Disease Name Description

An abscess is a infection characterized by a collection of pus underneath a portion of the

Abscess skin. Bacteria commonly causing abscesses are Staphylococcus aureus and
Streptococcus. These bacteria enter the skin through any cracks or injury to the skin.
Acanthosis nigricans is a condition characterized by abnormal thickening and darkening
of the skin, especially in body creases. It is most commonly associated with obesity or
Acanthosis Nigricans
polycystic ovarian disease in women; though it can occasionally be found in people who
have more serious underlying health problems or who are taking certain medications.
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is thought to be caused by multiple factors.
Overproduction of a normal oil on the skin, called sebum, increases under the influence
Acne (Acne Vulgaris)
of hormones. This, coupled with insufficient shedding of exfoliating dead skin cells, plugs
hair follicles.
Acne excoriée, also known as "picker's acne," results when acne lesions are
compulsively squeezed and scratched, resulting in scabs and scars. It is seen most
Acne Excoriée
commonly in adolescent girls and has been thought to be associated with underlying
depression, anxiety, or emotional problems.
Acne keloidalis nuchae, also known as keloidal folliculitis or nuchal keloidal acne, is a
chronic skin condition characterized by inflamed bumps and scars on the back of the
Acne Keloidalis Nuchae neck. Although it is not related to common acne (acne vulgaris), acne keloidalis nuchae
initially appears as acne-like lesions of inflamed hair follicles (folliculitis) on the nape of
the neck (nuchal area) and, without treatment, can result in large scars (keloids).
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is thought to be caused by multiple factors.
Overproduction of a normal oil on the skin, called sebum, increases under the influence
Acne Vulgaris
of hormones. This, coupled with insufficient shedding of exfoliating dead skin cells, plugs
hair follicles.
Babies can develop blemishes on their face that look exactly like acne commonly seen
Acne, Neonatal (Benign on adolescents. Although the cause of baby acne is unknown, it may be the result of
Cephalic Pustulosis) maternal or infant hormones (androgens) stimulating glands in the face to produce oil,
or sebum.
A skin tag (acrochordon) is a common, possibly inherited condition that manifests as
Acrochordon (Skin Tag) small, flesh-colored growths on a thin stalk. Skin tags are benign lesions that can
sometimes become irritated or traumatized.
Actinic cheilitis, sometimes known as "farmer's lip" or "sailor's lip," is a precancerous
condition related to cumulative lifetime sun exposure. The lower lip is most often
Actinic Cheilitis
affected. Individuals with actinic cheilitis often present with complaints of persistent
dryness and cracking of the lips.
Actinic keratoses, also known as solar keratoses, are small rough or scaly areas of skin
Actinic Keratosis (Solar
due to damage from sun exposure. Some actinic keratoses can turn into squamous cell
Keratosis)
skin cancer, so it is important to perform self-examinations often and catch them early.
Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (the reaction to the
allergen occurs 48–72 hours after exposure). The most common allergens causing
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
allergic contact dermatitis appear to be nickel, chromates, rubber chemicals, and
neomycin (an antibacterial).
Allergic contact dermatitis is an allergy to a substance (the allergen) touching the
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
skin. The reaction occurs 48–72 hours after exposure. Common allergens are nickel,
(Pediatric)
chromates, rubber chemicals, and neomycin (an antibacterial medication).
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition resulting in hair loss. The immune system
Alopecia Areata
of the body mistakenly stops hair growth for unknown reasons.
Female pattern baldness (alopecia) is a form of hair loss affecting women due to an
Alopecia, Female Pattern inherited susceptibility. It is most commonly noticed after menopause, although it may
begin earlier.
Male pattern baldness (alopecia), or androgenetic alopecia, is the patterned balding of a
Alopecia, Male Pattern man. Although the condition may affect both the appearance and self-esteem of some
men, one should note that the condition is not a medical disorder.
Angular cheilitis (perlèche) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the corners of the
Angular Cheilitis mouth. Usually associated with a fungal (Candidal) or bacterial
(Staphylococcal) infection, those affected may also have thrush (oral candidiasis).
First aid and self-care information for animal bites. Any animal, domestic or wild, may
bite a person, breaking the skin and potentially causing complications ranging from
Animal Bites, First Aid
infection to rabies. Rabies is a disease that can be transmitted by the saliva of a rabid
animal.
Anthrax is a disease caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, a bacterium that has
Anthrax the ability to form spores; spores are cells that are essentially dormant (asleep) but
may become active under certain conditions. Anthrax disease can take 3 forms.
Tinea pedis, also known as ringworm of the foot or athlete's foot, is a surface
(superficial) fungal infection of the skin of the foot. The most common fungal disease in
Athlete's Foot (Tinea Pedis) humans, athlete's foot, may be passed to humans by direct contact with infected
people, infected animals, contaminated objects (such as towels or locker room floors),
or the soil.
Avian Influenza H5N1 (Avian Avian influenza, or bird flu, is the name for a certain strain of the influenza virus that is
 usually found only in birds but may occasionally be transmitted to humans, sometimes
Flu, Bird Flu)
causing a serious illness.
Babies can develop blemishes on their face that look exactly like acne commonly seen
on adolescents. Although the cause of baby acne is unknown, it may be the result of
Baby Acne (Neonatal Acne)
maternal or infant hormones (androgens) stimulating glands in the face to produce oil,
or sebum.
Basal cell carcinoma (BCC), also known as basal cell epithelioma, is the most common
Basal Cell Carcinoma (BCC) form of skin cancer. Basal cell carcinoma usually occurs on sun-damaged skin,
especially in light-skinned individuals with a long history of chronic sun exposure.
Beau's lines are horizontal (transverse) depressions in the nail plate that run parallel to
the shape of the white, moon-shaped portion of the nail bed (lunula) seen at the nail's
Beau's Lines
origin. They result from a sudden interruption of nail keratin synthesis and grow distally
with the nail plate.
Bedbugs are small wingless parasites that come out at night to feed. They live in dry,
dark crevices such as the seams of mattresses, furniture, floorboards, wallpaper, and
Bedbug Bite
suitcases. Their only food source is blood, and they can live for up to a year without a
meal.
Bedsores (decubitus ulcers), also known as pressure sores or ulcers, result from
Bedsore (Decubitus Ulcer) prolonged pressure that cuts off the blood supply to the skin, causing the skin and other
tissue to die.
Avian influenza, or bird flu, is the name for a certain strain of the influenza virus that is
Bird Flu (Avian Influenza
usually found only in birds but may occasionally be transmitted to humans, sometimes
H5N1, Avian Flu)
causing a serious illness.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a mole that is present at birth or shortly
Birthmark (Congenital
thereafter. It is one common type of birthmark, caused by a cluster of color (pigment)
Melanocytic Nevus)
cells in the skin and sometimes in deeper tissues.
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild and
Bite or Sting, Arthropod result due to an allergic reaction to either the insect or the toxins injected with the bite
or sting.
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild, and
Bite or Sting, Arthropod
symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction to either the insect or the irritating
(Pediatric)
substances (toxins) the insect makes and injects along with the bite or sting.
Blepharitis is inflammation of the eyelids. When it involves the outside front of the
Blepharitis eyelid, where the eyelashes are attached, it is called anterior blepharitis. If blepharitis
involves the inner eyelid, it is called posterior blepharitis.
First aid and self-care information for blisters. A blister (bulla) is caused when the outer
layer of the skin separates from a layer of skin below, creating a collection of fluid
Blisters, First Aid
between the layers. Blisters can be caused by chemical means, such as an allergic
reaction, or by physical injury, such as from heat, frostbite, or friction.
Blue-gray spots, commonly referred to as Mongolian spots, are large flat lesions that are
Blue-Gray Spot (Mongolian
usually found on the lower back or buttocks of infants at birth. They can occasionally be
Spot)
found on the legs or shoulders of infants, but this is less common.
Boils (furuncles) are painful pus-filled bumps on the skin resulting from the deep
Boils (Furunculosis) infection of a hair follicle. The infection is usually caused by a type of bacteria called
Staphylococcus aureus (staph).
First aid and self-care information for bruises. Bruises (contusions) are dark, discolored
Bruises, First Aid areas on the skin that form when blood seeps into surrounding tissue beneath the skin,
often due to a bump or hit to the body.
Bubonic plague is an illness caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. This bacterium is
carried by a certain type of flea, commonly known as a rat flea, which infects humans
Bubonic Plague and animals. Humans can get bubonic plague from the bite of an infected flea, from the
bite of an animal infected with Y. pestis, or from handling the carcass of an infected
animal.
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild and
Bug Bite or Sting result due to an allergic reaction to either the insect or the toxins injected with the bite
or sting.
Bites or stings from insects (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild, and
Bug Bite or Sting (Pediatric) symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction to either the insect or the irritating
substances (toxins) the insect makes and injects along with the bite or sting.
First aid and self-care information for bug bites or stings. Bites or stings from insects
Bug Bites or Stings, First Aid (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild and result due to an allergic
reaction to either the insect or the toxins injected with the bite or sting.
First aid and self-care information for bug bites or stings. Bites or stings from insects
Bug Bites or Stings, First Aid (arthropods) are very common. Most reactions are mild and result due to an allergic
reaction to either the insect or the toxins injected with the bite or sting.
Burns, First Aid First aid and self-care information for burns. A burn is an injury to the skin resulting
from direct contact or exposure from extreme heat or cold, friction, electricity, or
chemicals. First-degree burns are superficial with red skin, pain, and no blistering.
Second-degree burns involve destruction of the second layer of skin, causing blistering,
swelling, and pain. Third-degree burns involve destruction of all layers of the skin,
 including fat, muscle, blood supply, and sometimes bone.
Café au lait macules (CALM) are well-defined flat areas that are darker in color than the
Café au Lait Macule rest of the skin (hyperpigmented). The term refers to their characteristic even
(homogeneous) color of "coffee with milk," which may be light to dark brown.
A callus (tyloma) is a thickening of the skin that occurs in response to excessive,
Callus
repeated shear or friction forces, commonly due to constant rubbing of the skin.
Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is an infection with the common
yeast (or fungus) organism, Candida albicans, which is commonly found in the
Candidiasis
environment. Sometimes this yeast lives in the mouth, digestive (gastrointestinal) tract,
and the vagina, along with many kinds of harmless bacteria, without causing any issues.
