The pressure drop per mile is, using Equation 2.

19

Pm = 139.45 (8000/15.52)2 x 0.85/(19.0)5

= 12.72 psi/mi

Therefore, for every mile of pipe, starting at the pipe inlet, the friction causes the pressure

to decrease by 12.72 psi. If the inlet pressure is 200 psi, after 10 miles, the liquid pressure

will have dropped to 200 – 12.72x10 = 72.8 psi.

The Hazen-Williams equation is commonly used in hydraulic analysis of water pipelines.

It is used to calculate the pressure drop in a water pipeline given the pipe diameter and flow

rate, taking into account the internal condition of the pipe using the dimensionless

parameter C. This parameter is called the Hazen-Williams C factor and is a function of the

internal roughness of the pipe. Unlike the friction factor, the C factor increases with the

smoothness of the pipe. In this regard it is more comparable to the transmission factor F

discussed earlier. Values of C range from 60 to 150 or more depending upon the pipe

material and roughness as indicated in Table 2.1

Pipe Material C-factor

Smooth Pipes (All metals) 130-140
Smooth Wood 120
Smooth Masonry 120
Vitrified Clay 110
Cast Iron (Old) 100
Iron (worn/pitted) 60-80
Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) 150
Brick 100

Table 2.1 Hazen-Williams C factors

SYSTEK Technologies, Inc November 24, 2005 23