-6 show recommended solutions to deploy this feature in the
buffer zone (in yellow) and the coverage edge.
Figure 6-5 Recommended deployment solution I
Figure 6-6 Recommended deployment solution II
When a CDMA UE moves from a CDMA cell to the original buffer zone during the
handover between CDMA carriers at the coverage edge, it will be handed over to a

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CDMA carrier that operates in a different frequency from LTE 800 MHz under the
guidance of a CDMA PB.
When an LTE UE moves from an LTE 800 MHz cell to an LTE 1800 MHz cell during
the handover between LTE carriers at the coverage edge, it will be handed over to an
interference-free LTE 1800 MHz carrier through an inter-frequency handover.
6.3.2 Network Planning

N/A
6.3.3 Hardware Planning

5 MHz LTE is used as an example. The bandwidth of one CDMA carrier is 1.23 MHz, and the
bandwidth of four CDMA carriers is only 4.92 MHz. Therefore, the non-standard bandwidth
scenario is involved. In dual-mode scenarios, radio frequency (RF) modules must support the
Compact Bandwidth feature. At present, only the CRFUe and RRU3653 support the Compact
Bandwidth feature in CDMA/LTE dual-mode scenarios.
In LTE-only scenarios, 5 MHz LTE can be configured directly. There is no special
requirement for RF modules.
6.4 Deployment
6.4.1 Requirements
Other Features
For details, see 4 Related Features.
Hardware
None
License
Feature Feature License License NE Sales Unit
ID Name Control Item Control Item
ID
LOFD-11 CDMA LT1SCL0BUZ00 CDMA and eNodeB per cell

1205 and LTE LTE Zero
Zero Bufferzone
Bufferzone (LTE FDD)
(LTE
FDD)
Other Requirements
This feature cannot be deployed on a cell with the 1.4 bandwidth.

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6.4.2 Precautions
The uplink and downlink bandwidths of the LTE cell may be modified during feature
activation, which may cause short-term service interruption. Therefore, it is recommended
that you activate this feature when the number of users in the cell is small, for example, at
midnight.
6.4.3 Data Preparation and Feature Activation
6.4.3.1 Data Preparation

Table 6-3 and Table 6-4 list the data required to prepare for the activation of this feature.
Table 6-3 Parameter in the CELLALGOSWITCH MO

Parameter Parameter Setting Notes Data
Name ID Source
Interferenc AvoidInterfS Select the AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch option Engineerin

e witch of the AvoidInterfSwitch parameter. g design
avoidance
switch
Table 6-4 Parameters in the CLZeroBufferzone MO

Name ID Source
CL Zero ClZeroBufzo Set these parameters to Radio

Buffer neUlSharedI CCU_SCHEDULING(CCU Scheduling network
Zone UL nd Shared Spectrum) if the interference from plan
Shared the CDMA intra-frequency neighboring cell (internal)
Freq is acceptable. This is to improve the spectral
Indication efficiency of the LTE cell.
CL Zero ClZeroBufzo
Buffer neDlSharedI
Zone DL nd
Shared
Freq
Indication
LocalCellI LocalCellId Set this parameter as required.

d
CL Shared ClSharedFre Set this parameter according to the spectrum

Spectrum qStartRb1 plan.
Start RB1

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Name ID Source
CL Shared ClSharedFre
Spectrum qEndRb1
End RB1
Spectrum qStartRb2
Start RB2
Spectrum qEndRb2
End RB2
CL Zero ClZeroBuffer The default value is recommended.

Buffer ZoneUlPrbTh
Zone d
Uplink
PRB
Threshold
CL Zero ClZeroBuffer
Buffer ZoneUlPrbOs
Zone t
Uplink
PRB Offset
Ul Near UlNearPtUse
Point User rRsrpThd
Rsrp
Threshold
Dl Near DlNearPtUse
Point User rRsrpThd
Rsrp
Threshold
6.4.3.2 Using the CME

For detailed operations, see CME-based Feature Configuration.
6.4.3.3 Using MML Commands

Step 1 Run the eNodeB MML command MOD CLZEROBUFFERZONE. For parameter
configurations, see Table 6-4.
Step 2 Run the eNodeB MML command MOD CELLALGOSWITCH. For parameter
configurations, see Table 6-3.
----End

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6.4.3.4 MML Command Examples