Candida albicans is a type of fungus normally found in the digestive (gastrointestinal)
tract. If your baby is wearing a moist or blocked up (occluded) diaper, particularly one
Candidiasis, Diaper Dermatitis
that is dirty (has fecal contamination), an inflammatory skin rash (dermatitis) may
develop on the baby's skin.
Thrush (oral candidiasis), also known as oral moniliasis, is a yeast infection of the
Candidiasis, Oral (Thrush) mouth or throat (the oral cavity). The yeast that most commonly causes oral candidiasis
is Candida albicans.
Canker sores (aphthous ulcers), or aphthae, are the most common cause of periodic
(recurring) ulcers inside the mouth and genital linings (mucous membrane
Canker Sore (Aphthous Ulcer)
surfaces). Their cause is unknown, but stress, lack of sleep, trauma, and perhaps some
vitamin deficiencies, toothpastes, and foods can make the condition worse.
Capillaritis is characterized by leakage of red blood cells from small, superficial blood
Capillaritis vessels that results in pinpoint-like hemorrhages (petechiae). Capillaritis is frequently
found in patients with long periods of extended standing related to their occupations.
A cataract is any clouding of the human lens. This clouding can cause a reduction in
vision. The lens is composed of protein and water structured to allow light to clearly
Cataracts
pass through. Changes to the structure of the protein result in a cataract. The changes
in vision associated with a cataract depend upon which part of the lens is affected.
Cellulitis is an infection of the deeper skin tissue, which is most often caused by the
bacteria Streptococcus or Staphylococcus. These bacteria are able to invade the skin
Cellulitis through small cracks (fissures) in the skin, causing the sudden appearance of skin
redness, swelling, and the sensation of heat. Cellulitis is often accompanied by fever
and chills.
Chapped lips (cheilitis) are lips that appear dry, scaly, and may have one or more small
Chapped Lips (Cheilitis) cracks (fissures). Often, the lips are sensitive, and there may or may not be redness
(erythema) and swelling (edema) present.
Chapped lips (cheilitis) are lips that appear dry, scaly, and may have one or more small
Cheilitis cracks (fissures). Often, the lips are sensitive, and there may or may not be redness
(erythema) and swelling (edema) present.
Actinic cheilitis, sometimes known as "farmer's lip" or "sailor's lip," is a precancerous
condition related to cumulative lifetime sun exposure. The lower lip is most often
Cheilitis, Actinic
affected. Individuals with actinic cheilitis often present with complaints of persistent
dryness and cracking of the lips.
Angular cheilitis (perlèche) is a chronic inflammatory condition of the corners of the
Cheilitis, Angular (Perlèche) mouth. Usually associated with a fungal (Candidal) or bacterial
(Staphylococcal) infection, those affected may also have thrush (oral candidiasis).
A cherry hemangioma is a small non-cancerous, red-purple bump on the skin that is
Cherry Hemangioma
typically seen in older adults. It is formed from a proliferation of dilated small veins.
Chickenpox (varicella) is an infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus that
goes away on its own. Infection spreads among humans through fluids from the
Chickenpox (Varicella)
airways, such as from coughing and sneezing, with non-infected household members at
high risk of becoming infected as well.
Chlamydia is a common sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium
Chlamydia trachomatis, which affects the genital tract if acquired through vaginal sex,
Chlamydial Infections or the mouth or anus if acquired from oral or anal sex. Chlamydia is spread through
unprotected sex with an infected person; it can also be spread from an infected mother
to her baby at birth.
Cholera is the name given to a diarrheal illness caused by the bacterium Vibrio
cholerae. V. cholerae is found in water or food contaminated by feces. Cholera causes
Cholera
profuse watery diarrhea and can lead to death by sudden dehydration because of the
tremendous output of liquid stool.
Chondrodermatitis nodularis helicis is a common inflammatory condition of the ear's
Chondrodermatitis Nodularis
cartilage and overlying skin. The condition presents with very tender, small bumps
Helicis
(papules) or rounded lumps (nodules).
Chronic migraine is defined as daily or nearly daily headaches 15 or more days per
month for more than 3 months. It is also called transformed migraine or chronic daily
Chronic Migraine
headache by some. Additionally, the affected person has suffered at least 5 prior
migraine attacks...
Chronic Tension Headache Chronic tension headache is a syndrome of headaches that are mild to moderate in
intensity, involve "tightness" or "pressure" on both sides of the head, and are not
 aggravated by routine physical activity. Nausea, vomiting, and light/sound sensitivity
are usually not present and, if so, are mild and infrequent.
Cluster headache is considered a primary headache syndrome, one of a group of
headaches with distinctly different features compared to other common headache
Cluster Headache
syndromes (eg, tension headache and migraine). The hallmarks of cluster headaches
are their regularity and severity.
Herpes simplex infection of the mouth and face, known as orofacial herpes simplex,
Cold Sores (Orofacial Herpes) herpes labialis, cold sores, or fever blisters, is a common, recurrent skin condition
associated with infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Common warts are
usually found on areas of the body prone to trauma, such as the elbows, knees, and
Common Wart
hands. The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. They are usually painless and
go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve, but can take up to
two years.
Migraine is a collection of symptoms that usually includes headache as the prominent
Common and Classical complaint. Sometimes called "sick headache," "weekend headache," and other names, it
Migraine is very common and most people know someone who has suffered from migraines or
has migraines themselves.
Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) are caused by more than 30 types (strains) of
Condyloma Acuminatum
human papillomavirus (HPV). The infection involves the genital area of men or women
(Genital Wart)
and is spread by skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity.
Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is an inflammation of the tissue on the surface of the eye
Conjunctivitis
and/or the inside lining of the eyelids.
Contact lens solution toxicity refers to those conditions in the eye that are the result of
Contact Lens Solution Toxicity
an unwanted reaction to the use of such solutions.
Corns are thickenings of the skin composed of keratin that are typically found on the
Corn toes caused by repeated friction or pressure to the area. The base of the corn is seen on
the surface of the skin while the top points inward, causing discomfort.
A corneal abrasion is a scratch or cut (abrasion) of the clear outer layer (cornea) of the
Corneal Abrasion
eye. Injury (trauma) is the most common cause for corneal abrasions.
First aid and self-care information for eye scratches. A corneal abrasion is a scratch or
Corneal Abrasion, First Aid cut (abrasion) of the clear outer layer (cornea) of the eye. Injury (trauma) is the most
common cause for corneal abrasions.
A recurrent corneal erosion is the recurrent breakdown of the outermost layer
(epithelium) of the cornea. In recurrent corneal erosions, the outermost layer of the
Corneal Erosion, Recurrent
cornea fails to glue in tightly to its underlying membrane (basement membrane),
making it possible for the epithelium to break off too easily with little effort.
A corneal foreign body occurs when the cornea has a piece of foreign matter lodged in
Corneal Foreign Body it. The most common types of foreign bodies include particles of dust, debris (eg, metal,
wood), paint chips, and plant materials.
Cradle cap is the common name for seborrheic dermatitis affecting the scalp of
Cradle Cap newborns. It is a very common skin disorder affecting the oil-rich parts of the skin,
including the face, ears and scalp, and is often seen in babies up to 3 months of age.
A cutaneous horn, also known as cornu cutaneum, refers to a specific appearance of a
skin lesion in which a cone-shaped protuberance arises on the skin caused by
Cutaneous Horn
overgrowth of the most superficial layer of skin (epidermis). A cutaneous horn is not a
particular lesion but is a reaction pattern of the skin.
Cutis rhomboidalis nuchae refers to the manifestation of long-term, prolonged sun
exposure and resultant damage to the skin occurring on the back of the neck. Long-
Cutis Rhomboidalis Nuchae term, chronic sun exposure causes thickening of the most superficial layer of the skin
(the epidermis) and abnormalities in the composition of the middle layer of the skin (the
dermis).
Epidermoid cysts, sometimes known as sebaceous cysts, contain a soft
Cyst, Epidermoid (Sebaceous "cheesy" material composed of keratin, a protein component of skin, hair, and
Cyst) nails. Epidermoid cysts form when the top layer of skin (epidermis) grows into the
middle layer of the skin (dermis).
A myxoid cyst (also known as a digital mucous cyst or pseudocyst) is a growth usually
Cyst, Myxoid
occurring on the finger. The cysts are believed to form from deteriorated issues.
Dandruff, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious condition of skin areas
rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and upper trunk), marked by flaking (overproduction
Dandruff
of skin cells) and sometimes redness and itching (inflammation) of the scalp, varying in
severity from mild flaking of the scalp to scaly, red patches.
Dengue fever is a viral illness passed to humans through the bite of an infected
mosquito. The disease is rare in the United States, with perhaps 200 cases occurring
Dengue Fever every year, but it is common worldwide, with up to 100,000 cases a year. The
mosquitoes that carry the dengue fever virus (a member of the flavivirus family) live in
tropical areas, and they tend to bite humans during the day.
Dermatitis, Atopic (Eczema) Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a disorder is associated with dry skin, which begins with
intense itching that is aggravated by scratching. The exact cause of eczema is unknown,
 and there is no known cure.
Allergic contact dermatitis is a delayed hypersensitivity reaction (the reaction to the
allergen occurs 48–72 hours after exposure). The most common allergens causing
Dermatitis, Contact
allergic contact dermatitis appear to be nickel, chromates, rubber chemicals, and
neomycin (an antibacterial).
Allergic contact dermatitis is an allergy to a substance (the allergen) touching the
Dermatitis, Contact (Pediatric) skin. The reaction occurs 48–72 hours after exposure. Common allergens are nickel,
chromates, rubber chemicals, and neomycin (an antibacterial medication).
Diaper rash (irritant diaper dermatitis) occurs when an infant's sensitive skin is exposed
to urine and stool, coupled with the diaper rubbing and chafing the skin, a tight-fitting
Dermatitis, Diaper Irritant
diaper, or possible a diaper being left on too long. A diarrheal illness can bring on or
worsen the condition.
Dyshidrotic eczema (dyshidrotic dermatitis) is generally defined as a rash limited to the
Dermatitis, Dyshidrotic hands (usually the palms and sides of the fingers) and sometimes the feet. Dyshidrotic
eczema manifests as small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters.