//Configuring parameters for CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone on the eNodeB
MOD CLZEROBUFFERZONE: LocalCellId=1, ClZeroBufzoneUlSharedInd=CCU_SCHEDULING,
ClZeroBufzoneDlSharedInd=CCU_SCHEDULING, ClSharedFreqStartRb1=0,
ClSharedFreqEndRb1=5, ClSharedFreqStartRb2=0, ClSharedFreqEndRb2=0,
ClZeroBufferZoneUlPrbThd=25, ClZeroBufferZoneUlPrbOst=5, UlNearPtUserRsrpThd=-75,
DlNearPtUserRsrpThd=-85;
//Activating CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone on the eNodeB

MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=1, AvoidInterfSwitch=AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch-1;
6.4.4 Activation Observation

This feature has taken effect if the following conditions are met:
l Uplink
– The ClZeroBufzoneUlSharedInd parameter is set to CCU_SCHEDULING(CCU
Scheduling Shared Spectrum).
– The actual uplink PRB usage is greater than the value of the
ClZeroBufferZoneUlPrbThd parameter.
– The value of the L.ChMeas.PRB.Shared.UL.Used.Avg counter is not zero.
l Downlink
– The ClZeroBufzoneDlSharedInd parameter is set to CCU_SCHEDULING(CCU
Scheduling Shared Spectrum) or SCHEDULING(Scheduling Shared
Spectrum).
– The value of the L.ChMeas.PRB.Shared.DL.Used.Avg counter is not zero.
6.4.5 Deactivation
The following table provides the parameter used to deactivate this feature.
Table 6-5 Parameter used to deactivate this feature

MO Parameter Name Parameter ID Setting Notes
CELLALGOS Interference AvoidInterfSwitch Deselect the

WITCH avoidance switch AvoidCDMAInterfS-
witch option of the
AvoidInterfSwitch
parameter.
This feature can be deactivated using the CME or MML commands.
6.4.5.1 Using the CME

For detailed operations, see CME-based Feature Configuration.

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6.4.5.2 Using MML Commands

Step 1 Run the eNodeB MML command MOD CELLALGOSWITCH to deselect the
AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch option of the AvoidInterfSwitch parameter.
----End
6.4.5.3 MML Command Examples

//Deactivating CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone on the eNodeB
MOD CELLALGOSWITCH: LocalCellId=1, AvoidInterfSwitch=AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch-0;
6.4.6 Reconfiguration
None
6.5 Performance Monitoring

Compare the values of the counters in Table 6-2 before and after feature activation. In
addition, observe the values of the counters listed in Table 6-6.
Table 6-6 Counters for performance monitoring
Counter Name Counter Description
L.Thrp.bits.DL Total downlink traffic volume for PDCP

SDUs in a cell
L.Thrp.Time.DL Total transmit duration of downlink PDCP

SDUs in a cell
L.Thrp.bits.UL Total uplink traffic volume for PDCP PDUs

in a cell
L.Thrp.Time.UL Total receive duration of uplink PDCP

PDUs in a cell
L.ChMeas.PRB.Shared.UL.Used.Avg Average number of used uplink PRBs in the

shared spectrum in an LTE cell
L.ChMeas.PRB.Shared.DL.Used.Avg Average number of used downlink PRBs in

the shared spectrum in an LTE cell
Use the first four counters in Table 6-6 to calculate the uplink and downlink throughputs in a
cell as follows:
l Uplink throughput in a cell = L.Thrp.bits.UL/L.Thrp.Time.UL

l Downlink throughput in a cell = L.Thrp.bits.DL/L.Thrp.Time.DL
Use the last two counters in Table 6-6 to obtain the average number of used uplink or
downlink PRBs in the shared spectrum in a cell.

SingleRAN
6.6 Parameter Optimization

After this feature is activated, the uplink and downlink throughputs of the LTE cell and the
uplink PRB usage and downlink PRB usage may be low. Also, the uplink RSSI and KPIs of
the CDMA intra-frequency neighboring cell may deteriorate significantly. If either of these
events occurs, optimize the parameters listed in Table 6-7.
Table 6-7 Parameters to be optimized

Parameter ID Setting Notes
l ClSharedFreqStartRb1 Check whether the parameter configurations comply with the

l ClSharedFreqEndRb1 frequency spectrum plan.
l ClSharedFreqStartRb2
l ClSharedFreqEndRb2
ClZeroBufzoneUlShare- l If this parameter is set to NOT_SCHEDULING, UEs

dInd cannot occupy uplink shared spectrum, which affects user
experience and uplink cell capacity. However, the uplink
interference on the CDMA network decreases.
l If this parameter is set to CCU_Scheduling, CCUs can
occupy uplink shared spectrum, which improves user
experience and uplink cell capacity. However, the uplink
interference on the CDMA network increases.
ClZeroBufzoneDlShare- l If this parameter is set to NOT_SCHEDULING, UEs

dInd cannot occupy downlink shared spectrum, which affects
user experience and downlink cell capacity. However, the
downlink interference on the CDMA network decreases.
l If this parameter is set to CCU_Scheduling, CCUs can
occupy downlink shared spectrum, which improves user
experience and downlink cell capacity. However, the
downlink interference on the CDMA network increases.
l If this parameter is set to SCHEDULING, all UEs can
occupy downlink shared spectrum, which improves user
experience and downlink cell capacity. However, the
downlink interference on the CDMA network increases.
UlNearPtUserRsrpThd l If this parameter is set to a large value:

– It is less likely that a UE will be determined as a
CCU.
– The average number of uplink RBs to be shared is
small.
l Setting this parameter to a small value produces the
opposite results. However, if this parameter is set to a too
small value, mutual interference between adjacent sites
sharing CDMA frequencies increases, which deteriorates
the uplink performance.

SingleRAN
Parameter ID Setting Notes
DlNearPtUserRsrpThd l If this parameter is set to a large value:

– It is less likely that a UE will be determined as a
CCU.
– The average number of downlink RBs to be shared is
small.
l Setting this parameter to a small value produces the
opposite results. However, if this parameter is set to a too
small value, mutual interference between adjacent sites
sharing CDMA frequencies increases, which deteriorates
the downlink performance.
6.7 Possible Issues

None

SingleRAN
Description 7 Parameters
7 Parameters

SingleRAN
Table 7-1 Parameters

MO Parame MML Feature Feature Description
ter ID Comma ID Name
nd
CellAlg AvoidInt MOD MRFD- GSM Meaning:

oSwitch erfSwitc CELLA 231808 and LTE Indicates whether to enable interference avoidance in
h LGOSW MRFD- Buffer the cell.
ITCH 101221 Zone
LST Optimiz AvoidGeranInterfSwitc: Indicates whether to enable
LOFD-1 ation(LT the GSM and LTE buffer zone optimization feature.
CELLA 11205
LGOSW E)
TDLOF If this option is selected, the feature is optimized.
ITCH UL
D-08121 Refarmi Before selecting this option, pay attention to the
7 ng Zero following:
Bufferzo
1. To modify the uplink and downlink cell bandwidth
ne
for an LTE cell in advance, expand the cell bandwidth
CDMA to the immediate higher level of standard bandwidths.
and LTE For example, the bandwidth of a 15 MHz cell must be
Zero changed to 20 MHz.
Bufferzo
ne (LTE 2. It is recommended that this option be deselected if
FDD) the cell bandwidth is 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHz, or 10
MHz.
Interfere
nce 3. To avoid co-channel interference to the PUCCH
Detectio from GERAN cells, select the PucchFlexCfgSwitch
n and option under the PucchAlgoSwitch parameter.
Suppres
sion TddAvoidUpPTSInterfSwitch: Indicates whether to
enable UpPTS interference detection and avoidance. If
this option is selected, UpPTS interference detection
and avoidance are enabled for LTE TDD.
AvoidPrachInterfSwitch: Indicates whether to enable
PRACH interference avoidance in the frequency
domain. If this option is selected, PRACH interference
avoidance is enabled for LTE TDD.
AvoidUtranInterfSwitch: Indicates whether to
optimize the UL refarming zero buffer zone feature. If
this option is selected, the feature is optimized. This
option applies only to LTE FDD.
IntraBandInterfMonitorSwitch: Indicates whether to
enable in-band interference monitoring. If this option
is selected, in-band interference monitoring is enabled
for the cell. If this option is deselected, in-band
interference monitoring is disabled for the cell. This
option does not apply to cells served by LBBPc
boards. This option applies only to LTE TDD.
AvoidSpurEmissInterfSwitch: Indicates whether to
enable spurious interference avoidance. If this option

SingleRAN

nd
is selected, spurious interference avoidance is enabled.