Irritant contact dermatitis is an inflammatory rash caused by direct chemical injury to
the skin. Unlike allergic contact dermatitis, which appears 48–72 hours after exposure
Dermatitis, Irritant Contact
to an allergen, the symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis can result within a few hours
if the exposure is a strong irritant.
Nipple dermatitis describes either itchiness or soreness of either one or both nipples.
Dermatitis, Nipple There are several possible causes of this problem, including eczema (atopic dermatitis),
thrush (a yeast infection), an allergic reaction (contact dermatitis), or a local irritation.
Nummular dermatitis is a particular form of eczema (atopic dermatitis) characterized by
coin-shaped, raised areas on the skin that are scaly. The cause of nummular dermatitis
Dermatitis, Nummular
is not known, but it is associated with triggers such as frequent bathing, irritating and
drying soaps, and exposure to irritating fabrics such as wool.
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like condition of unknown cause. Some possible causes
are the use of topical corticosteroid creams, cosmetic products, oral
Dermatitis, Perioral
contraceptives, fluoride and anti-tartar ingredients in dental products, and it tends to
occur in those prone to eczema.
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like problem commonly seen around the mouth in
Dermatitis, Perioral of
children. Children are otherwise well, but they develop small pink bumps around the
Childhood
mouth and sometimes around the nose and eyes.
Dermatitis, Poison Ivy - Oak - Poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac dermatides are a reaction to the rhus antigen,
Sumac which is found in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac plants.
Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious condition
of skin areas rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis
Dermatitis, Seborrheic is marked by flaking (overproduction of skin cells) and sometimes redness and itching
(inflammation) of the skin, and it varies in severity from mild dandruff of the scalp to
scaly, red patches on the skin.
Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is a common non-contagious condition of skin areas rich
in oil glands (eg, the face, scalp, and upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by
Dermatitis, Seborrheic
overproduction of skin cells (leading to flaking) and sometimes inflammation (leading to
(Pediatric)
redness and itching). It varies in severity from mild dandruff of the scalp to scaly, red
patches on the skin.
Dermatitis is a term used to describe irritation of the skin with scaling, rough or dry
Dermatitis, Stasis skin, redness, itching, and sometimes oozing, crusts, and erosions. Stasis is a term
used to describe leg swelling seen in conditions of poor circulation and fluid buildup.
Dermatofibromas, or histiocytomas, are common non-cancerous (benign) skin growths.
Dermatofibroma
They are firm to hard, and they are skin-colored or slightly pigmented.
Dermatosis papulosa nigra is a harmless condition commonly affecting the faces of black
Dermatosis Papulosa Nigra and sometimes Asian adults. The cause of dermatosis papulosa nigra is unknown,
although about half of people affected have a family history of the disease.
Diabetic dermopathy, also known as shin spots or pigmented pretibial patches, is a skin
condition usually found on the lower legs of people with diabetes. It is thought to result
Diabetic Dermopathy
from changes in the small blood vessels that supply the skin and from minor leakage of
blood products from these vessels into the skin.
Neurogenic ulcers, also known as diabetic ulcers, are ulcers that occur most commonly
Diabetic Ulcer (Neurogenic
on the bottom of the foot. People with diabetes are predisposed to peripheral
Ulcer)
neuropathy, which involves a decreased or total lack of sensation in the feet.
Candida albicans is a type of fungus normally found in the digestive (gastrointestinal)
Diaper Dermatitis tract. If your baby is wearing a moist or blocked up (occluded) diaper, particularly one
(Candidiasis) that is dirty (has fecal contamination), an inflammatory skin rash (dermatitis) may
develop on the baby's skin.
Diaper rash (irritant diaper dermatitis) occurs when an infant's sensitive skin is exposed
Diaper Rash (Irritant Diaper to urine and stool, coupled with the diaper rubbing and chafing the skin, a tight-fitting
Dermatitis) diaper, or possible a diaper being left on too long. A diarrheal illness can bring on or
worsen the condition.
Discoid Lupus Erythematosus Lupus is a disease in which your body's self-protection mechanism (immune system)
attacks your own body rather than a foreign invader. The cause of lupus is unknown,
 and the disease usually takes one of two forms: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),
which can affect any body organ; and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which is
milder and usually affects only the skin.
A drug rash (drug eruption), also known as a drug reaction, is a skin condition caused
Drug Eruption, Unclassified by a medication. A drug rash can appear in many forms, and any medication can cause
a drug rash.
A drug eruption, also known as drug reaction or drug rash, is a skin condition caused by
Drug Eruption, Unclassified
taking a drug (medication). A drug eruption can appear in many ways, and any
(Pediatric)
medication can cause a drug eruption.
Dry skin (xerosis) is a condition of rough, dry skin with fine scaling of skin and,
Dry Skin (Xerosis) occasionally, with small cracks in the skin. Dry skin is also known as winter itch or
asteatosis.
Dyshidrotic eczema (dyshidrotic dermatitis) is generally defined as a rash limited to the
Dyshidrotic Eczema
hands (usually the palms and sides of the fingers) and sometimes the feet. Dyshidrotic
(Dyshidrotic Dermatitis)
eczema manifests as small, itchy, fluid-filled blisters.
Escherichia coli, more commonly known as E. coli, is a group of bacteria that populate
the human (and animal) gut. E. coli is usually thought of as a "good" bacterium; it lives
E. Coli
in the intestines as part of the normal "gut flora." However, some strains of E. coli can
cause very serious illness.
Eczema (atopic dermatitis) is a disorder is associated with dry skin, which begins with
Eczema (Atopic Dermatitis) intense itching that is aggravated by scratching. The exact cause of eczema is unknown,
and there is no known cure.
Epidermoid cysts, sometimes known as sebaceous cysts, contain a soft
"cheesy" material composed of keratin, a protein component of skin, hair, and
Epidermoid Cyst
nails. Epidermoid cysts form when the top layer of skin (epidermis) grows into the
middle layer of the skin (dermis).
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum), also called slapped-cheek disease, is a common
Erythema Infectiosum (Fifth illness in young children due to infection with parvovirus B19. Fifth disease is spread by
Disease) contact with others who are infected, by exposure to fluid from the nose (respiratory
secretions).
Erythema nodosum is a skin condition characterized by the sudden eruption of tender,
Erythema Nodosum red bumps, particularly on the shins. It represents inflammation of the deeper portions
of the skin (the adipose tissue, or fatty layer of skin).
Erythema toxicum (also known as toxic erythema of the newborn) is a harmless red
Erythema Toxicum rash that appears on the skin of newborns goes away on its own and has no
Neonatorum symptoms. It has often been likened to the appearance of a fleabite on the skin. It is an
extremely common rash that does not require any treatment.
Erythrasma is a common chronic skin condition affecting the skin folds. The slowly
Erythrasma enlarging patches of pink to brown dry skin are caused by an infection by the bacterium
Corynebacterium minutissimum.
First aid and self-care information for eye scratches. A corneal abrasion is a scratch or
Eye Scratch (Corneal
cut (abrasion) of the clear outer layer (cornea) of the eye. Injury (trauma) is the most
Abrasion), First Aid
common cause for corneal abrasions.
First aid and self-care information for fainting. Fainting is a form of unconsciousness
that is quick and brief, often due to low blood sugar or standing in one place for too
Fainting, First Aid long. Fainting can also be caused by a more serious medical matter. Unconsciousness is
an abnormal state in which a person is not alert and not fully responsive to his/her
surroundings.
Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum), also called slapped-cheek disease, is a common
Fifth Disease (Erythema illness in young children due to infection with parvovirus B19. Fifth disease is spread by
Infectiosum) contact with others who are infected, by exposure to fluid from the nose (respiratory
secretions).
Flashes and floaters describes a condition that comes from changes in the back chamber
Flashes and Floaters
of the eye (the posterior chamber, also known as the vitreous cavity).
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes
Flat Wart thickening of the top skin layer. Flat warts tend to stay small in size but can be
numerous in quantity. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes
taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
Folliculitis is a skin condition caused by an inflammation of one or more hair follicles in a
limited area. It typically occurs in areas of irritation, such as sites of shaving, skin
Folliculitis friction, or rubbing from clothes. In most cases of folliculitis, the inflamed follicles are
infected with bacteria, especially with Staphylococcus organisms, that normally live on
the skin.
Hot tub rash (Pseudomonas folliculitis) is an infection of the hair follicle with
Folliculitis, Pseudomonas (Hot
Pseudomonas bacteria. It is most commonly seen in people who bathe in a
Tub Folliculitis)
contaminated spa, swimming pool, or hot tub.
Food Poisoning (Foodborne First aid and self-care information for food poisoning. Most foodborne illness, also known
Illness), First Aid as food poisoning, comes from bacteria in food that has multiplied, either from poor
handling, improper cooking, or poor storage of food. Other things, such as toxins,
 parasites, chemicals, and viruses, can contaminate food, but these causes are much
less common than contamination from bacteria.
First aid and self-care information for food poisoning. Most foodborne illness, also known
as food poisoning, comes from bacteria in food that has multiplied, either from poor
Foodborne Illness, First Aid handling, improper cooking, or poor storage of food. Other things, such as toxins,
parasites, chemicals, and viruses, can contaminate food, but these causes are much
less common than contamination from bacteria.
Fordyce spots are normal large, superficial sebaceous (oil-producing) glands seen on the
moist tissue that lines some organs and body cavities (mucosal surfaces). The "spots"
Fordyce Spots
are asymptomatic and can be found on the head of the penis, the inner foreskin, and,
most commonly, at the border of the lips.
First aid and self-care information for an object in the eye or skin. A foreign object can
Foreign Object in Eye or Skin,
become embedded in the skin or eye, and any movement of the object, including
First Aid
removing it, can cause increased bleeding, damage, or pain.
First aid and self-care information for frostbite. Frostbite is freezing of the skin that
Frostbite, First Aid occurs due to exposure to cold temperatures. Frostbite often starts out with mild
symptoms and can progress and become quite severe and even limb-threatening.
Boils (furuncles) are painful pus-filled bumps on the skin resulting from the deep
Furunculosis infection of a hair follicle. The infection is usually caused by a type of bacteria called
Staphylococcus aureus (staph).
Genital herpes, the herpes simplex infection of the genital area, is a common, recurrent
skin condition associated with infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection
Genital Herpes
usually appears as small blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, and
buttocks, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Genital warts (condyloma acuminata) are caused by more than 30 types (strains) of
Genital Wart (Condyloma
human papillomavirus (HPV). The infection involves the genital area of men or women
Acuminata)
and is spread by skin-to-skin contact during sexual activity.
German measles (rubella) is caused by the rubella virus and spreads among humans
through contact with fluids in the respiratory tract. The development (incubation) period
German Measles (Rubella)
of German measles is 14–21 days before starting to feel ill, and a rash accompanied
by fever appears 1–7 days later.
Gonorrhea is a sexually transmitted disease caused by the bacterium Neisseria
gonorrhea. It is a contagious sexually transmitted disease spread by unprotected oral,
Gonorrhea, Primary Infection vaginal, or anal sex with an infected partner. The bacterium can live in the mouth,
semen or vaginal fluids of infected persons. It is possible to be infected without
symptoms and continue to spread the disease.
Gout, also called gouty arthritis, is a disease of how the body processes nutrients
(metabolism) in which crystals of uric acid are deposited in the joints, tendons, and
Gout
skin. Most commonly affecting men, gout emerges as the sudden development of
swollen, red, hot, tender joints, especially at the big (great) toe, ankle, wrist, and knee.
Granuloma annulare is a common skin condition characterized by bumps appearing over
Granuloma Annulare the joints and the backs of the hands. Its cause is not known, and most episodes of
granuloma annulare clear up after a few years, with or without treatment.
Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign growth that often appears as a rapidly
Granuloma, Pyogenic growing, bleeding bump on the skin or inside the mouth. It is composed of blood vessels
and may occur at the site of minor injury.
Alopecia areata is an autoimmune condition resulting in hair loss. The immune system
Hair Loss (Alopecia Areata)
of the body mistakenly stops hair growth for unknown reasons.
Hair Loss, Female Pattern Female pattern baldness (alopecia) is a form of hair loss affecting women due to an
Baldness (Female Pattern inherited susceptibility. It is most commonly noticed after menopause, although it may
Alopecia) begin earlier.
Hair Loss, Male Pattern Male pattern baldness (alopecia), or androgenetic alopecia, is the patterned balding of a
Baldness (Male Pattern man. Although the condition may affect both the appearance and self-esteem of some
Alopecia) men, one should note that the condition is not a medical disorder.
Hairy tongue, also known as black tongue, is a benign condition of elongation and
staining of the fingerlike projections (papillae) on the tongue surface. This condition
Hairy Tongue
may be caused by overgrowth of a bacteria or yeast that produces a colored substance
(pigment).
Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is a suddenly appearing (acute), self-limited viral disease
Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease caused by viruses of the enterovirus group, particularly Coxsackievirus A16. The
development (incubation) period from infection to symptoms is short, from 3–6 days.
Head lice (pediculosis capitis) are highly contagious, and the most prominent symptom
of a head lice infestation includes intense scalp itching. The human head louse is a
Head Lice (Pediculosis Capitis)
tiny insect that feeds on human blood. The female louse lays eggs (nits) on the hair
shaft close to the scalp, and they become glued to the hair shaft.
First aid and self-care information for head trauma. Injuries to the head can involve any
or all parts of the head: the scalp, skull, brain, spinal fluid, and blood vessels. Head
Head Trauma, First Aid trauma can be internal or external, or both. External injuries can cause a fractured
skull. An internal injury, such as the brain hitting the inside of the skull, can cause
bleeding within the skull.
 Tension headache involves intermittent episodes of head discomfort that are mild to
moderate in intensity, include non-throbbing "tightness" or "pressure," generally on
Headache (Tension Headache)
both sides of the head, and are not aggravated by routine physical activity. Nausea,
vomiting, and light/sound sensitivity are rarely present.
First aid and self-care information for heat cramps. Heat cramps are a form of heat
illness. Heat illness occurs when a person's core body temperature rises above a safe
level of the body's internal temperature range. Heat cramps are the earliest sign of heat
Heat Cramps, First Aid
illness. Loss of salt in the body due to excessive perspiring causes the painful,
involuntary muscle spasms. If the person does not take precautions to cool off and
rehydrate at this point, more severe stages of heat illness will occur.
First aid and self-care information for heat exhaustion. Heat exhaustion is the moderate
form of heat illness. Heat illness occurs when a person's core body temperature rises
above a safe level of the body's internal temperature range. Heat cramps are the
Heat Exhaustion, First Aid
earliest sign of heat illness. If precautions to cool off and rehydrate at this point are not
made, the more severe stage of heat illness, heat exhaustion, can occur. The
progression from the early stage of heat illness to heat exhaustion can be very quick.
Heat rash (miliaria rubra), also known as prickly heat, is a rash of small red bumps
Heat Rash or Prickly caused by blockage of the sweat glands. It can be due to high fever, excessive
Heat (Miliaria Rubra) sweating, or being over-bundled. It is commonly seen in hot, humid tropical climates. It
can cause discomfort, itching, and, sometimes, stinging or "prickly"-type pain.
First aid and self-care information for heatstroke. Heatstroke, also known as sunstroke,
is a form of heat illness. Heat illness occurs when a person's core body temperature
rises above a safe level of the body's internal temperature range. Heat cramps are the
Heatstroke, First Aid earliest sign of heat illness. If precautions to cool off and rehydrate at this point are not
made, the more severe stage of heat illness, heat exhaustion, can occur. The most
severe form of heat illness is heatstroke, which may result in shock, brain damage, or
death.
Hemangiomas are harmless tumors that are the result of rapidly dividing cells of the
blood vessel walls, known as endothelial cells. They are present at birth or shortly after
Hemangioma, Infantile
and grow rapidly during the first year of life. They usually resolve on their own over the
next few years.
The first eruption of skin or mouth sores with the herpes simplex virus is called primary
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) herpes. This may be more severe than the more commonly recognized secondary, or
recurrent, herpes infections, which are also called cold sores or fever blisters.
Genital herpes, the herpes simplex infection of the genital area, is a common, recurrent
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV), skin condition associated with infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection
Genital usually appears as small blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, and
buttocks, though infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Herpes simplex infection of the mouth and face, known as orofacial herpes simplex,
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV),
herpes labialis, cold sores, or fever blisters, is a common, recurrent skin condition
Orofacial
associated with infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Herpes simplex infection of the lower back and buttocks—also called sacral herpes
simplex or genital herpes—is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with
Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV),
infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears as small
Sacral
blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, buttocks, and lower back, though
infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Herpetic whitlow—also called digital herpes simplex, finger herpes, or hand herpes—is a
Herpetic Whitlow painful viral infection occurring on the fingers or around the fingernails. Herpetic whitlow
is caused by infection with the herpes simplex virus (HSV).
Hidradenitis suppurativa is a chronic condition of the sweat glands. The sweat glands
become clogged due to a variety of reasons, leading to enlargement (dilatation) of the
Hidradenitis Suppurativa
ducts behind them. This dilatation predisposes the area to inflammation
and infection by a variety of bacteria.
Hives (urticaria), also known as welts, is a common skin condition with an itchy rash of
pink to red bumps that appear and disappear anywhere on the body. An individual
Hives (Urticaria)
lesion of hives typically lasts a few hours before fading away, and new hives can appear
as older areas disappear.
A stye (hordeolum) is a local, acutely inflamed growth (swelling, lesion) of the eyelid.
Hordeolum (Stye) and They can occur at the lid margin or farther up the lid on either the inner (tarsal) side or
Chalazion the outer (skin) side of the lid. A chalazion is the chronic form of a stye, and its cellular
makeup is different than that of a stye.
Hot tub rash (Pseudomonas folliculitis) is an infection of the hair follicle with
Hot Tub Rash (Pseudomonas
Pseudomonas bacteria. It is most commonly seen in people who bathe in a
Folliculitis)
contaminated spa, swimming pool, or hot tub.
Primary HIV infection (PHI) syndrome is an acute, flu-like illness that develops
Human Immunodeficiency
anywhere from 1–6 weeks following exposure to HIV (the human immunodeficiency
Virus (HIV) Primary Infection
virus).
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is darkening of the skin in an area of prior injury
Hyperpigmentation, Post- or skin disorder from increased pigment (melanin) left from the healing
Inflammatory process. Sometimes the darkening may also be due to an iron pigment left behind when
old red blood cells die.
 Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation is a loss of skin color (pigmentation) after your
Hypopigmentation, Post-
skin heals from an injury. The pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) are damaged or
Inflammatory
destroyed in the healing process.
First aid and self-care information for hypothermia. Hypothermia is when a person's
internal body temperature drops below normal due to cold exposure. While hypothermia
Hypothermia, First Aid
typically occurs outdoors, it can also occur indoors because there are many things that
can make a person lose body heat.
Ichthyosis vulgaris, also known as common ichthyosis or fish scale disease, is a skin
Ichthyosis Vulgaris condition resulting in scaly skin, especially on the arms and legs. Its name is derived
from the Greek word meaning "fish."
Impetigo is a common and contagious bacterial skin infection that is usually a minor
problem, but sometimes complications may occur that require treatment. Complications
Impetigo related to impetigo can include deeper skin infection (cellulitis), meningitis, or a kidney
inflammation (post streptococcal glomerulonephritis, which is not prevented by
treatment).
Intertrigo is irritation of touching skin surfaces in body fold regions (armpits, under the
Intertrigo breasts, belly, buttocks, groin, and sometimes between fingers or toes). Intertrigo can
be worsened by any conditions causing increased heat, wetness, and friction.
Irritant contact dermatitis is an inflammatory rash caused by direct chemical injury to
the skin. Unlike allergic contact dermatitis, which appears 48–72 hours after exposure
Irritant Contact Dermatitis
to an allergen, the symptoms of irritant contact dermatitis can result within a few hours
if the exposure is a strong irritant.
First aid and self-care information for jellyfish stings. Jellyfish are aquatic invertebrates
that can sting people who come into direct contact with them. The stingers, which are
Jellyfish Stings, First Aid
typically located on the ends of the jellyfish tentacles, contain poisons that are often
toxic to humans.
Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of the skin on either side
Jock Itch (Tinea Cruris) of the body where the thigh joins the abdomen, known as the groin. It is often spread
to the groin from tinea infection on the feet (tinea pedis or athlete's feet).
Sweaty sock syndrome (juvenile plantar dermatosis) is a condition where the skin
becomes scaly and red on the soles of the feet of children and young teenagers. The
Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis
cause of sweaty sock syndrome is unknown, though alternating moist and dry
conditions may lead to the condition.