This option applies only to LTE FDD.
UlInterfSuppressionSwitch: Indicates whether to
automatically adjust uplink power control parameters
based on interference and perform conservative
scheduling for access signaling. If this option is
selected, uplink power control parameters are
automatically adjusted based on interference, and
conservative scheduling is performed for access
signaling. This option applies only to LTE TDD.
AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch: Indicates whether to enable
CDMA and LTE zero buffer zone. It is recommended
that this option be selected at the buffer zone of
CDMA and LTE refarming. Because of frequency
band differences between RATs, the CDMA and LTE
zero buffer zone feature is mutually exclusive with the
GL DSS, GSM and LTE buffer zone optimization, and
UL refarming zero buffer zone features. You are
advised not to enable CDMA and LTE zero buffer
zone with GL DSS, GL zero buffer zone, or UL buffer
zone optimization. This option applies only to LTE
FDD.
GUI Value Range: AvoidGeranInterfS-
witch(AvoidGeranInterfSwitch), TddAvoidUpPTSIn-
terfSwitch(TddAvoidUpPTSInterfSwitch),
AvoidPrachInterfSwitch(AvoidPrachInterfSwitch),
AvoidUtranInterfSwitch(AvoidUtranInterfSwitch),
IntraBandInterfMonitorSwitch(IntraBandInterfMoni-
torSwitch), AvoidSpurEmissInterfS-
witch(AvoidSpurEmissInterfSwitch), UlInterfSuppres-
sionSwitch(UlInterfSuppressionSwitch),
AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch(AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch)
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: AvoidGeranInterfSwitch,
TddAvoidUpPTSInterfSwitch, AvoidPrachInterfS-
witch, AvoidUtranInterfSwitch, IntraBandInterfMoni-
torSwitch, AvoidSpurEmissInterfSwitch,
UlInterfSuppressionSwitch, AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch
Default Value: AvoidGeranInterfSwitch:Off,
TddAvoidUpPTSInterfSwitch:Off,
AvoidPrachInterfSwitch:Off, AvoidUtranInterfS-
witch:Off, IntraBandInterfMonitorSwitch:Off,
AvoidSpurEmissInterfSwitch:Off, UlInterfSuppres-
sionSwitch:Off, AvoidCDMAInterfSwitch:Off

SingleRAN

nd
CLZero ClShare MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the start location of resource
Bufferzo dFreqSt CLZER 11205 Bufferzo blocks (RBs) in CL Phase1 Refarming Zero
ne artRb1 OBUFF ne (LTE Bufferzone. This parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
ERZON FDD) GUI Value Range: 0~99
E
Unit: None
LST
CLZER Actual Value Range: 0~99
OBUFF Default Value: 0
ERZON
E
CLZero ClShare MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the end location of resource blocks
Bufferzo dFreqEn CLZER 11205 Bufferzo (RBs) in CL Phase1 Refarming Zero Bufferzone. This
ne dRb1 OBUFF ne (LTE parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
E
Unit: None
LST
ERZON
E
CLZero ClShare MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the start location of resource
Bufferzo dFreqSt CLZER 11205 Bufferzo blocks (RBs) in CL Phase2 Refarming Zero
ne artRb2 OBUFF ne (LTE Bufferzone. This parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
E
Unit: None
LST
ERZON
E
CLZero ClShare MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the end location of resource blocks
Bufferzo dFreqEn CLZER 11205 Bufferzo (RBs) in CL Phase2 Refarming Zero Bufferzone. This
ne dRb2 OBUFF ne (LTE parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
E
Unit: None
LST
ERZON
E