Keloids are dense, thick nodules, typically found at areas of previously injured skin
Keloid (burns, lacerations), or they may arise spontaneously on normal skin. They may be
single or multiple.
Keratoacanthoma (KA) is a rapidly growing skin cancer usually appearing as a volcano-
like bump on the sun-exposed skin of middle-aged and elderly individuals. Many
Keratoacanthoma
scientists consider keratoacanthoma to be a less serious form of squamous cell
carcinoma.
Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of the feet and, less commonly,
Keratolysis, Pitted the palms of the hands. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the skin and may give off
an unpleasant odor.
Keratosis pilaris is a very common benign skin condition appearing as small, whitish
bumps on the upper arms and thighs, especially of children and young adults. Individual
Keratosis Pilaris
lesions of keratosis pilaris arise when a hair follicle becomes plugged with keratin, a
protein found in skin, hair, and nails.
Seborrheic keratoses are common benign growths of unknown cause seen in adults due
Keratosis, Seborrheic
to a thickening of an area of the top skin layer.
A kerion is a scalp condition that occurs in severe cases of tinea capitis, or scalp
Kerion ringworm. A kerion appears as an inflamed, thickened, pus-filled area, and it is
sometimes accompanied by a fever.
Legionellosis is the name for infection caused by the Legionella pneumophila
Legionellosis (Legionnaires'
bacterium. Infection can take 2 forms: the more serious legionnaires' disease, which is
Disease)
a pneumonia, and the less serious Pontiac fever.
Lentigo simplex is a type of color-containing (pigmented) lesion not caused by sun
exposure, which looks like the freckle-like condition (lentigo) caused by sun exposure
Lentigo Simplex
(solar lentigo). In both conditions, an increased number of pigment-producing cells
(melanocytes) are present.
A solar lentigo (plural, solar lentigines), also known as a sun-induced freckle or senile
lentigo, is a dark (hyperpigmented) lesion caused by natural or artificial ultraviolet (UV)
Lentigo, Solar
light. Solar lentigines may be single or multiple. This type of lentigo is different from a
simple lentigo (lentigo simplex) because it is caused by exposure to UV light.
Lichen planus (LP) is a disease of the skin and, less often, the scalp, fingernails,
toenails, and/or inside the mouth or genitalia (mucous membranes). Lichen planus can
Lichen Planus
resolve on its own without treatment or be chronic, even with aggressive treatment. The
cause of the inflammation that leads to lichen planus is unknown.
Lichen Simplex Chronicus Lichen simplex chronicus (LSC), also known as neurodermatitis circumscripta, is an itchy
skin condition causing thickened skin at the areas of skin injured by repeated scratching
and rubbing. Lichen simplex chronicus is not a primary disease but rather the skin's
 response to chronic physical injury (trauma).
Linea nigra is a dark vertical line that appears on the belly during pregnancy. It can
extend from the top of the belly to the pubic area, running through the center of the
Linea Nigra
belly button, or the line can be shorter. Increased hormones present during pregnancy
stimulate increased pigment production, causing this area to darken.
Lupus is a disease in which your body's self-protection mechanism (immune system)
attacks your own body rather than a foreign invader. The cause of lupus is unknown,
Lupus Erythematosus, Discoid and the disease usually takes one of two forms: systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE),
which can affect any body organ; and discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE), which is
milder and usually affects only the skin.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also called lupus, is a chronic inflammatory
disease that can affect almost any part of the body, especially the skin, joints, kidneys,
Lupus Erythematosus,
heart, lungs, bones, blood, or brain. Systemic lupus erythematosus is considered an
Systemic
autoimmune disorder, meaning that a person's own immune system attacks his or her
own healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and damage.
Lyme disease is the result of infection with the bacteria Borrelia burgdorferi. The disease
is transmitted by infected ticks that also feed on mice and deer. The tick can be found
Lyme Disease
attached to the skin in many cases. Most cases of Lyme disease occur in the spring and
summer months.
Lymphogranuloma venereum (LGV) is an uncommon sexually transmitted disease
Lymphogranuloma Venereum
caused by certain types of the bacteria called Chlamydia trachomatis. It is spread
(LGV)
through having unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex.
Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory system, which is
Measles (Rubeola) caused by a virus. It does not occur often in the United States, since immunizations
have been required since the 1960s.
Medication overuse headache is a chronic headache syndrome with 3 core criteria: The
use of a medication meant to terminate headache is beyond a critical dose and duration
Medication Overuse Headache (which is specific to the type of medication in question), the majority of days are
notable for persistent headache, there is no other medical explanation for the
headaches.
Melanoma is a life-threatening form of skin cancer. This cancer starts in the color-
Melanoma producing (pigment-producing) cells of the skin. Melanoma may develop from a
previously existing mole (nevus) or may occur as a new lesion.
Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found on the lips or inside
Melanotic Macule, Oral the mouth. An oral melanotic macule found on the lip is sometimes called a labial
melanotic macule.
Melasma is a non-cancerous (benign) disorder of unknown cause that causes dark
(hyperpigmented) patches, primarily on the face. The condition is marked by brown
Melasma
patches that worsen in response to increases of the hormone estrogen, such as during
pregnancy or with the use of birth control pills.
Chronic migraine is defined as daily or nearly daily headaches 15 or more days per
month for more than 3 months. It is also called transformed migraine or chronic daily
Migraine, Chronic
headache by some. Additionally, the affected person has suffered at least 5 prior
migraine attacks...
Migraine is a collection of symptoms that usually includes headache as the prominent
Migraine, Common and complaint. Sometimes called "sick headache," "weekend headache," and other names, it
Classical is very common and most people know someone who has suffered from migraines or
has migraines themselves.
Milia are common non-cancerous (benign) skin findings in people of all ages. Milia
formed directly from sloughed-off skin (primary milia) are small, fluid-filled lesions
Milia (cysts) usually found on the faces of infants and adults, while lesions formed indirectly
(secondary milia) are small cysts found within areas of skin affected by another skin
condition.
Heat rash (miliaria rubra), also known as prickly heat, is a rash of small red bumps
caused by blockage of the sweat glands. It can be due to high fever, excessive
Miliaria Rubra
sweating, or being over-bundled. It is commonly seen in hot, humid tropical climates. It
can cause discomfort, itching, and, sometimes, stinging or "prickly"-type pain.
A mole (nevus) is a non-cancerous (benign) skin lesion that is made up of the color-
Mole (Nevus) producing (pigment-producing) cells of the skin (melanocytes). A mole that is present at
birth is referred to as a congenital nevus.
Atypical moles (atypical nevi) or dysplastic moles (dysplastic nevi), are caused
Mole, Atypical (Atypical by collections of the color-producing (pigment-producing) cells of the skin
Nevus) (melanocytes) in which the cells grow in an abnormal way. Atypical moles may occur as
new lesions or as a change in an existing mole.
Molluscum is a common painless and usually harmless viral infection of the skin.
Molluscum Contagiosum Although it is painless and usually goes away after several months, some cases can last
a few years.
Molluscum Contagiosum Molluscum contagiosum is a common painless and usually harmless viral infection of the
(Pediatric) skin. Although molluscum contagiosum is painless and usually goes away after several
months, some infections can last a few years. Molluscum contagiosum is a common
 painless and usually harmless viral infection of the skin. Although molluscum
contagiosum is painless and usually goes away after several months, some infections
can last a few years.
Blue-gray spots, commonly referred to as Mongolian spots, are large flat lesions that are
Mongolian Spot (Blue-Gray
usually found on the lower back or buttocks of infants at birth. They can occasionally be
Spot)
found on the legs or shoulders of infants, but this is less common.
An oral mucocele is a harmless, fluid-containing (cyst-like) swelling of the lip or mouth
Mucocele, Oral lining (mucosa) due to mucus from the small salivary glands of the mouth leaking into
the soft tissue, usually from injury (trauma) or blockage of the gland.
A myxoid cyst (also known as a digital mucous cyst or pseudocyst) is a growth usually
Myxoid Cyst
occurring on the finger. The cysts are believed to form from deteriorated issues.
Paronychia, commonly known as bacterial nail infection, is inflammation of the region of
Nail Infection, the finger or toe from which the nail plate originates, which is called the proximal nail
Bacterial (Paronychia) fold (PNF). This inflammation may occur in the short term (acute) or may be a long-
term problem or one that keeps coming back (chronic).
Onychomycosis, commonly known as a fungal nail infection, is infection of the
Nail Infection,
fingernails or toenails by forms of fungi and yeast. Fungal nail infections account for
Fungal (Onychomycosis)
nearly half of all nail disorders.
Nail lifting (onycholysis) is the spontaneous separation (detachment) of the fingernail or
toenail from the nail bed at the end of the nail (distal) and/or on the sides of the nail
Nail Lifting (Onycholysis)
(lateral). The appearance of nail lifting may resemble a half-moon, or the free edge of
the nail may rise up like a hood.
Onychoschizia, commonly known as nail splitting but also known as onychoschisis or
lamellar dystrophy, is a condition that causes horizontal splits within the nail plate. Nail
Nail Splitting (Onychoschizia) splitting is often seen together with onychorrhexis – long-wise (longitudinal) splitting or
ridging of the nail plate – and these 2 diseases together are called "brittle nail
syndrome."
Neurogenic ulcers, also known as diabetic ulcers, are ulcers that occur most commonly
Neurogenic Ulcer (Diabetic
on the bottom of the foot. People with diabetes are predisposed to peripheral
Ulcer)
neuropathy, which involves a decreased or total lack of sensation in the feet.
A mole (nevus) is a non-cancerous (benign) skin lesion that is made up of the color-
Nevus producing (pigment-producing) cells of the skin (melanocytes). A mole that is present at
birth is referred to as a congenital nevus.
Atypical moles (atypical nevi) or dysplastic moles (dysplastic nevi), are caused
by collections of the color-producing (pigment-producing) cells of the skin
Nevus, Atypical
(melanocytes) in which the cells grow in an abnormal way. Atypical moles may occur as
new lesions or as a change in an existing mole.
Congenital melanocytic nevus (CMN) is a mole that is present at birth or shortly
Nevus, Congenital Melanocytic thereafter. It is one common type of birthmark, caused by a cluster of color (pigment)
cells in the skin and sometimes in deeper tissues.
Nipple dermatitis describes either itchiness or soreness of either one or both nipples.
Nipple Dermatitis There are several possible causes of this problem, including eczema (atopic dermatitis),
thrush (a yeast infection), an allergic reaction (contact dermatitis), or a local irritation.
First aid and self-care information for a nosebleed. Nosebleeds either occur
spontaneously or are the result of some sort of trauma, such as a hit to the face. Things
that cause nosebleeds are certain medical conditions (eg, colds, allergies, high blood
Nosebleed, First Aid
pressure, and bleeding abnormalities such as hemophilia or von Willebrand disease),
extreme cold and/or dry air, nose picking, strenuous activity, certain medications (eg,
nasal sprays), and being hit in the nose.
Notalgia paresthetica is a condition where the skin of the upper back becomes itchy, and
there is often a darker patch of skin on the itchy area. Notalgia paresthetica may be
Notalgia Paraesthetica
caused by a problem with the nerve cells that provide feeling to the skin of the upper
back (sensory neuropathy).
Nummular dermatitis is a particular form of eczema (atopic dermatitis) characterized by
coin-shaped, raised areas on the skin that are scaly. The cause of nummular dermatitis
Nummular Dermatitis
is not known, but it is associated with triggers such as frequent bathing, irritating and
drying soaps, and exposure to irritating fabrics such as wool.
First aid and self-care information for an object in the eye or skin. A foreign object can
Object in Eye or Skin, First
become embedded in the skin or eye, and any movement of the object, including
Aid
removing it, can cause increased bleeding, damage, or pain.
Nail lifting (onycholysis) is the spontaneous separation (detachment) of the fingernail or
toenail from the nail bed at the end of the nail (distal) and/or on the sides of the nail
Onycholysis
(lateral). The appearance of nail lifting may resemble a half-moon, or the free edge of
the nail may rise up like a hood.
Onychomycosis, commonly known as a fungal nail infection, is infection of the
Onychomycosis fingernails or toenails by forms of fungi and yeast. Fungal nail infections account for
nearly half of all nail disorders.
Onychoschizia Onychoschizia, commonly known as nail splitting but also known as onychoschisis or
lamellar dystrophy, is a condition that causes horizontal splits within the nail plate. Nail
splitting is often seen together with onychorrhexis – long-wise (longitudinal) splitting or
 ridging of the nail plate – and these 2 diseases together are called "brittle nail
syndrome."
Oral melanotic macule is a non-cancerous (benign), dark spot found on the lips or inside
Oral Melanotic Macule the mouth. An oral melanotic macule found on the lip is sometimes called a labial
melanotic macule.
An oral mucocele is a harmless, fluid-containing (cyst-like) swelling of the lip or mouth
Oral Mucocele lining (mucosa) due to mucus from the small salivary glands of the mouth leaking into
the soft tissue, usually from injury (trauma) or blockage of the gland.
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is the most common
PUPPP (Pruritic Urticarial dermatologic disorder of pregnancy, in which the affected woman has intensely itchy
Papules Plaques of Pregnancy) hive-like, bumpy lesions that start on the belly and then appear on the arms, legs,
buttock, back, and chest.
Paronychia, commonly known as bacterial nail infection, is inflammation of the region of
the finger or toe from which the nail plate originates, which is called the proximal nail
Paronychia
fold (PNF). This inflammation may occur in the short term (acute) or may be a long-
term problem or one that keeps coming back (chronic).
Head lice (pediculosis capitis) are highly contagious, and the most prominent symptom
of a head lice infestation includes intense scalp itching. The human head louse is a
Pediculosis Capitis (Head Lice)
tiny insect that feeds on human blood. The female louse lays eggs (nits) on the hair
shaft close to the scalp, and they become glued to the hair shaft.
Pubic lice (pediculosis pubis), also known as crab lice or crabs, is a louse (a type of
wingless, bloodsucking insect) that can live and multiply (infest) on skin that grows
Pediculosis Pubis (Pubic Lice)
pubic hair. Pubic lice most commonly affect the pubic hair, but other hair-bearing areas,
such as the armpits and eyelashes, eyebrows, or scalp, may also be affected.
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like condition of unknown cause. Some possible causes
are the use of topical corticosteroid creams, cosmetic products, oral
Perioral Dermatitis
contraceptives, fluoride and anti-tartar ingredients in dental products, and it tends to
occur in those prone to eczema.
Perioral dermatitis is an acne-like problem commonly seen around the mouth in
Perioral Dermatitis (Pediatric) children. Children are otherwise well, but they develop small pink bumps around the
mouth and sometimes around the nose and eyes.
Pilar (trichilemmal) cysts, sometimes referred to as wens, are common fluid-filled
growths (cysts) that form from hair follicles that are most often found on the scalp. The
Pilar Cyst
cysts are smooth and mobile, filled with keratin (a protein component found in hair,
nails, and skin), and they may or may not be tender.
Pink eye (conjunctivitis) is an inflammation of the tissue on the surface of the eye
Pink Eye (Conjunctivitis)
and/or the inside lining of the eyelids.
Pitted keratolysis is a skin condition affecting the soles of the feet and, less commonly,
Pitted Keratolysis the palms of the hands. It is caused by a bacterial infection of the skin and may give off
an unpleasant odor.
Pityriasis alba is a common noncancerous (benign) skin condition affecting children. It
Pityriasis Alba
appears as light-colored patches, especially on the cheeks.
Pityriasis rosea (PR) is a common non-cancerous (benign) rash that mostly affects the
Pityriasis Rosea back, chest, and abdomen. It starts fairly quickly, lasts about 6–8 weeks, and is usually
not itchy.
Bubonic plague is an illness caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis. This bacterium is
carried by a certain type of flea, commonly known as a rat flea, which infects humans
Plague, Bubonic and animals. Humans can get bubonic plague from the bite of an infected flea, from the
bite of an animal infected with Y. pestis, or from handling the carcass of an infected
animal.
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes
thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look
Plantar Wart
and feel like a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover most of the
sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes taking
a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
Poikiloderma of Civatte is a chronic, non-cancerous (benign) skin condition in fair-
skinned adults, which is probably caused by long-term sun exposure. Poikiloderma of
Poikiloderma of Civatte
Civatte shows a specific pattern of color change in the skin due to sun damage to the
neck and sometimes the center of the chest.
Poison ivy, poison oak, or poison sumac dermatides are a reaction to the rhus antigen,
Poison Ivy, Oak, and Sumac
which is found in poison ivy, poison oak, and poison sumac plants.
Supernumerary digits refer to the occurrence of extra (more than 10) fingers, toes, or
Polydactyly (Supernumerary parts of these digits. The medical term for this condition is polydactyly. The diagnosis
Digit) can be divided into 3 classifications: pre-axial polydactyly, post-axial polydactyly, and
central polydactyly.
A port-wine stain is a type of birthmark that is caused by a malformation of tiny blood
Port-Wine Stain vessels called capillaries. The name port-wine stain comes from the color of the
birthmark, which ranges from light pink to a dark red color.
Post-Inflammatory Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation is darkening of the skin in an area of prior injury
 or skin disorder from increased pigment (melanin) left from the healing
Hyperpigmentation process. Sometimes the darkening may also be due to an iron pigment left behind when
old red blood cells die.
Post-inflammatory hypopigmentation is a loss of skin color (pigmentation) after your
Post-Inflammatory
skin heals from an injury. The pigment-producing cells (melanocytes) are damaged or
Hypopigmentation
destroyed in the healing process.
Presbyopia is an age-related change in vision whereby one loses the ability to see near
without corrective lenses or corrective surgery. The cause of presbyopia is a change in
Presbyopia
the ability of the human lens to change its shape (a process called accommodation) to
allow one to focus on objects that are at close range.
Primary syphilis is a disease caused by a corkscrew-shaped bacterium (a spirochete)
Primary Syphilis called Treponema pallidum. It causes disease when it penetrates broken skin of the
genitals or the mucous membranes of the mouth or anus.
Pruritic urticarial papules and plaques of pregnancy (PUPPP) is the most common
Pruritic Urticarial Papules dermatologic disorder of pregnancy, in which the affected woman has intensely itchy
Plaques of Pregnancy hive-like, bumpy lesions that start on the belly and then appear on the arms, legs,
buttock, back, and chest.
Razor bumps (pseudofolliculitis barbae), also known as shaving bumps, affects men with
tightly curved (or curly) hairs; the problem is a reaction to the tip of the hair growing
Pseudofolliculitis Barbae back under the skin or into the hair follicle after a close shave. Razor bumps is not an
infection but rather a "foreign body" reaction, much like the body would react to a
splinter of wood in the skin.
Psoriasis is a non-contagious, lifelong skin problem with thickened red, and often scaly,
Psoriasis skin. It is very likely to run in families (hereditary) and seems to be caused by errors in
how the immune system works.
Pubic lice (pediculosis pubis), also known as crab lice or crabs, is a louse (a type of
wingless, bloodsucking insect) that can live and multiply (infest) on skin that grows
Pubic Lice (Pediculosis Pubis)
pubic hair. Pubic lice most commonly affect the pubic hair, but other hair-bearing areas,
such as the armpits and eyelashes, eyebrows, or scalp, may also be affected.
Pyogenic granuloma is a common, benign growth that often appears as a rapidly
Pyogenic Granuloma growing, bleeding bump on the skin or inside the mouth. It is composed of blood vessels
and may occur at the site of minor injury.
Raynaud's disease is a disorder in which the blood vessels to the fingers and toes
(digits) become abnormally closed off (constricted). The fingers and toes of individuals
Raynaud's Disease
with Raynaud's disease change color from white to blue to red, often causing them to
feel numb.
Razor bumps (pseudofolliculitis barbae), also known as shaving bumps, affects men with
tightly curved (or curly) hairs; the problem is a reaction to the tip of the hair growing
Razor Bumps
back under the skin or into the hair follicle after a close shave. Razor bumps is not an
(Pseudofolliculitis Barbae)
infection but rather a "foreign body" reaction, much like the body would react to a
splinter of wood in the skin.
A recurrent corneal erosion is the recurrent breakdown of the outermost layer
(epithelium) of the cornea. In recurrent corneal erosions, the outermost layer of the
Recurrent Corneal Erosion
cornea fails to glue in tightly to its underlying membrane (basement membrane),
making it possible for the epithelium to break off too easily with little effort.