SingleRAN

nd
CLZero ClZeroB MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the uplink sharing spectrum
Bufferzo ufzoneU CLZER 11205 Bufferzo scheduling indicator for the CL Zero Bufferzone
ne lSharedI OBUFF ne (LTE feature. The parameter is used to configure the policy
nd ERZON FDD) of using uplink shared spectrum. This parameter
E applies only to LTE FDD.
LST GUI Value Range: NOT_SCHEDULING(Not
CLZER Scheduling Shared Spectrum),
OBUFF CCU_SCHEDULING(CCU Scheduling Shared
ERZON Spectrum)
E Unit: None
Actual Value Range: NOT_SCHEDULING,
CCU_SCHEDULING
Default Value: NOT_SCHEDULING(Not Scheduling
Shared Spectrum)
CLZero ClZeroB MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the uplink PRB usage threshold
Bufferzo ufferZon CLZER 11205 Bufferzo for the CL Zero Bufferzone feature. This parameter
ne eUlPrbT OBUFF ne (LTE takes effect only when ClZeroBufzoneUlSharedInd is
hd ERZON FDD) set to CCU_SCHEDULING. When the uplink PRB
E usage is higher than the threshold, the eNodeB
LST determines whether to use uplink shared spectrum.
CLZER This parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
OBUFF GUI Value Range: 0~100
ERZON Unit: %
E
Actual Value Range: 0~100
Default Value: 25
CLZero UlNearP MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the threshold for enabling uplink
Bufferzo tUserRsr CLZER 11205 Bufferzo sharing spectrum scheduling for UEs in or near the
ne pThd OBUFF ne (LTE cell center in the CL Zero Bufferzone feature. When
ERZON FDD) the UE downlink RSRP is greater than the value of
E this parameter, the UE is regarded as in or near the
LST cell center. The UE is regarded as far from the cell
CLZER center only if the UE downlink RSRP is less than this
OBUFF parameter value minus 5 dB. This is to prevent signal
ERZON fluctuation. This parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
E GUI Value Range: -140~-43
Unit: dBm
Actual Value Range: -140~-43
Default Value: -75

SingleRAN

nd
CLZero ClZeroB MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the downlink sharing spectrum
Bufferzo ufzoneD CLZER 11205 Bufferzo scheduling indicator for the CL Zero Bufferzone
ne lSharedI OBUFF ne (LTE feature. The parameter is used to configure the policy
nd ERZON FDD) of using downlink shared spectrum. This parameter
E applies only to LTE FDD.
LST GUI Value Range: NOT_SCHEDULING(Not
CLZER Scheduling Shared Spectrum),
OBUFF CCU_SCHEDULING(CCU Scheduling Shared
ERZON Spectrum), SCHEDULING(Scheduling Shared
E Spectrum)
Unit: None
Actual Value Range: NOT_SCHEDULING,
CCU_SCHEDULING, SCHEDULING
Default Value: NOT_SCHEDULING(Not Scheduling
Shared Spectrum)
CLZero DlNearP MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the threshold for enabling
Bufferzo tUserRsr CLZER 11205 Bufferzo downlink sharing spectrum scheduling for UEs in or
ne pThd OBUFF ne (LTE near the cell center in the CL Zero Bufferzone feature.
ERZON FDD) When the UE downlink RSRP is greater than the
E value of this parameter, the UE is regarded as in or
LST near the cell center. The UE is regarded as far from
CLZER the cell center only if the UE downlink RSRP is less
OBUFF than this parameter value minus 5 dB. This is to
ERZON prevent signal fluctuation. This parameter applies only
E to LTE FDD.
GUI Value Range: -140~-43
Unit: dBm
Actual Value Range: -140~-43
Default Value: -85
CLZero LocalCe LST None None Meaning: Indicates the local cell ID. This parameter
Bufferzo llId CLZER uniquely identifies a cell within an eNodeB. This
ne OBUFF parameter applies only to LTE FDD.
ERZON GUI Value Range: 0~255
E
Unit: None
MOD
OBUFF Default Value: None
ERZON
E

SingleRAN

nd
CLZero ClZeroB MOD LOFD-1 CL Zero Meaning: Indicates the uplink PRB usage offset for
Bufferzo ufferZon CLZER 11205 Bufferzo the CL Zero Bufferzone feature. This parameter takes
ne eUlPrbO OBUFF ne (LTE effect only when ClZeroBufzoneUlSharedInd is set to
st ERZON FDD) CCU_SCHEDULING. When the uplink PRB usage of
E a cell is lower than the difference between the uplink
LST PRB threshold and uplink PRB offset for CL intra-
CLZER frequency bufferzone optimization, uplink shared
OBUFF spectrum decision procedure is exited. This parameter
ERZON applies only to LTE FDD.
E GUI Value Range: 0~100
Unit: %
Actual Value Range: 0~100
Default Value: 5

SingleRAN
Description 8 Performance counters
8 Performance counters
Table 8-1 Counters
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Feature ID Feature Name