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may form a ring-like
pattern on affected areas of the body. Tinea corporis, also known as ringworm of the
Ringworm (Tinea Corporis)
body, tinea circinata, or simply ringworm, is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of
the skin.
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may form a ring-like
Ringworm, Beard (Tinea pattern on affected areas of the body. Beard ringworm (tinea barbae), also known as
Barbae) tinea sycosis or barber's itch, is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and hair follicles of
the beard and mustache area.
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some infections form a ring-like
Ringworm, Facial (Tinea pattern on affected areas of the body. Facial ringworm (tinea faciale), also known as
Faciale) tinea faciei or ringworm of the face, is a common, non-cancerous (benign) fungal
infection of the surface (superficial) skin of the face.
Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis) is a common mild infection of the scalp and hair that
Ringworm, Scalp (Tinea
appears as scaly spots and patches of broken hair on the head. Caused by a fungus, it is
Capitis)
most commonly seen in children.
Rosacea, sometimes called adult acne, is a chronic inflammation of the face of unknown
Rosacea
cause and without a permanent cure.
Roseola, also known as sixth disease, exanthem subitum, and roseola infantum, is a
mild illness that mainly affects children that will go away on its own. Roseola is caused
Roseola (Sixth Disease)
by viruses of the herpes type. Infected children have a few days of high fever followed
by a rash as the fever goes down.
German measles (rubella) is caused by the rubella virus and spreads among humans
through contact with fluids in the respiratory tract. The development (incubation) period
Rubella (German Measles)
of German measles is 14–21 days before starting to feel ill, and a rash accompanied
by fever appears 1–7 days later.
 Measles (rubeola) is a highly contagious infection of the respiratory system, which is
Rubeola (Measles) caused by a virus. It does not occur often in the United States, since immunizations
have been required since the 1960s.
Herpes simplex infection of the lower back and buttocks—also called sacral herpes
simplex or genital herpes—is a common, recurrent skin condition associated with
Sacral Herpes infection by the herpes simplex virus (HSV). HSV infection usually appears as small
blisters or sores around the mouth, nose, genitals, buttocks, and lower back, though
infections can develop almost anywhere on the skin.
Salmon patch is the name given to a very common group of birthmarks seen in
babies. The birthmarks are caused by expansions (dilations) in tiny blood vessels called
Salmon Patch
capillaries. When a salmon patch occurs on the face, it is often called an angel kiss, and
when it occurs on the back of the neck, it is known as a stork bite.
Salmonella is the name for a family of bacteria that cause diarrheal illness in humans.
Salmonella is most commonly thought of as the bacteria that lives on raw poultry, and
Salmonella while this is true, it is also found on raw beef, milk, eggs, and even fruits and
vegetables. It can be spread directly from the contaminated food or from fecal contact
with an infected person.
Salmonella is the name for a family of bacteria that cause diarrheal illness in humans.
Salmonella is most commonly thought of as the bacteria that lives on raw poultry, and
Salmonellosis while this is true, it is also found on raw beef, milk, eggs, and even fruits and
vegetables. It can be spread directly from the contaminated food or from fecal contact
with an infected person.
Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by a tiny parasite (mite) called Sarcoptes
Scabies scabiei that can live and multiply (infest) on skin. They are passed between people by
prolonged skin-to-skin contact.
Scabies is an itchy skin condition caused by a tiny parasite (mite) called Sarcoptes
Scabies (Pediatric) scabiei that can live and multiply (infest) on skin. They are passed between people by
prolonged skin-to-skin contact.
Ichthyosis vulgaris, also known as common ichthyosis or fish scale disease, is a skin
Scaly Skin (Ichthyosis
condition resulting in scaly skin, especially on the arms and legs. Its name is derived
Vulgaris)
from the Greek word meaning "fish."
Scarlet fever is an infection with a type of bacteria called Streptococcus, which not only
causes a throat infection ("strep throat"), but also produces a poison (toxin) causing the
Scarlet Fever distinctive rash of scarlet fever. Some people are more sensitive to the toxin than
others, so not everyone in a family who is infected will have the rash, even if they have
the throat infection.
Sebaceous Hyperplasia Sebaceous hyperplasia is a common harmless enlargement of the skin oil glands.
Seborrheic dermatitis, also known as seborrhea, is a common non-contagious condition
of skin areas rich in oil glands (the face, scalp, and upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis
Seborrheic Dermatitis is marked by flaking (overproduction of skin cells) and sometimes redness and itching
(inflammation) of the skin, and it varies in severity from mild dandruff of the scalp to
scaly, red patches on the skin.
Seborrheic dermatitis in infants is a common non-contagious condition of skin areas rich
in oil glands (eg, the face, scalp, and upper trunk). Seborrheic dermatitis is marked by
Seborrheic Dermatitis
overproduction of skin cells (leading to flaking) and sometimes inflammation (leading to
(Pediatric)
redness and itching). It varies in severity from mild dandruff of the scalp to scaly, red
patches on the skin.
Seborrheic keratoses are common benign growths of unknown cause seen in adults due
Seborrheic Keratosis
to a thickening of an area of the top skin layer.
Shingles (zoster), also known as herpes zoster, is a painful rash caused by the varicella
zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox. When a person gets chickenpox, the
Shingles (Zoster)
virus remains sleeping (dormant) in one or more bundles of nerves near the spinal cord
(nerve roots) in the body.
First aid and self-care information for shock. Shock is a medical emergency where the
flow of blood through the body is reduced, limiting the amount of oxygen the blood
Shock, First Aid carries to the body's cells. While shock is a life-threatening condition that requires
immediate treatment by a medical professional, giving first aid early, while waiting for
emergency care to arrive, can help shock from becoming worse.
Sinus headache involves head pain in the setting of irritation of the sinuses (air-filled
chambers present in several bones of the face). This irritation can be secondary to
Sinus Headache
infection of the sinuses by viruses, bacteria, fungi, or other organisms or may be
secondary to allergies.
A skin tag (acrochordon) is a common, possibly inherited condition that manifests as
Skin Tag (Acrochordon) small, flesh-colored growths on a thin stalk. Skin tags are benign lesions that can
sometimes become irritated or traumatized.
Smallpox is a disease caused by the variola virus, a virus that is carried and transmitted
only in humans. Through a careful program of vaccination, the variola virus is now
Smallpox (Variola)
completely eradicated. The only variola virus known to exist is stored in two labs: one in
Atlanta and one in Moscow.
Snakebite, First Aid First aid and self-care information for a snakebite. There are 2 kinds of snakebites:
 poisonous (venomous) and nonpoisonous (nonvenomous). Most snakes are
nonpoisonous, and bites from such snakes can be treated as puncture wounds. First aid
for puncture wounds can be found in the Wound text. Poisonous snakebites are much
less common but much more dangerous, and they can even be deadly.
A solar lentigo (plural, solar lentigines), also known as a sun-induced freckle or senile
lentigo, is a dark (hyperpigmented) lesion caused by natural or artificial ultraviolet (UV)
Solar Lentigo
light. Solar lentigines may be single or multiple. This type of lentigo is different from a
simple lentigo (lentigo simplex) because it is caused by exposure to UV light.
A spider angioma is a grouping of small blood vessels at the skin surface. The pattern
Spider Angioma
sometimes resembles the threads of a spider's web.
First aid and self-care information for a splinter. A splinter, or sliver, is a particle of a
foreign object, such as a small piece of wood that has embedded itself in ones skin.
Splinters can sometimes come out on their own or be pulled or milked (by gently
Splinter, First Aid
squeezing on each side of the splinter) out easily, but others can be deeply embedded
and difficult to remove. All splinters should be removed as promptly as possible. If a
splinter becomes wet, it makes the area prone to infection.
Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common form of skin cancer.
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma usually occurs on sun-damaged skin, especially in light-
(SCC)
skinned individuals with a long history of chronic sun exposure.
Dermatitis is a term used to describe irritation of the skin with scaling, rough or dry
Stasis Dermatitis skin, redness, itching, and sometimes oozing, crusts, and erosions. Stasis is a term
used to describe leg swelling seen in conditions of poor circulation and fluid buildup.
A stasis ulcer is a breakdown of the skin (ulcer) caused by fluid build-up in the skin from
Stasis Ulcer poor vein function (venous insufficiency). Fluid leaks from the veins into skin tissue
when the blood backs up rather than returning to the heart through the veins.
Hemangiomas are harmless tumors that are the result of rapidly dividing cells of the
Strawberry Hemangioma blood vessel walls, known as endothelial cells. They are present at birth or shortly after
(Infantile Hemangioma) and grow rapidly during the first year of life. They usually resolve on their own over the
next few years.
Stretch marks (striae) are stripe-like skin marks that develop as a result of rapid weight
Stretch Marks (Striae)
gain or loss, when the skin is stretched, and as a result of some diseases.
Striae gravidarum, stretch marks in pregnancy, occur in about 90% of all pregnant
Stretch Marks of Pregnancy
women. They are primarily due to the rapid rate at which the skin is being stretched,
(Striae of Pregnancy)
combined with the influence of hormones.
Stretch marks (striae) are stripe-like skin marks that develop as a result of rapid weight
Striae
gain or loss, when the skin is stretched, and as a result of some diseases.
Striae gravidarum, stretch marks in pregnancy, occur in about 90% of all pregnant
Striae of Pregnancy women. They are primarily due to the rapid rate at which the skin is being stretched,
combined with the influence of hormones.
A stye (hordeolum) is a local, acutely inflamed growth (swelling, lesion) of the eyelid.
Stye (Hordeolum and They can occur at the lid margin or farther up the lid on either the inner (tarsal) side or
Chalazion) the outer (skin) side of the lid. A chalazion is the chronic form of a stye, and its cellular
makeup is different than that of a stye.
Sunburn is caused by the skin's reaction to ultraviolet light exposure. It appears as
Sunburn reddening and tenderness of the skin and usually occurs between 12 and 24 hours after
the exposure.
First aid and self-care information for sunburn. Sunburn is caused by the skin's reaction
Sunburn, First Aid to ultraviolet light exposure. It appears as reddening and tenderness of the skin and
usually occurs between 12 and 24 hours after the exposure.
Supernumerary digits refer to the occurrence of extra (more than 10) fingers, toes, or
parts of these digits. The medical term for this condition is polydactyly. The diagnosis
Supernumerary Digit
can be divided into 3 classifications: pre-axial polydactyly, post-axial polydactyly, and
central polydactyly.
Supernumerary nipple is a medical term to describe the presence of one or more "extra"
Supernumerary Nipple nipples that might be present on a baby's body. These are equally common in both
males and females, and they are always benign (not life-threatening or cancerous).
Sweaty sock syndrome (juvenile plantar dermatosis) is a condition where the skin
Sweaty Sock Syndrome becomes scaly and red on the soles of the feet of children and young teenagers. The
(Juvenile Plantar Dermatosis) cause of sweaty sock syndrome is unknown, though alternating moist and dry
conditions may lead to the condition.
Primary syphilis is a disease caused by a corkscrew-shaped bacterium (a spirochete)
Syphilis, Primary called Treponema pallidum. It causes disease when it penetrates broken skin of the
genitals or the mucous membranes of the mouth or anus.
Syringoma is a non-cancerous (benign) bump usually found on the upper cheeks and
Syringoma lower eyelids of young adults. Syringomas are completely harmless and are caused by
the overgrowth of cells from sweat glands (eccrine glands).
Systemic Lupus Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), also called lupus, is a chronic inflammatory
Erythematosus disease that can affect almost any part of the body, especially the skin, joints, kidneys,
heart, lungs, bones, blood, or brain. Systemic lupus erythematosus is considered an
autoimmune disorder, meaning that a person's own immune system attacks his or her
 own healthy cells and tissues, causing inflammation and damage.
Telangiectasias are widely open (dilated) blood vessels in the outer layer of the
Telangiectasia
skin. When seen on the legs, they are often called spider veins.
Tension headache involves intermittent episodes of head discomfort that are mild to
moderate in intensity, include non-throbbing "tightness" or "pressure," generally on
Tension Headache
both sides of the head, and are not aggravated by routine physical activity. Nausea,
vomiting, and light/sound sensitivity are rarely present.
Chronic tension headache is a syndrome of headaches that are mild to moderate in
intensity, involve "tightness" or "pressure" on both sides of the head, and are not
Tension Headache, Chronic
aggravated by routine physical activity. Nausea, vomiting, and light/sound sensitivity
are usually not present and, if so, are mild and infrequent.
Thrush (oral candidiasis), also known as oral moniliasis, is a yeast infection of the
Thrush (Oral Candidiasis) mouth or throat (the oral cavity). The yeast that most commonly causes oral candidiasis
is Candida albicans.
First aid and self-care information for tick bites. Ticks are 8-legged creatures
(arachnids) that live in wooded and grassy areas. Ticks attach themselves to a human
host as the person brushes past leaves, grass, etc that the tick is on – ticks do not jump
Tick Bites, First Aid
or fall on a person. Once on a person, ticks move to a warm and moist location (eg,
armpit, groin, back of the knee, hairline), where they burrow into the host's skin and
feed off their blood.
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may form a ring-like
pattern on affected areas of the body. Beard ringworm (tinea barbae), also known as
Tinea Barbae
tinea sycosis or barber's itch, is a fungal infection of the skin, hair, and hair follicles of
the beard and mustache area.
Scalp ringworm (tinea capitis) is a common mild infection of the scalp and hair that
Tinea Capitis appears as scaly spots and patches of broken hair on the head. Caused by a fungus, it is
most commonly seen in children.
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some may form a ring-like
pattern on affected areas of the body. Tinea corporis, also known as ringworm of the
Tinea Corporis
body, tinea circinata, or simply ringworm, is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of
the skin.
Jock itch (tinea cruris) is a surface (superficial) fungal infection of the skin on either side
Tinea Cruris of the body where the thigh joins the abdomen, known as the groin. It is often spread
to the groin from tinea infection on the feet (tinea pedis or athlete's feet).
Tinea infections are commonly called ringworm because some infections form a ring-like
pattern on affected areas of the body. Facial ringworm (tinea faciale), also known as
Tinea Faciale
tinea faciei or ringworm of the face, is a common, non-cancerous (benign) fungal
infection of the surface (superficial) skin of the face.
Tinea pedis, also known as ringworm of the foot or athlete's foot, is a surface
(superficial) fungal infection of the skin of the foot. The most common fungal disease in
Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot) humans, athlete's foot, may be passed to humans by direct contact with infected
people, infected animals, contaminated objects (such as towels or locker room floors),
or the soil.
Tinea versicolor, also known as pityriasis versicolor, is a common, non-cancerous
(benign) skin condition caused by surface (superficial) infection with a type of yeast that
Tinea Versicolor normally lives on the skin. In the right conditions, such as warm, oily, and moist skin,
the yeast (Malassezia) can overgrow and cause a rash, consisting of tan, pink, brown, or
white patches.
Trench fever is a bacterial infection caused by the bacterium Bartonella quintana, which
Trench Fever is carried and transmitted to humans by the common body louse (a small, wingless
insect that lives in the clothes of infested people).
Typhoid fever is the name given to the illness caused by the bacterium Salmonella
Typhoid Fever Typhi, a member of the Salmonella family. Typhoid fever is spread through food and
water contaminated by animal and human feces.
Canker sores (aphthous ulcers), or aphthae, are the most common cause of periodic
(recurring) ulcers inside the mouth and genital linings (mucous membrane
Ulcer, Aphthous
surfaces). Their cause is unknown, but stress, lack of sleep, trauma, and perhaps some
vitamin deficiencies, toothpastes, and foods can make the condition worse.
Bedsores (decubitus ulcers), also known as pressure sores or ulcers, result from
Ulcer, Decubitus prolonged pressure that cuts off the blood supply to the skin, causing the skin and other
tissue to die.
A stasis ulcer is a breakdown of the skin (ulcer) caused by fluid build-up in the skin from
Ulcer, Stasis (Venous Ulcer) poor vein function (venous insufficiency). Fluid leaks from the veins into skin tissue
when the blood backs up rather than returning to the heart through the veins.
First aid and self-care information for unconsciousness. Unconsciousness is an abnormal
state in which a person is not alert and not fully responsive to his/her surroundings.
Unconsciousness, First Aid
Levels of unconsciousness range from drowsiness to collapse and may range in severity
from fainting to coma.
Urticaria Hives (urticaria), also known as welts, is a common skin condition with an itchy rash of
pink to red bumps that appear and disappear anywhere on the body. An individual
 lesion of hives typically lasts a few hours before fading away, and new hives can appear
as older areas disappear.
Chickenpox (varicella) is an infectious disease caused by the varicella zoster virus that
goes away on its own. Infection spreads among humans through fluids from the
Varicella (Chickenpox)
airways, such as from coughing and sneezing, with non-infected household members at
high risk of becoming infected as well.
Varicose veins (varicosities) are twisted, enlarged veins at the skin surface. The word
Varicose Veins (Varicosities)
comes from the Latin word varix, which means "twisted."
Varicose veins (varicosities) are twisted, enlarged veins at the skin surface. The word
Varicosities
comes from the Latin word varix, which means "twisted."
Viral exanthem, also known as non-specific viral rash, is a rash caused by a viral
infection. Many viruses can cause a similar-appearing rash, so it is difficult to tell which
Viral Exanthem one is the culprit. Your age, duration of illness, and other symptoms may suggest which
virus is the cause. Respiratory and stomach (gastrointestinal) viruses are common
causes of such a rash.
Vitiligo is a disease where the immune system turns against itself (autoimmune
disease) where immune cells of the body attack the color-producing (pigment-
Vitiligo
producing) cells to cause white patches on the skin, which may contain hairs that are
white in color.
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). Common warts are
usually found on areas of the body prone to trauma, such as the elbows, knees, and
Wart, Common
hands. The virus causes thickening of the top skin layer. They are usually painless and
go away on their own, sometimes taking a few months to resolve, but can take up to
two years.
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes
Wart, Flat thickening of the top skin layer. Flat warts tend to stay small in size but can be
numerous in quantity. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes
taking a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
Warts are growths of the skin and mucous membranes (the mouth or genitals) that are
caused by over 100 types of the human papillomavirus (HPV). The virus causes
thickening of the top skin layer. A plantar wart occurs on the sole of the foot. It can look
Wart, Plantar
and feel like a callus. Plantar warts can be small, or they can grow to cover most of the
sole of the foot. They are usually painless and go away on their own, sometimes taking
a few months to resolve (but can take up to 2 years).
A Wood's lamp is a device that emits ultraviolet (UV) light in the 365 nanometer range
and is commonly used by dermatologists to assist in the diagnosis of various pigment
Wood's Lamp Examination and infectious disorders. The examination is performed in a dark room, allowing the
Wood's light to shine directly on the affected area for a few seconds and looking for any
changes in color or fluorescence.
First aid and self-care information for wounds. A wound is any type of injury that breaks
the skin, and severity can range from a small cut to a deep puncture wound. To prevent
Wounds, First Aid infection and promote healing, all wounds need care. A scrape (abrasion) is when the
surface of the skin is injured on a hard or rough surface, causing the skin ooze, and,
often, bleed. A cut has a clean edge, while a tear has a jagged edge.
Xanthelasma (xanthelasma palpebrarum) is a skin condition that develops flat yellow
growths on the eyelids. Xanthelasma is often seen in people with high cholesterol or
Xanthelasma Palpebrarum
other fat (lipid) levels in the blood, and the lesions contain deposits that are high in fat
(lipid-rich).
Dry skin (xerosis) is a condition of rough, dry skin with fine scaling of skin and,
Xerosis occasionally, with small cracks in the skin. Dry skin is also known as winter itch or
asteatosis.
Candidiasis, commonly known as a yeast infection, is an infection with the common
yeast (or fungus) organism, Candida albicans, which is commonly found in the
Yeast Infection (Candidiasis)
environment. Sometimes this yeast lives in the mouth, digestive (gastrointestinal) tract,
and the vagina, along with many kinds of harmless bacteria, without causing any issues.
Yellow fever is a viral illness caused by the bite of a mosquito carrying the yellow fever
Yellow Fever virus. Yellow fever received its name from the yellow discoloration (known as jaundice)
to some patients' skin.
Shingles (zoster), also known as herpes zoster, is a painful rash caused by the varicella
zoster virus, the virus that causes chickenpox. When a person gets chickenpox, the
Zoster (Shingles)
virus remains sleeping (dormant) in one or more bundles of nerves near the spinal cord
(nerve roots) in the body.