Description
1526728259 L.Thrp.bits.UL Total uplink traffic Multi-mode: None Radio Bearer

volume for PDCP GSM: None Management
PDUs in a cell Radio Bearer
UMTS: None
Management
LTE:
LBFD-002008 Basic Scheduling
TDLBFD-002008 Basic Scheduling
LBFD-002025
TDLBFD-002025
1526728260 L.Thrp.Time.UL Total receive Multi-mode: None Radio Bearer

duration of uplink GSM: None Management
PDCP PDUs in a Radio Bearer
cell UMTS: None
Management
LTE:
LBFD-002025
TDLBFD-002025
1526728261 L.Thrp.bits.DL Total downlink Multi-mode: None Radio Bearer

traffic volume for GSM: None Management
PDCP SDUs in a Radio Bearer
cell UMTS: None
Management
LTE:
LBFD-002025
TDLBFD-002025

SingleRAN
Description 8 Performance counters
Counter ID Counter Name Counter Feature ID Feature Name

Description
1526728262 L.Thrp.Time.DL Total transmit Multi-mode: None Radio Bearer

duration of GSM: None Management
downlink PDCP Radio Bearer
SDUs in a cell UMTS: None
Management
LTE:
LBFD-002025
TDLBFD-002025
1526729874 L.ChMeas.PRB.Sha Average number of Multi-mode: GSM and LTE FDD

red.DL.Used.Avg used downlink MRFD-090202 Dynamic Spectrum
PRBs in the shared MRFD-111401 Sharing(LTE FDD)
spectrum in an LTE GSM and LTE Zero
cell GSM: None
Bufferzone
UMTS: None
LTE: LOFD-111205 CDMA and LTE
Zero Bufferzone
(LTE FDD)
1526741742 L.ChMeas.PRB.Sha Average number of Multi-mode: GSM and LTE FDD

red.UL.Used.Avg used uplink PRBs MRFD-090202 Dynamic Spectrum
in the shared MRFD-111401 Sharing(LTE FDD)
spectrum in an LTE GSM and LTE Zero
cell GSM: None
Bufferzone
UMTS: None
LTE: LOFD-111205 CDMA and LTE
Zero Bufferzone
(LTE FDD)

SingleRAN
Description 9 Glossary
9 Glossary
For the acronyms, abbreviations, terms, and definitions, see Glossary.

SingleRAN
Description 10 Reference Documents
10 Reference Documents
None


CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone (SRAN12.1 - 02)

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CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Trademarks and Permissions

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential i

1 About This Document.................................................................................................................. 1

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential ii

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential iii

1 About This Document

1.2 Intended Audience

1.3 Change History

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Feature None None

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 1

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Editorial Added 3D Beamforming to the list of impacted None

Added descriptions of the support for this feature None

SRAN12.1 Draft A (2016-12-30)

Change Change Description Parameter Change

Feature Added MLOFD-121280 eMTC Introduction to None

Changed the names of the following features None

Editorial Optimized descriptions in this document. None

1.4 Differences Between Base Station Types

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 2

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 3

Figure 2-1 Dedicated and shared spectrums

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 4

Figure 2-2 Feature application in the 10 MHz spectrum scenario

Eliminating the Buffer Zone

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 5

3.2 Reducing PUSCH Interference

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 6

Figure 3-1 PUSCH RB scheduling process

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 7

3.3 Reducing PDSCH Interference

Figure 3-2 PDSCH RB scheduling process

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 8

Mutually Exclusive Features

LAOFD-081233 Dynamic TDM This feature applies only to macro base

LOFD-060201 Adaptive Inter-Cell This feature is mutually exclusive with

LOFD-081208 Inter-eNodeB SFN

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 9

Feature ID Feature Name Description

LEOFD-111302 Flexible Bandwidth l CDMA and LTE Zero Bufferzone can

LOFD-001066 Intra-eNodeB UL CoMP When cells enabled with the CDMA

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 10

Feature ID Feature Name Description

LAOFD-0010 LTE-A Introduction When the CDMA and LTE Zero

LEOFD-12120 3D Beamforming The CDMA and LTE Zero

MLOFD-1212 eMTC Introduction This feature does not take effect on

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 11

The last four KPIs may deteriorate by 5% to 10%.

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 12

l Connection Drop Ratio[%]

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 13

6.1 When to Use

6.2 Required Information

Issue 02 (2017-10-23) Huawei Proprietary and Confidential 14

Table 6-1 Required information

Required Information Purpose

Table 6-2 Required counters

Counter ID Counter Name Counter Remarks